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Timeline of Tata Group

9,169 bytes added, 15:16, 14 April 2021
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This is a '''timeline of {{w|Tata Group}}''', an Indian multinational [[w:Conglomerate (company)|conglomerate]] {{w|holding company}} headquartered in {{w|Mumbai}}.
 
 
== Sample questions ==
 
The following are some interesting questions that can be answered by reading this timeline:
 
* How did Tata evolve from a small trading firm to a multinational conglomerate?
* What are important company acquisitions throughout the history of Tata?
* How did the leadership of the group change over time?
* How did the political scenario affect the group over time starting from {{w|British India}} to current Liberal India?
* How did Tata Group diversify into different domains?
* Which are philanthropic enterprises related to Tata Group?
==Big picture==
 
{| class="wikitable"
| 1947–1991 || Independent India || After having won its independence from Britain, the Indian Government introduces legislation against monopoly industries and high tax dividends. As a result, Tata diversifies its activities into unrelated businesses in order to invest its revenues in different sectors rather than pay high taxes.<ref name="Global Strategic Management">{{cite book |last1=Frynas |first1=Jedrzej George |last2=Mellahi |first2=Kamel |title=Global Strategic Management |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=QYJ1BQAAQBAJ&pg=PA237&lpg=PA237&dq=%22tata%22+%22high+taxes%22&source=bl&ots=aaz41qAspc&sig=ACfU3U0_Tc5WmxbEfRK5TfyJV0TYp323_w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjB2ou1lO_lAhXNIbkGHS2dDTQQ6AEwB3oECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22tata%22%20%22high%20taxes%22&f=false}}</ref> This period also marks the beginning of attempts of {{w|nationalization}}s of companies. {{w|Tata Airlines}} is nationalized in 1953, while unsuccessful attempts to nationalize {{w|Tata Steel}} occur in 1971 and 1979. On the other hand, many British companies are sold to Indians.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Paul |first1=E. Jaiwant |title=The Story of Tea |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=gd2mBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT36&dq=%22tata%22+%22independence%22+%22india%22+%221947%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjGrZrykO_lAhWLILkGHSCrCC8Q6AEIODAC#v=onepage&q=%22tata%22%20%22independence%22%20%22india%22%20%221947%22&f=false}}</ref> In 1976, [[W:Tata Global Beverages|Tata Finlay]] takes over the production and marketing operations of James Finlay.
|-
| 1991 onwards || Liberal India || India liberalizes its economy, and Tata intinsifies intensifies its diversification strategy. By this time, the group is considered to be successful in leveraging its well-reorganized and admired brand name across a variety of unrelated business, and the liberalization of the economy creates new business sectors and oportunities leading Tata to diversify even further. Since the 2000s, Tata accelerates its international expansion strategy.<ref name="Global Strategic Management"/> By the early 2010s, Tata operates in over 80 foreign markets around the world.<ref name="Global Strategic Management"/>
|-
|}
 
== Visual data ==
 
=== Google Trends ===
 
The comparative chart below shows {{w|Google Trends}} data for Reliance Industries Limited (Multinational conglomerate company) and Tata Group (Multinational conglomerate company), from January 2004 to April 2021, when the screenshot was taken. Interest is also ranked by country and displayed on world map.<ref>{{cite web |title=Reliance Industries Limited and Tata Group |url=https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&q=%2Fm%2F0242c6,%2Fm%2F014lk3 |website=Google Trends |access-date=14 April 2021}}</ref>
 
[[File:Reliance Industries Limited and Tata Group gt.png|thumb|center|600px]]
 
The comparative chart below shows {{w|Google Trends}} data ({{w|India}}) for Reliance Industries Limited (Multinational conglomerate company) and Tata Group (Multinational conglomerate company), from January 2004 to April 2021, when the screenshot was taken. Interest is also ranked by state and displayed on map.<ref>{{cite web |title=Reliance Industries Limited and Tata Group |url=https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&geo=IN&q=%2Fm%2F0242c6,%2Fm%2F014lk3 |website=Google Trends |access-date=14 April 2021}}</ref>
 
[[File:Reliance Industries Limited and Tata Group India gt.png|thumb|center|600px]]
 
=== Google Ngram Viewer ===
 
The comparative chart below shows {{w|Google Ngram Viewer}} data for Reliance Industries Limited and Tata Group, from 1868 to 2019.<ref>{{cite web |title=Reliance Industries Limited and Tata Group |url=https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=Reliance+Industries+Limited%2CTata+Group&year_start=1868&year_end=2019&corpus=26&smoothing=3&case_insensitive=true |website=books.google.com |access-date=14 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
 
[[File:Reliance Industries Limited and Tata Group ngram.png|thumb|center|700px]]
 
