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Timeline of bacteriology

4,758 bytes added, 11:35, 27 September 2020
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This is a '''timeline of bacteriology''', attempting to describe important events in the development of the field. For the treatment of bacterial diseases, visit {{w|Timeline of antibiotics}}.
==Big picture==
! Time period !! Development summary
|-
| 17th century || Experimental explorations with microorganisms is already conducted in that this century.<ref name="=History of Bacteriology">{{cite journal|last1=Kreuder‐Sonnen|first1=Katharina|title=History of Bacteriology|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/9780470015902.a0003073.pub2}}</ref>
|-
| 18th century || Botanists and zoologists try to structure and classify the world of the invisible living organisms.<ref name="=History of Bacteriology"/>
|-
| 2 billion BC || || A bacterium becomes symbiotic with the cell from which animals and plants later develop. Chromosomes from this bacterium’s mitochondria would later carry 37 genes in the human body.<ref name="Timeline of Microbiology">{{cite web|title=Timeline of Microbiology|url=http://www.timelines.ws/subjects/Microbiology.HTML|website=timelines.ws|accessdate=14 February 2018}}</ref> ||
|-
| 220 million BC || || Bacteria and single-celled animals and plants from this period become encased in tree resin on the northern edge of the {{w|Tethys Ocean}}. Scientists in 2006 study the organisms in amber of this time from a town in the Italian Dolomites. {{w|Ciliate}}s and {{w|amoeba}} in the amber appear identical to modern examples.<ref name="Timeline of Microbiology"/> ||
|-
| 1590 || Scientific development || Dutch spectacle-maker {{w|Zacharias Janssen}} and his brother {{w|Hans Janssen}} produce the operational compound microscope.<ref name="History of Virology and Bacteriology"/> ||
| 1762 || Scientific development || Austrian medical doctor Marcus Antonius Von Plenciz in Vienna publishes a germ theory of infectious diseases and reports that each disease is caused by a separate organism.<ref name="History of Virology and Bacteriology"/><ref>{{cite book|last1=Murchie|first1=Guy|title=The Seven Mysteries of Life: An Exploration in Science & Philosophy|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Cq0AqNmeaHYC&pg=PA101&dq=%22in+1762%22+%22Von+Plenciz%22+%22germ%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwia3IjV16bZAhUBgpAKHYRlCz0Q6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201762%22%20%22Von%20Plenciz%22%20%22germ%22&f=false}}</ref><ref name="Textbook of Microbiology">{{cite book|last1=Vasanthakumari|first1=R.|title=Textbook of Microbiology|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=HX_vyjBbAkkC&pg=PT18&dq=%22in+1762%22+%22Von+Plenciz%22+%22germ%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwia3IjV16bZAhUBgpAKHYRlCz0Q6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201762%22%20%22Von%20Plenciz%22%20%22germ%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Chia|first1=Mantak|last2=Dao|first2=Johnathon|title=The Eight Immortal Healers: Taoist Wisdom for Radiant Health|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=VmEoDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT220&dq=%22in+1762%22+%22Von+Plenciz%22+%22germ%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwia3IjV16bZAhUBgpAKHYRlCz0Q6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201762%22%20%22Von%20Plenciz%22%20%22germ%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Austria}}
|-
| 1828 || Scientific development || German naturalist {{w|Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg}} coins introduces new technical terms "bakterium/bakteria", replacing the vaguer "germ" and "miasma."<ref name ''bacterium''="Bacteriology, c.1810-c.1917: Chronology of a Victorian Medical Advance"/><ref name="Introduction to Biotechnology">{{cite book|last1=Saini|first1=B.L.|title=Introduction to Biotechnology|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=JAa47MMf9cYC&pg=PA96&dq=%22in+1800..1850%22+%22bacteriology%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwij5KWSp6TZAhVJl5AKHVe5AkIQ6AEINTAD#v=onepage&q=%22in%201800..1850%22%20%22bacteriology%22&f=false|accessdate=14 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Breverton|first1=Terry|title=Breverton's Encyclopedia of Inventions: A Compendium of Technological Leaps, Groundbreaking Discoveries and Scientific Breakthroughs that Changed the World|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=VepgBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT206&dq=%22in+1828%22+Christian+Gottfried+Ehrenberg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj4meTJ2abZAhXBDJAKHdXhB8YQ6AEIPDAE#v=onepage&q=%22in%201828%22%20Christian%20Gottfried%20Ehrenberg&f=false}}</ref> ||
|-
| 1835 || Scientific development || Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg coins the term ''Bacillus'' to contain rod-shaped bacteria.<ref>{{cite book|title=Biofilms in the Food and Beverage Industries|edition=P M Fratamico, B A Annous, N W Guenther|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=9LmkAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA271&dq=%22in+1835%22+Ehrenberg+++bacillus&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiPiefsg6fZAhUKlpAKHTHTA-wQ6AEIOzAE#v=onepage&q=%22in%201835%22%20Ehrenberg%20%20%20bacillus&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Breverton|first1=Terry|title=Breverton's Encyclopedia of Inventions: A Compendium of Technological Leaps, Groundbreaking Discoveries and Scientific Breakthroughs that Changed the World|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=VepgBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT206&dq=%22in+1835%22+Ehrenberg+++bacillus&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiPiefsg6fZAhUKlpAKHTHTA-wQ6AEIQDAF#v=onepage&q=%22in%201835%22%20Ehrenberg%20%20%20bacillus&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Islam|first1=M. Tofazzal|last2=Rahman|first2=Mahfuz|last3=Pandey|first3=Piyush|last4=Jha|first4=Chaitanya Kumar|last5=Aeron|first5=Abhinav|title=Bacilli and Agrobiotechnology|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=sfYODgAAQBAJ&pg=PA311&dq=%22in+1835%22+Ehrenberg+++bacillus&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiPiefsg6fZAhUKlpAKHTHTA-wQ6AEILDAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201835%22%20Ehrenberg%20%20%20bacillus&f=false}}</ref> ||
| 1886 || Scientific development || German agricultural chemist {{w|Hermann Hellriegel}} and {{w|Hermann Wilfarth}} establish the relationship between legumes and nitrogen fixing bacteria.<ref name="History of Virology and Bacteriology"/> ||
|-
| 1886 || Scientific development || F. Frankel isolates Pneumococcus bacteria.<ref name="History of Virology and Bacteriology"/><ref>{{cite book|last1=BAGYARAJ|first1=D. J.|last2=RANGASWAMI|first2=G.|title=AGRICULTURAL MICROBIOLOGY|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=shiA41L-rTIC&pg=PA8&dq=1886+++F.+Frankel+isolates+Pneumococcus+bacteria&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiCrMKlrPXaAhXEf5AKHbvyBjAQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=1886%20%20%20F.%20Frankel%20isolates%20Pneumococcus%20bacteria&f=false}}</ref> ||
|-
| 1886 || Publication || E.M. Crookshank publishes ''An Introduction to Practical Bacteriology. Based Upon the Methods of Koch''.<ref name="Bacteriology, c.1810-c.1917: Chronology of a Victorian Medical Advance"/> || {{w|United States}}
| 1947 || Scientific development || American molecular biologist {{w|Joshua Lederberg}} shows that bacteria can exchange and recombine genes.<ref name="A to Z of Biologists"/> ||
|-
| 1951 || Publication || The ''{{w|International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology}}'' is established. <ref>{{cite web|title=International Journal Of Systematic And Evolutionary Microbiology (IJSEM) Puts Archive Online For Free|url=http://www.science20.com/news_releases/international_journal_of_systematic_and_evolutionary_microbiology_ijsem_puts_archive_online_for_free|website=science20.com|accessdate=8 May 2018}}</ref> ||
|-
| 1952 || Scientific development || American biologists {{w|Norton Zinder}} and {{w|Joshua Lederberg}} discover the transduction in bacteria.<ref name="History of Virology and Bacteriology"/> ||
{{funding info}} is available.
 
