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| 1956 || Foundation || The National Library of Medicine (NLM) is established as an institute of the NIH.<ref name="List of NIH Institutes, Centers, and Offices"/> ||
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| 1961 (December) || Foundation || The NIH European Office is established in [[wikipedia:Paris|Paris]].<ref name="Chronology of Events"/> || [[wikipedia:France|France]]
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| 1962 || Foundation || The [[wikipedia:Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development]] (NICHD) and the [[wikipedia:National Institute of General Medical Sciences|National Institute of General Medical Sciences]] (NIGMS) are established as institutes of the NIH.<ref name="List of NIH Institutes, Centers, and Offices"/> ||
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| 1962 (July) || Foundation || The NIH Latin American Office is established in [[wikipedia:|Rio de Janeiro]].<ref name="Chronology of Events"/> || [[wikipedia:Brazil|Brazil]]
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| 1963 (January) || Foundation || The NIH Pacific Office is established in [[wikipedia:Tokyo|Tokyo]].<ref name="Chronology of Events"/> || [[wikipedia:Japan|Japan]]
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| 1963 (January) || Foundation || The [[wikipedia:National Institute of Child Health and Human Development|National Institute of Child Health and Human Development]] and the [[wikipedia:National Institute of General Medical Sciences|National Institute of General Medical Sciences]] are established.<ref name="Chronology of Events"/> ||
| 1968 (September) || Administration || Robert Q. Marston, M.D. succeeds James Shannon as director of the National Institute of Health. In office until January 1973.<ref name="NIH Directors"/> ||
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| 1968 (October) || || Dr. [[wikipedia:Marshall Warren Nirenberg|Marshall Warren Nirenberg]], chief of NIH's Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics, is awarded a [[wikipedia:Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]], for discovering the key to deciphering the genetic code.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1968/|website=nobelprize.org|accessdate=22 March 2017}}</ref><ref name="Chronology of Events"/> ||[[wikipedia:Sweden|Sweden]]
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| 1968 || Foundation || The [[wikipedia:Fogarty International Center|Fogarty International Center]] (FIC) is established as an institute of the NIH.<ref name="List of NIH Institutes, Centers, and Offices"/> Starting with a budget of $500,000 the first year, today the center's research, training and capacity-building enterprise extends to over 100 countries and involves some 5,000 scientists in the U.S. and abroad.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fic.nih.gov/About/Pages/History.aspx|title= History of the Fogarty International Center|website=nih.gov|accessdate=21 March 2017}}</ref> ||
| 1972 (May) || || The National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases (NIAMD) is renamed the National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolism, and Digestive Diseases (NIAMDD).<ref name="Chronology of Events"/> ||
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| 1972 || || Dr. Christian B. Anfinsen, researcher at NIAMDD, is awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his work on ribonuclease, especially concerning the connection between the amino acid sequence and the biologically active conformation".<ref>{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1972|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1972/|website=nobelprize.org|accessdate=22 March 2017}}</ref> || [[wikipedia:Sweden|Sweden]]
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| 1973 (May) || Administration || Robert S. Stone, M.D. succeeds Robert Marston as director of the National Institute of Health. In office until January 1975.<ref name="NIH Directors"/> ||
