Changes

| 800 BC || {{w|Disinfectant}} introduction || || The oldest reference to disinfection of premises with a chemical product seems to be that described by [[w:Homer (Homero)|Homer]] in book xii of the ''{{w|Odyssey}}'', where the hero, having killed his rivals, demands that sulphur be burnt in the house which they had occupied.<ref name="oie.int"/> ||

| 1523 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Plague}} || During a plague outbreak in {{w|Birgu}}, {{w|Malta}}, the town is cordoned off by guards to prevent the disease from spreading to the rest of the island.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Luttrell |first1=Anthony |title=The Making of Christian Malta: From the Early Middle Ages to 1530 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=c3BQDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA56&lpg=PA56&dq=Birgu+1523+plague+cordon&source=bl&ots=9sNART0OXM&sig=ACfU3U0_1gDnIW6jrnPXQFSGqOenvf6O6A&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi8gPTa6MfpAhWcGbkGHfUkAQsQ6AEwAHoECAsQAQ#v=onepage&q=Birgu%201523%20plague%20cordon&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Malta}}

| 1666 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Plague}} || The English village of {{w|Eyam}} famously imposes a cordon sanitaire on itself after an outbreak of the {{w|bubonic plague}} in the community.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Brauer |first1=Fred |last2=Castillo-Chavez |first2=Carlos |last3=Feng |first3=Zhilan |title=Mathematical Models in Epidemiology |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Qm21DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA40&dq=%221666%22+%22eyam%22+%22plague%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiC87WqkMjpAhX_F7kGHWvjBCYQ6AEIYzAH#v=onepage&q=%221666%22%20%22eyam%22%20%22plague%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Rhodes |first1=Ebenezer |title=Peak Scenery; Or, The Derbyshire Tourist |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=RjhAAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA31&dq=%221666%22+%22eyam%22+%22plague%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiC87WqkMjpAhX_F7kGHWvjBCYQ6AEIbjAI#v=onepage&q=%221666%22%20%22eyam%22%20%22plague%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}}

| 1708–1712 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Plague}} || A broad cordon sanitaire is extended around the border of the former Duchy of Prussia during a plague outbreak. Those crossing into the exclave are quarantined.<ref>{{cite web |title=Great Northern War plague outbreak |url=https://alchetron.com/Great-Northern-War-plague-outbreak |website=alchetron.com |accessdate=7 July 2020}}</ref> || {{w|Russia}}

| 1719 || {{w|Disinfectant}} introduction || || {{w|Thymol}} is first isolated by the German chemist [[w:Caspar Neumann (chemist)|Caspar Neumann]].<ref>{{cite journal|first=Carolo |last=Neuman |date=1724 |title=De Camphora |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London |volume=33 |issue=389 |pages=321–332 |url=http://rstl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/33/381-391/321.full.pdf+html |doi=10.1098/rstl.1724.0061|doi-access=free }} On page 324, Neumann mentions that in 1719 (MDCCXIX) he distilled some essential oils from various herbs. On page 326, he mentions that during the course of these experiments, he obtained a crystalline substance from thyme oil, which he called "''Camphora Thymi''" ([[{{w|camphor]] }} of thyme). (Neumann gave the name "camphor" not only to the specific substance that today is called camphor, but to any crystalline substance that precipitated from a volatile, fragrant oil from some plant.)</ref> || {{w|Germany}}

| 1770 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Plague}} || [[w:House of Habsburg|Habsburg]] {{w|Empress Maria Theresa}} sets up a {{w|cordon sanitaire}} between {{w|Austria}} and the {{w|Ottoman Empire}} to prevent people and goods infected with plague from crossing the border. Cotton and wool are held in storehouses for weeks, with peasants paid to sleep on the bales and monitored to see if they show signs of disease.<ref>{{cite web |title=Top 10 Historic Ways To Beat Plagues |url=https://listverse.com/2020/04/18/top-10-historic-ways-to-beat-plagues/ |website=listverse.com |accessdate=26 May 2020}}</ref> || {{w|Austrian Empire}} region

