Changes

! Year/period !! Key developments!! Key people !! Key organizations

| 1800s–1970 || Wild-animal suffering is occasionally mentioned by philosophers as an example of the amorality of nature. In general, there is little discussion of whether humans should intervene to improve the situation.|| Arthur Schopenhauer, Charles Darwin, John Stuart Mill ||

| 1970–2000 1970–2004 || After the emergence of the contemporary animal rights/welfare movement, wild-animal suffering is discussed by animal rights philosophers and their critics. The critics consider intervention in nature a reductio ad absurdum of animal rights, while some animal rights authors take it to be a serious moral issue.Most discussion takes place through journals, and discussion participants are mostly academics || Peter Singer, David Olivier, Yew Kwang-Ng, David Pearce (early emergence) ||

| 2000–present 2005–2012 || Online communities dedicated to utilitarian ethics and effective altruism discuss During this period, interest in wild-animal suffering blossoms with the help of the Internet. Prolific and passionate individuals such as Brian Tomasik, David Pearce, and Oscar Horta play a serious issue. Activists begin forming organizations dedicated to WAS research leading role in creating content and outreachbirthing online communities. The academic moral philosophy community also continues debating the issue.|| Brian Tomasik, David Pearce, Oscar Horta ||

! Year !! Month and date !! Event type !! People involved !! Details|-| 1851 || || Publication || Arthur Schopenhauer compares the pleasure experienced by a predator to the pain experienced by the prey to argue that the world contains more pain than pleasure.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Schopenhauer|first1=Arthur|title=On the Sufferings of the World|date=1851|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/On_the_Sufferings_of_the_World|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720223325/https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/On_the_Sufferings_of_the_World<!--https://archive.fo/GMP30-->|archivedate=2018-07-20|deadurl=no|quote=The pleasure in this world, it has been said, outweighs the pain; or, at any rate, there is an even balance between the two. If the reader wishes to see shortly whether this statement is true, let zir compare the respective feelings of two animals, one of which is engaged in eating the other.}}</ref>

| 1856 1851 || || Publication || {{dtsw|July 13Arthur Schopenhauer}} || Publication || In Arthur Schopenhauer compares the pleasure experienced by a letter predator to Joseph Dalton Hooker, Charles Darwin discusses the wastefulness and cruelty of nature as an evidence against pain experienced by the prey to argue that the existence of a benevolent Godworld contains more pain than pleasure.<ref name="Murray">{{cite book|last1=MurraySchopenhauer|first1=MichaelArthur|title=Nature Red in Tooth and Claw: Theism and On the Problem Sufferings of Animal Sufferingthe World|date=April 30, 20111851|publisherurl=Oxford University Presshttps://en.wikisource.org/wiki/On_the_Sufferings_of_the_World|isbn=978-0199596324|urlarchiveurl=https://wwwweb.archive.org/web/20180720223325/https://en.amazonwikisource.comorg/Naturewiki/On_the_Sufferings_of_the_World<!-Red-Tooth-Claw-Sufferinghttps:/dp/0199596328archive.fo/GMP30-->|archivedate=2018-07-20|deadurl=no|quote=The pleasure in this world, it has been said, outweighs the pain; or, at any rate, there is an even balance between the two. If the reader wishes to see shortly whether this statement is true, let him compare the respective feelings of two animals, one of which is engaged in eating the other.}}</ref>

| 1860 1856 || {{dts|May 22July 13}} || Publication || {{w|Charles Darwin}}, {{w|Joseph Dalton Hooker}} || In a letter to Asa GrayJoseph Dalton Hooker, Charles Darwin cites wild-animal suffering—in particular, discusses the suffering inflicted by parasitic wasps to caterpillar hosts—as wastefulness and cruelty of nature as an example of evidence against the theological [[wikipedia:problem existence of evil|problem of evil]]a benevolent God.<refname="Murray">{{cite web book|last1=Murray|first1=Michael|urltitle=httpsNature Red in Tooth and Claw://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/entry-2814 Theism and the Problem of Animal Suffering| titledate=Letter 2814&nbsp;— DarwinApril 30, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 22 May [1860] 2011|publisher=Oxford University Press|dateisbn= 978-0199596324|archiveurlurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721013446/https://www.darwinproject.acamazon.uk/lettercom/DCPNature-LETTRed-2814.xml<!Tooth-Claw-https:Suffering/dp/archive.is0199596328/u1c9H--> |archivedate=2018-07-21|deadurl=no|quote=With respect to the theological view of the question; this is always painful to me.— I am bewildered.— I had no intention to write atheistically. But I own that I cannot see, as plainly as others do, & as I [should] wish to do, evidence of design & beneficence on all sides of us. There seems to me too much misery in the world. I cannot persuade myself that a beneficent & omnipotent God would have designedly created the [[wikipedia:Ichneumonidae|Ichneumonidæ]] with the express intention of their feeding within the living bodies of caterpillars, or that a cat should play with mice.}}</ref>

| 1874 1860 || {{dts|May 22}} || Publication || John Stuart Mill's essay "On Nature" Charles Darwin, {{w|Asa Gray}} || In a letter to Asa Gray, Charles Darwin cites wild-animal suffering—in particular, the suffering inflicted by parasitic wasps to caterpillar hosts—as an example of the theological [[wikipedia:problem of evil|problem of evil]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/entry-2814 | title=Letter 2814&nbsp;— Darwin, C. R. to Gray, Asa, 22 May [1860] |date= |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721013446/https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/DCP-LETT-2814.xml<!--https://archive.is published posthumously. The essay discusses /u1c9H--> |archivedate=2018-07-21|deadurl=no|quote=With respect to the amorality and cruelty theological view of nature and argues the question; this is always painful to me.— I am bewildered.— I had no intention to write atheistically. But I own that humans I cannot see, as plainly as others do, & as I [should struggle against it] wish to do, evidence of design & beneficence on all sides of us.<ref>JS MillThere seems to me too much misery in the world. On NatureI cannot persuade myself that a beneficent & omnipotent God would have designedly created the [[wikipedia:Ichneumonidae|Ichneumonidæ]] with the express intention of their feeding within the living bodies of caterpillars, or that a cat should play with mice.}}</ref>

| 1973 1874 || || Publication || {{dtsw|June 14John Stuart Mill}} || Publication || [[wikipedia:Peter Singer|Peter Singer]] responds to a question about predation, arguing against interference in practice because John Stuart Mill's essay "On Nature" is published posthumously. The essay discusses the long-term consequences amorality and cruelty of intervention cannot be predicted. However, ze accepts nature and argues that intervention to reduce wild-animal suffering would be morally justified if one could be reasonably confident that the long-term effects would be positivehumans should struggle against it.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Singer|first1=Peter|title=Food for Thought|url=https://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/1973/jun/14/food-for-thought/|archiveurl=https://webJS Mill.archiveOn Nature.org/web/20180509205824/https://www.nybooks.com/articles/1973/06/14/food-for-thought/<!--https://archive.fo/WkUXS-->|archivedate=2018-05-09|deadurl=no|journal=The New York Review of Books|date=June 14, 1973}}</ref>

| 1979 1973 || {{dts|June 14}} || Publication || [[wikipedia:Stephen R. L. Clark{{w|Peter Singer}} ||Stephen R. L. Clark]]'s article "The Rights Peter Singer responds to a question about predation, arguing against interference in practice because the long-term consequences of Wild Things" is publishedintervention cannot be predicted. It argues However, he accepts that humans should defend intervention to reduce wild animals against unusually large dangers, but should not try to regulate all of nature-animal suffering would be morally justified if one could be reasonably confident that the long-term effects would be positive.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1080/00201747908601871|last1=ClarkSinger|first1=Stephen R. L.Peter|title= The Rights of Wild Things|journal=Inquiry|volume=22|number=1-4|pages=171-188|year=1979|publisher=RoutledgeFood for Thought|url=https://www.stafforininybooks.com/docsarticles/archives/1973/jun/14/Clark%20food-for-%20The%20rights%20of%20wild%20things.pdfthought/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018072200282920180509205824/httphttps://www.stafforininybooks.com/docsarticles/Clark%201973/06/14/food-%20The%20rights%20of%20wild%20thingsfor-thought/<!--https://archive.pdffo/WkUXS-->|archivedate=2018-0705-2209|deadurl=no|quotejournal=It has been argued that if non‐human animals had rights we should be obliged to defend them against predators. I contend that this either does not followThe New York Review of Books|date=June 14, follows in the abstract but not in practice, or is not absurd. We should defend non‐humans against large or unusual dangers, when we can, but should not claim so much authority as to regulate all the relationships of wild things.1973}}</ref>

| 1980 1979 || || Publication || Environmental philosopher [[wikipedia:J{{w|Stephen R. L. Baird CallicottClark}} |J| Stephen R. Baird Callicott]]L. Clark's article "Animal Liberation: A Triangular AffairThe Rights of Wild Things" is published. It discusses conflicts between animal liberation and environmental ethicsargues that humans should defend wild animals against unusually large dangers, but should not try to regulate all of nature.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1080/00201747908601871|last1=CallicottClark|first1=JStephen R. L. Baird|title=Animal Liberation: A Triangular AffairThe Rights of Wild Things|journal=Environmental Ethics|date=1980Inquiry|volume=222|issuenumber=1-4<!-- |pagepages=336 -171->188|pagesyear=311–3381979|doipublisher=10.5840/enviroethics19802424Routledge|url=httphttps://www.pdcnetstafforini.orgcom/8525737F00580E30docs/file/8813D88B6BDC1D56C12573E50035E78D/$FILE/enviroethics_1980_0002_0004_0023_0050Clark%20-%20The%20rights%20of%20wild%20things.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018040917135720180722002829/httpshttp://www.pdcnetstafforini.orgcom/8525737F00580E30docs/file/8813D88B6BDC1D56C12573E50035E78D/$FILE/enviroethics_1980_0002_0004_0023_0050Clark%20-%20The%20rights%20of%20wild%20things.pdf|archivedate=2018-0407-0922|deadurl=no|quote=It has been argued that if non‐human animals had rights we should be obliged to defend them against predators. I contend that this either does not follow, follows in the abstract but not in practice, or is not absurd. We should defend non‐humans against large or unusual dangers, when we can, but should not claim so much authority as to regulate all the relationships of wild things.}}</ref>

| 1984 1980 || (summer) || Publication || {{w|J. Baird Callicott}} || Environmental philosopher Mark SagoffJ. Baird Callicott's article "Animal Liberation and Environmental Ethics: Bad Marriage, Quick DivorceA Triangular Affair" is published. It discusses conflicts between animal liberation and environmental ethics.<ref name=Sagoff1984>{{cite journal|lastlast1=SagoffCallicott|firstfirst1=MarkJ. Baird|title=Animal Liberation and Environmental Ethics: Bad Marriage, Quick DivorceA Triangular Affair|journal=Osgode Hall Law JournalEnvironmental Ethics|yeardate=19841980|volume=222|issue=24<!-- |page=336 -->|pages=297–307311–338|doi=10.5840/enviroethics19802424|url=httpshttp://digitalcommonswww.osgoodepdcnet.yorku.caorg/8525737F00580E30/file/8813D88B6BDC1D56C12573E50035E78D/cgi$FILE/viewcontentenviroethics_1980_0002_0004_0023_0050.cgi?article=1936&context=ohljpdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2016060221520620180409171357/https://digitalcommonswww.osgoodepdcnet.yorku.caorg/8525737F00580E30/file/8813D88B6BDC1D56C12573E50035E78D/cgi$FILE/viewcontentenviroethics_1980_0002_0004_0023_0050.cgi?article=1936&context=ohljpdf|archivedate=20162018-0604-0209|deadurl=no}}</ref> The article argues that animal liberation and environmental ethics are incompatible. It claims that animal liberationists may be committed to supporting large-scale intervention to reduce wild-animal suffering, and argues that this should be taken as a reductio if one supports environmental ethics.