===Feedback and comments===
 
Feedback for the timeline can be provided at the following places:
 
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/1571123569819826/permalink/2643838912548281/ Microbiology Research Group] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/2064163863629746/permalink/3334520206594099/ Microbiology Study Group] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/155359696881/permalink/10158928980296882/ Microbiology & Immunology Research] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/364993417607379/permalink/794192238020826 Microbiology Notes] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/mmmimmunedreams/permalink/1468700499987724/ microbiome memes modulating immune dreams] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/121052094770118/permalink/1374391232769525/ Cellular Biology, Bacteria, Fungi and Viruses] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/560636171514842/permalink/650080732570385/ Food& water Microbiology] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/mahmud.mbo/permalink/10157833603010819 Microbiology Research Group] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/135881236793/permalink/10157595546471794/ Medical Microbiology & Immunology] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/735005890187138/permalink/1331764930511228/ SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/228803238222063/permalink/321598292275890/ All World Biotechnology🔬 and Microbiology student's 🔬] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/918828021821686/permalink/1177911272580025/ El mundo de las bacterias] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/212983514320/permalink/10158706317509321/ Microbiology & Immunology] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/30179327242/permalink/10158589167887243/ Medical and Pharmaceutical Microbiology] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/amazingmicrobiology/permalink/3593916750641413 Amazing Microbiology (Nepal)] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/30179327242/permalink/10158589167887243/ Medical and Pharmaceutical Microbiology] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/557934550939365/permalink/3384042778328514/ Microbiology] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/524131408044046/permalink/1073171273140054/ Bacteriology Lovers & Lerners] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/Microbiologyforhumanwelfare/permalink/2214707342008907 MICROBIOLOGY FOR HUMAN WELFARE] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/16804414019/permalink/10158483488024020 Sandle's Pharmaceutical Microbiology] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/160814831881567/permalink/249125929717123 Microbiology Research Group] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/344636219031906/permalink/1589600344535481/ Basic Research in Bacteriology] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/126994007394292/permalink/3353305274763133/ •Micro::Molecular•biology- biotechnology] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/129541257712234/permalink/605281856804836 Microbiology] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/444433399700524/permalink/835221020621758 NIGERIAN INFECTIOUS DISEASES SOCIETY (NIDS)] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/VIRGO.InfectionControlToday/posts/10157365125171160 Infection Control Today] Facebook group
* [https://www.facebook.com/groups/2012590005641569/permalink/2777863002447595/ IFCAI - INFECTION CONTROL ACADEMY OF INDIA] Facebook group
===What the timeline is still missing===
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_taxonomy][http://www.timelines.ws/subjects/Microbiology.HTML], [http://www.victorianweb.org/science/biology/bacteriology/chronology.html], [http://www.biologydiscussion.com/virology/history-of-virology-and-bacteriology/23790]
[https://www.britannica.com/science/bacteriology]
==See also==
 
* [[Timeline of infection control]]
* [[Timeline of virology]]
==External links==
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