Changes

| 1990s || Mobile telephony revolutionizes telecommunications during the decade.<ref name="The Case of Cellular Mobile Telephony">{{cite web|title=The Case of Cellular Mobile Telephony|url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-57548-8_4|website=springer.com|accessdate=21 August 2017}}</ref> {{w|2G}} Second–generation wireless telephone technology becomes available, <ref name="Tunable RF Components and Circuits: Applications in Mobile Handsets"/> bringing the first digital systems to be deployed.<ref name="History of Mobile / Cell Phone"/><ref name="Wireless communications first-to-second-generation-1g-to-2g"/> {{w|Mobile phone operator}}s start offering {{w|prepay mobile phone}}s. European and American networks start to split apart and compete against one another.<ref name="History of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Time"/> The {{w|IBM Simon}} is introduced, being possibly the world’s first smartphone.<ref name="A BIG CHANGE FOR HUMANITY"/>

| 2000s || [[w:Apple Inc.|Apple]] introduces the {{w|iPhone}}. [[w:Android (operating system)|Android]] operating system launches. {{w|3G}} technology starts deployment.<ref name="Wireless communications first-to-second-generation-1g-to-2g"/> Between 2000 and 2003, the mobile phone experiences two of the biggest changes in its physical configuration: The introduction of QWERTY keyboard by {{w|BlackBerry}} as a popular standard, and the arrival of LCD {{w|touchscreen}}s.<ref>{{cite book |title=Technical Innovation in American History: An Encyclopedia of Science and Technology [3 volumes] |edition=Rosanne Welch, Peg A. Lamphier |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=aWGHDwAAQBAJ&pg=RA2-PA219&lpg=RA2-PA219&dq=%22prepaid+mobile+phones%22+%221990s%22&source=bl&ots=hcZC-gr1MZ&sig=ACfU3U1l9aOFhwH7hg0SMd3gT6FWyajTDQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiy14z9paPkAhV3IbkGHSgYDb4Q6AEwFXoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22prepaid%20mobile%20phones%22%20%221990s%22&f=false}}</ref>

| 1876 (March 10) || Antecedent Prelude || [[w:Scottish people|Scottish]]-born {{w|Alexander Graham Bell}}, the inventor of the {{w|telephone}}, makes the first phone call.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone">{{cite web|title=1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone|url=https://mcs-testequipment.com/story/1876-to-2015-the-history-of-the-mobile-phone/|website=mcs-testequipment.com|accessdate=24 July 2017}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}

| 1894 || Prelude || Italian inventor {{w|Guglielmo Marconi}} transmits signals over the distance of 2 kms.<ref name="Invention Story of Cell Phones">{{cite web|title=Invention Story of Cell Phones|url=https://www.engineersgarage.com/invention-stories/mobile-phone-history|website=engineersgarage.com|accessdate=27 July 2017}}</ref> ||

| 1906 || Antecedent Prelude || Canadian-born inventor {{w|Reginald Fessenden}} manages to broadcast music through {{w|radio}}.<ref name="Invention Story of Cell Phones"/> || {{w|United States}}

| 1908 || Antecedent Prelude || A man claims to have invented a wireless telephone. Being considered so crazy for this time, he is accused of fraud. The charges are later dropped.<ref name="History of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Time"/> ||

| 1921 || Antecedent Prelude || The Detroit Police Department introduce mobile radios in their police cars, giving rise to the car–to–car radios. However, the system doesn't work very well at the time.<ref name="cell phone Timeline"/><ref name="Week 3- Timeline of the cell-phone"/> || {{w|United States}}

| 1924 || Network launch technology || Wireless phones are tested on trains running between {{w|Berlin}} and {{w|Hamburg}}.<ref name="physicslover">{{cite web |title=History of Mobile Cell Phones mobile phones and the first mobile phone |url=https://www.physicslover.in/2018/04/history-of-mobile-phones-and-first.html |website=physicslover.in |accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Germany}}|-| 1926 || || The First Cell Phone To Present Timefirst successful mobile telephony service is offered to first class passengers in trains of the Deutsche Reichsbahn on the route between {{w|Berlin}} and {{w|Hamburg}}.<ref name="History of mobile phones and the first mobile phone"/> || {{w|Germany}}

| 1945 || Network launch technology || The first service created just for mobile phones launches in {{w|Saint Louis}}, but the service doesn't work well and it does not last.<ref name="cell phone Timeline"/><ref name="Week 3- Timeline of the cell-phone"/> || {{w|United States}}

| 1946 (June) || Network launch technology || American company {{w|Bell Labs}} begins to offer mobile telephone services on vehicles in {{w|Saint Louis}}. A few weeks later, {{w|AT&T}} matches Bell Labs, offering its {{w|Mobile Telephone Service}} ({{w|0G equivalent}}), at the time a wide range of mostly incompatible mobile telephone services with limited coverage areas and a small number of available channels.<ref name="History of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Time"/> ||{{w|United States}}

| 1946 || Network launch technology || Interconnection of mobile {{w|transmitter}}s and receivers with the {{w|Public switched telephone network}} (PSTN) begins in the United States, with the introduction of {{w|Mobile Telephone Service}} (MTS) by the [[w:AT&T| American Telephone and Telegraph Company]].<ref name="Mobile telephone britannica"/> || {{w|United States}}

| 1947 || Network technology || {{w|Bell Labs}} is the first company to propose a cellular radio telephone network.<ref name="Constant Touch: A Global History of the Mobile Phone"/><ref name="Introduction to the History of Computing: A Computing History Primer"/> || {{w|United States}}

| 1952 || Network launch technology || A-Netz network is launched as a Mobile Radio Network in {{w|West Germany}}.<ref name="History of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Time"/><ref>{{cite book|last1=Berg|first1=Christian|title=Smartphones und Tablets. Ihre Auswirkungen auf den privaten Alltag|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=p5OtoGHRXFsC&pg=PA6&dq=%22A-Netz%22+%221952%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwip2oXUiKvVAhUDHZAKHYH8DWkQ6AEIKzAB#v=onepage&q=%22A-Netz%22%20%221952%22&f=false|accessdate=28 July 2017}}</ref> || {{w|West Germany}}

| 1960 1957–1961 || Network launch Product development || [[Soviet engineer {{w:Ericson|Ericsson Company]] releases the first fully automated Leonid Kupriyanovich}} develops a number of mobile phones that look surprisingly similar to modern mobile telephonedevices. Introduced in Sweden, One of these devices weighs just 70 grams and can fit into the system, known in [[w:Swedish language|Swedish]] as [[w:MTD (mobile network)|Mobiltelefonisystem A]] (MTA), allows for automated connection from a rotary handset (that’s palm of the circular dialing knob to me and you) mounted within a car, but requires an operator to forward callshand.<ref name="Invention Story History of Mobile Cell Phones"/><ref name="A Brief History Of Mobile Phones">{{cite web|title=A Brief History Of Mobile Phones|url=http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/history-mobile-phones/|website=makeuseof.com|accessdate=24 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="A Brief History Of Mobile PhonesThe First Cell Phone To Present Time"/> || {{w|Sweden}}

| 1963 1959 || Network launch technology || [[w:Altai (mobile telephone system)|Altai]] mobile telephone system (системы "Алтай") The Post Office Radiophone Service is introduced as a pre-cellular launched in {{w|0GManchester}} radiotelephone service in the Soviet Union. The system requires callers to connect through an operator. However, that operator could connect users to any subscriber across all of Great Britain.<ref>{{cite web|titlename=Мобильная связь в СССР (7 фото)"History of Mobile Cell Phones |url=http://www.vasi.net/community/kartinki/2009The First Cell Phone To Present Time"/05/15/mobilnaja_svjaz_v_sssr_7_foto.html|website=vasi.net|accessdate=30 July 2017}}</ref> || {{w|Soviet UnionUnited Kingdom}}

| 1957–1961 1960 || Product development Network technology || Soviet engineer {{[[w:Ericson|Leonid Kupriyanovich}} develops a number of Ericsson Company]] releases the first fully automated mobile phones that look surprisingly similar to modern mobile devicestelephone. One of these devices weighs just 70 grams and can fit into Introduced in Sweden, the palm of system, known in [[w:Swedish language|Swedish]] as [[w:MTD (mobile network)|Mobiltelefonisystem A]] (MTA), allows for automated connection from a rotary handset (that’s the handcircular dialing knob to me and you) mounted within a car, but requires an operator to forward calls.<ref name="Invention Story of Cell Phones"/><ref name="A Brief History of Of Mobile Phones">{{cite web|title=A Brief History Of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Timeurl=http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/history-mobile-phones/|website=makeuseof.com|accessdate=24 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="A Brief History Of Mobile Phones"/> ||{{w|Sweden}}

| 1959 1962 || Network launch technology || The Post Office Radiophone Service is launched in {{w|ManchesterAT&T}}. The system requires callers to connect through an operator. However, that operator could connect users to any subscriber across all of Great Britaindevelops a prototype for the first generation cellular mobile communications technology.<ref name="History Evolution and Standardization of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present TimeCommunications Technology"/> || {{w|United KingdomStates}}