| 1987 1984 || (summer) || Publication || Animal rights Mark Sagoff || Environmental philosopher [[wikipedia:Steve Sapontzis|Steve Sapontzis]]Mark Sagoff's article "PredationAnimal Liberation and Environmental Ethics: Bad Marriage, Quick Divorce" is published in ''Ethics and Animals''.<refname=Sagoff1984>{{cite journal |last1last=Sapontzis Sagoff|first1first=Steve F. Mark|title=Predation Animal Liberation and Environmental Ethics: Bad Marriage, Quick Divorce|journal=Ethics and Animals Osgode Hall Law Journal|dateyear=1984 |volume=5 22|issue=2 |doipages=10.15368/ea.1984v5n2.1 297–307|url=https://digitalcommons.calpolyosgoode.yorku.educa/ethicsandanimals/vol5/iss2/4cgi/ viewcontent.cgi?article=1936&context=ohlj|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018071217023120160602215206/https://digitalcommons.calpolyosgoode.yorku.educa/ethicsandanimals/vol5/iss2/4cgi/ viewcontent.cgi?article=1936&context=ohlj|archivedate=20182016-0706-12 02|deadurl=no |language=en |issn=0197-9094}}</ref>The article argues that animal liberation and environmental ethics are incompatible. It claims that animal liberationists may be committed to supporting large-scale intervention to reduce wild-animal suffering, and argues that this should be taken as a reductio if one supports environmental ethics.

| 1991 1987 || || Publication || Deep ecologist [[wikipedia:Arne Naess{{w|Steve Sapontzis}} ||Arne Naess]] publishes an Animal rights philosopher Steve Sapontzis's article arguing that humans should intervene "Predation" is published in some cases of wild-animal suffering''Ethics and Animals''.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=NaessSapontzis |first1=ArneSteve F. |title=Should We Try to Relieve Clear Cases of Suffering in Nature?Predation |journal=Pan EcologyEthics and Animals |date=19911984 |volume=65 |pagesissue=1–52 |doi=10.15368/ea.1984v5n2.1 |url=https://wwwdigitalcommons.abolitionistcalpoly.comedu/ethicsandanimals/reprogrammingvol5/iss2/4/suffering-nature.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2016112015070320180712170231/https://wwwdigitalcommons.abolitionist.com/reprogramming/suffering-naturecalpoly.pdf<!--https:edu/ethicsandanimals/www.webcitation.org/713wSNSo3, https:vol5/iss2/archive.fo4/GCANh-->|archivedate=20162018-1107-2012 |deadurl=no|language=en |issn=0197-9094}}</ref>

| 1993 1991 || || Publication || {{dtsw|JuneArne Naess}} || Publication || David Olivier Deep ecologist Arne Naess publishes the an article "Pourquoi je ne suis pas écologiste" (Why I am not an environmentalist) arguing that humans should intervene in the French some cases of wild-animal rights journal ''Les Cahiers antispécistes''suffering.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Olivier Naess|first1=David Arne|title=Pourquoi je ne suis pas écologiste |trans-title= Why I am not an environmentalist Should We Try to Relieve Clear Cases of Suffering in Nature?|journal= Les Cahiers antispécistes Pan Ecology|date=June 1993 1991|volume=7 6|pages=1–5|url=https://www.cahiers-antispecistesabolitionist.orgcom/reprogramming/pourquoisuffering-je-ne-suis-pas-ecologiste/ nature.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2017101618364820161120150703/https://www.cahiers-antispecistesabolitionist.orgcom/reprogramming/pourquoisuffering-jenature.pdf<!-ne-suishttps://www.webcitation.org/713wSNSo3, https://archive.fo/GCANh-pas-ecologiste/ >|archivedate=20172016-1011-16 20| deadurl=no |language=fr-FR}}</ref>

| 1995 1993 || {{dts|June}} || Publication || Economist [[wikipedia:Yew-Kwang NgDavid Olivier ||Yew-Kwang Ng]]'s paper David Olivier publishes the article "Towards Welfare Biology: Evolutionary Economics of Animal Consciousness and SufferingPourquoi je ne suis pas écologiste" is published (Why I am not an environmentalist) in the French animal rights journal ''Biology and PhilosophyLes Cahiers antispécistes''.<ref>{{cite journal|lastlast1=Olivier |first1=NgDavid |firsttitle=YewPourquoi je ne suis pas écologiste |trans-Kwang|title=Towards Welfare Biology: Evolutionary Economics of Animal Consciousness and SufferingWhy I am not an environmentalist |journal=Biology and PhilosophyLes Cahiers antispécistes |yeardate=1995June 1993 |volume=10|issue=3|pages=255–2857 |url=https://www.stafforinicahiers-antispecistes.comorg/librarypourquoi-je-ne-suis-pas-ecologiste/ng-1995.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018062211312920171016183648/https://www.stafforinicahiers-antispecistes.com/libraryorg/ngpourquoi-1995.pdf|archivedate=2018je-06ne-22<!suis-pas-http:ecologiste//www.webcitation.org/713tcQYz0 (downloads as attachment), https://archive.is/K4xZa (somewhat screwed up as it's a Google Cache of a PDF)|archivedate=2017-10->16 |deadurl=no|doilanguage=10.1007/BF00852469fr-FR}}</ref> Ng introduces the term "welfare biology" (cf. [[wikipedia:conservation biology|conservation biology]]), which ze defines as the positive study of the well-being of affectively sentient individuals. Ze discusses which species possess affective sentience. Ng then mentions that many species produce a large number of offspring, only a few of which survive to maturity. The paper argues that non-survivors suffer negative welfare. Since non-survivors greatly outnumber survivors, Ng considers this evidence in favor of the "Buddhist premise" (that wild animals experience more total suffering than happiness).

| 1995 || || Publication || [[wikipedia{{w|Yew-Kwang Ng}} || Economist Yew-Kwang Ng's paper "Towards Welfare Biology:David Pearce (philosopher)|David Pearce]] publishes zirs transhumanist manifesto Evolutionary Economics of Animal Consciousness and Suffering" is published in ''The Hedonistic ImperativeBiology and Philosophy'', which argues that biotechnology can and should be used to eliminate the experience of suffering.<ref>{{cite bookjournal|last=Ng|authorfirst=Pearce, DavidYew-Kwang|title=The Hedonistic ImperativeTowards Welfare Biology: Evolutionary Economics of Animal Consciousness and Suffering|journal=Biology and Philosophy|year=1995|volume=10|issue=3|pages=255–285|url=https://www.hedwebstafforini.com/hedablibrary/ng-1995.htmpdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018052723262620180622113129/https://www.hedwebstafforini.com/hedablibrary/ng-1995.htmpdf|archivedate=2018-0506-22<!--http://www.webcitation.org/713tcQYz0 (downloads as attachment), https://archive.is/K4xZa (somewhat screwed up as it's a Google Cache of a PDF)--27>|deadurl=no|datedoi=1995|publisher=hedweb10.com1007/BF00852469}}</ref> It includes Ng introduces the term "welfare biology" (cf. [[wikipedia:conservation biology|conservation biology]]), which he defines as the positive study of the well-being of affectively sentient individuals. He discusses which species possess affective sentience. Ng then mentions that many species produce a large number of offspring, only a section on few of which survive to maturity. The paper argues that non-survivors suffer negative welfare. Since non-survivors greatly outnumber survivors, Ng considers this evidence in favor of the "Buddhist premise" (that wild-animal animals experience more total sufferingthan happiness).

| 1996 1995 || December || Publication || [[wikipedia:David Pearce (philosopher)|David Pearce]] || David Pearce publishes his transhumanist manifesto ''Les Cahiers antispécistesThe Hedonistic Imperative'' publishes its 14th edition, which is dedicated argues that biotechnology can and should be used to discussing eliminate the problem experience of predation and human intervention in naturesuffering.<ref>{{cite journal book|last1=Olivier |first1author=Pearce, David |last2=Bonnardel |first2=Yves |title=Éditorial |journal=Les Cahiers antispécistes |date=December 1996 |volume=14 The Hedonistic Imperative|url=https://www.cahiers-antispecisteshedweb.orgcom/editorial-14/ hedab.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018072103395920180527232626/https://www.cahiers-antispecisteshedweb.org/editorial-14/<!--https:com//archivehedab.is/AdO7s--> htm|archivedate=2018-0705-21 27|deadurl=no |languagedate=1995|publisher=fr-FRhedweb.com}}</ref> It features articles by David Olivier and Yves Bonnardel, as well as includes a translation of an article by Steve Sapontzis. For example, one article by Yves Bonnardel is entitled "Contre l’apartheid des espèces: À propos de la prédation et de l’opposition entre écologie et libération animale" ("Against the apartheid of species: On predation and the conflict between ecology and section on wild-animal liberation").<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bonnardel |first1=Yves |title=Contre l’apartheid des espèces |trans-title=Against the apartheid of species |journal=Les Cahiers antispécistes |date=December 1996 |volume=14 |url=https://www.cahiers-antispecistes.org/contre-lapartheid-des-especes/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171003100009/https://www.cahiers-antispecistessuffering.org/contre-lapartheid-des-especes/ |archivedate=2017-10-03 |deadurl=no |language=fr-FR}}</ref>

| 1998 1996 || {{dts|October 20}} December || Presentation Publication || David Olivier of , Steve Sapontzis || ''Les Cahiers antispécistes'' discusses wild-animal suffering at a debate at publishes its 14th edition, which is dedicated to discussing the Maison de l’Écologie problem of predation and human intervention in Lyonnature.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Olivier |first1=David |last2=Bonnardel |first2=Yves |title= Contribution au débat à Éditorial |journal=Les Cahiers antispécistes |date=December 1996 |volume=14 |url=https://www.cahiers-antispecistes.org/editorial-14/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721033959/https://www.cahiers-antispecistes.org/editorial-14/<!--https://archive.is/AdO7s--> |archivedate=2018-07-21 |deadurl=no |language=fr-FR}}</ref> It features articles by David Olivier and Yves Bonnardel, as well as a translation of an article by Steve Sapontzis. For example, one article by Yves Bonnardel is entitled "Contre l’apartheid des espèces: À propos de la maison prédation et de l’écologie l’opposition entre écologie et libération animale" ("Against the apartheid of species: On predation and the conflict between ecology and animal liberation").<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bonnardel |first1=Yves |title=Contre l’apartheid des espèces |trans-title=Contribution to Against the debate at the Maison de l’Écologie apartheid of species |journal=Les Cahiers antispécistes |date=April 1999 December 1996 |volume=17 14 |url=https://www.cahiers-antispecistes.org/contribution-au-debat-acontre-lalapartheid-maisondes-de-lecologieespeces/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018010213365220171003100009/httphttps://www.cahiers-antispecistes.org:80/contributioncontre-aulapartheid-debatdes-a-la-maison-de-lecologieespeces/ |archivedate=20182017-0110-02 03 |deadurl=no |language=fr-FR}}</ref>

