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| 18th century || Looking through lenses becomes very popular, with many having a microscope when able to afford.<ref name="BiologyBiology"/>
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| 19th century || Achromatic microscopes are invented in the first half of the century.<ref name="BiologyBiology"/> By the late 1800s, effective illumination sources develop, opening the way for the modern era of microscopy.<ref name="Biology Run Amok!: The Life Science Lessons of Science Fiction Cinema">{{cite book |last1=Glassy |first1=Mark C. |title=Biology Run Amok!: The Life Science Lessons of Science Fiction Cinema |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=BJ1WDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA13&dq=%22in+1625%22+Giovanni+Faber+the+name+microscope&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj6zbG5qJbgAhXDKrkGHe5XAacQ6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201625%22%20Giovanni%20Faber%20the%20name%20microscope&f=false}}</ref>
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| 20th century || Early in the century, a significant alternative to traditional light microscopes is developed using electrons rather than light to generate an image.<ref name="Biology Run Amok!: The Life Science Lessons of Science Fiction Cinema"/> The first electron microscope is invented by {{w|Max Knoll}} and {{w|Ernst Ruska}}, blasting past the optical limitations of the light. By the late 1930s, electron microscopes with theoretical resolutions of 10 nm are designed and produced.<ref name="Overview of Electron Microscopy">{{cite web |last1=Palucka |first1=Tim |title=Overview of Electron Microscopy |url=https://authors.library.caltech.edu/5456/1/hrst.mit.edu/hrs/materials/public/ElectronMicroscope/EM_HistOverview.htm |website=caltech.edu |accessdate=30 January 2019}}</ref> The second major development for microscopes in the 20th century is the evolution of the mass market.<ref name="History of Microscopes"/> The 1960s through the 1990s produce many innovative instruments and trends on electron microscopy.<ref name="Overview of Electron Microscopy"/> In the 1970s, sufficient information on ultrastructural pathology becomes accumulated to allow the use of the {{w|electron microscope}} as a diagnostic tool.<ref name="Immunohistology and Electron Microscopy of Anaplastic and Pleomorphic Tumors"/>
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| 21st century || Dino-Lite Digital microscopes become one of the more original innovations since the 21st century. Dino-Lite are handheld digital microscopes.<ref name="History of Microscopes"/>
| 1619 || Technology development || Earliest recorded description of a {{w|compound microscope}} by Dutch inventor {{w|Cornelius Drebbel}}, presented in {{w|London}}. The instrument ia about eighteen inches long, two inches in diameter, and supported on 3 brass dolphins.<ref>Jerome Ch'en, {{w|Nicholas Tarling}}, Studies in the Social History of China and South-East Asia: Essays in Memory of Victor Purcell, Cambridge University Press, Jun 10, 2010, page 215</ref><ref name="The Origins of the Telescope">{{cite book|author1=Albert Van Helden|author2=Sven Dupré|author3=Rob van Gent|title=The Origins of the Telescope|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XguxYlYd-9EC&pg=PA24|year=2010|publisher=Amsterdam University Press|isbn=978-90-6984-615-6|page=24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kCSdiZcsWNsC&pg=PA5&dq=%22Cornelis+Drebbel%22+microscope#PPP1,M1 |title=The Microscope – Its Design, Construction and Applications by F. S. Spiers |publisher=Books.google.be |date= 2008-11-30|accessdate=2010-08-06|isbn=978-1-4437-2594-1}}</ref> ||
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| 1625 || Scientific development || German papal doctor {{w|Giovanni Faber}} first coins the name ''microscope''.<ref name="History of Microscopes"/><ref name="Biology Run Amok!: The Life Science Lessons of Science Fiction Cinema"/> || {{w|Germany}}
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| 1665 || Scientific development || English physicist {{w|Robert Hooke}} observes living cells and publishes ''Micrographia'', in which he coins the term ‘cells’ when describing tissue. The book outlines Hooke's various studies using the microscope.<ref name="History of Microscopes"/><ref name="The Science Book: Big Ideas Simply Explained"/> ||