=== Wikipedia Views ===
 
The comparative chart below shows pageviews on desktop of the English Wikipedia articles {{w|Reliance Industries Limited}}, {{w|Tata Group}}, and {{w|Z}} from July 2015 to March 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=Reliance Industries Limited and Tata Group |url=https://wikipediaviews.org/displayviewsformultiplemonths.php?pages[0]=Reliance+Industries+Limited&pages[1]=Tata+Group&allmonths=allmonths-api&language=en&drilldown=desktop |website=wikipediaviews.org |access-date=14 April 2021}}</ref>
 
[[File:Reliance Industries Limited and Tata Group wv.png|thumb|center|450px]]
==Full timeline==
| 1886 || || Policy || Empress Mills pioneers employee welfare initiatives, long before they are enacted by law.<ref name="The Complete Story"/> || ||
|-
| 1892 || || Trust launch || [[w:Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata|Jamsetji]] establishes the JN Tata Endowment Fund with the purpose to help Indian students pursue higher studies abroad.<ref name="The Complete Story"/> || Education ||
|-
| 1898 || || Early development || [[w:Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata|Jamsetji]] opens the Hotel Taj in {{w|Mumbai}}, the first hotel of such standard in India, with German fans and English butlers. This lays the foundation of a multimillionaire venture known to be as [[w:Taj Hotels|Taj Group]] of hotels.<ref name="A brief history of the Tata Group"/> || {{w|Lodging}} || {{w|Taj Hotels}}
|-
| 1907 || August 26 || Subsidiary launch || Fulfilling the dream of [[w:Jamsetji Tata|Jamshedji]], {{w|Dorabji Tata}} establishes the Tata Iron and Steel company (TISCO) (later known as {{w|Tata Steel}}) in {{w|Sakchi}}, and builds a hospital for the village.<ref name="Tata Group"/><ref name="The Complete Story"/><ref name="Tata Group history is"/><ref name="A brief history of the Tata Group"/> || {{w|Steel industry}} || {{w|Tata Steel}}
|-
| 1907 || || Subsidiary launch || Tata Limited is established in {{w|London}} as the Tata Group's representative in Europe. It offers comprehensive and highly specialized services that cover a diverse type of industry and activity.<ref name="International Human"/> || || Tata Limited
|-
| 1909 || May || Institute launch || The {{w|Indian Institute of Science}} (known as Tata Institute) is established through the vision of {{w|Jamsetji Tata}}, 5 years after his death.<ref name="The Complete Story"/><ref>{{cite web |title=History |url=https://www.iisc.ac.in/about/general-information/about-heritage/ |website=iisc.ac.in |accessdate=18 September 2019}}</ref> || Education ||
|-
| 1917 || || Subsidiary launch || {{w|Tata Sons}} is registered as a private limited company.<ref name="A brief history of the Tata Group"/> It is the {{w|holding company}} of the {{w|Tata Group}} and holds the bulk of shareholding in the Tata group of companies including their land holdings across India, tea estates and steel plants.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Subramanian |first1=N |title=Trusting the family: a short history of Tata sons ownership |url=http://bsmedia.business-standard.com/_media/bs/data/general-file-upload/2016-10/tata%20family%20tree.pdf |accessdate=19 November 2019|publisher=Business Standard}}</ref> || || {{w|Tata Sons}}
|-
| 1918 || || Trust launch || The Sir Ratan Tata Trust is established in accordance with directives of Sir Ratan Tata's will. The trust operates in five areas: basic and advanced (postgraduate) education, primary and preventive health, rural livelihoods and communities, arts and culture, and public initiatives.<ref name="The Tata Trusts"/> || {{w|Philanthropy}} ||
|-
| 1919 || || Leadership || Sir {{w|Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata}} dies, and the first of the Tata Trusts, the Sir Ratanji Tata Trust & Allied Trusts, is set up in accordance with his will.<ref name="The Complete Story"/> || ||
|-
| 1929 || || Leadership || 24-year-old {{w|Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata}} receives the first pilot licence in India.<ref name="The Complete Story"/> || ||
|-
| 1932 || || Trust launch || The Lady Meherbai D. Tata Education Trust is established by Sir Dorabji Tata in memory of his wife. The trust helps female graduates study social work outside India.<ref name="The Tata Trusts"/> || {{w|Philanthropy}} ||
|-
| 1932 || || Leadership || {{w|J. R. D. Tata}} pilots the first flight of the subcontinent from {{w|Karachi}} to {{w|Mumbai}}. Tata Airlines (later, {{w|Air India}}) is founded.<ref name="The Complete Story"/><ref name="Tata Group"/> || ||
|-
| 1932 || June || Leadership || {{w|Dorabji Tata}} dies on June 3. {{w|Nowroji Saklatwala}} (son of Bapuji Saklatwala and Virbaiji Tata) becomes the third chairman of the Tata Group.<ref name="Tata Group"/> || ||
|-
| 1932 || || Trust launch || [[w:Sir Dorabji Tata and Allied Trusts|Sir Dorabji Tata Trust]] is established when Sir Dorabji Tata commits all his wealth to it. This trust would be known for promoting six pioneering institutions: the Tata Institute of Social Sciences, the Tata Memorial Centre for Cancer Research and Treatment, the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, and the National Centre for the Performing Arts.<ref name="The Tata Trusts">{{cite web |title=The Tata Trusts |url=https://ngosindia.com/the-tata-trusts/ |website=ngosindia.com |accessdate=8 December 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Philanthropy}} ||