| 1771 || Policy || Epizootic infection || Policy is introduced in France stipulating that animals killed or dead from epizootic disease may not be abandoned in forests, thrown into rivers or placed on rubbish dumps, nor may they be buried in stables, courtyards, gardens or elsewhere within the precincts of towns and villages.<ref name="oie.int"/> || {{w|France}}

| 1793 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Yellow fever}} || During a yellow fever epidemic in {{w|Philadelphia}}, roads and bridges leading to the city are blocked off by soldiers from the local militia to prevent the illness from spreading.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cohn |first1=Samuel K. |title=Yellow Fever |doi=10.1093/oso/9780198819660.003.0018 |url=https://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/oso/9780198819660.001.0001/oso-9780198819660-chapter-18}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}

| 1794 || Protection method || {{w|Plague}} || English physician {{w|Erasmus Darwin}} recommends that if cattle plague are introduced into England, all cattle within a five mile radius of any confirmed outbreak should be 'immediately slaughtered, and consumed within the circumscribed district; and their hides put into quicklime before proper inspectors'.<ref name="oie.int"/> || {{w|United Kingdom}}

| 1813–1814 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Plague}} || During the {{w|1813–1814 Malta plague epidemic}}, cordon sanitaires are implemented in the main urban settlements and rural settlements with a high mortality rate. People are prevented from entering or leaving.<ref>{{cite web |title=Inspector of Hospitals Ralph Green – Introduction |url=http://www.maltaramc.com/articles/contents/plague1813.html |website=maltaramc.com |accessdate=7 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Aspects of the demography of modern Malta.: a study of the human geography of the Maltese Islands |url=http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/9175/2/6106-vol2.pdf?UkUDh:CyT |website=etheses.dur.ac.uk |accessdate=7 July 2020}}</ref> || {{w|Malta}}

| 1821 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || Concept development || The term {{w|cordon sanitaire}} dates to this year.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Smart |first1=William |title=Economic Annals of the Nineteenth Century ...: 1821-1830 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=vgjRAAAAMAAJ&q=cordon+sanitaire+1821&dq=cordon+sanitaire+1821&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHp6-z983pAhXCILkGHesIDB8Q6AEIVDAF}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bourgon |first1=Jean Ignace Joseph |title=Abrégé de l'histoire de France, Volume 2 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=KVEvAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA826&dq=cordon+sanitaire+1821&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHp6-z983pAhXCILkGHesIDB8Q6AEIdzAJ#v=onepage&q=cordon%20sanitaire%201821&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Salas-Vives |first1=Pere |last2=Pujadas-Mora |first2=Joana-Maria |title=Cordons Sanitaires and the Rationalisation Process in Southern Europe (Nineteenth-Century Majorca) |doi=10.1017/mdh.2018.25 |pmid=29886862 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6113753/}}</ref> || {{w|France}}

| 1829 || {{w|Disinfectant}} introduction || || {{w|Lugol's iodine}} is first made by French physician {{w|Jean Guillaume Auguste Lugol}}.<ref name=Pre2009>{{cite book|last1=Preedy|first1=Victor R.|last2=Burrow|first2=Gerard N.|last3=Watson|first3=Ronald Ross|title=Comprehensive Handbook of Iodine: Nutritional, Biochemical, Pathological and Therapeutic Aspects|date=2009|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=9780080920863|page=135|language=en|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812100039/https://books.google.ca/books?id=7v7g5XoCQQwC&pg=PA135}}</ref><ref name=Sn2005>{{cite book|last1=Sneader|first1=Walter|title=Drug Discovery: A History|date=2005|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9780471899792|page=67|language=en|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170826071343/https://books.google.ca/books?id=Cb6BOkj9fK4C&pg=PA67}}</ref> || {{w|France}}