| 2003 1998 || (summer) {{dts|October 20}} || Publication Presentation || [[wikipedia:Tyler CowenDavid Olivier ||Tyler Cowen]]'s paper "Policing Nature" is published in David Olivier of ''Environmental EthicsLes Cahiers antispécistes''discusses wild-animal suffering at a debate at the Maison de l’Écologie in Lyon.<ref>{{cite journal|lastlast1=CowenOlivier |firstfirst1=TylerDavid |title=Policing NatureContribution au débat à la maison de l’écologie |trans-title=Contribution to the debate at the Maison de l’Écologie |journal=Environment EthicsLes Cahiers antispécistes |yeardate=2003April 1999 |volume=25|issue=2|pages=169–182|doi=10.5840/enviroethics20032523117 |url=https://www.stafforinicahiers-antispecistes.comorg/docscontribution-au-debat-a-la-maison-de-lecologie/Cowen%20-%20Policing%20nature.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018031718223720180102133652/httpshttp://www.stafforinicahiers-antispecistes.comorg:80/docscontribution-au-debat-a-la-maison-de-lecologie/Cowen%20-%20Policing%20nature.pdf|archivedate=2018-0301-1702 |deadurl=no|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Cowen gives arguments from utilitarian, rights-based, and holistic moral perspectives in support of policing nature. Ze criticizes the argument that humans should refrain from interfering in nature because it is hard to predict the results of intervention. Cowen discusses predator population reduction as a possible intervention.

| 2005 2003 || (summer) || Publication || {{dtsw|MayTyler Cowen}} || || Brian Tomasik first begins to think about animal welfare after reading essays by Peter SingerTyler Cowen's paper "Policing Nature" is published in ''Environmental Ethics''.<ref name="howistarted">{{cite webjournal|last=Cowen|first=Tyler|title=Policing Nature|journal=Environment Ethics|first1year=Brian2003|last1volume=Tomasik25|websiteissue=Essays on Reducing Suffering2|titlepages=How I Started Writing about Wild-Animal Suffering169–182|datedoi= 10 August 2012.5840/enviroethics200325231|url=httphttps://reducing-sufferingwww.stafforini.orgcom/docs/howCowen%20-i-started-writing-about-wild-animal-suffering/%20Policing%20nature.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018072122583020180317182237/httphttps://reducing-sufferingwww.stafforini.orgcom/docs/howCowen%20-i-started-writing-about-wild-animal-suffering/%20Policing%20nature.pdf|archivedate=2018-0703-2117|deadurl=no}}</ref>Cowen gives arguments from utilitarian, rights-based, and holistic moral perspectives in support of policing nature. He criticizes the argument that humans should refrain from interfering in nature because it is hard to predict the results of intervention. Cowen discusses predator population reduction as a possible intervention.

| 2005 || {{dts|JulyMay}} || || Brian Tomasik reads Bernard E. Rollin's ''Animal Rights & Human Morality'', which introduces zir || Brian Tomasik first begins to the possibility of insect sentiencethink about animal welfare after reading essays by Peter Singer.<ref name="howistarted" /> Ze writes, "{{cite web|first1=Brian|last1=Tomasik|website=Essays on Reducing Suffering|title=How I was completely startled to realize this possibility and spent the next several minutes contemplating Started Writing about Wild-Animal Suffering|date= 10 August 2012|url=http://reducing-suffering.org/how much -i-started-writing-about-wild-animal-suffering the world would contain if this were true/|archiveurl=https://web.archive. The spider's webs in my basement began to take on a new, horrible significanceorg/web/20180721225830/http://reducing-suffering."org/how-i-started-writing-about-wild-animal-suffering/|archivedate=2018-07-21|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2005 || {{dts|October 17July}} || || Brian Tomasik writes a letter , Bernard E. Rollin || Brian Tomasik reads Bernard E. Rollin's ''Animal Rights & Human Morality'', which introduces him to Peter Singer, asking zir whether ze thinks insects are sentient and whether they experience a net-negative balance the possibility of suffering over happinessinsect sentience.<ref name="howistarted" />He writes, "I was completely startled to realize this possibility and spent the next several minutes contemplating how much suffering the world would contain if this were true. The spider's webs in my basement began to take on a new, horrible significance."

| 2005 || {{dts|JuneOctober 17}} || || Brian Tomasik hears about , Peter Singer || Brian Tomasik writes a letter to Peter Singer, asking him whether he thinks insects are sentient and reads David Pearce's Hedonistic Imperativewhether they experience a net-negative balance of suffering over happiness.<ref name="howistarted" /> Ze writes, "This piece helped me see how bad suffering was and may have been one of the last straws helping me see that life in the wild was far below hedonic zero on average, especially when the pain of death was taken into account."

| 2006 2005 || {{dts|June}} || Publication || Brian Tomasik, David Pearce || Brian Tomasik hears about and reads David Pearce's collection of essays on utilitarianism is first posted to zirs website at utilitarian-essays.comHedonistic Imperative.<ref>{{Cite web|urlname=https:"howistarted" //web.archive> He writes, "This piece helped me see how bad suffering was and may have been one of the last straws helping me see that life in the wild was far below hedonic zero on average, especially when the pain of death was taken into account.org/web/20061222015250/http://www.utilitarian-essays.com/|title=Utilitarian Essays|date=2006-12-22|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2019-07-20}}</ref>"

| 2006 || (summer) {{dts|June}} || Publication || Brian Tomasik writes "Calculations Regarding Wild|| Brian Tomasik's collection of essays on utilitarianism is first posted to his website at utilitarian-Animal Suffering"essays.com.<ref>{{cite Cite web |last1=Tomasik |first1=Brian |title=Calculations Regarding Wild-Animal Suffering |url=https://reducing-sufferingweb.archive.org/wp-contentweb/uploads20061222015250/2014http:/10/wildwww.utilitarian-animal-suffering-calculationsessays.pdf com/|title=Utilitarian Essays|date=2006 -12-22|archiveurlwebsite=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412175611/https://reducing|access-suffering.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/wild-animal-suffering-calculations.pdf| archivedatedate=20152019-0407-12 |deadurl=no |website=A Collection of Essays on Utilitarianism20}}</ref>

| 2006 || {{dts(summer) |December}} |Publication | Community |Brian Tomasik | [[wikipedia:Seth Baum|Seth Baum]] starts a utilitarian community blog Felicifia.comBrian Tomasik writes "Calculations Regarding Wild-Animal Suffering".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tomasik |first1=Brian |title=Felificia Blog Post List Calculations Regarding Wild-Animal Suffering |url=httphttps://utilitarianismreducing-suffering.wikia.comorg/wp-content/uploads/2014/wiki10/Felificia_Blog_Post_List wild-animal-suffering-calculations.pdf |websitedate=Utilitarianism Wiki 2006 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018071603555620150412175611/httphttps://utilitarianismreducing-suffering.wikia.comorg/wiki/Felificia_Blog_Post_List |archivedate=2018-07wp-16 |deadurl=no |language=en}}<content/ref> Ze had previously had a personal blog under the same name. Wild-animal suffering would become a popular topic of discussion on the site and its successor forum Felicifia.org.<ref>{{cite web|title=Google search results for wild animal suffering on Felicifia|url=https:uploads/2014/google.com10/search?hl=en&q=wild+-animal+-suffering+site%3Afelicifia.org|website=google.com|archiveurl=https://archive-calculations.is/60u51pdf|archivedate=17 March 20182015-04-12 |deadurl=no|languagewebsite=enA Collection of Essays on Utilitarianism}}</ref>

| 2006 || {{dts|April 29December}} || Publication Community || Matthew Clarke and Yew-Kwang Ng publish an article analyzing {{w|Seth Baum}} || Seth Baum starts a kangaroo cull from the perspective of welfare biologyutilitarian community blog Felicifia.com.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Clarke|first1=Matthew|last2=Ng|first2=Yew-Kwangweb |title=Population Dynamics and Animal Welfare: Issues Raised by the Culling of Kangaroos in Puckapunyal|journal=Social Choice and Welfare|date=29 April 2006|volume=27|issue=2|pages=407–422|doi=10.1007/s00355-006-0137-8Felificia Blog Post List |url=httpshttp://stafforiniutilitarianism.wikia.com/docswiki/Clarke%20&%20Ng%20-%20Population%20dynamics%20and%20animal%20welfare.pdfFelificia_Blog_Post_List |website=Utilitarianism Wiki |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018031723470620180716035556/httpshttp://stafforiniutilitarianism.wikia.com/docswiki/Clarke%20&%20Ng%20Felificia_Blog_Post_List |archivedate=2018-07-16 |deadurl=no |language=en}}</ref> He had previously had a personal blog under the same name. Wild-%20Population%20dynamics%20and%20animal%20welfareanimal suffering would become a popular topic of discussion on the site and its successor forum Felicifia.org.pdf<!--httpref>{{cite web|title=Google search results for wild animal suffering on Felicifia|url=https://wwwgoogle.webcitationcom/search?hl=en&q=wild+animal+suffering+site%3Afelicifia.org/715RsjOdY, |website=google.com|archiveurl=https://archive.fois/q2IxR-->60u51|archivedate=17 March 2018-03-17|deadurl=no|language=en}}</ref>

| 2006 || {{dts|JulyApril 29}} || Publication || Brian Tomasik writes "The Predominance Yew Kwang-Ng, Matthew Clarke || Matthew Clarke and Yew-Kwang Ng publish an article analyzing a kangaroo cull from the perspective of Wild-Animal Suffering over Happiness: An Open Problem"welfare biology.<ref>{{cite web journal|last1=Tomasik Clarke|first1=Brian Matthew|last2=Ng|first2=Yew-Kwang|title=The Predominance Population Dynamics and Animal Welfare: Issues Raised by the Culling of WildKangaroos in Puckapunyal|journal=Social Choice and Welfare|date=29 April 2006|volume=27|issue=2|pages=407–422|doi=10.1007/s00355-Animal Suffering over Happiness: An Open Problem 006-0137-8|url=httphttps://reducing-sufferingstafforini.org/wp-content/uploads/2015com/02docs/wild-animals_2015Clarke%20&%20Ng%20-02-28%20Population%20dynamics%20and%20animal%20welfare.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018071603592620180317234706/https://reducingstafforini.com/docs/Clarke%20&%20Ng%20-%20Population%20dynamics%20and%20animal%20welfare.pdf<!--sufferinghttp://www.webcitation.org/wp-content715RsjOdY, https:/uploads/2015archive.fo/02/wildq2IxR-animals_2015-02-28.pdf >|archivedate=2018-0703-16 17|deadurl=no |date=August 2007<!-- when it was posted to utilitarian-essays.com --> |website=A Collection of Essays on Utilitarianism}}</ref>