|-
| 1936 || || Institute launch || The Sir Dorabji Tata Graduate School of Social Work (later known as {{w|Tata Institute of Social Sciences}}) is established.<ref name="The Complete Story"/> || Education ||
|-
| 1944 || || Renaming || The Sir Dorabji Tata Graduate School of Social Work is renamed as {{w|Tata Institute of Social Sciences}}.<ref name="Historyvvv">{{cite web |title=History |url=https://www.tiss.edu/about-tiss/overview/ |website=tiss.edu |accessdate=19 September 2019}}</ref> || Education ||
|-
| 1944 || || Trust launch || The J.R.D. Tata Trust is established. It gives research grants and scholarships, provides relied in the wake of natural calamities, and backs social welfare projects among other philanthropic activities. By way of institutional donations, it supports the advancement of learning.<ref name="The Tata Trusts"/> || {{w|Philanthropy}} ||
|-
| 1945 || || Subsidiary launch || Tata Group establishes the {{w|Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company}} (TELCO) to manufacture engineering and locomotive products. It would be later renamed Tata Motors.<ref name="Tata Group"/> "The group's rapid business expansion continues with the establishment of Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company. By 2003, it is rechristened Tata Motors."<ref name="The Complete Story"/><ref name="Tata Group history is"/> || {{w|Locomotives}} || {{w|Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company}}
| 1958 || || Subsidiary launch || [[w:TRL Krosaki Refractories Limited|Tata Refractories Limited]] is founded.<ref>{{cite web |title=TRL KROSAKI Refractories Limited |url=https://www.linkedin.com/company/trl-krosaki-refractories-limited/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=20 September 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Refractories}} || [[w:TRL Krosaki Refractories Limited|Tata Refractories Limited]]
|-
| 1958 || || Trust launch || The M.K. Tata Trust is established by Minocher K. Tata, with the purpose to advance learning in all fields by means of research grants and scholarships, and to provide medical and other relief in the aftermath of natural calamities.<ref name="The Tata Trusts"/> || {{w|Philanthropy}} |||-| 1961 || || {{w|Joint venture}} || {{w|Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery}} is founded as a {{w|joint venture}} company between Tata Motors Ltd and {{w|Hitachi Construction Machinery}} of Japan.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tata Hitachi |url=https://www.tatahitachi.co.in/milestones/ |website=tatahitachi.co.in |accessdate=20 September 2019}}</ref> Its product lineup includes a range Table of excavators.<ref>{{Cite webContents for Industry Focus - Excavators |url=https://www.constructionopportunities.in/IssueDetailPage?IssueMenuMasterId=20691&ParentMenuId=20688&ContentType=SubParent|title=Construction Opportunities %20Opportunities%20- Tata Hitachi Excavators|last=|first=|date=%20Tata%20Hitachi%excavators |website=Construction Opportunitiesconstructionopportunities.in |url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-dateaccessdate=30 November 8 December 2019}}</ref> || Construction || {{w|Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery}}
|-
| 1962 || || Subsidiary launch || {{w|Tata Tea}} is incorporated as Tata Finlay Ltd with technical and financial collaboration with James Finlay & Co. Ltd. from {{w|Glasgow}}, a leading Scottish trading company in the {{w|British Empire}}.<ref name="The Complete Story"/><ref name="Tata Group"/><ref name="Tata Global Beverages Ltd.">{{cite web |title=Tata Global Beverages Ltd. |url=https://www.business-standard.com/company/tata-global-557/information/company-history |website=business-standard.com |accessdate=18 October 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Tea}} || {{w|Tata Tea}}
|-
| 1964 || || Accreditation || The {{w|Tata Institute of Social Sciences}} is declared {{w|Deemed university}} under Section 3 of the University Grants Commission Act (UGC), 1956.<ref name="Historyvvv"/> || Education ||
|-
| 1964 || || Subsidiary launch || {{w|Tata Global Beverages}} is set up through a joint venture with James Finlay and the Tata Group for manufacturing {{w|tea}} and {{w|coffee}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tata Global Beverages Overview |url=https://www.glassdoor.sg/Overview/Working-at-Tata-Global-Beverages-EI_IE9651.11,32.htm |website=glassdoor.sg |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref><ref name="Tata Global Beverages Ltds">{{cite web |title=Tata Global Beverages Ltd. |url=https://www.ndtv.com/business/stock/tata-global-beverages-ltd_tataglobal/reports |website=ndtv.com |accessdate=18 October 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Non-alcoholic beverage}}s || {{w|Tata Global Beverages}}
