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| 1918 || {{w|Diphtheria}} || Hospital use || Weaver reports that over a two-year period the incidence of diphtheria contracted by attendants of infected patients was reduced to zero after wearing masks of double thickness gauze.<ref name="History of Surgical Face Masks"/> "In 1918, Weaver11 reported a decreased incidence of diphtheria contracted by healthcare providers from infected patients when masks were worn. "<ref name="Aschenbrenner"/> ||
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| 1918 || {{w|Influenza}} || || During the {{w|1918 flu pandemic}}, people again starts to wear face masks. However, while the practice whould endure in China due to continued outbreaks, it would be largely forgotten in the United States and other countries.<ref name="autodesk.comss">{{cite web |title=99% Invisible Podcast: History of Face Masks and the Power of PPE in Pandemics |url=https://www.autodesk.com/redshift/history-of-face-masks/ |website=autodesk.com |accessdate=11 September 2020}}</ref><ref name="We share what we exhale"/> || || [[File:1918 at Spanish Flu Ward Walter Reed (cropped).jpg|thumb|center|200px|A nurse wears a cloth mask while treating a patient in Washington, DC]]
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| 1918 || {{w|Influenza}} || || The U.S. {{w|Academy of Medicine}} recommends that masks be worn to avoid the spread of flu among health staff.<ref name="newseye.euv"/> || {{w|United States}} || [[File:1918 at Spanish Flu Ward Walter Reed (cropped).jpg|thumb|center|200px|A nurse wears a cloth mask while treating a patient in Washington, DC]]
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| 1918 || {{w|Influenza}} || || During the {{w|1918 flu pandemic}}, the {{w|Red Cross}} encourages women to sew masks.<ref name="sideeffectspublicmedia.orgu">{{cite web |title=COVID-19 Mask Makers Are Part Of A Larger History |url=https://www.sideeffectspublicmedia.org/post/covid-19-mask-makers-are-part-larger-history |website=sideeffectspublicmedia.org |accessdate=17 September 2020}}</ref> || || [[File:Spanish flu in 1918, Police officers in masks, Seattle Police Department detail, from- 165-WW-269B-25-police-l (cropped).jpg|thumb|center|200px|Seattle police wearing masks in December 1918]]
