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| Middle Age/Renaissance|| Rejuvenating or stopping the aging process is a major concern in this period.<ref name=history-of-research>{{cite journal |author1=Andrea Grignolio |author2=Claudio Franceschi |title=History of Research into Ageing/Senescence |url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9780470015902.a0023955/abstract |doi=10.1002/9780470015902.a0023955 |journal=eLS}}</ref>
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|Renaissance–18th century || Some themes around which aging and senescence research revolves around revolve are the idea that senescence is itself an illness, the image of the aged body as a lamp in which life-fuel has run out, the character alterations of elders, and the attempt to prolong life through specific diet or by substituting damaged body parts.<ref name=history-of-research/>
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|Late 19th–20th century || Starting from the so-called "[[wikipedia:fin-de-siècle|fin-de-siècle]]" period, scientific optimism flourishes, and life-extensionism represents the most radical form of the trend.<ref name=ilia-stambler>{{cite book |date=2014 |title=A History of Life-Extensionism In The Twentieth Century |url= |location=Rison Lezion, Israel |publisher=Longevity History |page= |isbn=1500818577}}</ref> Life expectancy starts to rise in the Western world.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy/ |title=Life Expectancy}}</ref>