| 1962 || Network technology || Swedish [[w:MTD (mobile network)|Mobiltelefonisystem A]] (MTA) is replaced by [[w:MTD (mobile network)|Mobiltelefonisystem B]] (MTB), which uses {{w|AT&Ttransistor}} develops a prototype for the first generation cellular ized mobile communications technologysets. This system would last until 1983.<ref name="Evolution and Standardization of A Brief History Of Mobile Communications TechnologyPhones"/> || {{w|United StatesSweden}}

| 1962 1963 || Network launch technology || Swedish [[w:MTD Altai (mobile networktelephone system)|Mobiltelefonisystem AAltai]] mobile telephone system (MTAсистемы "Алтай") is replaced by [[w:MTD (mobile network)|Mobiltelefonisystem B]] (MTB), which uses introduced as a pre-cellular {{w|transistor0G}}ized mobile sets. This system would last until 1983radiotelephone service in the Soviet Union.<ref name>{{cite web|title="A Brief History Of Mobile Phones"Мобильная связь в СССР (7 фото)|url=http://www.vasi.net/community/kartinki/2009/05/15/mobilnaja_svjaz_v_sssr_7_foto.html|website=vasi.net|accessdate=30 July 2017}}</ref> || {{w|SwedenSoviet Union}}

| 1968 1965 || System standard development Network technology || {{w|Bell LabsAT&T}} starts developing introduces the {{w|Advanced first major improvement to mobile telephony, creating the Improved Mobile Phone System}} (AMPS) standardTelephone Service, which allows more simultaneous calls in a given geographic area, introducing customer dialing, and reducing the size and weight of the equipment.<ref name="Introduction to the History of Computing: A Computing History PrimerBIG CHANGE FOR HUMANITY"/> {{cite web |title=A BIG CHANGE FOR HUMANITY | {{wurl=https://phoneevolution.wordpress.com/ |website=phoneevolution.wordpress.com |United Statesaccessdate=27 August 2019}}</ref> ||

| 1969 1968 || Network technology || [[{{w:Penn Central Transportation Company|Penn Central Railroad]] equips commuter trains along Bell Labs}} starts developing the New York-[[{{w:Washington, D.C.|Washington]] route with special pay phones that allow passengers to place telephone calls while the train is movingAdvanced Mobile Phone System}} (AMPS) standard.<ref name=GS2006>Gordon "Introduction to the History of Computing: A. Gow, Richard K. Smith ''Mobile and wireless communications: an introduction'', McGraw-Hill International, 2006 {{ISBN|0-335-21761-3}} page 23<Computing History Primer"/ref> || {{w|United States}}

| 1969 || Program launch Network technology || Engineers from [[w:Penn Central Transportation Company|Penn Central Railroad]] equips commuter trains along the Nordic countries meet and set up the first mobile phone system international standardNew York-[[w:Washington, D.C.|Washington]] route with special pay phones that allow passengers to place telephone calls while the Nordic Mobile Telephony (NMT)train is moving.<ref name="Growth Through InnovationGS2006>Gordon A. Gow, Richard K. Smith ''Mobile and wireless communications: Managing the Technologyan introduction'', McGraw-Driven Enterprise">Hill International, 2006 {{cite bookISBN|last1=Boutellier|first1=Roman|last2=Heinzen|first2=Mareike|title=Growth Through Innovation: Managing the Technology0-335-21761-Driven Enterprise|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Gti4BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA62&lpg=PA62&dq=%22+mobile+phones%22+%22saint+louis%22+%221945%22&source=bl&ots=2eWiBDNLRy&sig=lINddVyZmQ57aDoDvXHPs_seaHI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiWvYCJgKvVAhWKIpAKHQZmBnAQ6AEIOTAD#v=onepage&q=%22%20mobile%20phones%22%20%22saint%20louis%22%20%221945%22&f=false|accessdate=28 July 20173}}page 23</ref> || {{w|ScandinaviaUnited States}}

| 1971 1969 || New term Organization || The term ''cell'' comes into play when Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) Group is established in {{w|AT&TScandinavia}} proposes splitting and {{w|Finland}} with the purpose to develop a mobile phone service into different areas across system that, unlike the systems being introduced in the cities. These areas are called ''cells''{{w|United States}}, focuses on accessibility.<ref name="cell phone Timelinephysicslover"/>|| {{cite webw|title=cell phone TimelineDenmark}}, {{w|url=http://www.softschools.com/timelines/cell_phone_timeline/28/|website=softschools.comSweden}}, {{w|accessdate=24 July 2017Norway}}</ref><ref name="Week 3- Timeline of the cell-phone"/> || , {{w|United StatesFinland}}

| 1971 1969 || Network launch PNetwork technology || {{w|Autoradiopuhelin}} (ARP) network is launched in {{w|Finland}}. It is one of Engineers from the Nordic countries meet and set up the first successful public commercial mobile phone networkssystem international standard, the Nordic Mobile Telephony (NMT).<ref name="Evolution and Standardization of Mobile Communications Growth Through Innovation: Managing the Technology-Driven Enterprise">{{cite book|last1=Boutellier|first1=Roman|last2=Heinzen|first2=Mareike|title=Evolution and Standardization of Mobile Communications Growth Through Innovation: Managing the Technology|edition=Seo, DongBack-Driven Enterprise|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=O9aeBQAAQBAJGti4BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA60PA62&lpg=PA60PA62&dq=%22Autoradiopuhelin22+mobile+phones%22+%22197122saint+louis%22+%221945%22&source=bl&ots=X6YAFDB7282eWiBDNLRy&sig=2-x4IlQA8QBaUzospfoxTxTEz6QlINddVyZmQ57aDoDvXHPs_seaHI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj0-9y5k6vVAhUCPpAKHRQPCJ4Q6AEIXzAM0ahUKEwiWvYCJgKvVAhWKIpAKHQZmBnAQ6AEIOTAD#v=onepage&q=%22Autoradiopuhelin22%20mobile%20phones%22%20%22saint%20louis%22%20%221971221945%22&f=false|accessdate=28 July 2017}}</ref> || {{w|FinlandScandinavia}}

| 1972 1971 || Network launch Terminology || The term ''cell'' comes into play when {{w|B-NetzAT&T}} proposes splitting phone service into different areas across the cities. These areas are called ''cells''.<ref name="cell phone Timeline">{{wcite web|title=cell phone Timeline|url=http://www.softschools.com/timelines/cell_phone_timeline/28/|mobile radio}} network is launched in {{wwebsite=softschools.com|West Germanyaccessdate=24 July 2017}}.</ref><ref name="History Week 3- Timeline of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Timethe cell-phone"/> || {{w|GermanyUnited States}}

| 1973 1971 || Technology Network technology || 10 years before a cell phone was first released onto the market, [[w:Martin Cooper (inventor)|Martin Cooper]], a {{w|MotorolaAutoradiopuhelin}} researcher and executive, makes the first analog mobile phone call using a heavy prototype model. The communication (ARP) network is carried out between Cooper and launched in {{w|Joel S. EngelFinland}} . It is one of {{w|Bell Labs}}the first successful public commercial mobile phone networks.<refname="Evolution and Standardization of Mobile Communications Technology">{{cite newsbook|lasttitle=Shiels Evolution and Standardization of Mobile Communications Technology|firstedition=Maggie Seo, DongBack|url=httphttps://newsbooks.bbcgoogle.cocom.ukar/1/hi/uk/2963619.stm |titlebooks?id=O9aeBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA60&lpg=PA60&dq=%22Autoradiopuhelin%22+%221971%22&source=bl&ots=X6YAFDB728&sig=2-x4IlQA8QBaUzospfoxTxTEz6Q&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj0-9y5k6vVAhUCPpAKHRQPCJ4Q6AEIXzAM#v=onepage&q=BBC interview with Martin Cooper | work%22Autoradiopuhelin%22%20%221971%22&f=BBC News false| dateaccessdate=April 21, 200328 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="History of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Time"/><ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/>|| {{w|United StatesFinland}}

| 1979 (December) 1972 || Network launch technology || {{w|1GB-Netz}}, the first generation of {{w|wirelessmobile radio}} {{w|telephone}} {{w|technology}}, network is launched in {{w|Japan}West Germany} by {{w|Nippon Telegraph and Telephone}} (NTT). It becomes the world's first mobile phone network to be launched.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/> Initially deployed in the metropolitan area of Tokyo, within five years, the NTT network expand to cover the whole population of Japan and becomes the first nationwide 1G network.<ref name="Mobile telephone britannica"/><ref name="Tunable RF Components and Circuits: Applications in Mobile Handsets">{{cite book|last1=Hilbert|first1=Jeffrey L.|title=Tunable RF Components and Circuits: Applications in Mobile Handsets|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=4C_SCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA244&lpg=PA244&dq=%221979%22+%221G%22+%22NTT%22+%22Japan%22&source=bl&ots=dsRRCNnxIe&sig=TQKZnLlJBulcFC3asRluSLTqsp8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiS5qe-86XVAhVBEZAKHRxLCT8Q6AEIYzAN#v=onepage&q=%221979%22%20%221G%22%20%22NTT%22%20%22Japan%22&f=false|accessdate=26 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="History of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Time"/><ref name="Global Competitiveness of U.S. Advanced-Technology Industries: Cellular Communications"/> || {{w|JapanGermany}}

