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| 1936 || || German physicist {{w|Erwin Wilhelm Müller}} invents the {{w|field emission microscope}}.<ref name="Nano- and Microscale Drug Delivery Systems: Design and Fabrication">{{cite book |last1=Grumezescu |first1=Alexandru Mihai |title=Nano- and Microscale Drug Delivery Systems: Design and Fabrication |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=WpIxDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA18&dq=1936+Erwin+Wilhelm+M%C3%BCller+invents+the+field+emission+microscope.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwix1_yzj4rgAhXZIbkGHe8oBq0Q6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&q=1936%20Erwin%20Wilhelm%20M%C3%BCller%20invents%20the%20field%20emission%20microscope.&f=false}}</ref><ref name="History of Microscopes"/><ref name="A Dictionary of Scientists">{{cite book |title=A Dictionary of Scientists |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=AtngooiwXikC&pg=PA389&dq=1936+Erwin+Wilhelm+M%C3%BCller+invents+the+field+emission+microscope.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwix1_yzj4rgAhXZIbkGHe8oBq0Q6AEIQjAF#v=onepage&q=1936%20Erwin%20Wilhelm%20M%C3%BCller%20invents%20the%20field%20emission%20microscope.&f=false}}</ref><ref name="A Biographical Dictionary of People in Engineering: From the Earliest Records Until 2000">{{cite book |last1=Hall |first1=Carl W. |title=A Biographical Dictionary of People in Engineering: From the Earliest Records Until 2000 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=l2492-xSSNoC&pg=PA157&dq=1951+Erwin+Wilhelm+M%C3%BCller+invents+the+field+ion+microscope+and+is+the+first+to+see+atoms.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjkopzVlYzgAhXmHbkGHZeODXAQ6AEILzAB#v=onepage&q=1951%20Erwin%20Wilhelm%20M%C3%BCller%20invents%20the%20field%20ion%20microscope%20and%20is%20the%20first%20to%20see%20atoms.&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Germany}}
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| 1937 || || German physicist {{w|Manfred Von Ardenne}} in {{w|Berlin}} produces the earliest scanning-transmission electron microscope.<ref name="Overview of Electron Microscopy"/> || {{w|Germany}}|- | 1938 || || The Cecil Hall, James Hillier, and Albert Prebus at the {{w|University of Toronto}}, working under the direction of Eli Burton, produce the advanced Toronto Model electron microscopethat would later become the basis for Radio Corporation of America's Model B, the first commercial electron microscope in {{w|North America}}.<ref name="Overview of Electron Microscopy"/> || {{w|Canada}} is developed by |-| 1938 || || {{w|Ernst Ruska}}, who realized that using electrons at {{w|Siemens}} produces the firt commercial {{w|electron microscope}} in microscopy enhanced resolutionthe world."<ref name="History of Microscopes"/> ||{{w|Germany}}
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| 1938 || || [[w:Canadians|Canadian]]-[[w:Americans|American]] scientist and {{w|James Hillier}} designs and builds, with Albert Prebus, the first successful high-resolution {{w|electron microscope}} in {{w|North America}}.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Newberry, Sterling|title=Obituary: James Hillier|journal=Physics Today|date=September 2007|volume=60|issue=9|pages=87–88|url=http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/magazine/physicstoday/article/60/9/10.1063/1.2784698|doi=10.1063/1.2784698}}</ref> || {{w|Canada}}
