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| 1900 || Disinfection research || || Strebel demonstrates the inhibitory action of radioactive substances (radium).<ref name="Rogers"/><ref>{{cite book |last1=Block |first1=Seymour Stanton |title=Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=3f-kPJ17_TYC&pg=PA16&lpg=PA16&dq=1900+Strebel+demonstrates+the+inhibitory+action+of+radioactive+substances+(radium)&source=bl&ots=KnIjGx2QJ4&sig=ACfU3U3f3OdZ0aeBW7LRTX8K7FSjqoTKXA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj7xtiBsc3pAhU2ILkGHfIfCmYQ6AEwCXoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=1900%20Strebel%20demonstrates%20the%20inhibitory%20action%20of%20radioactive%20substances%20(radium)&f=false}}</ref> ||
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| 1900–1904 || Protection (‘‘{{w|cordon sanitaire}}’’) || {{w|Plague}} || "During the {{w|San Francisco plague of 1900–1904 }.} The [[w:Chinatown, San Francisco's |Chinatown was ]] is subjected to a cordon sanitaire" .<ref>{{cite web |title=Plague in San Francisco: 1900, the Year of the Rat |url=https://www.niaid.nih.gov/about/joseph-kinyoun-indispensable-man-plague-san-francisco |website=niaid.nih.gov |accessdate=11 July 2020}}</ref> ||{{w|United States}}
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| 1901 || {{w|Disinfectant}} introduction || Bacterial infection || Meyer conducts the first systematic experiment on the nature of the antibacterial action of {{w|phenol}}s. Meyer shows that the antibacterial action of phenols is paralleled by their distribution between protein and water, suggesting that protein is the prime target.<ref name="Hugo"/> ||
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| 1903 || {{w|Disinfectant}} introduction || Salmonella typhi infection || English chemists Samuel Rideal and J. T. Ainslie Walker propose the phenol coefficient test.<ref name="Rogers"/> The Rideal-Walker test is introduced to evaluate the performance of phenolic disinfectants against Salmonella typhi.<ref name="Hugo"/> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
| 1903–1914 || Protection (‘‘{{w|cordon sanitaire}}’’) || {{w|Trypanosomiasis}} || The Belgian colonial government imposes a cordon sanitaire on Uele Province in the {{w|Belgian Congo}} to control outbreaks of {{w|trypanosomiasis}} (sleeping sickness).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lyons |first1=Maryinez |title=From ‘Death Camps’ to Cordon Sanitaire: The Development of Sleeping Sickness Policy in the Uele District of the Belgian Congo, 1903–19141 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700023094 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/from-death-camps-to-cordon-sanitaire-the-development-of-sleeping-sickness-policy-in-the-uele-district-of-the-belgian-congo-190319141/5219FA5E652897DD974E3B86E546C8A5}}</ref> || {{w|Congo D.R}}
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| 1909 || {{w|Disinfectant}} introduction || Airborne bacteria infection || "A modification of this method was adopted by the American Public Health Association in 1909 as a standard for determining airborne bacteria."<ref name="Hugo"/> ||
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| 1910 || Disinfection method introduction || Microbial infection || Chick and Martin consider microbes are killed by heat by protein coagulation in two stages, first by denaturation of the protein and second by agglutination when protein separates out.<ref name="Rogers"/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=LEPESCHKIN. |first1=W. W. |doi= |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1259127/pdf/biochemj01170-0139.pdf |publisher=From the Botanical Laboratory, the University of Kasan |pmc=1259127|title= THE HEAT-COAGULATION OF PROTEINS}}</ref> ||
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| 1910 || {{w|Disinfectant}} introduction || || Using UV light for disinfection of drinking water dates back to this year in {{w|Marseille, France}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://phc.amedd.army.mil/PHC%20Resource%20Library/Ultraviolet%20Light%20Disinfection%20in%20the%20Use%20of%20Individual%20Water%20Purification%20Devices.pdf |title=Ultraviolet light disinfection in the use of individual water purification devices |publisher=U.S. Army Public Health Command |accessdate=2014-01-08}}</ref> || {{w|France}}
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| 1912 || Disinfectant research || Bacterial infection || E.A. Cooper, working with bacteria and {{w|phenol}}s, concludes that phenols destroy intracellular protein by coagulation.<ref name="Hugo"/> ||
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| 1913 || {{w|Disinfectant}} introduction || {{w|Bacteria}} Bacterial infection || Cooper states that adsorption of phenol onto bacterial cells is the first reaction of the disinfection process.<ref name="Hugo"/> ||
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| 1916 || {{w|Disinfectant}} introduction || {{w|Bacteria}} Bacterial infection || A new agent known as quaternary ammonium salts are first reported by the {{w|Rockefeller Institute}} as having bactericidal properties.<ref name="History and Evolution of Surface Disinfectants"/> || {{w|United States}}
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| 1916 || {{w|Disinfectant}} introduction || Microbial infection || An antimicrobial molecule is introduced. These are organic derivatives of the positively charged ammonium ion where at least one hydrogen atom is substituted by a long chain alkyl radical and the three remaining atoms substituted usually by methyl groups.<ref name="Hugo"/> ||
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| 1916 || Publication || || The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) publishes its first chapteron sterilization in USP Volume 9.<ref name="Rogers"/> || {{w|United States}}