| 1981–1986 1973 || Network launch Technology milestone || The {{10 years before a cell phone is first released onto the market, [[w|Nordic Mobile Telephone}} :Martin Cooper (NMTinventor) system opens in |Martin Cooper]], a {{w|SwedenMotorola}} researcher and {{w|Norway}}. NMT is executive, makes the first analog mobile phone network to feature international {{w|roaming}}call using a heavy prototype model. The system communication is introduced in {{w|Denmark}} carried out between Cooper and {{w|FinlandJoel S. Engel}} in 1982, and in of {{w|IcelandBell Labs}} in 1986.<ref>{{cite webnews|last=Shiels |titlefirst=Mobiltelefonens historie i NorgeMaggie |url=httpshttp://webnews.archivebbc.orgco.uk/web/200702130459031/http:hi/uk/telemuseum2963619.no/mambo/content/view/29/1/stm |title=BBC interview with Martin Cooper |websitework=archive.orgBBC News |accessdatedate=27 July 2017April 21, 2003}}</ref><ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell PhoneTo Present Time"/><ref name="Mobile telephone britannica"/><ref name="Evolution and Standardization 1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Communications TechnologyPhone"/> || {{w|Scandinavia}}, {{w|FinlandUnited States}}

| 1973 || Handset release || {{w|Motorola}} becomes the first company to mass produce the the first handheld mobile phone.<ref name="History of mobile phones and the first mobile phone">{{cite web |title=History of mobile phones and the first mobile phone |url=https://www.uswitch.com/mobiles/guides/history-of-mobile-phones/ |website=uswitch.com |accessdate=25 June 2019}}</ref> |||-| 1973 || Mobile phone service || A cellular telephone switching plan is described by Fluhr and Nussbaum.<ref>"Switching Plan for a Cellular Mobile Telephone System":, Z. Fluhr and E. Nussbaum, IEEE Transactions on Communications volume 21, #11 p. 1281 (1973)</ref> |||-| 1977 || Network technology || A cellular telephone data signaling system is described by Hachenburg et al.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1109/T-VT.1977.23660 |title=Data signaling functions for a cellular mobile telephone system|year=1977|last1=Hachenburg|first1=V.|last2=Holm|first2=B.D.|last3=Smith|first3=J.I.|journal=IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology|volume=26|pages=82–88}}</ref> |||-| 1979 (December) || Network technology || {{w|1G}}, the first generation of {{w|wireless}} {{w|telephone}} {{w|technology}}, is launched in {{w|Japan}} by {{w|Nippon Telegraph and Telephone}} (NTT). It becomes the world's first mobile phone network to be launched.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/> Initially deployed in the metropolitan area of Tokyo, within five years, the NTT network expand to cover the whole population of Japan and becomes the first nationwide 1G network.<ref name="Mobile telephone britannica"/><ref name="Tunable RF Components and Circuits: Applications in Mobile Handsets">{{cite book|last1=Hilbert|first1=Jeffrey L.|title=Tunable RF Components and Circuits: Applications in Mobile Handsets|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=4C_SCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA244&lpg=PA244&dq=%221979%22+%221G%22+%22NTT%22+%22Japan%22&source=bl&ots=dsRRCNnxIe&sig=TQKZnLlJBulcFC3asRluSLTqsp8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiS5qe-86XVAhVBEZAKHRxLCT8Q6AEIYzAN#v=onepage&q=%221979%22%20%221G%22%20%22NTT%22%20%22Japan%22&f=false|accessdate=26 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="History of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Time"/><ref name="Global Competitiveness of U.S. Advanced-Technology Industries: Cellular Communications"/> || {{w|Japan}}|-| 1981–1986 || Network technology || The {{w|Nordic Mobile Telephone}} (NMT) system opens in {{w|Sweden}} and {{w|Norway}}. NMT is the first mobile phone network to feature international {{w|roaming}}. The system is introduced in {{w|Denmark}} and {{w|Finland}} in 1982, and in {{w|Iceland}} in 1986.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mobiltelefonens historie i Norge|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070213045903/http://telemuseum.no/mambo/content/view/29/1/|website=archive.org|accessdate=27 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/><ref name="Mobile telephone britannica"/><ref name="Evolution and Standardization of Mobile Communications Technology"/> || {{w|Scandinavia}}, {{w|Finland}}|-| 1981 || Network launch technology || The Saudi mobile phone network becomes operational.<ref name="Introduction to the History of Computing: A Computing History Primer"/> || {{w|Saudi Arabia}}

| 1982 || Network technology || {{w|Ericsson}} constructs the first European cellular systems for use by service providers in {{w|Scandinavia}}.<ref name="Global Competitiveness of U.S. Advanced-Technology Industries: Cellular Communications"/>||

| 1983 || Network launch technology || The {{w|Advanced Mobile Phone System}} (AMPS) is officially introduced in {{w|North America}}.<ref name="Testing the First Cell Phone Network">{{cite web|author=AT&T Tech Channel |url=http://techchannel.att.com/play-video.cfm/2011/6/13/AT&T-Archives-AMPS:-coming-of-age |title=AT&T Archives : Testing the First Public Cell Phone Network |publisher=Techchannel.att.com |date=2011-06-13 |accessdate=2013-09-28 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029194138/http://techchannel.att.com/play-video.cfm/2011/6/13/AT%26T-Archives-AMPS%3A-coming-of-age |archivedate=2013-10-29 }}</ref><ref name="Evolution and Standardization of Mobile Communications Technology"/><ref name = "MilestonesPast">[http://www.milestonespast.com/exbringing.htm MilestonesPast].</ref> The system would further expand into {{w|Canada}} in 1985, later in {{w|Mexico}}, {{w|Colombia}}, {{w|Korea}}, {{w|Australia}}, {{w|China}}, {{w|Hong Kong}}, {{w|Indonesia}}, {{w|Laos}}, {{w|Malaysia}}, {{w|New Zealand}}, {{w|Pakistan}}, the {{w|Philippines}}, {{w|Singapore}}, {{w|Taiwan}}, {{w|Thailand}}, {{w|Vietnam}} and finally all {{w|Latin America}}n countries.<ref name="The Worldwide History of Telecommunications">{{cite book|last1=Huurdeman|first1=Anton A.|title=The Worldwide History of Telecommunications|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=SnjGRDVIUL4C&pg=PA524&lpg=PA524&dq=total+access+communication+system+(TACS)+%221983%22+united+kingdom&source=bl&ots=qK9OeKa6Sb&sig=WvNgVd75Yw8B8llImI-gwLpE5vU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiChO3noafVAhVGj5AKHX0MDlYQ6AEITDAJ#v=onepage&q=total%20access%20communication%20system%20(TACS)%20%221983%22%20united%20kingdom&f=false|accessdate=28 July 2017}}</ref> ||

| 1983 (March 6) || Product Handset release || The [[w:Motorola DynaTAC|Motorola DynaTAC 8000X]] becomes the first mobile for sale in the United States. It costs US$ 4000 (equivalent to $9,894.75 in 2017). {{w|1G}} network launches in the country, with Chicago-based {{w|Ameritech}} using the {{w|Motorola DynaTAC}} mobile phone.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/><ref name="Mobile telephone britannica"/><ref name="History of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Time">{{cite web|title=History of Mobile Cell Phones, The First Cell Phone To Present Time|url=https://bebusinessed.com/history/history-cell-phones/|website=bebusinessed.com|accessdate=26 July 2017}}</ref> American engineer [[w:Martin Cooper (inventor)|Martin Cooper]] is credited with developing the device.<ref name="A Photographic History of the Cell Phone"/> || {{w|United States}}

| 1983 || Network launch technology || The {{w|Total Access Communication System}} (TACS) ({{w|1G}}) is released in the {{w|United Kingdom}} as a variant of the {{w|Advanced Mobile Phone System}} (AMPS).<ref name="The Worldwide History of Telecommunications">{{cite book|last1=Huurdeman|first1=Anton A.|title=The Worldwide History of Telecommunications|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=SnjGRDVIUL4C&pg=PA524&lpg=PA524&dq=total+access+communication+system+(TACS)+%221983%22+united+kingdom&source=bl&ots=qK9OeKa6Sb&sig=WvNgVd75Yw8B8llImI-gwLpE5vU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiChO3noafVAhVGj5AKHX0MDlYQ6AEITDAJ#v=onepage&q=total%20access%20communication%20system%20(TACS)%20%221983%22%20united%20kingdom&f=false|accessdate=28 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="Mobile telephone britannica"/><ref name="Introduction to the History of Computing: A Computing History Primer">{{cite book|last1=O'Regan|first1=Gerard|title=Introduction to the History of Computing: A Computing History Primer|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=6u16DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA156&lpg=PA156&dq=total+access+communication+system+(TACS)+%221983%22+united+kingdom&source=bl&ots=jhOz9a9bEO&sig=nCxQ9zSMVhYT1S2heKDRmdcCdeM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiChO3noafVAhVGj5AKHX0MDlYQ6AEIQTAG#v=onepage&q=total%20access%20communication%20system%20(TACS)%20%221983%22%20united%20kingdom&f=false|accessdate=26 July 2017}}</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}}