|-
| 1966 || || Institute launch || The {{w|Tata Management Training Centre}} is founded by {{w|J. R. D. Tata}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Tata Management Training Centre (TMTC) |url=https://www.academyofindianmarketing.org/charter-member-institution/the-tata-management-training-centre-tmtc/ |website=academyofindianmarketing.org |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref> || Education ||
|-
| 1971 || || Nationalization || A first unsuccessful attempt to nationalize {{w|Tata Steel}} is made.<ref name="A brief history of the Tata Group"/> || {{w|Steel industry}} || {{w|Tata Steel}}
|-
| 1972 || || Subsidiary launch || Tata Precision Industries is established. Promoted by {{w|Tata Motors}}, {{w|Tata International AG}} and the {{w|Development Bank of Singapore}}, it specialises in high-precision machining, precision fine blanking, engineering plastic moulded parts and tool design.<ref name="International Human">{{cite book |last1=Rao |first1=P. L. |title=International Human Resource Management: Text and Cases |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=YeR7sBJdS6IC&pg=PA272&lpg=PA272&dq=Tata+Precision+Industries+%221972%22&source=bl&ots=kf5UOztALa&sig=ACfU3U1riP5vE3yRAn2aYFFiWNCre_ajCw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjw1fDQ5KbmAhV4IbkGHbMxCscQ6AEwAHoECAQQAQ#v=onepage&q=Tata%20Precision%20Industries%20%221972%22&f=false}}</ref> || Engineering, machinery || Tata Precision Industries
|-
| 1972 || || Subsidiary launch || Tata Incorporated is established as representative office of the Tata Group in the {{w|Americas}}. It specializes in global trading as well as information and financial flows related to its lines of business. It is headquartered in {{w|New York City}}.<ref name="International Human"/> || Trading || Tata Incorporated
|-
| 1974 || || Trust launch || The Namsetji Tata Trust is established to mark the centenary year of the Tata enterprise. It bestows grants in areas where innovative efforts are being made.<ref name="The Tata Trusts"/> || {{w|Philanthropy}} ||
|-
| 1974 || || Education || The [[w:Energy and Resources Institute|Tata Energy Research Institute]] is founded in {{w|New Delhi}}. It specializes in the fields of energy, environment and sustainable development. It would be renamed Energy and Resources Institute in 2003. || ||
| 1979 || || Nationalization || A second unsuccessful attempt to nationalize {{w|Tata Steel}} is made.<ref name="A brief history of the Tata Group"/> || {{w|Steel industry}} || {{w|Tata Steel}}
|-
| 1979 || || Subsidiary launch || Tata Projects Limited is established as an engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) company in the engineering sector of the Tata Group.<ref>{{cite web |title=Most Admired Companies: Tata Projects |url=https://www.constructionworld.in/articles/cover-story/Most-Admired-Companies:-Tata-Projects/3109 |website=constructionworld.in |accessdate=19 September 2019}}</ref> || Engineering ||Tata Projects Limited|-| 1981 || || Facility launch || The {{w|Tata Research Development and Design Centre}} is established in {{w|Pune}}. It undertakes research in software engineering, process engineering, and systems research.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tata Research Development and Design Centre |url=http://www.iitk.ac.in/july14che/process-engineering-research-at-trddc |website=iitk.ac.in |accessdate=12 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=The Global Innovation Index 2016: Winning the Global Innovation |edition=Cornell University |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=1h9zDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA151&lpg=PA151&dq=Tata+Research+Development+and+Design+Centre+1981&source=bl&ots=rj2kLfQplp&sig=ACfU3U3075KwAQ8O8--FpZ3q-76JqUtl5Q&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiSus-mzLDmAhUeD7kGHXTDCYAQ6AEwBnoECAYQAQ#v=onepage&q=Tata%20Research%20Development%20and%20Design%20Centre%201981&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Tan |first1=Chung |title=Rise of the Asian Giants |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=lAa12CBzXIcC&pg=PA190&lpg=PA190&dq=Tata+Research+Development+and+Design+Centre+1981&source=bl&ots=_sWbkYEFo0&sig=ACfU3U1aGFarVFiyZN4wTdOHhNf12nUGIA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiSus-mzLDmAhUeD7kGHXTDCYAQ6AEwB3oECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=Tata%20Research%20Development%20and%20Design%20Centre%201981&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Software}} || {{w|Tata Consultancy Services}}
|-
| 1982 || || Acquisition || Tata Group subsidiary {{w|Taj Hotels}} acquires Taj Sheba Hotel in {{w|Sana'a}}, {{w|Yemen}}, its first international hotel.<ref name="The Complete Story"/> || {{w|Lodging}} || {{w|Taj Hotels}}
|-
| 1982 || || Acquisition || {{w|Taj Hotels}} accelerates its international expansion with the acquisition of St. James Court in {{w|London}}.<ref name="The Complete Story"/> || {{w|Lodging}} || {{w|Taj Hotels}}
|-