| 2008 2006 || (early) {{dts|July}} | | Publication || Brian Tomasik || Oscar Horta writes to Brian Tomasik to writes "The Predominance of Wild-Animal Suffering over Happiness: An Open Problem".<ref>{{cite one web |last1=Tomasik |first1=Brian |title=The Predominance of zirs articlesWild-Animal Suffering over Happiness: An Open Problem |url=http://reducing-suffering.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/wild-animals_2015-02-28. Horta and Tomasik agreed that pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716035926/https://reducing-suffering.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/wild-animal welfare animals_2015-02-28.pdf |archivedate=2018-07-16 |deadurl=no |date=August 2007<!-- when it was important, and Horta began posted to discuss it with zirs Spanish / Latin American friendsutilitarian-essays.com --> |website=A Collection of Essays on Utilitarianism}}</ref name="howistarted" />

| 2009 2008 || {{dts(early) |April}} || Publication || Oscar Horta, Brian Tomasik publishes "Do Bugs Feel Pain?".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tomasik |first1=Oscar Horta writes to Brian |title=Do Bugs Feel Pain? |url=http://reducing-sufferingTomasik to cite one of his articles.org/do-bugs-feelHorta and Tomasik agree that wild-painanimal welfare was important, and Horta begins to discuss it with his Spanish / |website=Essays on Reducing Suffering |archiveurl=https://webLatin American friends.archive.org/web/20180705034003/http://reducing-suffering.org/do-bugs-feel-pain/ |archivedate<ref name=2018-07-05 |deadurl=no |date=April 2009}}<"howistarted" /ref>

| 2009 || {{dts|June 4April}} || Publication || Brian Tomasik || Brian Tomasik publishes "Caring about Animal SufferingDo Bugs Feel Pain?".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Tomasik|first1=Brian|title=Do Bugs Feel Pain? |url=http://reducing-suffering.org/caringdo-aboutbugs-animalfeel-sufferingpain/|titlewebsite=Caring about Animal Essays on Reducing Suffering|date=4 June 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2017120616291320180705034003/http://reducing-suffering.org:80/caringdo-aboutbugs-animalfeel-sufferingpain/|archivedate=20172018-1207-0605 |deadurl=no|date=April 2009}}</ref>

| 2009 || {{dts|JulyJune 4}} || Publication || Brian Tomasik writes the first version of zirs article || Brian Tomasik publishes "The Importance of Wild-Caring about Animal Suffering".<ref>{{cite web|websitelast1=Foundational Research InstituteTomasik|first1=Brian|url=httpshttp://foundationalreducing-researchsuffering.org/thecaring-importance-of-wildabout-animal-suffering/|first1=Brian|last1=Tomasik|title=The Importance of Wild-Caring about Animal Suffering|date=4 June 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018070501422320171206162913/httpshttp://foundationalreducing-researchsuffering.org:80/thecaring-importance-of-wildabout-animal-suffering/|date=July 2009|archivedate=20182017-0712-0506|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2009 || {{dts|July}} || Publication || David Pearce publishes Brian Tomasik || Brian Tomasik writes the first version of his article "Reprogramming PredatorsThe Importance of Wild-Animal Suffering".<ref>{{cite web|website=Foundational Research Institute|url=https://wwwfoundational-research.hedweb.comorg/abolitionistthe-project/reprogrammingimportance-of-wild-animal-predators.html<suffering/ref> |first1=Brian|last1=Tomasik|title=The post receives criticism from ScienceBlogs.<ref>httpImportance of Wild-Animal Suffering|archiveurl=https://scienceblogsweb.comarchive.org/tetrapodzoologyweb/200920180705014223/08https:/28/predatoryfoundational-animalsresearch.org/the-areimportance-badof-wild-animal-suffering/|date=July 2009|archivedate=2018-07-05|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2009 || December 25 || Community Publication || Brian Tomasik starts the Felicifia thread David Pearce || David Pearce publishes "How Best to Encourage Concern for Wild Animals?Reprogramming Predators".<ref>{{cite web|website=Felicifia|url=https://felicifiawww.hedweb.com/abolitionist-project/reprogramming-predators.orghtml</viewtopicref> The post receives criticism from ScienceBlogs.php?t=223|title=How Best to Encourage Concern for Wild Animals?|date=December 25, 2009|archiveurl=https<ref>http://web.archivescienceblogs.orgcom/webtetrapodzoology/20161106152849/https:2009/08/felicifia.org28/viewtopic.php?t=223|archivedate=2016predatory-animals-11are-06|deadurl=no}}bad/</ref>

| 2010 2009 || {{dtsDecember 25 ||March 2}} Community || Community Brian Tomasik || Felicifia member spindoctor Brian Tomasik starts the Felicifia thread "Lobby group How Best to Encourage Concern for wild animal sufferingWild Animals?".<ref>{{cite web |titlewebsite=Lobby group for wild animal suffering? Felicifia|url=https://felicifia.org/viewtopic.php?ft=30&t223|title=245 How Best to Encourage Concern for Wild Animals?|websitedate=Felicifia December 25, 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2016110615344420161106152849/https://felicifia.org/viewtopic.php?f=30&t=245 223|archivedate=2016-11-06 |date=March 2, 2010 |deadurl=no |language=en-gb}}</ref>

| 2010 || {{dts|May 10March 2}} || Community || Brian Tomasik considers forming an organization to promote concern spindoctor || Felicifia member spindoctor starts the thread "Lobby group for wild-animal suffering, and solicits advice on Felicifia?".<ref>{{cite web |title=Lobby group for wild animal suffering? |url=https://felicifia.org/viewtopic.php?f=30&t=270245 |website=Felicifia |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161106153444/https://felicifia.org/viewtopic.php?f=30&t=245 |archivedate=2016-11-06 |date=March 2, 2010 |deadurl=no |language=en-gb}}</ref>

| 2010 || {{dts|April 19May 10}} || Community || Brian Tomasik creates the Facebook group "Most of the world's || Brian Tomasik considers forming an organization to promote concern for wild-animal suffering occurs in the wild", and solicits advice on Felicifia.<ref>{{cite web |title=Reducing Wild-Animal Suffering – Members |url=https://www.facebookfelicifia.com/groupsorg/sufferingviewtopic.in.nature/members/ |website=Facebook |accessdate=16 July 2018 |language=en |quotephp?f="Brian Tomasik: Created group on April 19, 2010"|registration30&t=yes}}270</ref><ref name="howistarted" />

| 2010 || {{dts|September 15April 19}} || Project Community || The domain name Brian Tomasik || Brian Tomasik creates the Facebook group "Most of the world's animal-ethics.org is registeredsuffering occurs in the wild".<ref>{{cite web |title=Reducing Wild-Animal Suffering – Members |url=https://whoiswww.domaintoolsfacebook.com/animal-ethicsgroups/suffering.in.orgnature/members/ |website=Facebook |accessdate=16 July 2018 |language=en |quote="Brian Tomasik: Created group on April 19, 2010"|registration=yes}}</ref><ref name="howistarted" />

| 2010 || {{dts|September 1915}} || Publication Project || Jeff McMahan's piece "The Meat Eaters" is published in the New York Times.<ref>{{cite news|last=McMahan|first=Jeff|title=The Meat Eaters|url=https://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/19/the-meatdomain name animal-eaters/?_r=0|newspaper=The New York Times|date=September 28, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archiveethics.org/web/20180716053103/https://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/19/the-meat-eaters/?_r=0<!--https://archiveis registered.is/39aR9-->|archivedate=2018-07-16|deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=McMahan|first=Jeff|title=Predators: A Response|url=https://opinionator.blogswhois.nytimesdomaintools.com/2010/09/28/predatorsanimal-a-response/?_r=0|newspaper=The New York Times|date=September 28, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archiveethics.org/web/20180716053311/https://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/28/predators-a-response/?_r=0<!--https://archive.is/zOZBC-->|archivedate=2018-07-16|deadurl=no}}</ref> Ze argues in favor of intervention in nature, and specifically reducing predation.

| 2010 || {{dts|September 19}} || Publication || Philosopher Oscar HortaJeff McMahan || Jeff McMahan's article piece "Debunking the idyllic view of natural processesThe Meat Eaters" is publishedin the New York Times.<ref>{{cite journalnews|last=HortaMcMahan|first=OscarJeff|title=Debunking The Meat Eaters|url=https://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/19/the Idyllic View of Natural Processes-meat-eaters/?_r=0|newspaper=The New York Times|date=September 28, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716053103/https: Population Dynamics and Suffering in //opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/19/the Wild-meat-eaters/?_r=0<!--https://archive.is/39aR9-->|journalarchivedate=Télos2018-07-16|yeardeadurl=2010no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|volumelast=17McMahan|issuefirst=1Jeff|pagestitle=73–88Predators: A Response|url=https://wwwopinionator.blogs.stafforininytimes.com/docs2010/09/Horta%2028/predators-%20Debunking%20the%20idyllic%20view%20of%20natural%20processes.pdfa-response/?_r=0|newspaper=The New York Times|date=September 28, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018071608394020180716053311/https://wwwopinionator.stafforiniblogs.nytimes.com/docs2010/Horta%2009/28/predators-a-%20Debunking%20the%20idyllic%20view%20of%20natural%20processesresponse/?_r=0<!--https://archive.pdfis/zOZBC-->|archivedate=2018-07-16|deadurl=no}}</ref>He argues in favor of intervention in nature, and specifically reducing predation.