| 1856 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Yellow fever}} || A cordon sanitaire is implemented in several cities during the yellow fever epidemic. ||

| 1869 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Cholera}} || French epidemiologist {{w|Achille Adrien Proust}} (father of novelist {{w|Marcel Proust}}) proposes the use of an international {{w|cordon sanitaire}} to control the spread of {{w|cholera}}, which emerged from {{w|India}} and, and threatening Europe and Africa at the time. Proust proposes that all ships bound for Europe from India and Southeast Asia be quarantined at {{w|Suez}}, however his ideas would not be generally embraced.<ref>{{cite web |title=Böses Komma |url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/kultur/literatur-und-seuchengeschichte-boeses-komma-1.4914831 |website=sueddeutsche.de |accessdate=26 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=MARCEL PROUST and the medicine of the Belle Epoque |url=https://www.rsm.ac.uk/media/2060/marcel-proust-exhibition-booklet.pdf |website=rsm.ac.uk |accessdate=26 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chantre |first1=Luc |title=Entre pandémie et panislamisme |doi=10.4000/assr.25258 |url=https://journals.openedition.org/assr/25258?lang=it}}</ref> || {{w|France}}

| 1882 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Yellow fever}} || In response to a virulent outbreak of {{w|yellow fever}} in {{w|Brownsville, Texas}}, and in northern Mexico, a {{w|cordon sanitaire}} is established 180 miles north of the city, terminating at the Rio Grande to the west and the Gulf of Mexico to the east.<ref>{{cite web |title=Part II: Yellow Fever Comes to the Valley |url=https://www.valleymorningstar.com/2016/08/07/part-ii-yellow-fever-comes-to-the-valley/ |website=valleymorningstar.com |accessdate=27 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Encyclopedia of Pestilence, Pandemics, and Plagues |url=https://www.academia.dk/MedHist/Sygdomme/PDF/Encyclopedia_of_Pestilence_Pandemics_and_Plagues.pdf |website=academia.dk |accessdate=27 May 2020}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}

| 1883 || Protection method || || Sterile gowns and caps are invented by German surgeon {{w|Gustav Adolf Neuber}} using a form of autoclave.<ref name="Rogers"/> || {{w|Germany}}

| 1888 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || || During a yellow fever epidemic, the city of {{w|Jacksonville}}, {{w|Florida}}, is surrounded by an armed cordon sanitaire by order of Governor Edward A. Perry.<ref>{{cite web |title=1888 Epidemic in Jacksonville |url=http://exhibits.lib.usf.edu/exhibits/show/discovering-florida/disease/1888-epidemic-in-jacksonville |website=exhibits.lib.usf.edu |accessdate=22 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Annual report of the Surgeon General |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=YCr5AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA40&dq=1888+Cordon+sanitaire++yellow+fever+Jacksonville&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi4_c7hlMjpAhXJF7kGHUWzAeYQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=1888%20Cordon%20sanitaire%20%20yellow%20fever%20Jacksonville&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}

| 1894 || {{w|Disinfectant}} introduction || || English industrialist {{w|William Lever, 1st Viscount Leverhulme}} introduces the first mass-produced {{w|carbolic soap}} to the market, [[w:Lifebuoy (soap)|Lifebuoy]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lifebuoy.com/about-us/history-of-health/ |title=Country Selector |accessdate=2014-10-16 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006155150/http://www.lifebuoy.com/about-us/history-of-health/ |archivedate=2014-10-06 }} A History of Health, lifebuoy.com</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}}

| 1897 || Protection method || || Kilmer publishes a classical paper entitled ''Modern Surgical Dressings''.<ref name="Rogers"/> ||