| 1983 || || Product release || {{w|Tata Chemicals}} launces {{w|Tata Salt}} as India's first packaged {{w|iodized salt}} brand.<ref name="The Complete Story"/> ||[[w:Chemical industry|Chemicals]] || {{w|Tata Chemicals}}
|-
| 1982 || || Acquisition || James Finlay sells their shareholding in the Tata Finlay, to Tata Group, passing the ownership of the company completely into the hands of the group, which renames it {{w|Tata Tea}}.<ref name="Tata Global Beverages Ltd."/><ref>{{cite web |title=Records of Tata-Finlay Limited |url=https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/search/archives/32161c5f-e31b-337e-8cfe-031b7c64b008 |website=archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk |accessdate=18 October 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Tea}} || {{w|Tata Tea}}
|-
| 1984 || || Joint venture || Titan Industries is established as a joint venture between the {{w|Tata Group}} and Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation, and starts producing watches.<ref name="The Complete Story"/><ref name="Tata Group history is"/>.<ref>{{cite web |title=About Us |url=https://www.titancompany.in/about-us |website=titancompany.in |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Titan Company Ltd |url=https://www.business-standard.com/company/titan-company-1016/information/company-history |website=business-standard.com |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |title=Titan Company Ltd. | url=https://www.business-standard.com/company/titan-company-1016/information/company-history |website=business-standard.com |accessdate=12 December 2019}}</ref> || Consumer goods || {{w|Titan Company}}
|-
| 1984 || || Subsidiary launch || {{w|Tata Housing Development Company}} is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=TATA HOUSING |url=https://www.tatahousing.in/e-leaflet/#thdc/page1 |website=tatahousing.in |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Real Estate}} || {{w|Tata Housing Development Company}}
|-
| 1984 || || Acquisition || Tata Group cosmetics brand Lakme is sold to {{w|Hindustan Unilever}}, along with Tata Oil Mills Co (TOMCO).<ref name="The Complete Story"/><ref name="Tata Group"/> || Cosmetics |||-| 1984 || || Joint venture launch || {{w|Titan Company}} is founded as a consumer goods company. It is a joint venture between the Tata Group and the {{w|Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation}}. || Consumer goods || {{w|Titan Company}}
|-
| 1985 || || Product release || Tata Group is granted a license to manufacture passenger cars.<ref name="df">{{cite book |last1=Barnes |first1=Tom |title=Making Cars in the New India: Industry, Precarity and Informality |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=neZNDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA69&lpg=PA69&dq="in+1985+tata"&source=bl&ots=gGft-5jFM_&sig=ACfU3U2BqNP66g7stiMsuVhQC5lNVkwpuA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi1sK7SsqblAhXdGLkGHdHXAOIQ6AEwA3oECAgQAg#v=onepage&q="in%201985%20tata"&f=false}}</ref> || ||
|-
| 1989 || || Subsidiary launch || {{w|Tata Technologies Limited}} is founded. A subsidiary of {{w|Tata Motors}}, it provides services in [[w:Engineering design process|engineering and design]], {{w|product lifecycle management}}, {{w|manufacturing}}, {{w|product development}}, and {{w|IT service management}} to automotive and aerospace {{w|original equipment manufacturer}}s and their suppliers.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tata Technologies |url=https://www.glassdoor.com.ar/Descripci%C3%B3n-general/Trabajar-en-Tata-Technologies-EI_IE327596.12,29.htm?countryRedirect=true |website=glassdoor.com.ar |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref> || Engineering ||{{w|Tata Technologies Limited}}
|-
| 1989 || || Subsidiary launch || {{w|Tata Power Solar}} is founded as a joint venture between Tata Power and British Petroleum Solar ({{w|BP Solar}}). It is one of the largest manufacturers of solar modules in India.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tata Power Solar doubles module manufacturing capacity to 400MW |url=https://www.livemint.com/Industry/TcB4IPMJX0cqD5tA6YlugJ/Tata-Power-Solar-doubles-module-manufacturing-capacity-to-40.html |website=livemint.com |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Solar energy}} | | {{w|Tata Power Solar}}
|-
| 1989 || || Subsidiary launch || {{w|Tata Elxsi}} is incorporated. It is the product design arm of Tata Group, and focuses on delivering outsourced product design and {{w|R&D}} services and solutions to customers worldwide.<ref>{{cite web |title=TATA ELXSI LTD. (TATAELXSI) - COMPANY HISTORY |url=https://www.business-standard.com/company/tata-elxsi-2322/information/company-history |website=business-standard.com |accessdate=1 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Buy Tata Elxsi, target Rs 1,240: Manav Chopra |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/stocks/recos/buy-tata-elxsi-target-rs-1240-manav-chopra/articleshow/66063239.cms?from=mdr |website=economictimes.indiatimes.com |accessdate=20 September 2019}}</ref> || Technology services, product engineering, industrial design || {{w|Tata Elxsi}}
|-