| 2012 2010 || August || Project Publication || Animal Charity Evaluator is funded, initialy, during the first year, under the name Effective Animal Activism (EAA). ItOscar Horta || Philosopher Oscar Horta's funded by Eitan Fischer as part article "Debunking the idyllic view of the 80,000 Hours organization. Animal Charity Evaluator recognizes RWAS as a high-priority cause areanatural processes" is published.<ref>{{Cite webcite journal|last=Horta|first=Oscar|title=Debunking the Idyllic View of Natural Processes: Population Dynamics and Suffering in the Wild|journal=Télos|year=2010|volume=17|issue=1|pages=73–88|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160210143030/http://www.animalcharityevaluatorsstafforini.orgcom/aboutdocs/transparency/history/|title=History {{!}} Animal Charity Evaluators|date=2016Horta%20-02-10|website=web.archive%20Debunking%20the%20idyllic%20view%20of%20natural%20processes.orgpdf|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|urlarchiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2015091817362920180716083940/httphttps://www.animalcharityevaluatorsstafforini.orgcom/blogdocs/change-at-eaa/|title=Change at EAA {{!}} Animal Charity Evaluators|date=2015Horta%20-09-18|website=web.archive%20Debunking%20the%20idyllic%20view%20of%20natural%20processes.orgpdf|access-datearchivedate=20192018-07-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web16|urldeadurl=https://animalcharityevaluators.org/advocacy-interventions/prioritizing-causes/causes-we-consider/|title=Consideration of Cause Areas|website=Animal Charity Evaluators|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-22no}}</ref>

| 2012 || {{dtsAugust ||October 30}} Project || Publication Eitan Fischer || Brian Tomasik publishes "Medicine vsAnimal Charity Evaluators is founded, initially, during the first year, under the name Effective Animal Activism (EAA). Deep Ecology"It is founded by Eitan Fischer as part of the 80, which responds to 000 Hours organization. Right from the argument that we should not intervene in nature because ecosystems are complex systemsbeginning, Animal Charity Evaluator recognizes RWAS as a high-priority cause area.<ref>{{cite Cite web|url=httphttps://reducing-sufferinganimalcharityevaluators.org/medicineblog/welcome-vsto-deepeffective-ecologyanimal-activism/|last1title=Welcome to Effective Animal Activism|date=2012-08-17|website=TomasikAnimal Charity Evaluators|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|first1url=Brianhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160210143030/http://www.animalcharityevaluators.org/about/transparency/history/|title= Medicine vs. Deep Ecology History {{!}} Animal Charity Evaluators|date=30 October 20122016-02-10|website=Essays on Reducing Sufferingweb.archive.org|archiveurlaccess-date=2019-07-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/2018072122512520150918173629/http://reducingwww.animalcharityevaluators.org/blog/change-at-sufferingeaa/|title=Change at EAA {{!}} Animal Charity Evaluators|date=2015-09-18|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2019-07-22}}</medicineref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://animalcharityevaluators.org/advocacy-vsinterventions/prioritizing-deepcauses/causes-ecologywe-consider/|archivedatetitle=Consideration of Cause Areas|website=Animal Charity Evaluators|language=2018en-US|access-date=2019-07-21|deadurl=no22}}</ref>

| 2012 || {{dts|May 24October 30}} || Community Publication || The Facebook group is renamed to Brian Tomasik || Brian Tomasik publishes "Reducing Wild-Animal SufferingMedicine vs. Deep Ecology" following a poll, which responds to the argument that we should not intervene in nature because ecosystems are complex systems.<ref>{{cite web |title=Best new name for this group (and/or movement)? |url=httpshttp://wwwreducing-suffering.facebookorg/medicine-vs-deep-ecology/|last1=Tomasik|first1=Brian|title= Medicine vs.comDeep Ecology |date=30 October 2012|website=Essays on Reducing Suffering|archiveurl=https:/groups/sufferingweb.inarchive.natureorg/permalinkweb/43065266363120420180721225125/ |archiveurl=httpshttp://archivereducing-suffering.isorg/medicine-vs-deep-ecology/DHjcS |archivedate= 2018-07-16 21|deadurl=no |website=Facebook — Reducing Wild-Animal Suffering |date=May 22, 2012}}</ref>

| 2013 2012 || {{dts|June May 24}} || Publication Community || Brian Tomasik publishes || The Facebook group originally called "Most of the world's animal suffering occurs in the wild"Ideas for Volunteering is renamed to Reduce "Reducing Wild-Animal Suffering"following a poll.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tomasik |first1=Brian |title=Ideas Best new name for Volunteering to Reduce Wild-Animal Suffering this group (and/or movement)? |url=httphttps://reducing-www.facebook.com/groups/suffering.orgin.nature/ideas-for-volunteering-to-reduce-wild-animal-sufferingpermalink/430652663631204/ |website=Essays on Reducing Suffering |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223025009/http://reducing-suffering.org/ideas-for-volunteering-to-reduce-wild-animal-sufferingis/ DHjcS |archivedate=20172018-1207-23 16 |deadurl=no |website=Facebook — Reducing Wild-Animal Suffering |date=24 June 2013May 22, 2012}}</ref>

| 2013 || {{dts|June 24}} || Publication || Brian Tomasik || Brian Tomasik publishes "Applied Welfare Biology and Why Ideas for Volunteering to Reduce Wild-Animal Advocates Should Focus on Not Spreading NatureSuffering".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tomasik |first1=Brian |title=Applied Welfare Biology and Why Ideas for Volunteering to Reduce Wild-Animal Advocates Should Focus on Not Spreading Nature Suffering |url=http://reducing-suffering.org/appliedideas-for-volunteering-welfareto-biologyreduce-wild-animal-advocates-focus-spreading-naturesuffering/ |website=Essays on Reducing Suffering |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018062211314220171223025009/http://reducing-suffering.org/appliedideas-for-volunteering-welfareto-biologyreduce-wild-animal-advocates-focus-spreading-naturesuffering/ |archivedate=20182017-0612-22 23 |deadurl=no |date=24 June 2013}}</ref>

| 2013 || {{dts|September 4June 24}} || Publication || Brian Tomasik || Brian Tomasik publishes "IntentionApplied Welfare Biology and Why Wild-Based Moral Reactions Distort Intuitions about Wild AnimalsAnimal Advocates Should Focus on Not Spreading Nature".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tomasik |first1=Brian |title=IntentionApplied Welfare Biology and Why Wild-Based Moral Reactions Distort Intuitions about Wild Animals Animal Advocates Should Focus on Not Spreading Nature |url=httpshttp://reducing-suffering.org/intentionapplied-basedwelfare-moralbiology-reactionswild-distortanimal-intuitionsadvocates-aboutfocus-wildspreading-animalsnature/ |website=Essays on Reducing Suffering |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018062211313520180622113142/httpshttp://reducing-suffering.org/intentionapplied-basedwelfare-moralbiology-reactionswild-distortanimal-intuitionsadvocates-aboutfocus-wildspreading-animalsnature/ |archivedate=2018-06-22 |deadurl=no |date=September 4, 24 June 2013}}</ref>

| 2013 || {{dts|NovemberSeptember 4}}? || Publication || Brian Tomasik || Brian Tomasik publishes "Crop Cultivation and Intention-Based Moral Reactions Distort Intuitions about Wild Animals".<ref>{{cite web|last1=Tomasik|first1=Brian|title=Crop Cultivation and Intention-Based Moral Reactions Distort Intuitions about Wild Animals|url=httphttps://reducing-suffering.org/cropintention-based-cultivationmoral-andreactions-distort-intuitions-about-wild-animals/|website=Essays on Reducing Suffering |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018072122420720180622113135/https://reducing-suffering.org/cropintention-based-moral-reactions-distort-cultivationintuitions-andabout-wild-animals/|archivedate=2018-0706-2122 | websitedeadurl=Essays on Reducing Sufferingno |date=September 4, 2013|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2013 || {{dts|December 3November}} ? || Publication || Presentation Brian Tomasik || Adriano Mannino Brian Tomasik publishes "Crop Cultivation and Ruairí Donnelly give a talk on wild-animal suffering at the University of ZurichWild Animals". <ref>{{cite web |last1=Mannino Tomasik|first1=Adriano |last2=Donnelly |first2=Ruairí Brian|title=Talk: Should we intervene in nature to help wild animals? Crop Cultivation and Wild Animals|url=httpshttp://sentiencereducing-politicssuffering.org/shouldcrop-wecultivation-intervene-in-nature-to-helpand-wild-animals/ |website=Sentience Politics |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018072107300520180721224207/https://sentiencereducing-politicssuffering.org/shouldcrop-wecultivation-intervene-in-nature-to-helpand-wild-animals/<!--https://archive.is/lTTQG--> |archivedate=2018-07-21 |deadurl=no |quotewebsite=The talk was held at the University of Zurich Essays on December 6, 2013.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title="Reducing Wild Animal Suffering" by Adriano Mannino & Ruairí Donnelly |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4aa6g1y4l8I |date=3 January 2014 2013|websitedeadurl=YouTube |author=frei denken uni baselno}}</ref>

| 2013 || {{dts|December 153}} || Publication Presentation || Brian Tomasik publishes "Does Adriano Mannino, Ruairí Donnelly || Adriano Mannino and Ruairí Donnelly give a talk on wild-animal suffering at the Animal-Rights Movement Encourage Wilderness Preservation?"University of Zurich.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tomasik Mannino |first1=Brian Adriano |last2=Donnelly |first2=Ruairí |title=Does the Animal-Rights Movement Encourage Wilderness PreservationTalk: Should we intervene in nature to help wild animals? |url=https://reducingsentience-sufferingpolitics.org/doesshould-thewe-intervene-animalin-rightsnature-movementto-encouragehelp-wildernesswild-preservationanimals/ |website=Essays on Reducing Suffering Sentience Politics |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018062217355220180721073005/https://reducingsentience-sufferingpolitics.org/doesshould-thewe-intervene-in-nature-animalto-rightshelp-movementwild-encourageanimals/<!-wilderness-preservationhttps:// archive.is/lTTQG--> |archivedate=2018-0607-22 21 |deadurl=no |datequote=The talk was held at the University of Zurich on December 156, 2013.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title="Reducing Wild Animal Suffering" by Adriano Mannino & Ruairí Donnelly |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4aa6g1y4l8I |date=3 January 2014 |website=YouTube |author=frei denken uni basel}}</ref>

| 2013 || {{dts|December 15}} | |Publication | Project |Brian Tomasik | [[wikipedia:Sentience Politics|Sentience Politics]], an Brian Tomasik publishes "anti-speciesist political thinkDoes the Animal-tankRights Movement Encourage Wilderness Preservation?", is founded as a subdivision of the Effective Altruism Foundation.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tomasik |first1=Brian |title=About Our Organization Does the Animal-Rights Movement Encourage Wilderness Preservation? |url=https://sentiencereducing-politicssuffering.org/aboutdoes-the-animal-rights-movement-encourage-wilderness-preservation/ |website=Sentience Politics Essays on Reducing Suffering |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018061704141320180622173552/https://sentiencereducing-politicssuffering.org/aboutdoes-the-animal-rights-movement-encourage-wilderness-preservation/ |archivedate=2018-06-17 22 |deadurl=no |quotedate=Sentience Politics was founded as a project of the Effective Altruism Foundation (EAF) in December 15, 2013.}}</ref> One of the issues originally considered by the project is wild-animal suffering.

| 2013 || || Project || Animal Ethics || [[wikipedia:Sentience Politics|Sentience Politics]], an "anti-speciesist political think-tank", is registered founded as a 501(c)3 non-profitsubdivision of the Effective Altruism Foundation.<ref>{{cite web |title=About Our Organization |url=https://wwwsentience-politics.guidestarorg/about/ |website=Sentience Politics |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617041413/https://sentience-politics.org/profileabout/46|archivedate=2018-106287006-17 |deadurl=no |quote=Sentience Politics was founded as a project of the Effective Altruism Foundation (EAF) in 2013.}}</ref>One of the issues originally considered by the project is wild-animal suffering.