| 1899 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Plague}} || An outbreak of {{w|plague}} in {{w|Honolulu}} is managed by a cordon sanitaire around the Chinatown district. In an attempt to control the infection, a barbed wire perimeter is created and people's belongings and homes are burned.<ref>{{cite web |title=Plague in San Francisco: 1900, the Year of the Rat |url=https://www.niaid.nih.gov/about/joseph-kinyoun-indispensable-man-plague-san-francisco |website=niaid.nih.gov |accessdate=26 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=When epidemics change the world: Can we learn anything from the third plague pandemic? |url=https://sciencenordic.com/denmark-epidemic-history/when-epidemics-change-the-world-can-we-learn-anything-from-the-third-plague-pandemic/1685595 |website=sciencenordic.com |accessdate=26 May 2020}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}

| 1900–1904 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Plague}} || "During the San Francisco plague of 1900–1904 San Francisco's Chinatown was subjected to a cordon sanitaire" ||

| 1903–1914 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Trypanosomiasis}} || The Belgian colonial government imposes a cordon sanitaire on Uele Province in the {{w|Belgian Congo}} to control outbreaks of {{w|trypanosomiasis}} (sleeping sickness).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lyons |first1=Maryinez |title=From ‘Death Camps’ to Cordon Sanitaire: The Development of Sleeping Sickness Policy in the Uele District of the Belgian Congo, 1903–19141 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700023094 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/from-death-camps-to-cordon-sanitaire-the-development-of-sleeping-sickness-policy-in-the-uele-district-of-the-belgian-congo-190319141/5219FA5E652897DD974E3B86E546C8A5}}</ref> || {{w|Congo D.R}}

| 1918 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || Influenza || "The 1918 flu pandemic spread so rapidly that, in general, there was no time to implement cordons sanitaires. However, to prevent an introduction of the infection, residents of Gunnison, Colorado isolated themselves from the surrounding area for two months at the end of 1918. All highways were barricaded near the county lines" ||

| 1918 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || Influenza || In the [[w:South Pacific Ocean|South Pacific]], the [[w:List of governors of American Samoa|Governor of]] {{w|American Samoa}}, {{w|John Martin Poyer}}, imposed a reverse ''{{w|cordon sanitaire}}'' of the islands from all incoming ships, successfully achieving zero deaths within the territory during the influenza epidemic.<ref>[https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5386&context=etd Peter Oliver Okin, ''The Yellow Flag of Quarantine: An Analysis of the Historical and Prospective Impacts of Socio-Legal Controls Over Contagion'', doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida, January 2012; p. 232]</ref> In contrast, the neighboring [[w:Occupation of German Samoa|New Zealand-controlled]] [[w:Western Samoa Trust Territory|Western Samoa]] is among the hardest hit, with a 90% infection rate and over 20% of its adults dying from the disease.<ref>[http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/jmpoyer.htm John Poyer, Commander, US Navy, Navy Cross citation]</ref> || {{w|American Samoa}}, [[w:Western Samoa Trust Territory|Western Samoa]]

| 1933 || {{w|Disinfectant}} introduction || || Soap-solubilized formulation containing {{w|chloroxylenol }} and {{w|terpineol }} is introduced by Colebrook and Maxted.<ref name="Hugo"/> ||

| 1934 || Literature Publication || || Weeden Underwood writes an early textbook on sterilization called Textbook on Sterilization.<ref name="Rogers"/> || {{w|United States}}

| 1936 || Literature Publication || || Ernest Carr McCulloch publishes ''Disinfection and Sterilization''.<ref name="Rogers"/> ||