| 1990 || || Subsidiary launch || {{w|Tata Steel}} starts expansion plan and establishes its subsidiary Tata Inc. in {{w|New York City}}.<ref name="A brief history of the Tata Group"/> || {{w|Steel industry}} ||
|-
| 1990 || || Trust launch || The R.D. Tata Trust is established to promote the advancement of knowledge by means of institutional grants.<ref name="The Tata Trusts"/> || {{w|Philanthrophy}} ||
|-
| 1991 || January || Facility launch || {{w|J.R.D. Tata}} launches Tata Central Archives (TCA) in {{w|Bombay}}. In 2001, the archives move to Pune. Housed in the lush green precincts of Tata Management Training Centre, TCA formal innauguration would happen on February 13, 2001.<ref name="Treasures from the Past">{{cite web |title=Treasures from the Past |url=https://www.tata.com/newsroom/treasures-from-the-past-tata-central-archives |website=tata.com |accessdate=18 September 2019}}</ref> || ||
|-
| 1991 || || Leadership || {{w|J.R.D. Tata}}’s nephew {{w|Ratan Tata}} assumes as new chairman of the Tata Group. Upon assumption, Ratan would aggressively seek to expand the group, increasingly focussing on globalizing its businesses.<ref name="Tata Group"/><ref name="Tata Group history is"/> || ||
| 1991 || || Product release || After its success with commercial vehicles, TELCO (later {{w|Tata Motors}}) launches {{w|Tata Sierra}}, a three-door {{w|sport utility vehicle}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=The err in Sierra |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/management/the-err-in-sierra-104040601010_1.html |website=business-standard.com |accessdate=18 October 2019}}</ref><ref name="The Complete Story"/> || ||
|-
| 1991 || January || Facility Trust launch || {{w|The J.R.D. and Thelma J. Tata}} launches Trust is established by J.R.D. Tata Central Archives (TCA) in {{w|Bombay}}. In 2001with his and his wife's personal wealth, with the archives move purpose to Pune. Housed in the lush green precincts of Tata Management Training Centre, TCA formal innauguration would happen on February 13, 2001uplift women and children.<ref name="Treasures from the PastThe Tata Trusts"/>|| {{cite web |title=Treasures from the Past w|url=https://www.tata.com/newsroom/treasures-from-the-past-tata-central-archives |website=tata.com |accessdate=18 September 2019Philanthropy}}</ref> || ||
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| 1992 || || Joint venture || {{w|Tata Motors}} forms a 50/50 joint venture with Cummins Engine Company USA, called Tata Cummings Limited (TCL), to bring diesel technology solutions to {{w|India}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Nobrega |first1=William |last2=Sinha |first2=Ashish |title=Riding the Indian Tiger: Understanding India -- the World's Fastest Growing Market |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=5TG7uJkHJVQC&pg=PA114&lpg=PA114&dq=%22in+1992+tata%22&source=bl&ots=hbFo9AWhDe&sig=ACfU3U3OwoR6eOaX1bdXzxFFIs1L5qiyiA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjCnIyOl6blAhWoI7kGHS53DH0Q6AEwCHoECAgQAg#v=onepage&q=%22in%201992%20tata%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Automotive industry}} || {{w|Tata Motors}}
| 1994 || || Subsidiary launch || Tata-{{w|TIDCO}} joint venture {{w|Titan Company}} launches {{w|Tanishq}}, a jewellery brand which would grow to over 274 stores in more than 160 Indian cities.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tanishq |url=https://www.titancompany.in/our-brands/jewellery/tanishq |website=titancompany.in |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref> || ||
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| 1995 || || Subsidiary launch || Tata AutoComp Systems is incorporated as a supplier of automobile components and engineering services.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tata AutoComp Systems |url=https://tataautocomp.com/careers/ |website=tataautocomp.com |accessdate=18 October 2019}}</ref> || Automobile components ||Tata AutoComp Systems
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| 1996 || || Subsidiary launch || {{w|Tata Teleservices}} is founded.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tata Sons may soon shut down Tata Teleservices |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/company/corporate-trends/tata-sons-may-soon-shut-down-tata-teleservices-ending-a-21-year-old-business-venture/articleshow/60978245.cms?from=mdr |website=economictimes.indiatimes.com |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref> || Telecommunications || {{w|Tata Teleservices}}
| 1998 || || Product release || [[w:Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company|TELCO]] launches {{w|Tata Indica}}, India's first indigenously designed and manufactured car, and {{w|Tata Safari}}, India's first {{w|SUV}}.<ref name="The Complete Story"/><ref name="Tata Group history is"/> || ||
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| 1998 || || Subsidiary launch || [[w:Trent (Westside)|Trent]] starts operating as the retail hand of the Tata group.<ref>{{cite web |title=Consumer and Retail |url=https://www.tata.com/business/consumer-retail |website=tata.com |accessdate=20 September 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Retail}} || [[w:Trent (Westside)|Trent]]