| 1983 || Network launch technology || [[w:AMR radiotelephone network (Czechoslovakia)|AMR radiotelephone network]] (''Automatizovaný Městský Radiotelefon'' in {{w|Czech language}}) enters full mode as the very first analog {{w|mobile radio telephone}} in {{w|Czechoslovakia}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=First Czechoslovak radiotelephone networks: AMR|url=https://medium.com/@tangero/first-czechoslovak-radiotelephone-networks-amr-c00df4acf8d8|website=medium.com|accessdate=19 August 2017}}</ref> || {{w|Czechoslovakia}}

| 1984 || Network launch technology || Airborne cellular systems: The {{w|North American terrestrial system}} (NATS) is introduced in the United States by [[w:GTE|GTE Corporation]].<ref name="Mobile telephone britannica"/> || {{w|United States}}

| 1985 || Coverage Network technology || The {{w|Nordic Mobile Telephone}} grows to 110,000 subscribers in {{w|Scandinavia}} and {{w|Finland}}, 63,300 in {{w|Norway}} alone, which makes it the world's largest mobile network at the time.<ref>{{cite web|last=Nordsveen|first=Arve M|title=Mobiltelefonens historie i Norge|url=http://telemuseum.no/mambo/content/view/29/1/|publisher=Norsk Telemuseum|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070213045903/http://telemuseum.no/mambo/content/view/29/1/|archivedate=13 February 2007|language=Norwegian|date=28 November 2005}}</ref>|| {{w|Scandinavia}}

| 1985 || Technology milestone || The first mobile call in the {{w|United Kingdom}} is made.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/> || {{w|United Kingdom}}

| 1985 || Network launch technology || The [[w:C-Netz|Radio Telephone Network C]] (C-Netz), is introduced in {{w|Germany}} as a [[w:1G|first generation]] [[w:analog signal|analog]] {{w|cellular phone}} system.<ref>{{cite web|title=Das C Netz in der Mobilfunk Geschichte|url=http://www.mobilfunk-geschichte.de/c-netz.html|website=mobilfunk-geschichte.de|accessdate=30 July 2017}}</ref> || {{w|Germany}}

| 1989 || Product Handset release || [[w:Motorola MicroTAC|Motorola MicroTAC 9800X]] is released. It becomes the first phone to feature a flip–down, and also the smallest and lightest phone available at the time.<ref>[http://articles.latimes.com/1989-04-26/business/fi-1843_1_cellular-service-tac-personal-telephone-pocket-size-cellular-phone Motorola Has a Pocket-Size Cellular Phone] Los Angeles, April 26, 1989</ref><ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/> ||

| 1990 || Technology Network technology || The old [[w:Advanced Mobile Phone System|AMPS]] networks are replaced by {{w|Digital AMPS}} (D-AMPS).<ref name="History of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Time"/> ||

| 1991 1990 || Technology Expansion || Second-generation ({{w|2G}}) cellular telecom networks There are commercially launched on the {{w|GSM}} standard in {{w|Finland}} by {{w|Radiolinja}} (now part of {{w|Elisa Oyj}})12.5 millions subscriptions to mobile telephony worldwide.<ref name="Radiolinja's HistoryL’Histoire du Wi-Fi">{{cite web|url=http://www.elisa.com/english/index.cfm?t=6&o=6532.50 |title=Radiolinja's History L’Histoire du Wi-Fi |date=20 April 2004 |accessdate=23 December 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurlurl=https://webwww.archiveucopia.orgcom/webfr/20061023212724actualites/http:lhistoire-du-wi-fi//www.elisa|website=ucopia.com/english/index.cfm?t=6 |archivedateaccessdate=23 October 2006 }}</ref> The first wireless Internet access becomes available as part of this generation.<ref name="Tunable RF Components and Circuits: Applications in Mobile Handsets"/>. Developed to serve voice communication, {{w|2G30 May 2018}} is first digital transmission system in mobile communication in history.<ref name="Wireless communications first-to-second-generation-1g-to-2g"/> Also, the first GSM call is made by the Finnish prime minister in the country.<ref name="Introduction to the History of Computing: A Computing History Primer"/> || {{w|Finland}}

| 1992 (December 3) 1991 || Technology Network technology || Software architect Second-generation ({{w|Neil Papworth2G}} sends ) cellular telecom networks are commercially launched on the first text message saying "Merry Christmas" to Richard Jarvis, a director at {{w|VodafoneGSM}} standard in {{w|Finland}} by {{w|Radiolinja}} (now part of {{w|Elisa Oyj}}).<refname="Radiolinja's History">{{cite web|title=The First Text Message Ever Was Sent 21 Years Ago Today|url=http://www.businessinsiderelisa.com/the-first-text-message-ever-2013-12english/index.cfm?t=6&o=6532.50 |title=Radiolinja's History |date=20 April 2004 |accessdate=23 December 2009 |deadurl=yes |websitearchiveurl=businessinsiderhttps://web.archive.org/web/20061023212724/http://www.elisa.com/english/index.cfm?t=6 |accessdatearchivedate=30 July 201723 October 2006 }}</ref>The first wireless Internet access becomes available as part of this generation.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Tunable RF Components and Circuits: Applications in Mobile PhoneHandsets"/>. Developed to serve voice communication, {{w|2G}} is first digital transmission system in mobile communication in history.<ref name="Week 3Wireless communications first-to- Timeline second-generation-1g-to-2g"/> Also, the first GSM call is made by the Finnish prime minister in the country.<ref name="Introduction to the History of the cell-phoneComputing: A Computing History Primer"/> || {{w|United KingdomFinland}}

| 1992 || Handset release || The {{w|Nokia 1011}} launches. It is the world’s first mass produced phone using the new GSM digital standard. It includes a monochrome {{w|LCD}} screen, extendable antenna and a memory capable of storing 99 phone numbers.<ref name="physicslover"/> |||-| 1992 (December 3) || Technology milestone || Software architect {{w|Neil Papworth}} sends the first text message saying "Merry Christmas" to Richard Jarvis, a director at {{w|Vodafone}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=The First Text Message Ever Was Sent 21 Years Ago Today|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/the-first-text-message-ever-2013-12|website=businessinsider.com|accessdate=30 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/><ref name="Week 3- Timeline of the cell-phone"/> || {{w|United Kingdom}}|-| 1992 || Network launch technology || The {{w|European Telecommunications Standards Institute}} (ETSI) adopts a terrestrial Aeronautical Public Correspondence (APC) system known as the terrestrial flight telephone system (TFTS).<ref name="Mobile telephone britannica"/> ||

| 1993 || Technology milestone || The first An early {{w|SMS}} text message is sent in Finland.<ref name="History of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Time"/> || {{w|Finland}}

| 1994 (August 16) || Product Handset release || The {{w|IBM Simon}} is released, featuring a {{w|touchscreen}} and is the first phone to feature [[w:mobile app|apps]]. It costs US$ 899.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/> The IBM Simon is considered by many to be the world’s first smartphone.<ref name="History of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Time"/>|| {{w|United States}}

| 1995–1999 || Network technology || Europe and Asia become the first regions to deploy mobile connectivity in their underground assets.<ref name="Internet connectivity in underground rail systems">{{cite web |title=Internet connectivity in underground rail systems |url=https://www.uitp.org/sites/default/files/documents/Publications/internet_in_metros_2014.pdf |website=uitp.org |accessdate=29 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Europe}}, {{w|Asia}}|-| 1996 || Product Handset release || The {{w|Nokia Communicator}}is released. It is the first mobile phone to enable [[w:internet access|internet connectivity]] and wireless {{w|email}} creating a new category of multi-use devices called {{w|smartphone}}s.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nokia 9000 Communicator|url=http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/det/5779/Nokia-9000-Communicator/|website=computinghistory.org.uk|accessdate=30 July 2017}}</ref> ||

| 1996 || Product release Mobile operating system || {{w|Palm OS}} is launched as a discontinued {{w|mobile operating system}}, designed for ease of use with a {{w|touchscreen}}-based {{w|graphical user interface}}. ||

| 1996 (January) || Product Handset release || The {{w|Motorola StarTAC}} is release released as a [[w:Flip (form)|clamshell]] {{w|mobile phone}}. Manufactured by {{w|Motorola}} is the first ever clamshell/flip mobile phone.<ref name = "fifty">{{cite news | last = Tynan | first = Dan | title = The 50 Greatest Gadgets of the Past 50 Years | work = [[w:PC World (magazine)|PC World]] | page = 2 | date = 2005-12-24 | url = http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,123950-page,2/article.html | accessdate = 25 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/><ref name="History of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Time"/> || United States

| 1996 || Product Handset release || The {{w|Nokia 8110}} is launched. Its distinctive styling is the first example of a 'slider' [[w:Mobile_phone_form_factors|form factor]].<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/> ||

