62,734
edits
Changes
no edit summary
| 1951 || || German physicist {{w|Wilhelm Müller}} invents the {{w|field ion microscope}} and becomes the first to see {{w|atom}}s.<ref name="The Science Book: Big Ideas Simply Explained">{{cite book |last1=DK |title=The Science Book: Big Ideas Simply Explained |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Z4eKBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT113&dq=1951+Erwin+Wilhelm+M%C3%BCller+invents+the+field+ion+microscope+and+is+the+first+to+see+atoms.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjkopzVlYzgAhXmHbkGHZeODXAQ6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&q=1951%20Erwin%20Wilhelm%20M%C3%BCller%20invents%20the%20field%20ion%20microscope%20and%20is%20the%20first%20to%20see%20atoms.&f=false}}</ref><ref name="A Biographical Dictionary of People in Engineering: From the Earliest Records Until 2000"/> || {{w|Germany}}
|-
| 1953 || || {{w|Frits Zernike}} is awarded the {{w|Nobel Prize in Physics}} "for his demonstration of the phase contrast method, especially for his invention of the {{w|phase contrast microscope}}."<ref>{{cite web |title=The Nobel Prize in Physics 1953 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1953/summary/ |website=nobelprize.org |accessdate=26 January 2019}}</ref> ||
|-
| 1955 || || Polish physicist {{w|Georges Nomarski}} publishes the theoretical basis of {{w|Differential interference contrast microscopy}}. An optical microscopy technique used to enhance the contrast in unstained, transparent samples.<ref>Nomarski, G. (1955). Microinterféromètre différentiel à ondes polarisées. J. Phys. Radium, Paris 16: 9S-11S</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bigio |first1=Irving J. |last2=Fantini |first2=Sergio |title=Quantitative Biomedical Optics: Theory, Methods, and Applications |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=X7AkCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA555&dq=1955+Polish+physicist+Georges+Nomarski&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjKzr7tu5DgAhWunOAKHVVvCNMQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=1955%20Polish%20physicist%20Georges%20Nomarski&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Optical Shop Testing |edition=Daniel Malacara |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=qMHKB1mKFr4C&pg=PA736&dq=1955+Polish+physicist+Georges+Nomarski&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjKzr7tu5DgAhWunOAKHVVvCNMQ6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&q=1955%20Polish%20physicist%20Georges%20Nomarski&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|France}}