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| 1998 || || Subsidiary launch || Tata AutoComp Systems Limited (TACO) is founded. Based in {{w|Pune, Maharashtra}}, It is a provider of telematics solutions and Mobile Resource Management (MRM) services in India.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tata AutoComp |url=https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/tata-autocomp#section-overview |website=crunchbase.com |accessdate=23 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Tata AutoComp Systems |url=https://craft.co/tata-autocomp-systems-ltd |website=craft.co |accessdate=23 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=TATA AUTOCOMP Mobility Telematics |url=https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/tata-autocomp-mobility-telematics#section-overview |website=crunchbase.com |accessdate=19 September 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Automotive industry}}, industrial Manufacturing || Tata AutoComp Systems
| 2006 || August 10 || Subsidiary launch || {{w|Direct broadcast satellite}} television provider {{w|Tata Sky}} is founded.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tata Sky DTH Toll Free Number | url=http://customerservicecn.com/tata-sky-dth-toll-free-customer-service-number/ |website=customerservicecn.com |accessdate=19 September 2019}}</ref> || ||
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| 2006 || August || Acquisition || {{w|Tata Tea}} announces plans to buy 30 percent of {{w|Energy Brands}}, the maker of fast-growing brand Glaceau vitamin water, for US$677 million.<ref name="Tata group's major takeovers abroad"/> || {{w|Non-alcoholic beverage}}s || {{w|Tata Tea}}
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| 2006 || October || Acquisition || {{w|Tata Tea}} acquires a 33 percent stake in South African Joekels Tea Packers for US$60 million.<ref name="Tata group's major takeovers abroad"/> || {{w|Non-alcoholic beverage}}s || {{w|Tata Tea}}
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| 2006 || November || Acquisition || {{w|Taj Hotels}} acquires the {{w|Ritz Carlton}} {{w|Boston}}, for US$170 million.<ref name="taj hotels">{{cite web |title=Ritz-Carlton Boston sold to Taj Hotels for $170M, to be renamed |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/boston/stories/2006/11/06/daily45.html |website=bizjournals.com |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Lodging}} || {{w|Taj Hotels}}
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| 2006 || December || Controversy || {{w|Singur Tata Nano controversy}}. Protests against the acquisition of land for the [[w:Tata Nano|Nano]] car plant at {{w|Singur}} take place. {{w|Mamata Banerjee}} holds 26-day {{w|hunger strike}} against the land acquisition.<ref name="dfrd"/><ref>{{cite web |title=Singur farmers appeal to Mamata to end strike |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/singur-farmers-appeal-to-mamata-to-end-strike/article3205935.ece |website=thehindu.com |accessdate=16 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Singur and political posturing |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-opinion/singur-and-political-posturing/article3032747.ece |website=thehindu.com |accessdate=16 November 2019}}</ref> || {w|Automotive industry}} || {{w|Tata Motors}}
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| 2007 || January || Acquisition || {{w|Tata Steel}} acquires {{w|London}}-based {{w|steelmaking}} company {{w|Corus Group}} for US$12 billion.<ref name="Studies in Indian Economy, Volume 2"/><ref name="Tata group's major takeovers abroad"/> || {{w|Steel industry}} || {{w|Tata Steel}}
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| 2007 || April || Acquisition || Tata Group subsidiary {{w|Taj Hotels}} acquires Campton Place, San Francisco for US$58 million. Campton Place is subsequently renamed Taj Campton Place.<ref>{{cite web |title=I agree Taj Hotels Agrees to Acquire the Campton Place, San Francisco for $58 Million, Continuing Its U.S. and Worldwide Expansion |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20070406005210/en/Taj-Hotels-Agrees-Acquire-Campton-Place-San |website=businesswire.com |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Lodging}} || {{w|Taj Hotels}}
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| 2007 || || Acquisition || {{w|Tata Steel}} completes the biggest corporate takeover by an Indian company with the acquisition of the giant Anglo-Dutch steel manufacturer [[w:Tata Steel Europe|Corus Group]].<ref name="Tata Group"/> "Tata Steel acquires Corus (now, Tata Steel Europe). It is Europe's second largest steel producer serving construction, automotive, packaging & engineering industries."<ref name="The Complete Story"/> "and becomes the fifth largest steel producer"<ref name="Tata Group history is"/><ref name="A brief history of the Tata Group"/> || {{w|Steel industry}} || {{w|Tata Steel}}