| 1997 1996 || Product release Mobile phone service || Dutch technology company {{[[w:MTN Group|Philips}} introduces "The Synergy", an early attempt at MTN]] becomes the first mobile operator to introduce a digital prepaid cellular service in {{w|smartphoneAfrica}}, popularizing “pay as you go” in emerging markets. The unit provides wireless access to <ref>{{wCite web|url=http://www.mtn-investor.com/mtn_ar08/book1/ocv_chair.html|title=MTN Group - Annual Report 2008 - Chairman’s statement|website=www.mtn-investor.com|eaccess-maildate=24 July 2019}}, </ref> || {{w|internetAfrica}} and |-| 1996 (September) || Mobile phone service || The first Prepaid card is called "Mimo", launched by TMN, the mobile phone operator of {{w|faxPortugal Telecom}}es.<ref name="A Photographic History of the Cell Phone"/><ref name="Week 3- Timeline of the cell-phone">{{cite web|title=Week 3Portugal Telecom FAQ|url=http://www.telecom.pt/InternetResource/PTSite/UK/Canais/Investidores/FAQS/Gerais/#Answer_1|accessdate=25 October 2015|archive- Timeline of the cell-phone|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203064243/http://www.timetoasttelecom.compt/InternetResource/PTSite/UK/Canais/Investidores/FAQS/timelinesGerais/week#Answer_1|archive-date=February 3, 2015|dead-timelineurl=yes|df=mdy-ofall}}</ref> || {{w|Portugal}}|-| 1996 || Mobile phone service || [[w:MTN Group|MTN]] becomes thefirst mobile operator to introduce a Prepaid cellular service in Africa, popularizing “pay as you go” in emerging markets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mtn-cellinvestor.com/mtn_ar08/book1/ocv_chair.html|title=MTN Group -phoneAnnual Report 2008 - Chairman’s statement|website=timetoastwww.mtn-investor.com|accessdateaccess-date=27 July 20176 November 2018}}</ref> || {{w|Africa}}

| 1997 || Handset release || Dutch technology company {{w|Philips}} introduces "The Synergy", an early attempt at a digital {{w|smartphone}}. The unit provides wireless access to {{w|e-mail}}, {{w|internet}} and {{w|fax}}es.<ref name="A Photographic History of the Cell Phone"/><ref name="Week 3- Timeline of the cell-phone">{{cite web|title=Week 3- Timeline of the cell-phone|url=https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/week-3-timeline-of-the-cell-phone|website=timetoast.com|accessdate=27 July 2017}}</ref> || |-| 1997 || Handset release || Little known German-made {{w|Hagenuk GlobalHandy}} becomes the first phone that has no visible external antenna.<ref name="physicslover"/><ref>{{cite web |title=Hagenuk GlobalHandy |url=https://www.mobilephonehistory.co.uk/other/hagenuk_globalhandy.php |website=mobilephonehistory.co.uk |accessdate=29 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Germany}}|-| 1997 || Mobile payment || {{w|Coca Cola}} first introduces mobile purchasing, setting up vending machines that allow their customers to purchase drinks via text message.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Martins |first1=Flavio |title=The History of the Mobile Payment Experience |url=http://winthecustomer.com/technology-changing-the-mobile-payment-customer-experience/ |website=winthecustomer.com |accessdate=24 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}|-| 1997 (October) || Mobile phone service || {{w|Vodafone UK}} launches 'Pay as you Talk', packaging a {{w|GSM}} phone with a prepay tariff. || {{w|United Kingdom}}|-| 1997 (December) || Product Handset release || {{w|Nokia 6110}} is launched. Hugely popular, It is the first phone from Nokia to have the popular [[w:Snake (video game)|Snake]] game pre-installed. <ref name="History of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Time"/> ||

| 1997–1998 || Network launch technology || The [[w:Iridium satellite constellation|Iridium system]] is introduced as the first LEO system intended for commercial service. It is designed by {{w|Motorola}}, and owned by [[w:Iridium Communications|Iridium LLC]]. The Iridium concept employs a constellation of 66 satellites orbiting in six planes around Earth, and are launched from May 1997 to May 1998. Commercial service begins in November 1998.<ref name="Mobile telephone britannica"/> ||

| 1998 || Mobile payment || Mobile payments are trialled in {{w|Finland}} and {{w|Sweden}}.<ref name="Constant Touch: A Global History of the Mobile Phone">{{cite book|last1=Agar|first1=Jon|title=Constant Touch: A Global History of the Mobile Phone|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?hl=en&lr=&id=sBNfZNqcOzoC&oi=fnd&pg=PT6&dq=history+of+mobile+payments&ots=oZ_vuTNp6E&sig=EsGo7Hy49p5TN8HEeIJwYcWdP2I&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=25 July 2017}}</ref> || {{w|Finland}}, {{w|Sweden}}

| 1998 || || The first downloadable mobile {{w|ringtone}} service is created and delivered in {{w|Finland}} when {{w|Radiolinja}} starts their service called Harmonium, invented by Vesa-Matti Pananen.<ref name="physicslover"/><ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,901040816-678568,00.html Time Magazine Europe: The Sweet Sound Of Success]</ref> || {{w|Finland}}|-| 1998 || Handset release || The {{w|Siemens S10}} is launched as the first mobile phone with a colour screen.<ref name="physicslover"/> || {{w|Germany}}|-| 1998 || Handset release || The {{w|Nokia 5110}} is released. It becomes an instant success and kickstarted the vogue for customising your handset."<ref name="physicslover"/> |||-| 1999 || Network technology || {{w|Wireless Application Protocol}} (WAP) {{w|technical standard}} is made available for mobile devices.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/> || |-| 1999 || Mobile operating system || {{w|Nokia}} {{w|Series 40}} {{w|mobile operating system}} is introduced with the release of {{w|Nokia 7110}} device.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nokia Series 40: over 1.5 billion served|url=https://www.engadget.com/2012/01/25/nokia-s40-sales-reach-1-5-billion/|website=engadget.com|accessdate=19 August 2017}}</ref> |||-| 1999 || Digital mobile telephony introduction || Digital mobile telephony is commercially introduced in {{w|Algeria}}, {{w|Angola}}, {{w|Belarus}}, {{w|Central African Republic}}, {{w|Democratic Republic of Congo}}, {{w|Cuba}}, {{w|Ethiopia}}, {{w|Guatemala}}, {{w|Haiti}}, {{w|Jamaica}}, {{w|Kazakhstan}}, {{w|Maldives}}, {{w|Nepal}}, {{w|Syria}}, {{w|West Bank}} and {{w|Gaza}}.<ref name="Diffusion of Digital Mobile Telephony: Are Developing Countries Different?"/> || {{w|Algeria}}, {{w|Angola}}, {{w|Belarus}}, {{w|Central African Republic}}, {{w|Democratic Republic of Congo}}, {{w|Cuba}}, Ethiopia}}, {{w|Guatemala}}, {{w|Haiti}}, {{w|Jamaica}}, {{w|Kazakhstan}}, {{w|Maldives}}, {{w|Nepal}}, {{w|Syria}}, {{w|West Bank}}, {{w|Gaza}}|-| 1999 || || {{w|Shigetaka Kurita}} in Japan invents the {{w|emojis}}.<ref name="physicslover"/> || {{w|Japan}}|-| 1999 || Handset release || The BlackBerry 850 launches as the first BlackBerry phone. It would become famous for its super-easy email service.<ref name="physicslover"/> |||- | 1999 || Handset release || The {{w|Motorola Timeport}} is released. It is the first tri-band GSM phone, meaning it works "everywhere around the world".<ref name="physicslover"/> |||-| 1999 || {{w|Mobile payment}} || Movie tickets become available for purchase through {{w|mobile payment}}.<ref name="The History of Mobile Pay">{{cite web |title=The History of Mobile Pay |url=https://emspayments.com/history-of-mobile-pay/ |website=emspayments.com |accessdate=24 July 2019}}</ref> |||-| 1999–2002 || Network technology || {{w|Globalstar}} is released as a LEO system, consisting in 48 satellites that are launched about the same time as the Iridium constellation. Globalstar begins offering service in October 1999, though it would go into bankruptcy in 2002. A further reorganized Globalstar LP would continue to provide service thereafter.<ref name="Mobile telephone britannica"/> |||-| 1999 || {{w|Mobile payment}} || The first mobile commercial payment system to mimic banks and credit cards is launched in the Philippines, simultaneously by mobile operators {{w|Globe Telecom}} and {{w|Smart Communications}}.<ref name="cellular phone prezi">{{cite web|title=cellular phone|url=https://prezi.com/nfutwp_lsz5h/cellular-phone/|website=prezi.com|accessdate=25 July 2017}}</ref> ||

| 1999 2000 || Product release Network technology || {{w|NokiaGlobal System for Mobile Communications}} (GSM) networks evolve into {{w|Series 40General Packet Radio Service}} {{w|mobile operating system}} is introduced with the release of {{w|Nokia 7110}} device(GPRS) (2.5G) and become available. The first GPRS-compatible handsets become available for sale.<refname="Building a Dedicated GSM">{{cite webbook |last1=El Khoury |first1=Franjieh |last2=Zgheib |first2=Antoine |title=Nokia Series 40Building a Dedicated GSM GPS Module Tracking System for Fleet Management: over 1.5 billion servedHardware and Software |url=https://wwwbooks.engadgetgoogle.com.ar/2012/01/25/nokia-s40-sales-reach-1-5-billion/|websitebooks?id=Es5JDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA2030&lpg=PA2030&dq=In+2000+the+first+commercial+GPRS+services+were+launched&source=bl&ots=9azzvOlB73&sig=ACfU3U3ia2MWT52M7tZKpCPixNdJlH3I1g&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQl7XEt9DjAhXxK7kGHdiOAg4Q6AEwAHoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=engadget.com|accessdateIn%202000%20the%20first%20commercial%20GPRS%20services%20were%20launched&f=19 August 2017false}}</ref><ref name="Introduction to the History of Computing: A Computing History Primer"/> ||