| 2014 2013 || {{dts|January 19}} | Project || Project || The first (non-placeholder) Wayback Machine snapshot of Animal Ethics is from this date.<ref>{{cite web |title=HOME {{!}} Animal Ethics |website=Wayback Machine |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140119085913/https://animalregistered as a 501(c)3 non-ethicsprofit.org |language=en |date=19 January 2014|archiveurl=https://archive.fo/bog0O|archivedate=2018-07-16|deadurl=no}}</ref> Wild-animal suffering is one of their focus areas. Leah McKelvie and Oscar Horta are two of its three founders.<ref>{{cite web|title=Conversation with Leah McKelvie and Oscar Horta of Animal Ethics|url=https://animalcharityevaluatorswww.org/charity-reviews/charity-conversations/leah-mckelvie-and-oscar-horta-of-animal-ethics-2017/|website=Animal Charity Evaluators|date=August 14, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archiveguidestar.org/web/20180716055525/https://animalcharityevaluators.org/charity-reviews/charity-conversationsprofile/leah-mckelvie-and46-oscar-horta-of-animal-ethics-2017/|archivedate=2018-07-16|deadurl=no}}1062870</ref>

| 2014 || {{dts|July 8January 19}} || Publication Project || Oscar Horta, Leah McKelvie|| The Wikipedia article "Wild animal suffering" first (non-placeholder) Wayback Machine snapshot of Animal Ethics is publishedfrom this date.<ref>{{cite web|title=HOME {{!}} Animal Ethics |website=WikipediaWayback Machine |url=https://enweb.wikipediaarchive.org/wweb/20140119085913/indexhttps://animal-ethics.php?titleorg |language=Wild_animal_suffering&oldid=616156599en |date=8 July 19 January 2014|title=Wild animal suffering|archiveurl=https://archive.isfo/7y09Obog0O|archivedate=2018-07-2216|deadurl=no}}</ref> Wild-animal suffering is one of their focus areas. Leah McKelvie and Oscar Horta are two of its three founders.<ref>{{cite web|quotetitle=Ruairí Donnelly moved page UserConversation with Leah McKelvie and Oscar Horta of Animal Ethics|url=https:Ruairí Donnelly/sandbox to Wild /animalcharityevaluators.org/charity-reviews/charity-conversations/leah-mckelvie-and-oscar-horta-of-animal suffering-ethics-2017/|website=Animal Charity Evaluators|date=August 14, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716055525/https: Article is ready to be published//animalcharityevaluators.org/charity-reviews/charity-conversations/leah-mckelvie-and-oscar-horta-of-animal-ethics-2017/|archivedate=2018-07-16|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2015 2014 || {{dts|February 3July 8}} || Publication || Brian Tomasik publishes || The Wikipedia article "The Importance of Insect SufferingWild animal suffering"is published.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tomasik |first1website=Brian |title=The Importance of Insect Suffering Wikipedia|url=https://reducing-sufferingen.wikipedia.org/the-importance-of-insect-sufferingw/ index.php?title=Wild_animal_suffering&oldid=616156599|websitedate=8 July 2014|title=Essays on Reducing Suffering Wild animal suffering|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630170049/https://reducing-suffering.org/the-importance-of-insect-sufferingis/ 7y09O|archivedate=2018-0607-30 22|deadurl=no |datequote=February 3, 2015Ruairí Donnelly moved page User:Ruairí Donnelly/sandbox to Wild animal suffering: Article is ready to be published}}</ref>

| 2015 || {{dts|February3}} || Podcast Publication || Brian Tomasik is interviewed about wild-animal suffering on the podcast [[wikipedia:Reality Check (podcast)|| Brian Tomasik publishes "The Reality Check]]Importance of Insect Suffering".<ref>http{{cite web |last1=Tomasik |first1=Brian |title=The Importance of Insect Suffering |url=https://www.trcpodcastreducing-suffering.comorg/trc-336-american-sniper-brianthe-tomasikimportance-onof-wild-animalinsect-suffering-rent-to-own/</ref><ref>http|website=Essays on Reducing Suffering |archiveurl=https://wwwweb.trcpodcastarchive.comorg/web/20180630170049/https://trcreducing-337suffering.org/the-womenimportance-inof-science-brian-tomasik-on-wild-animalinsect-suffering/ |archivedate=2018-part06-2-blue-blood/30 |deadurl=no |date=February 3, 2015}}</ref>

| 2015 || {{dts|March 5February}} || Project Podcast || Animal Ethics announces its first Essay Prize Brian Tomasik || Brian Tomasik is interviewed about wild-animal suffering on suffering in nature and intervention, with a reward of $1,500the podcast [[wikipedia:Reality Check (podcast)|The Reality Check]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Animal Ethics Essay Prize |url=httpshttp://www.trcpodcast.com/trc-336-american-sniper-brian-tomasik-on-wild-animal-ethics.org/1stsuffering-rent-essayto-prizeown/</ |website=Animal Ethics |archiveurl=httpsref><ref>http://webwww.archivetrcpodcast.orgcom/web/20170928161226/https://www.trc-337-women-in-science-brian-tomasik-on-wild-animal-ethics.org/1stsuffering-essaypart-prize/ |archivedate=20172-09blue-28 |deadurl=no |date=5 March 2015}}blood/</ref>

| 2015 || {{dts|April 12March 5}} || Publication Project || || Brian Tomasik publishes "Why Vegans Should Care About Wild Animal Suffering" Ethics announces its first Essay Prize on the website Reasonable Vegansuffering in nature and intervention, with a reward of $1,500.<ref>{{cite web|first1=Brian|last1=Tomasik|website=Reasonable Vegan|title= Why Vegans Should Care About Wild Animal Suffering Ethics Essay Prize |url=httphttps://rvgnwww.animal-ethics.org/2015/04/12/why-vegans-should-care-about-wild1st-animalessay-sufferingprize/|website=Animal Ethics |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018072122544420170928161226/httphttps://rvgnwww.org/2015/04/12/why-vegans-should-care-about-wild-animal-sufferingethics.org/<!1st-essay-http://archive.isprize/sJ05B-->|archivedate=20182017-0709-2128 |deadurl=no|date=5 March 2015}}</ref>

| 2015 || {{dts|May 1April 12}} || Publication || Magnus Vinding Brian Tomasik || Brian Tomasik publishes the e-book "Speciesism: Why It Is Wrong and Vegans Should Care About Wild Animal Suffering" on the Implications of Rejecting It". It argues that reducing wild-animal suffering is a moral imperativewebsite Reasonable Vegan.<ref>{{cite book|title=Speciesism: Why It Is Wrong and the Implications of Rejecting It web|first1=MagnusBrian|last1=VindingTomasik|datewebsite=May 1, 2015Reasonable Vegan|publishertitle=SmashwordsWhy Vegans Should Care About Wild Animal Suffering |url=httpshttp://wwwrvgn.smashwords.comorg/2015/04/books12/viewwhy-vegans-should-care-about-wild-animal-suffering/539674|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721225444/http://wwwrvgn.webcitationorg/2015/04/12/why-vegans-should-care-about-wild-animal-suffering/<!--http://archive.orgis/715bd4E1lsJ05B-->|archivedate=2018-07-2221|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2015 || {{dts|May1}} || Publication || The philosophy journal ''RelationsMagnus Vinding || Magnus Vinding publishes the e-book "Speciesism: Beyond Anthropocentrism'' publishes a special double volume on Why It Is Wrong and the ethics Implications of Rejecting It". It argues that reducing wild-animal suffering and intervention in nature, edited by Animal Ethics staffis a moral imperative.<ref>{{cite webbook|title=Academic work on wild animal suffering edited by Animal Ethics activistsSpeciesism: Why It Is Wrong and the Implications of Rejecting It |first1=Magnus|last1=Vinding|date=May 1, 2015|publisher=Smashwords|url=https://www.smashwords.com/books/view/539674|archiveurl=http://www.animal-ethicswebcitation.org/academic-work715bd4E1l|archivedate=2018-on07-wild-animal-suffering-edited-by-animal-ethics-activists/22|websitedeadurl=Animal Ethics|date=23 December 2015no}}</ref>

| 2015 || {{dts|SeptemberMay}} || Publication || Simon Knutsson || The philosophy journal ''Relations: Beyond Anthropocentrism'' publishes "How Good or Bad Is a special double volume on the Life ethics of an Insect?"wild-animal suffering and intervention in nature, edited by Animal Ethics staff.<ref>{{cite web|title=Academic work on wild animal suffering edited by Animal Ethics activists|url=http://www.simonknutssonanimal-ethics.comorg/howacademic-goodwork-oron-badwild-isanimal-thesuffering-edited-lifeby-ofanimal-anethics-insectactivists/|website=Animal Ethics|date=23 December 2015}}</ref>

| 2015 || {{dts|October 31September}} || Community Publication || The /r/wildanimalsuffering subreddit is createdSimon Knutsson || Simon Knutsson publishes "How Good or Bad Is the Life of an Insect?".<ref>{{cite web |title=r/wildanimalsuffering |url=httpshttp://www.redditsimonknutsson.com/r/wildanimalsuffering/ |website=reddit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517203730/https://www.reddit.com/r/wildanimalsuffering/ |archivedate=2017how-good-or-bad-is-the-life-of-05an-17 |deadurl=no |language=en}}insect</ref>

| 2015 || {{dts|November 5October 31}} || Project Community || || The domain name utility.farm /r/wildanimalsuffering subreddit is registeredcreated.<ref>{{cite web |title=r/wildanimalsuffering |url=https://whoiswww.domaintoolsreddit.com/utilityr/wildanimalsuffering/ |website=reddit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.farmorg/web/20170517203730/https://www.reddit.com/r/wildanimalsuffering/ |archivedate=2017-05-17 |deadurl=no |language=en}}</ref>

| 2015 || {{dts|November 285}} || Publication Project || Brian Tomasik publishes "Estimating Aggregate Wild-Animal Suffering from Reproductive Age and Births per Female"|| The domain name utility.farm is registered.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Tomasik|first1=Brian|url=http://reducing-suffering.org/estimating-aggregate-wild-animal-suffering-from-reproductive-age-and-births-per-female/|title= Estimating Aggregate Wild-Animal Suffering from Reproductive Age and Births per Female|archiveurl=https://webwhois.archivedomaintools.orgcom/web/20180721224647/http://reducing-sufferingutility.org/estimating-aggregate-wild-animal-suffering-from-reproductive-age-and-births-per-female/|archivedate=2018-07-21|date=28 November 2015|deadurl=no|website=Essays on Reducing Suffering}}farm</ref>

| 2015 || {{dts|December 14November 28}} || Publication || Vox Brian Tomasik || Brian Tomasik publishes an article by [[wikipedia:Jacy Reese|Jacy Reese]] arguing in favor of reducing wild"Estimating Aggregate Wild-animal sufferingAnimal Suffering from Reproductive Age and Births per Female".<ref>{{cite web|last1=ReeseTomasik|first1=Jacy|title=Wild animals endure illness, injury, and starvation. We should help.Brian|url=httpshttp://www.vox.com/2015/12/14/9873012/wild-animalsreducing-suffering|publisher=Vox|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716044214/http://www.vox.com:80/2015/12/14/9873012/estimating-aggregate-wild-animalsanimal-suffering|archivedate=2018-07-16|deadurl=no|date=14 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.facebook.com/437177563005273/posts/975791465810544 |first=Jacy |last=Reese |title=Wild animal suffering is one of the biggest issues in... |date=December 14, 2015 |publisher=Facebook |accessdate=June 16, 2019}}</ref> This prompts critical responses from Motherboard and the [[wikipedia:National Audubon Society|National Audubon Society]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gunther|first1=Kristen|title=Nature Is Violent|url=https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/qkjpwp/nature-isreproductive-violent|website=Motherboard|language=enage-us|date=15 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171230114514/https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/qkjpwp/natureand-isbirths-violent<!per--https:female//archive.is/r5cJL-->|archivedate=2017-12-30|deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Matthews|first1=Susan|title=Nature Can't Exist Without Suffering—And We Can't Change That|url=http://www.audubon.org/news/nature-cant-exist-without-sufferingEstimating Aggregate Wild-Animal Suffering from Reproductive Age and-we-cant-change|website=Audubon|language=en|date=16 December 2015Births per Female|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018072104571120180721224647/httpshttp://www.audubonreducing-suffering.org/news/natureestimating-cantaggregate-existwild-withoutanimal-suffering-andfrom-wereproductive-cantage-change<!and-births-per-https:female//archive.fo/08E7O-->|archivedate=2018-07-21|date=28 November 2015|deadurl=no|website=Essays on Reducing Suffering}}</ref>