| 1942 || Disinfectant research || Bacterial infection || {{w|Amidine}}s are studied as antitrypanocidal drugs are shown to be antibacterial by Fuller.<ref name="Hugo"/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=DAWES |first1=G. S. |author1=Department of Pharmacology, Oxford |title=AMIDINES, GUANIDINES AND ADRENALINE INACTIVATION IN THE LIVER |url=https://bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1476-5381.1946.tb00024.x}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Antibacterial Action of Some Aromatic Amines, Amidines, Amidoximes, Guanidines and Diguanides |url=https://watermark.silverchair.com/bj0410403.pdf?token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW_Ercy7Dm3ZL_9Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAA3QwggNwBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggNhMIIDXQIBADCCA1YGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQM4oPUaMtlnrs5J5GbAgEQgIIDJ5LZfG93ZAjy_m9tqiZXM3u_pUpIMoEQY0qTZYWLoOeQb2BOqaNTRE8PG_M_uWktdL-_Eor0Ghahs3ccffmC-LHss0zGOYuJNx-suepvjNNGySjg9dF_qPufa6vxjFc0BZ6hnm2RPDacOZh3-XLcS45yM__HENxwXZTEf6I9_W219DrktG1M9-DGjBYVx9qURZ2Wf49JEajvIhUYd3FGZOXWypAUktp65y0sjkF7e9AiB88nUTMjVq2qT4sEuEIfkiVnVmA3lq6Q9fw2hcO2hmqiXOot37TLoBrg4AMhjKZbyjibmrdwC-1sUfgEQBOf-25Sc2IAMGdZn96P1eUoOky-LuxAPiVCketI2j2klvQGBBFI70JpeST58DtkSwbR6CzvNvaSf-HCB75SjSoyn0pvjYw-bOWV7CvfdZA878G0z-kSxXNukzqqhf2Q4N3oQUy2GFkf_JPLFBOZNhV4tfUlBztCdhifpEQDmdoC0evUTrva0zfuJPH4_CqU4oZsYFQpHauPf5ymyO_vFuuk9bXlIBgM0nq6PIzuiSSzwXJbElIQpUm-Ty0kcarMgEhL1CF0barAURFZLzsaLo8yyzMegASCAoe2cNUrUCyGtCKY0UeLlracD1T4vqEsZV9Tk1trjcEDSSv11QD52tf3FzS6nHMQRyhKfRhCubL7iCXAWkvCK68osHFoF-abmYUz5NKj2GdHiqWegtDoqLHmrYpIQ2bRXEBG6991YpcgtFrZTt7lOxK_R5E5w9BeXv0yf7n9cAuQ9bF9ABGebOZqKSZYrhCrLNul6KksyRUl5970_8dh8sKrlpw4Zt68eteTpn8QygYsczMcm2-5rvjw4MeK_9oF0QyKPwnyMvDecYOMbLFoX9_6oL8oSAsz58wsPjfroTXF38k_7WGJVeEdTLxqMoDGeEWeO92avE4MHQ9EJfsuCRZGdSfyB_GwTZ1be32Am3m3IPJGOIn38mV28Pkgj6GEXaNJRizIwwkgmhSpkicHgfFTOR3t2AxMmqdRA_qLMeQ8eIUpJTAfh7Jbep3-Mq8OKI7XFOYNZHNN_bDVoayqBrue3g |website=watermark.silverchair.com |accessdate=26 May 2020}}</ref> ||

| 1959 || Medical development || || {{w|Exeter}} microbiologist Brendan Moore becomes the first appointed Infection Control Nurse.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wilson |first1=Jennie |title=Infection Control in Clinical Practice Updated Edition E-Book |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=hol-DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA75&lpg=PA75&dq=1959+The+first+Infection+Control+Nurse&source=bl&ots=EIfEmcPzM_&sig=ACfU3U0OvfzYJWMJmZKsXGnmXlwEY3PZqA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwir3pPS2c3pAhWtLLkGHXDNAb4Q6AEwBXoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=1959%20The%20first%20Infection%20Control%20Nurse&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The 'Rediscovery' of Infection, 1957-1970 |url=https://kingscollections.org/exhibitions/archives/from-microbes-to-matrons/chronology/the-rediscovery-of-infection |website=kingscollections.org |accessdate=24 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Infection Prevention and Control |url=https://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/servlet/DCARead?standardNo=9780470059074&standardNoType=1&excerpt=true |website=worldcat.org |accessdate=24 May 2020}}</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}}