| 1999 2000 || Digital mobile telephony introduction Handset release || Digital mobile telephony is commercially introduced in The {{w|Algeria}}, {{w|Angola}}, {{w|Belarus}}, {{w|Central African Republic}}, {{w|Democratic Republic of Congo}}, {{w|Cuba}}, Ethiopia}}, {{w|Guatemala}}, {{w|Haiti}}, {{w|Jamaica}}, {{w|Kazakhstan}}, {{w|Maldives}}, {{w|Nepal}}, {{w|Syria}}, {{w|West Bank}} and {{w|GazaNokia 9210 Communicator}}is launched as the first serious attempt at an internet-enabled mobile phone.<ref name="Diffusion of Digital Mobile Telephony: Are Developing Countries Different?physicslover"/> || {{w|Algeria}}, {{w|Angola}}, {{w|Belarus}}, {{w|Central African Republic}}, {{w|Democratic Republic of Congo}}, {{w|Cuba}}, Ethiopia}}, {{w|Guatemala}}, {{w|Haiti}}, {{w|Jamaica}}, {{w|Kazakhstan}}, {{w|Maldives}}, {{w|Nepal}}, {{w|Syria}}, {{w|West Bank}}, {{w|Gaza}}

| 1999–2002 2000 (June) || Handset release || South Korean [[w:Multinational corporation|multinational]] [[w:Conglomerate (company)|conglomerate]] {{w|GlobalstarSamsung}} releases {{w|SCH-V200}} is released as a LEO system, consisting which integrates {{w|digital camera}} and {{w|mobile phone}} in 48 satellites a unit that are launched about the same time as the Iridium constellation. Globalstar begins offering service in October 1999can take up to 20 pictures at 640 x 480 (350,000 {{w|pixel}} [[w:Charge-coupled device|CCD]], though it would go into bankruptcy in 2002. A further reorganized Globalstar LP would continue to provide service thereafter1 MB internal storage).<ref name="Mobile telephone britannica">{{cite web|title=Samsung integrate digital camera and phone|url=https://www.dpreview.com/articles/1013905500/samsungdigiphone|website=dpreview.com|accessdate=27 July 2017}}</ref> ||{{w|South Korea}}

| 1999 2000 (November) || Handset release || The first mobile commercial payment system to mimic banks and credit cards is launched in the Philippines, simultaneously by mobile operators Japanese multinational {{w|Globe TelecomSharp Corporation}} and releases the {{w|Smart CommunicationsJ-SH04}}mobile phone, the first ever phone with a built-in [[w:camera phone|camera]] (110,000-pixel CMOS) and [[w:color|color display]] (256-color display).<ref name="cellular phone prezi">{{cite web|title=cellular phoneSharp J-SH04: World’s First Ever Phone With Integrated Camera|url=httpshttp://prezigadgetizor.com/nfutwp_lsz5h/cellularsharp-j-sh04-worlds-first-ever-phone-with-integrated-camera-pictures-2001/5482/|websitepublisher=preziDigitizor Media & Web, Inc.com|accessdate=25 July 201726 August 2012}}</ref> ||{{w|Japan}}

| 2000 || Network launch Digital mobile telephony introduction || Digital mobile telephony is commercially introduced in {{w|Global System for Mobile CommunicationsDominica}}, {{w|Grenada}}, {{w|Santa Lucia}}, {{w|Anguilla}}, {{w|Benin}}, {{w|Burundi}}, {{w|Chad}}, {{w|Equatorial Guinea}}, {{w|Honduras}}, {{w|Mali}}, {{w|Marshall Islands}}, {{w|Mauritania}}, {{w|Sierra Leone}} (GSM) networks evolve into , {{w|General Packet Radio ServiceTajikistan}} (GPRS) (2.5G) and become available{{w|Turkmenistan}}.<ref name="Introduction to the History Diffusion of ComputingDigital Mobile Telephony: A Computing History PrimerAre Developing Countries Different?"/> ||{{w|Dominica}}, {{w|Grenada}}, {{w|Santa Lucia}}, {{w|Anguilla}}, {{w|Benin}}, {{w|Burundi}}, {{w|Chad}}, {{w|Equatorial Guinea}}, {{w|Honduras}}, {{w|Mali}}, {{w|Marshall Islands}}, {{w|Mauritania}}, {{w|Sierra Leone}}, {{w|Tajikistan}}, {{w|Turkmenistan}}

| 2000 (June) || Product release {{w|Mobile phones on aircraft}} | South Korean [[w:Multinational corporation|multinational]] A study by the [[w:Conglomerate Civil Aviation Authority (companyUnited Kingdom)|conglomerateBritish Civil Aviation Authority]] {{w|Samsung}} releases {{w|SCH-V200}}, which integrates {{w|digital camera}} and {{w|finds that a mobile phone}} , when used near the cockpit or other avionics equipment location, will exceed safety levels for older equipment (compliant with 1984 standards). Such equipment is still in use, even in a unit that can take up to 20 pictures at 640 x 480 (350new aircraft. Therefore, the report concludes, the current policy,000 {{w|pixel}} [[w:Charge-coupled device|CCD]]which restricts the use of mobile phones on all aircraft while the engines are running, 1 MB internal storage)should remain in force.<ref name="">{{cite web|title=Samsung integrate digital camera and phoneInterference Levels In Aircraft at Radio Frequencies used by Portable Telephones |website=web.archive.org |accessdate=19 October 2019 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070616083454/http://www.dpreviewcaa.comco.uk/articlesdocs/1013905500389/samsungdigiphone|website=dpreviewsrg_acp_00021-01-030303.com|accessdate=27 July 2017pdf}}</ref> || {{w|South KoreaUnited Kingdom}}

| 2000 2001 (NovemberOctober) || Product Handset release || Japanese multinational {{w|Sharp CorporationNokia 5510}} releases the is released, featuring a full {{w|J-SH04QWERTY}} mobile phone, the first ever phone with a built-in [[{{w:camera phone|camera]] (110,000-pixel CMOS) and [[w:color|color display]] (256-color display)keyboard}}.<ref>{{cite web|titlename=Sharp J"Week 3-SH04: World’s First Ever Phone With Integrated Camera|url=http://gadgetizor.com/sharp-j-sh04-worlds-first-everTimeline of the cell-phone-with-integrated-camera-pictures-2001/5482/|publisher=Digitizor Media & Web, Inc.|accessdate=26 August 2012}}<"/ref> || {{w|Japan}}

| 2000 2001 (October)|| Digital mobile telephony introduction Network technology || Digital mobile telephony is commercially introduced in The third generation of {{w|Dominicawireless}}, mobile telecommunications technology {{w|Grenada3G}}, ({{w|Santa LuciaFOMA}}, {{[[w:WCDMA|Anguilla}}W-CDMA]] services on the 2GHz) is launched in Japan, with a system offered by {{w|Benin}}, {{w|BurundiNTT DoCoMo}}.<ref name="Mobile telephone britannica"/> For the first time, mobile devices are fast enough to support {{w|Chad}}, {{w|Equatorial Guinea}}, {{w|Honduras}}, {{w|Mali}}, {{w|Marshall Islands}}, {{w|Mauritania}}, {{w|Sierra Leone}}, {{w|Tajikistanonline video}} and {{w|Turkmenistan}}music streaming. <ref name="History of Mobile Cell Phones || {{w|Dominica}}The First Cell Phone To Present Time"/> Developed to serve data communication, 3G can send 10 times more data than {{w|Grenada2G}}, .<ref name="Third generation system. wireless-communications">{{wcite web|Santa Lucia}}, {{wtitle=Third generation system. wireless-communications|Anguilla}}, {{wurl=https://www.coursera.org/learn/wireless-communications/lecture/llFM4/1-3-third-generation-system-3g|Benin}}, {{wwebsite=coursera.org|Burundiaccessdate=29 July 2017}}, {{w</ref> |Chad}}, {{w|Equatorial Guinea}}, {{w|Honduras}}, {{w|Mali}}, {{w|Marshall Islands}}, {{w|Mauritania}}, {{w|Sierra Leone}}, {{w|Tajikistan}}, {{w|TurkmenistanJapan}}

| 2001 (October) || Product release Mobile payment || {{w|Nokia 5510}} is released, featuring a full {{w|QWERTY}} {{w|keyboard}}Mobile commerce reaches $2.4 billion worldwide.<ref name="Week 3- Timeline The History of the cell-phoneMobile Pay"/> ||