| 2015 || {{dts|December 2614}} || Publication || Brian Tomasik {{w|Jacy Reese}} || Vox publishes "How Wildan article by Jacy Reese arguing in favor of reducing wild-Caught Fishing Affects Wild-Animal Suffering"animal suffering.<ref>{{cite web|last1=TomasikReese|first1=BrianJacy|title=Wild animals endure illness, injury, and starvation. We should help.|url=httphttps://reducingwww.vox.com/2015/12/14/9873012/wild-animals-suffering|publisher=Vox|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716044214/http://www.vox.com:80/2015/12/14/9873012/wild-caughtanimals-fishingsuffering|archivedate=2018-affects-wild07-16|deadurl=no|date=14 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.facebook.com/437177563005273/posts/975791465810544 |first=Jacy |last=Reese |title=Wild animal-suffering/is one of the biggest issues in... |date= 26 December 14, 2015|publisher=Facebook |accessdate=June 16, 2019}}</ref> This prompts critical responses from Motherboard and the [[wikipedia:National Audubon Society|National Audubon Society]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gunther|first1=Kristen|title=Nature Is Violent|url=https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/qkjpwp/nature-is-violent|website=Essays on Reducing SufferingMotherboard|language=en-us|date=15 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018072122481620171230114514/https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/qkjpwp/nature-is-violent<!--https://archive.is/r5cJL-->|archivedate=2017-12-30|deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Matthews|first1=Susan|title=Nature Can't Exist Without Suffering—And We Can't Change That|url=http://reducingwww.audubon.org/news/nature-cant-exist-without-suffering-and-we-cant-change|website=Audubon|language=en|date=16 December 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721045711/https://www.audubon.org/wildnews/nature-cant-exist-without-suffering-caughtand-fishingwe-affectscant-wildchange<!-animal-sufferinghttps://archive.fo/08E7O-->|archivedate=2018-07-21|deadurl=no|title=How Wild-Caught Fishing Affects Wild-Animal Suffering}}</ref>

| 2015 || {{dts|December26}} || Project Publication || [[Timeline of Animal Charity EvaluatorsBrian Tomasik ||Brian Tomasik publishes "How Wild-Caught Fishing Affects Wild-Animal Charity Evaluators]] announces that Animal Ethics is one of their standout charitiesSuffering".<ref>https{{cite web|last1=Tomasik|first1=Brian|url=http://animalcharityevaluatorsreducing-suffering.org/charitywild-caught-fishing-affects-wild-review/animal-ethicssuffering/|date= 26 December 2015-dec|website=Essays on Reducing Suffering|archiveurl=https:/</ref> They would maintain that status until November 2017web.archive.<ref>{{Cite org/web|url=https/20180721224816/http://animalcharityevaluatorsreducing-suffering.org/blog/announcingwild-ourcaught-springfishing-2019affects-eaawild-fundanimal-grantssuffering/|titlearchivedate=Announcing Our Spring 2019 Effective Animal Advocacy Fund Grants|date=20192018-0407-1921|websitedeadurl=Animal Charity Evaluatorsno|languagetitle=enHow Wild-US|accessCaught Fishing Affects Wild-date=2019-07-20Animal Suffering}}</ref>

| 2016 2015 || {{dts|FebruaryDecember}} || Publication Project || Brian Tomasik publishes "How Painful Is Death from Starvation or Dehydration?"|| [[Timeline of Animal Charity Evaluators|Animal Charity Evaluators]] announces that Animal Ethics is one of their standout charities.<ref>https://animalcharityevaluators.org/charity-review/animal-ethics/2015-dec/</ref> They would maintain that status until November 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://animalcharityevaluators.org/blog/announcing-our-spring-2019-eaa-fund-grants/|title=Announcing Our Spring 2019 Effective Animal Advocacy Fund Grants|date=2019-04-19|website=Animal Charity Evaluators|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-20}}</ref>

| 2016 || {{dts|March 15February}} || Publication || Catia Faria submits zir PhD thesis "Animal Ethics Goes Wild: The Problem of Wild Animal Suffering and Intervention in Nature".<ref>{{cite book Brian Tomasik |last1=Faria |first1=Catia |title=Animal ethics goes wild: the problem of wild animal suffering and intervention in nature |date=2016-03-15 |publisher=Universitat Pompeu Fabra |url=https://www.tdx.cat/handle/10803/385919<!--PDF: https://www.tdx.cat/bitstream/handle/10803/385919/tcf.pdfBrian Tomasik publishes "How Painful Is Death from Starvation or Dehydration?sequence=1&isAllowed=y--> |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180616130628/https://www.tdx.cat/handle/10803/385919<!--https://web.archive.org/web/20180716085310/https://www.tdx".cat/bitstream/handle/10803/385919/tcf.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y, http://www.webcitation.org/713vMYllk (download)--> |archivedate=2018-06-16 |deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2016 || {{dts|March 2015}} || Publication || Magnus Vinding publishes the e-book Catia Faria || Catia Faria submits her PhD thesis "Animal Ethics Goes Wild: The Speciesism Problem of Leaving Wild Animal Suffering and Intervention in Nature Alone, and the Theoretical Case for “Wildlife Anti-Natalism”".<ref>{{cite book|titlelast1=The Speciesism of Leaving Nature Alone, and the Theoretical Case for “Wildlife Anti-Natalism”Faria |first1=MagnusCatia |last1title=VindingAnimal ethics goes wild: the problem of wild animal suffering and intervention in nature |date=March 20, 2016-03-15 |publisher=SmashwordsUniversitat Pompeu Fabra |url=https://www.smashwordstdx.cat/handle/10803/385919<!--PDF: https://www.tdx.comcat/booksbitstream/viewhandle/62412210803/385919/tcf.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y--> |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180616130628/https://www.tdx.cat/handle/10803/385919<!--https://web.archive.org/web/20180716085310/https://www.tdx.cat/bitstream/handle/10803/385919/tcf.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y, http://www.webcitation.org/715bJLXWP713vMYllk (download)--> |archivedate=2018-0706-2216 |deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2016 || {{dts|March 2320}} || Project Publication || Animal Ethics announces that none Magnus Vinding || Magnus Vinding publishes the e-book "The Speciesism of the submissions to its Essay Prize met the standards they expectedLeaving Nature Alone, and the prize was not awarded. However, they gave a $1,500 grant to the author of the best paper, Meera Inglis from the Department of Politics of the University of Sheffield, to continue zir research on invasive speciesTheoretical Case for “Wildlife Anti-Natalism”".<ref>{{cite webbook|urltitle=https://www.animal-ethics.org/announcement-regarding-The Speciesism of Leaving Nature Alone, and theTheoretical Case for “Wildlife Anti-animal-ethics-essay-prize/Natalism”|first1=Magnus|websitelast1=Animal EthicsVinding|date=23 March 20, 2016|titlepublisher=Announcement regarding the Animal Ethics Essay PrizeSmashwords|archiveurlurl=https://webwww.archivesmashwords.orgcom/webbooks/20180721050403view/https624122|archiveurl=http://www.animal-ethicswebcitation.org/announcement-regarding-the-animal-ethics-essay-prize/<!--https://archive.fo/6bIUy-->715bJLXWP|archivedate=2018-07-2122|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2016 || {{dts|April 22March 23}} || Publication Project || Michael Dickens publishes || Animal Ethics announces that none of the blog post "The Myth that Reducing Wild Animal Suffering Is Intractable"submissions to its Essay Prize met the standards they expected, and the prize was not awarded. However, they gave a $1,500 grant to the author of the best paper, Meera Inglis from the Department of Politics of the University of Sheffield, to continue her research on invasive species.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dickens |first1=Michael |title=The Myth that Reducing Wild Animal Suffering Is Intractable |url=https://mdickenswww.meanimal-ethics.org/2016/04/22/the_myth_that_reducing_wild_animal_suffering_is_intractableannouncement-regarding-the-animal-ethics-essay-prize/ |website=Philosophical Multicore Animal Ethics|date=23 March 2016|title=Announcement regarding the Animal Ethics Essay Prize|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018062212541520180721050403/https://mdickenswww.meanimal-ethics.org/2016/04/22/the_myth_that_reducing_wild_animal_suffering_is_intractableannouncement-regarding-the-animal-ethics-essay-prize/<!--https://archive.is/8aZzr, http://www.webcitation.orgfo/713vVdHG96bIUy--> |archivedate=2018-0607-22 21|deadurl=no |date=April 22, 2016}}</ref>

| 2016 || {{dts|May 9April 22}} || Publication || The article Michael Dickens || Michael Dickens publishes the blog post "The ethics of wild animal sufferingMyth that Reducing Wild Animal Suffering Is Intractable" by Ole Martin Moen is published.<ref>{{cite journalweb |last1=MoenDickens |first1=Ole MartinMichael |title=The ethics of wild animal suffering|journal=Etikk i praksis - Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics|volume=10|number=1|pages=91-104|doi=10.5324/eip.v10i1.1972Myth that Reducing Wild Animal Suffering Is Intractable |url=httphttps://wwwmdickens.olemartinmoen.comme/2016/04/wp-content22/uploadsthe_myth_that_reducing_wild_animal_suffering_is_intractable/TheEthicsofWildAnimalSuffering.pdf|website=Philosophical Multicore |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018072200352320180622125415/https://mdickens.me/2016/04/22/the_myth_that_reducing_wild_animal_suffering_is_intractable/<!--https://archive.is/8aZzr, http://www.olemartinmoenwebcitation.comorg/wp713vVdHG9--content/uploads/TheEthicsofWildAnimalSuffering.pdf> |archivedate=2018-0706-22|deadurl=no|date=May 9April 22, 2016}}</ref>