| 1962 || Disinfection method introduction || || Robert McDonald invents the prehumidification step for effective ethylene oxide sterilization.<ref name="Rogers"/> ||

| 1962 || Disinfectant research || || The first antimicrobial indications of dialdehydes, e.g., {{w|glutaldehyde}}, are described by Pepper and Liebermann.<ref name="Rogers"/> ||

| 1963 || Disinfection method introduction || || The first gamma irradiator is used in the United States for sterilization of medical devices.<ref name="Rogers"/> ||

| 1963 || {{w|Disinfectant}} introduction || || Gaseous {{w|propylene oxide}} is used to sterilize and de-infest food products.<ref name="Rogers"/> ||

| 1963 || Scientific development || Microbial infection || Guerin shows that desiccated microbes are more resistant to ozone than hydrated cells.<ref name="Rogers"/> ||

| 1964 || Disinfection method introduction || || {{w|Johnson and Johnson}} provides commercial {{w|gamma irradiation}}.<ref name="Rogers"/> ||

| 1964 || Disinfection method introduction || || Armstrong discovers a gaseous ozone sterilization process.<ref name="Rogers"/> ||

| 1965 || Disinfectant research || || Sydney Rubbo and Joan Gardner show that {{w|glutaraldehyde }} is not only more effective than {{w|formaldehyde }} but also less irritating.<ref name="Rogers"/> ||

| 1966 || Disinfection method introduction || || Alder and co-workers develop a low temperature steam and {{w|formaldehyde }} system similar to high vacuum steam sterilization but operating at 65-80°C.<ref name="Rogers"/> ||

| 1967 || Disinfectant research || || Saul Kaye demonstrates that formic acid is microcidal synergistic with {{w|ethylene oxide}} and other epoxides.<ref name="Rogers"/> ||

| 1968 || Concept development || || Paul Borick describes and defines chemosterilizers{{w|chemosterilizer}}s.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Borick |first1=Paul M. |title=Chemical Sterilizers (Chemosterilizers). |doi=10.1016/S0065-2164(08)70195-3 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0065216408701953 |accessdate=25 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Thomas |first1=Sonyja |last2=Russell |first2=A. Denver |title=Temperature-induced changes in the sporicidal activity and chemical properties of glutaraldehyde. |doi=10.1128/aem.28.3.331-335.1974 |url=https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Temperature-induced-changes-in-the-sporicidal-and-Thomas-Russell/88a8b63039102e2ad6fb7a4b24521213294fc74d}}</ref> ||

| 1969 || Disinfection research || || Marcel Reynolds discovers the feasibility of using thermo-irradiation as sterilization of {{w|spacecraft}}.<ref name="Rogers"/> ||

| 1995 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Ebola}} || A {{w|cordon sanitaire}} is used to control an outbreak of {{w|Ebola}} virus disease in {{w|Kikwit}}, Zaire.<ref>{{cite web |title=ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN THE USE OF CORDONS SANITAIRES |url=https://www.clinicalcorrelations.org/2015/02/19/ethical-considerations-in-the-use-of-cordons-sanitaires/ |website=clinicalcorrelations.org |accessdate=25 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Muyembe-Tamfum |first1=J J |last2=Kipasa |first2=M |last3=Kiyungu |first3=C |last4=Colebunders |first4=R |title=Ebola Outbreak in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Discovery and Control Measures |doi=10.1086/514302 |pmid=9988192 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9988192/ |accessdate=25 May 2020}}</ref> || {{w|Congo D.R.}}

| 1995 || Statistics || {{w|Hospital-acquired infection}} || || The {{w|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention}} estimates that approximately 1.9 million cases of {{w|hospital-acquired infection}} occurred in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |title=Frequently Asked Questions |url=https://www.ncsl.org/research/health/hospital-acquired-infections-faq.aspx |website=ncsl.org |accessdate=2 April 2020}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}