| 2001 (October)|| Network launch Technology || The third generation popularity of {{w|wirelessvoice over IP}} mobile telecommunications technology {{w|3G}} ({{w|FOMA}} [[w:WCDMA|Wgrows with startlingly rapid progress, with the number of installed voice-over-CDMA]] services on IP networks, the 2GHz) is launched number of players in Japanthe voice-over-IP arena, with a system offered by {{w|NTT DoCoMo}}.<ref name="Mobile telephone britannica"/> For the first timedollars spent on voice-over-IP products, mobile devices are fast enough to support {{w|online video}} the number of channels shipped and music streaming.<ref name="History even the capacity of Mobile Cell Phones | The First Cell Phone To Present Time"/> Developed to serve data communicationvoice-over-IP products, 3G can send 10 times more data than {{w|2G}}all having doubled within a year.<ref name="Third generation system. wireless-communications">{{cite webbook |title=Third generation system. wireless-communicationsNetwork World 29 Jan 2001 |url=https://wwwbooks.google.courseracom.orgar/learn/wireless-communications/lecture/llFM4/1books?id=dBsEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA61&lpg=PA61&dq=%22Voice+over+IP%22+%22in+1970..2015%22&source=bl&ots=GNFd6MjzMu&sig=ACfU3U1B-30AvlbBUFxrFpmlwWV5-third-generation-system-3g|websiteA3GUGw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjC49aw587jAhUJpFkKHczuB_oQ6AEwCXoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=coursera%22Voice%20over%20IP%22%20%22in%201970.org|accessdate.2015%22&f=29 July 2017false}}</ref> || {{w|Japan}}

| 2002 || Product Handset release || The {{w|Handspring (company)|Handspring]]'s {{w|Treo 180}} is released. It is the first smartphone that fully integrates the {{w|smart Palm OS}} on a GSM mobile phonehaving telephony, SMS messaging and Internet access built into the OS. The 180 model has a thumb-type keyboard and the [[w:Treo 180g|180g]] version has a [[w:Graffiti (Palm OS)|Graffiti]] handwriting recognition area, instead.<ref>{{cite web|title=Handspring Treo Communicator 180 |publisher=mobiletechreview.com |accessdate=2016-02-01 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617023521/http://www.mobiletechreview.com/handspring_treo.htm |archive-date=June 17, 2016 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }} is invented.</ref><ref name="cell phone Timeline"/><ref name="Week 3- Timeline of the cell-phone"/> ||

| 2002 || Product Handset release || The {{w|Sanyo SCP–5300}} is released. It allows users to view photos on a screen for the first time, instead of plugging it into a computer.<ref name="cell phone Timeline"/><ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/> ||

| 2002 || Mobile payment || Mobile payment is introduced in {{w|China}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=To Pay or Not to Pay: The Dilemmas of an Emerging Business Ecosystem – The Case of Mobile Payments |url=http://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/127342/guo_jie.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y |website=doria.fi |accessdate=24 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|China}}|-| 2003 || Product Handset release || The {{w|Nokia 1100}} is released. It would become the biggest–selling phone of all time.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/> |||-| 2003 || Handset release || A Blackberry phone, integrating a phone with fully functioning email, web browsing and the Blackberry Messenger, is launched.<ref name="physicslover"/> |||-| 2003 || Mobile payment || An estimated 95 million users worldwide make purchases with their mobile phones.<ref name="The History of Mobile Pay"/> || |-| 2003–2007 || Expansion || Mobile phone users surpass those using {{w|landline}} telephone in the United States.<ref name="L’Histoire du Wi-Fi"/> || {{w|United States}}

| 2005 2004 || Product Handset release || The {{w|Casio GZ'OneMotorola Razr V3}} is released as . It would be the first waterproof last great flip phone. Very thin at only 14mm.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phonephysicslover"/> ||

| 2005 || Handset release || The {{w|Casio GZ'One}} is released as the first waterproof phone.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/> |||-| 2005 || {{w|Mobile operating system}} || [[w:Android (operating system)|Android]] is acquired by {{w|Google}}. This step shows that Google is serious about developing mobile technology.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/> || {{w|United States}}

| 2006 (June) || Network launch technology || The world's first commercial {{w|mobile WiMAX}} service is opened by [[w:KT (telecommunication company)|KT]] in {{w|Seoul}}. <ref name="kt">{{cite web |url=http://www.biztechreport.com/story/1619-super-fast-4g-wireless-service-launching-south-korea |title=Super-Fast 4G Wireless Service Launching in South Korea |last=Shukla |first=Anuradha |date=October 10, 2011 |work=Asia-Pacific Business and Technology Report |accessdate=28 July 2017}}</ref> || {{w|South Korea}}

| 2006 (August) || {{w|Mobile phones on aircraft}} || Irish airline {{w|Ryanair}} announces that it would introduce a facility to allow passengers to use their mobile phones in-flight.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/2006/0830/ryanair-business.html |title=RTÉ Business: Ryanair signs OnAir deal for in-flight mobiles |publisher=Rte.ie |date=2006-08-30 |accessdate=23 July 2019}}</ref> |||-| 2006 || Mobile payment || {{w|Mobile payment}} is introduced in India.<ref>{{cite web |title=Globsyn Management lobsyn Management lobsyn Management Conference 2018 |url=https://www.globsyn.edu.in/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/3rd%20Globsyn%20Management%20Conference.pdf |website=globsyn.edu.in |accessdate=24 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|India}}|-| 2007 || Product Handset release || {{w|Steve Jobs}} unveils the Apple {{w|Iphone}}, which is released. It has finger–input touchscreen, no keyboard, intuitive interface and apps<ref name="cell phone Timeline"/><ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/><ref name="Constant Touch: A Global History of the Mobile Phone"/> ||

| 2007 || Network launch technology || The first {{w|4G}} network is launched in {{w|South Korea}}.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/> || {{w|South Korea}}|-| 2007 || Technology || {{w|T-Mobile US}} rolls out a service, T-Mobile HotSpot@Home, that allows a single handset to switch seamlessly from cellular to Wi-Fi access in the home and at the 8,900 T-Mobile Hotspot locations in the United States.<ref>{{cite book |title=Plunkett's Telecommunications Industry Almanac 2009 |edition=Jack W. Plunkett |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=6PUiN5cE7-QC&pg=PT49&lpg=PT49&dq=%22mobile+hotspot%22+%22in+1990..2010%22&source=bl&ots=V03D_VFM35&sig=ACfU3U3QW8mAEihjO-TvCm_bonlTRfs50w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwipkKHmleDjAhWFA9QKHcdrCQAQ6AEwAXoECAMQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22mobile%20hotspot%22%20%22in%201990..2010%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}|-| 2007 (June 29) || Handset/{{w|mobile operating system}} release || {{w|Apple Inc.}} launches the [[w:iPhone (1st generation)|first-generation iPhone]], along with its mobile operating system {{w|iOS}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=June 29, 2007: Apple Introduces the iPhone (First Apple Cell Phone) |url=https://www.historyandheadlines.com/june-29-2007-apple-introduces-iphone-first-apple-cell-phone/ |website=historyandheadlines.com |accessdate=19 October 2019}}</ref> ||

| 2008 || Product Handset release || {{w|HTC}} corporation releases the {{w|HTC Dream}} the first commercially released device to use the {{w|Linux}}-based [[w:Android (operating system)|Android]] operating system.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/> ||

| 2008 (july 10) || Product Handset release || The {{w|App Store (iOS)}} is launched, featuring 552 apps, 135 of which are free.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/> ||

| 2008 || Technology || Several mobile phone providers in the {{w|United States}} start to include {{w|IPv6}} capabilities in their phones.<ref>{{cite web |title=IPv6 on Your Mobile Phone |url=https://www.networkworld.com/article/2233853/cisco-subnet-ipv6-on-your-mobile-phone.html |website=networkworld.com |accessdate=6 August 2019}}</ref> IPv6 is the most recent version of the {{w|Internet Protocol}} (IP), the communications protocol that provides an identification and location system for computers on networks and routes traffic across the {{w|Internet}}. || {{w|United States}}|-| 2009 (January) || Product launch Mobile application || {{w|Whatsapp}} is launched.<ref name="1876 to 2015 – the History of the Mobile Phone"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Whatsapp Success Story|url=https://successstory.com/products/whatsapp|website=successstory.com|accessdate=26 July 2017}}</ref> |||-| 2009 || Network technology || Swedish telephone company [[w:Telia Company|TeliaSonera]] introduces the first {{w|4G}} [[w:LTE (telecommunication)|LTE]] network in {{w|Stockholm}}.<ref name="Mobile telephone britannica"/> || {{w|Sweden}}|-| 2009 || Mobile payment || The mobile payment market reaches US$69 billion in sales.<ref name="The History of Mobile Pay"/> |||-| 2010 || Handset release || {{w|Samsung Galaxy S}} smartphone is launched. Usurping former [[w:Android (operating system)|Android]] giant {{w|HTC}}, the Samsung Galaxy S range is still the most popular Android brand.<ref name="physicslover"/> ||