| 2008 || February || Acquisition || {{w|Tata Chemicals}} acquires acquires General Chemical Industrial Products, a U.S.-based soda ash firm, for US$1 billion.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tata Chemical acquires U.S. soda ash firm |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/tata-chemical-acquires-us-soda-ash-firm/article1351185/ |website=theglobeandmail.com |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref> ||[[w:Chemical industry|Chemicals]] || {{w|Tata Chemicals}}
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| 2008 || February 13 || Acquisition || Tata Group completely acquires Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL) and renames it as [[w:Tata Communications|Tata Communications Limited]].<ref>{{cite web |title=VSNL Presentation (Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited) |url=https://www.slideshare.net/SusheelTiwari7/vsnl-presentation-videsh-sanchar-nigam-limited |website=slideshare.net |accessdate=18 October 2019}}</ref> VSNL is credited to have brought internet into India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://caravanmagazine.in/reportage/government-helping-reliance-jio-monopolise-telecom|title=How Reliance Jio is monopolising the telecom sector|last=Block|first=Daniel|website=The Caravan|language=en|access-date=19 September 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Telecommunications}} || [[w:Tata Communications|Tata Communications Limited]]
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| 2008 || || Joint venture launch || Tata Motors and Brazilian bus maker Marcopolo S.A. found {{w|Tata Marcopolo}}, giving Tata Motors access to the Brazilian marketplace.<ref name="The Challenge of BRIC Multinationals">{{cite book |title=The Challenge of BRIC Multinationals |edition=Rob van Tulder, Alain Verbeke, Jorge Carneiro, Maria Alejandra Gonzalez-Perez |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=EpadDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA207&lpg=PA207&dq=2008+Tata+Marcopolo&source=bl&ots=CmcrEH3ZTe&sig=ACfU3U0i0nr31pYEK5tkltdKdLQBSu7b4A&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjai5X3pePkAhUdK7kGHYEtA3Y4ChDoATACegQIBxAB#v=onepage&q=2008%20Tata%20Marcopolo&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Automotive industry}} || {{w|Tata Marcopolo}}
| 2008 || June || Acquisition || {{w|Tata Communications}} acquires 50% of [[w:China Communications Services|China Enterprise Communications]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Tata Communications to acquire 50% of China Enterprise Communications |url=https://www.telegeography.com/products/commsupdate/articles/2008/06/18/tata-communications-to-acquire-50-of-china-enterprise-communications/ |website=telegeography.com |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref> || Telecommunications || {{w|Tata Communications}}
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| 2008 || August 24 || Controversy || {{w|Singur Tata Nano controversy}}: {{w|Mamata Banerjee}} starts indefinite {{w|dharna}} (a non-violent sit-in protest) at {{w|Singur}} outside the car plant.<ref name="dfrd"/> || {{w|Automotive industry}} || {{w|Tata Motors}}
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| 2008 || September 2 || Controversy || {{w|Singur Tata Nano controversy}}: {{w|Tata Motors}} suspends work on [[{{w:tata nano:|Tata Nano Plant]] }} plant at {{w|Singur}}.<ref name="dfrd"/> || {{w|Automotive industry}} || {{w|Tata Motors}}
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| 2008 || October || Acquisition || {{w|TATA Motors}} acquires 50.3% majority stake in Norway's Miljo Grenland Innovasjon.<ref>{{cite web |title=TATA Motors acquires stake in Miljo Grenland Innovasjon |url=https://steelguru.com/steel/tata-motors-acquires-stake-in-miljo-grenland-innovasjon/66788 |website=steelguru.com |accessdate=1 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=TATA Motors acquires stake in Miljo Grenland Innovasjon |url=https://steelguru.com/steel/tata-motors-acquires-stake-in-miljo-grenland-innovasjon/66788 |website=steelguru.com |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Automotive industry}} || {{w|Tata Motors}}
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| 2008 || October || Controversy || {{w|Singur Tata Nano controversy}}: {{w|Tata Motors}} decides to move out its [[{{w:tata nano:|Tata Nano Plant]] }} plant at {{w|Singur}}, and announces new plant at {{w|Sanand}} in {{w|Gujarat}}.<ref name="dfrd"/> || {{w|Automotive industry}} || {{w|Tata Motors}}
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| 2008 || November || Acquisition || {{w|NTT Docomo}} acquires 26.5% stake in {{w|Tata Teleservices}} and offers services under the {{w|Tata Docomo}} brand.<ref name="NTT says Tata-Docomo">{{cite web |title=NTT says Tata-Docomo row resolved, to invest $160 million in Netmagic |url=https://www.livemint.com/Industry/GfMcADvcbzfn0wWp0TUNKP/NTT-says-TataDocomo-row-resolved-to-invest-160-million-in.html |website=livemint.com |accessdate=22 September 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Telecommunications}} || {{w|Tata Teleservices}}
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