| 2002 2001 || Publication Protection ({{w|hand washing}}) || || The {{w|Royal Australian College Global Handwashing Partnership (GHP) is established as a coalition of General Practitioners}} publishes international stakeholders "working to promote handwashing with soap and recognize hygiene as a revised standard for office-based infection control which covers the sections pillar of managing immunization, sterilization international development and disease surveillancepublic health."<ref name=racgp>{{cite web| last =The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners| title =RACGP Infection Control Standards for Office-based Practices (4th Edition)Global Handwashing Partnership | url =httphttps://www.racgpglobalhandwashing.org.au/infectioncontrol| accessabout-date =8 November 2008| url-status =dead| archive-url =httpsus/#://web.archive.org/web/20081220163900/http~://www.racgp.org.au/infectioncontrol| archive-date text=The%20Global%20Handwashing%20Partnership%20 December 2008| df =dmy-all}}</ref><ref name=sracgp>{{cite web| last =The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners| title =Slides - RACGP Infection Control Standards for Office-based Practices (4th Edition)| url =http://www.racgp.org.au/Content/NavigationMenu/PracticeSupport/StandardsforGeneralPractices/200708RACGP_Infection_Control_StandardsGHP,knowledge%20to%20strengthen%20handwashing%20implementation.pdf| access-date =8 November 2008| url-status =dead| archive-url website=https://web.archiveglobalhandwashing.org/web/20081217113407/http://www.racgp.org.au/Content/NavigationMenu/PracticeSupport/StandardsforGeneralPractices/200708RACGP_Infection_Control_Standards.pdf| archive-date =17 December 2008| df accessdate=dmy-all10 July 2020}}</ref> || {{w|Australia}}

| 2003 2002 || ''{{wPublication ||Cordon sanitaire}}'' || The {{w|Severe acute respiratory syndromeRoyal Australian College of General Practitioners}} || During publishes a revised standard for office-based infection control which covers the [[w:Timeline sections of the SARS outbreak|2003 SARS outbreak]] in Canadamanaging immunization, "community quarantine" is used to successfully reduce transmission of the sterilization and diseasesurveillance.<refname=racgp>{{cite journalweb| pmidlast =20034405 The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners| doititle =10.1186/1471-2458-9RACGP Infection Control Standards for Office-488 based Practices (4th Edition)| pmcurl =2808319 | volumehttps://web.archive.org/web/20081220163900/http://www.racgp.org.au/infectioncontrol}}</ref><ref name=9 sracgp>{{cite web| titlelast =Quantifying the impact of community quarantine on SARS transmission in Ontario: estimation The Royal Australian College of secondary case count difference and number needed to quarantine General Practitioners| yeartitle =2009 Slides - RACGP Infection Control Standards for Office-based Practices (4th Edition)| journalurl =BMC Public Health http://www.racgp.org.au/Content/NavigationMenu/PracticeSupport/StandardsforGeneralPractices/200708RACGP_Infection_Control_Standards.pdf| pageurl =488 | last1 = Bondy | first1 = SJ | last2 = Russell | first2 = ML | last3 = Laflèche | first3 = JM | last4 = Rea | first4 = Ehttps://web.archive.org/web/20081217113407/http://www.racgp.org.au/Content/NavigationMenu/PracticeSupport/StandardsforGeneralPractices/200708RACGP_Infection_Control_Standards.pdf}}</ref> || {{w|CanadaAustralia}}