| 2009 2010 (June 7) || Network launch Technology || Swedish telephone company [[Apple announces {{w:Telia Company|TeliaSonera]] introduces the first FaceTime}} in conjunction with {{w|4GiPhone 4}} [[w:LTE (telecommunication)|LTE]] network in . A {{w|Stockholmvideotelephony product}}, FaceTime uses the device's front-facing camera to show the caller to the receiver, and vice versa. FaceTime works anywhere there is Wi-Fi.<ref name>{{cite web |title=Apple Presents iPhone 4 |url="Mobile telephone britannica"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FaceTime |website=apple.com |accessdate=23 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|SwedenUnited States}}

| 2014 (June) || Technology || Apple announces WiFi calling for {{w|iPhone}} users with {{w|iOS 8}}. The new feature allows users to make and receive calls as well as send messages through a WiFi connection rather than using their voice or data plan.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kahn |first1=Jordan |title=T-Mobile confirms WiFi calling arriving for iPhone users with iOS 8 |url=https://9to5mac.com/2014/06/02/t-mobile-confirms-wifi-calling-arriving-for-iphone-users-with-ios-8/ |website=9to5mac.com |accessdate=23 July 2019}}</ref> |||-| 2015 (April) || Technology || WhatsApp Call is introduced for {{w|Android}} and {{w|iOS}} as a new voice calling service, enabling users to make phone calls over the {{w|Internet}}.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Patkar |first1=Mihir |title=WhatsApp Voice Call: Everything You Need to Know |url=https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/whatsapp-voice-call-everything-you-need-to-know/ |website=makeuseof.com |accessdate=23 July 2019}}</ref> |||-| 2015 (August) || Technology || {{w|Deutsche Telekom}} starts to roll out {{w|IPv6}} (dual stack) in their mobile network.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Telekom-startet-IPv6-Einfuehrung-im-Mobilfunknetz-2741029.html|title=Telekom startet IPv6-Einführung im Mobilfunknetz|date=2015-07-08|access-date=2019-01-27|last=Zivadinovic|first=Dusan|work=Heise Online|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127225202/https://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Telekom-startet-IPv6-Einfuehrung-im-Mobilfunknetz-2741029.html|archive-date=2019-01-27|dead-url=no|language=de}}</ref> || {{w|Germany}}|-| 2015 (September) || Program launch || {{w|Verizon Communications}} announces a roadmap to begin testing {{w|5G}} in field trials in the United States in 2016.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.verizon.com/about/news/verizon-sets-roadmap-5g-technology-us-field-trials-start-2016 | title=Verizon sets roadmap to 5G technology in U.S.; Field trials to start in 2016 | publisher=Verizon | date=8 September 2015 | accessdate=29 July 2017}}</ref>|||-| 2015 (October) || Technology || {{w|AT&T}} first introduces Wi-Fi calling, a feature that allows customers to place calls over {{w|Wi-Fi}} in instances where a cellular connection is poor.<ref>{{cite web |title=AT&T Expands Wi-Fi Calling to Cover International Calls to U.S. When Traveling |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2016/03/22/att-international-wi-fi-calling/|website=macrumors.com |accessdate=23 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}, {{w|Puerto Rico}}, {{w|Virgin Islands}} |-| 2015 || Mobile payment || {{w|Samsung Pay}} launches in {{w|South Korea}} as a mobile payment and digital wallet service that lets users make payments using compatible phones and other {{w|Samsung}}-produced devices.<ref>{{cite web |title=Samsung Pay Now Available in Six Continents, Accelerating Global Expansion |url=https://news.samsung.com/global/samsung-pay-now-available-in-six-continents-accelerating-global-expansion |website=news.samsung.com |accessdate=29 July 2019}}</ref><ref name="The History of Mobile Pay"/> || {{w|South Korea}}|-| 2015 (September 11) || Mobile payment || {{w|Android Pay}} is released as a {{w|digital wallet}} platform and online payment system developed by Google to power in-app and tap-to-pay purchases on mobile devices.<ref>{{cite web |title=Google officially launches new NFC payment service Android Pay |url=https://www.extremetech.com/mobile/214039-google-officially-launches-new-nfc-payment-service-android-pay |website=extremetech.com |accessdate=29 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}|-| 2016 (February) || || {{w|NTT DoCoMo}} and {{w|Ericsson}} succeed in World's first trial to achieve a cumulative 20Gbit/s with two simultaneously connected mobile devices in {{w|5G}} outdoor trial.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nttdocomo.co.jp/english/info/media_center/pr/2016/0222_03.html|title=DOCOMO and Ericsson Succeed in World's first trial to achieve a cumulative 20Gbps with two simultaneously connected mobile devices in 5G Outdoor Trial|work={{w|NTT DoCoMo}}|date=February 22, 2016|accessdate=July 14, 2017}}</ref> |||-| 2016 || Mobile application || The {{w|Pokemon Go}} app launches worldwide, using a free augmented reality game by means of the smartphone camera and location to show Pokemon characters in the real world. The game is massively adopted worldwide.<ref name="physicslover"/> |||-| 2017 (April) || Network technology || {{w|Huawei}} announces having jointly with {{w|Telenor}} conducted successful {{w|5G}} tests with speeds up to 70 Gbit/s in a controlled lab environment in {{w|Norway}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=Telenor and Huawei Jointly Announce First 5G Demo in Norway|url=http://www.huawei.com/en/news/2017/3/Huawei-Telenor-First-5G-Demo-Norway|website=huawei.com|accessdate=29 July 2017}}</ref> || {{w|Norway}}|-| 2017 (April) || Technology || All {{w|Regional Internet Registries}} confirm that {{w|IPv4}} addresses are exhausted and cannot be allocated any more, implying all new organizations requesting a block of Internet addresses would be allocated {{w|IPv6}} addresses.<ref>{{cite web |title=IPv6 Is A Failure - Time To Move On |url=https://www.i-programmer.info/news/81-web-general/12160-ipv6-is-a-failure-time-to-move-on.html |website=i-programmer.info |accessdate=19 October 2019}}</ref> |||-| 2017 (July) || Network technology || {{w|Telecom Italia Mobile}} signs a memorandum of understanding with the government of {{w|San Marino}} to upgrade its {{w|4G}} network to {{w|5G}}. It would be the first nationwide 5G network in the world.<ref>{{cite web|title=San Marino set to get Europe's first super-fast 5G mobile network|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2017/07/17/reuters-america-san-marino-set-to-get-europes-first-super-fast-5g-mobile-network.html|website=cnbc.com|accessdate=29 July 2017}}</ref> || {{w|Italy}}, {{w|San Marino}}

| 2016 (February) 2017 || Mobile operating system || {{w|NTT DoCoMo}} and {{w|EricssonKaiOS}} succeed in World's first trial to achieve launches as a cumulative 20Gbit/s with two simultaneously connected mobile devices in Mobile operating system based on {{w|5GLinux}} outdoor trial.<ref>{{cite news web |title=Meet The Devices That Are Powered by KaiOS |url=https://www.nttdocomokaiostech.co.jpcom/english/info/media_center/prmeet-the-devices-that-are-powered-by-kaios/2016/0222_03.html|titlewebsite=DOCOMO and Ericsson Succeed in World's first trial to achieve a cumulative 20Gbps with two simultaneously connected mobile devices in 5G Outdoor Trial|work=[[NTT DoCoMo]]|date=February 22, 2016kaiostech.com |accessdate=July 14, 201719 October 2019}}</ref> ||

| 2017 (April) || Network technology || As of date, more than 90% of the world's population is expected to have {{w|Huawei2G}} announces having jointly with coverage, 85% is expected to have {{w|Telenor3G}} conducted successful coverage, and 50% {{w|5G}} tests with speeds up to 70 Gbit/s in a controlled lab environment in {{w|Norway4G}}coverage.<refname=Ericsson-Nov2012>{{cite web|title=Telenor and Huawei Jointly Announce First 5G Demo in Norway|url=[http://www.huaweiericsson.com/enres/newsdocs/20172012/3/Huaweiericsson-Telenormobility-Firstreport-5Gnovember-Demo-Norway|website=huawei2012.com|accessdate=29 July 2017}}pdf ''Ericsson Mobility Report''], Ericsson, November 2012</ref> || {{w|Norway}}

| 2017 2020 (JulyMarch) || Network technology || The {{w|Telecom Italia Mobile}} signs a memorandum of understanding with the government of {{w|San MarinoLondon Underground}} is expected to upgrade its get {{w|4G}} network to {{w|5G}}. It would be the first nationwide 5G network access in the worldits tunnels and stations by this time.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Porter |first1=Jon |title=San Marino set 4G is coming to get Europe's first super-fast 5G mobile networkthe London Underground’s tunnels next year |url=https://www.cnbctheverge.com/20172019/077/1719/reuters20700451/london-underground-4g-tunnels-cellular-americareception-sanmobile-marinophones |website=theverge.com |accessdate=29 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=4G on Jubilee line tunnel section from March 2020 |url=https://tfl.gov.uk/info-setfor/media/press-toreleases/2019/july/4g-geton-europesjubilee-firstline-supertunnel-fastsection-5gfrom-mobilemarch-network.html2020 |website=cnbctfl.gov.comuk |accessdate=29 July 20172019}}</ref> || {{w|Italy}}, {{w|San MarinoUnited Kingdom}}