| 2003 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Severe acute respiratory syndrome}} || During the [[w:Timeline of the SARS outbreak|2003 SARS outbreak]] in Canada, "community quarantine" is used to successfully reduce transmission of the disease.<ref>{{cite journal| pmid=20034405 | doi=10.1186/1471-2458-9-488 | pmc=2808319 | volume=9 | title=Quantifying the impact of community quarantine on SARS transmission in Ontario: estimation of secondary case count difference and number needed to quarantine | year=2009 | journal=BMC Public Health | page=488 | last1 = Bondy | first1 = SJ | last2 = Russell | first2 = ML | last3 = Laflèche | first3 = JM | last4 = Rea | first4 = E}}</ref> || {{w|Canada}}|-| 2003 || Protection (‘‘{{w|cordon sanitaire}}’’) || {{w|Severe acute respiratory syndrome}} || During the 2003 SARS outbreak in mainland {{w|China}}, {{w|Hong Kong}}, {{w|Taiwan}}, and {{w|Singapore}}, large-scale quarantine is imposed on travelers arriving from other SARS areas, work and school contacts of suspected cases, and, in a few instances, entire apartment complexes where high attack rates of SARS were occurring.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cetron |first1=Martin |last2=Maloney |first2=Susan |last3=Koppaka |first3=Ram |last4=Simone |first4=Patricia |title=ISOLATION AND QUARANTINE: CONTAINMENT STRATEGIES FOR SARS 2003 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92450/}}</ref> || {{w|China}}, {{w|Hong Kong}}, {{w|Taiwan}}, {{w|Singapore}}

| 2004 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Ebola}} || A ''cordon sanitaire'' is established around some of the most affected areas of the {{w|2014 West Africa Ebola virus outbreak}}.<ref>[https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6407a4.htm "Community Quarantine to Interrupt Ebola Virus Transmission – Mawah Village, Bong County, Liberia, August–October, 2014," ''Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report,'' February 27, 2015 / 64(07); 179–182.]</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/13/science/using-a-tactic-unseen-in-a-century-countries-cordon-off-ebola-racked-areas.html?_r=0|author=Donald G. McNeil Jr.|newspaper={{w|The New York Times}}|date=August 13, 2014|title=Using a Tactic Unseen in a Century, Countries Cordon Off Ebola-Racked Areas}}</ref> On 19 August, the Liberian government quarantines the entirety of {{w|West Point, Monrovia}} and issued a curfew statewide.<ref name="nbcnews1">{{cite web |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/ebola-virus-outbreak/liberian-soldiers-seal-slum-halt-ebola-n185046 |title=Liberian Soldiers Seal Slum to Halt Ebola |publisher=NBC News |date=2014-08-09 |accessdate=2014-08-23}}</ref> || {{w|Liberia}}

| 2005 || Publication || {{w|Hospital-acquired infection}} || || The {{w|American Thoracic Society}} and {{w|Infectious Diseases Society of America}} publish guidelines suggesting antibiotics specifically for {{w|hospital-acquired pneumonia}}.<ref name="guidelines">{{cite journal |author=American Thoracic Society |author2=Infectious Diseases Society of America |title=Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia |journal=Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. |volume=171 |issue=4 |pages=388–416 |year=2005 |pmid=15699079 |doi=10.1164/rccm.200405-644ST|url=https://semanticscholar.org/paper/c1e3c150b88a50d40302f15a5533bdd6b0da5885 }}</ref> || {{w|United States}}

| 2014 || Protection method ({{w|hand washing}}) || || A study shows that {{w|Saudi Arabia}} has the highest rate of hand washing with soap, with 97 percent; the United States near the middle with 77 percent; and China with the lowest rate of 23 percent.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bva-group.com/sondages/les-francais-et-le-savonnage-des-mains-apres-etre-alle-aux-toilettes/|title=Les Français et le savonnage des mains après être allé aux toilettes|last=BreakingWeb|website=BVA Group|language=fr-FR|access-date=3 April 2020}}</ref> ||

| 2015 || Protection method ({{w|hand washing}}) || || A study of hand washing in 54 countries finds that on average, 38.7% of households practice hand washing with soap. ||

| 2020 || ''Protection (‘‘{{w|Cordon cordon sanitaire}}'' ’’) || {{w|Coronavirus disease 2019}} || A multiple number of lockdowns are imposed worldwide in response to the {{w|2019–20 coronavirus pandemic}}. || Worldwide