| 2016 || {{dts|May9}} || Publication || Sentience Politics publishes the policy paper Ole Martin Moen || The article "Reducing The ethics of wild animal suffering among invertebrates such as insects" by Simon KnutssonOle Martin Moen is published.<ref>{{cite journal|urllast1=https://ea-foundation.org/files/reducing-suffering-invertebrates.pdf|title=Reducing suffering among invertebrates such as insectsMoen|first1=SimonOle Martin|last1title=KnutssonThe ethics of wild animal suffering|journal=Sentience PoliticsEtikk i praksis - Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics|volume=10|number=1|pages=191-18104|datedoi=May 201610.5324/eip.v10i1.1972|archiveurlurl=httpshttp://webwww.archiveolemartinmoen.orgcom/webwp-content/20180320001509uploads/TheEthicsofWildAnimalSuffering.pdf|archiveurl=https://ea-foundationweb.archive.org/filesweb/20180722003523/reducing-suffering-invertebrates.pdf<!--http://www.webcitationolemartinmoen.orgcom/715cdhtnnwp-->content/uploads/TheEthicsofWildAnimalSuffering.pdf|archivedate=2018-0307-2022|deadurl=no|date=May 9, 2016}}</ref>

| 2016 || {{dts|JuneMay}} || Project Publication || The [[timeline of Foundational Research InstituteSimon Knutsson |Foundational Research Institute]] | Sentience Politics publishes research plans announcing that it is the policy paper "greatly increasing research on wild-­animal Reducing sufferingamong invertebrates such as insects"by Simon Knutsson.<ref>{{cite web|title=FRI: Research Plans 2016 — Research on wild-animal suffering and ways to reduce itjournal|url=https://foundationalea-researchfoundation.org/wp-contentfiles/uploads/2016/06/wild-animalreducing-suffering-research-plans-2016invertebrates.pdf|websitetitle=Reducing suffering among invertebrates such as insects|first1=Simon|last1=Knutsson|journal=Sentience Politics|volume=Foundational Research Institute1|pages=1-18|date=June May 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2016082521033720180320001509/https://foundationalea-researchfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2016files/06/wild-animalreducing-suffering-research-plans-2016invertebrates.pdf<!--http://www.webcitation.org/713tp6W6v (downloads PDF as attachment), https://archive.is/PnFPz (Google Cache)715cdhtnn-->|archivedate=20162018-0803-2520|deadurl=no}}</ref> However, this never came to pass and WAS is not a focus area of FRI as of July 2019.

| 2016 || {{dts|August 25June}} || Publication Project || || Michael Dickens The [[timeline of Foundational Research Institute|Foundational Research Institute]] publishes the blog post research plans announcing that it is "Why the Open Philanthropy Project Should Prioritize Wild Animal Sufferinggreatly increasing research on wild-­animal suffering".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dickens |first1=Michael |title=Why the Open Philanthropy Project Should Prioritize Wild Animal Suffering FRI: Research Plans 2016 — Research on wild-animal suffering and ways to reduce it|url=httphttps://effectivefoundational-altruismresearch.com/ea/10t/why_the_open_philanthropy_project_shouldorg/<!wp--https:/content/mdickens.meuploads/2016/08/25/why_the_open_philanthropy_project_should_prioritize_wild_animal_suffering06/wild-animal-suffering-research-plans-> 2016.pdf|website=Effective Altruism Forum Foundational Research Institute|date=June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018071606145420160825210337/httphttps://effectivefoundational-altruismresearch.comorg/wp-content/eauploads/10t2016/why_the_open_philanthropy_project_should06/wild-animal-suffering-research-plans-2016.pdf<!--httpshttp://webwww.archivewebcitation.org/web/20180622125500/https://mdickens.me/2016/08/25/why_the_open_philanthropy_project_should_prioritize_wild_animal_suffering/, https://archive.is/cisBJ713tp6W6v (downloads PDF as attachment), https://archive.is/bywFoPnFPz (Google Cache)--> |archivedate=20182016-0708-16 25|deadurl=no |language=en |date=August 26, 2016}}</ref>However, this never came to pass and WAS is not a focus area of FRI as of July 2019.

| 2016 || {{dts|September 1August 25}} || Publication || Phillipp Ryf submits zirs Master's Thesis Michael Dickens || Michael Dickens publishes the blog post "Environmental Ethics: The Case of Why the Open Philanthropy Project Should Prioritize Wild AnimalsAnimal Suffering".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dickens |first1=Michael |title=Why the Open Philanthropy Project Should Prioritize Wild Animal Suffering |url=http://effective-altruism.com/ea/10t/why_the_open_philanthropy_project_should/<!--https://mdickens.me/2016/08/25/why_the_open_philanthropy_project_should_prioritize_wild_animal_suffering/--> |website=Effective Altruism Forum |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716061454/http://wwweffective-altruism.com/ea/10t/why_the_open_philanthropy_project_should/<!--https://web.academiaarchive.eduorg/28500092web/Environmental_Ethics_The_Case_of_Wild_Animals20180622125500/https://mdickens.me/2016/08/25/why_the_open_philanthropy_project_should_prioritize_wild_animal_suffering/, https://archive.is/cisBJ, https://archive.is/bywFo--> |archivedate=2018-07-16 |deadurl=no |language=en |date=August 26, 2016}}</ref>

| 2016 || {{dts|September 51}} || Publication || Animal Charity Evaluators publishes the results of an exploratory (n=612) Mechanical Turk study. Phillipp Ryf || Phillipp Ryf submits his Master's Thesis "Environmental Ethics: The study is about the effects Case of vegan advocacy on attitudes towards wild-animal suffering. ACE claims that the results suggest that environmental messaging makes people less supportive of intervention. On the other hand, the post assuages WAS advocates' concerns that animal rights messaging does soWild Animals".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://animalcharityevaluators.org/blog/wild-animal-suffering-survey-report/|first1=Luke|last1=Hecht|title=Wild Animal Suffering Survey Report|website=Animal Charity Evaluators|date=September 5, 2016|quote=This study provides some evidence that encouraging people to reduce their consumption of animal products on environmental grounds makes them less supportive of intervening in nature to alleviate wild-animal suffering. If true, this suggests that animal advocates who are concerned about wild animals should place less emphasis on the environmental harms of animal agriculture. The results should reduce concerns that cruelty-focused farmed animal advocacy messages may reduce people’s willingness to help wild animals.|archiveurl=httpshttp://webwww.archiveacademia.orgedu/web28500092/20180722013227/https://animalcharityevaluators.org/blog/wild-animal-suffering-survey-report/|archivedate=2018-07-22|deadurl=no}}Environmental_Ethics_The_Case_of_Wild_Animals</ref>

| 2016 || {{dts|September5}} || Presentation Publication || Stijn Bruers and Stefan Torges give talks || Animal Charity Evaluators publishes the results of an exploratory (n=612) Mechanical Turk study. The study is about the effects of vegan advocacy on attitudes towards wild-animal suffering at . ACE claims that the results suggest that environmental messaging makes people less supportive of intervention. On the 2016 International Animal Rights Conferenceother hand, the post assuages WAS advocates' concerns that animal rights messaging does so.<ref>{{cite web |author1=VeganKanal |title=Stijn Bruers - The moral blind spots in the animal rights community (IARC 2016) |url=https://wwwanimalcharityevaluators.youtube.comorg/blog/wild-animal-suffering-survey-report/watch?v|first1=Luke|last1=VtjKP42MkWY Hecht|websitetitle=YouTubeWild Animal Suffering Survey Report|accessdatewebsite=16 July 2018 Animal Charity Evaluators|date=10 September 5, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1quote=VeganKanal |title=Stefan Torges This study provides some evidence that encouraging people to reduce their consumption of animal products on environmental grounds makes them less supportive of intervening in nature to alleviate wild- Wild animal suffering: Why 99% . If true, this suggests that animal advocates who are concerned about wild animals should place less emphasis on the environmental harms of animal agriculture. The results should reduce concerns that cruelty-focused farmed animal advocacy messages may reduce people’s willingness to help wild animals die as babies already (IARC 2016) .|urlarchiveurl=https://wwwweb.youtubearchive.comorg/web/20180722013227/https://animalcharityevaluators.org/blog/wild-animal-suffering-survey-report/watch?v=G35tM1DP7B8 |websitearchivedate=YouTube |accessdate=16 July 2018-07-22|datedeadurl=11 September 2016no}}</ref>

| 2016 || {{dts|November 15September}} || Presentation || Peter Singer gives a talk on Stijn Bruers, Stefan Torges || Stijn Bruers and Stefan Torges give talks about wild-animal suffering at the Princeton Environmental Institute2016 International Animal Rights Conference.<ref>{{cite web |author1=Princeton Environmental Institute VeganKanal |title=Stijn Bruers - The Suffering of moral blind spots in the animal rights community (IARC 2016) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VtjKP42MkWY |website=YouTube|accessdate=16 July 2018 |date=10 September 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=VeganKanal |title=Stefan Torges - Wild Animalsanimal suffering: Should we do anything about it, and if so, what? – Peter Singer Why 99% of wild animals die as babies already (IARC 2016) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1VYYHLH990A G35tM1DP7B8 |website=YouTube |accessdate=16 July 2018 |date=21 November 11 September 2016}}</ref>

| 2016 || {{dts|November 1915}} || Project Presentation || Animal Ethics announces its second Essay Prize Peter Singer || Peter Singer gives a talk on wild-animal suffering in nature and intervention, with a reward of $1,500at the Princeton Environmental Institute.<ref>{{cite web |author1=Princeton Environmental Institute |title=2nd Animal Ethics Essay Prize on Animal The Suffering in the of Wild Animals: Should we do anything about it, and if so, what? – Peter Singer |url=https://www.animal-ethicsyoutube.org/2nd-essay-prizecom/ watch?v=1VYYHLH990A |website=Animal Ethics YouTube |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716080018/https://www.animal-ethics.org/2nd-essay-prize/<!--https://archive.is/rWnL8--> | archivedateaccessdate=16 July 2018-07-16 |deadurl=no |date=19 21 November 2016}}</ref>

| 2016 || {{dts|November 2519}} || Publication Project || Michael Plant writes || Animal Ethics announces its second Essay Prize on suffering in nature and intervention, with a blog post critiquing arguments for the claim that wild animals experience net sufferingreward of $1,500.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Plant|first1=Michael|title=The Unproven (And Unprovable) Case For Wild 2nd Animal Ethics Essay Prize on Animal Suffering – Planting Happinessin the Wild |url=https://www.plantinghappinessanimal-ethics.co.ukorg/the2nd-unprovenessay-and-unprovable-case-for-wild-animal-sufferingprize/|website=www.plantinghappiness.co.uk|date=25 November 2016Animal Ethics |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2017110900570320180716080018/https://www.plantinghappiness.co.uk/the-unproven-and-unprovable-case-for-wild-animal-sufferingethics.org/|archivedate=20172nd-11essay-09|deadurl=no}}<prize/ref> Brian Tomasik responds on zirs blog.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Tomasik|first1=Brian|title=Is There Net Suffering in Nature? A Reply to Michael Plant {{!}} Essays on Reducing Suffering|url=https://reducing-suffering.org/net-suffering-nature-reply-michael-plant/|website=Essays on Reducing Suffering|date=28 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622134433/https://reducing-suffering.orgis/netrWnL8-suffering-nature-reply-michael-plant/> |archivedate=2018-0607-2216 |deadurl=no|date=19 November 2016}}</ref>

| 2017 2016 || {{dts|April 5November 25}} || Publication || Animal Charity Evaluators publishes another survey on animal advocacy messaging and attitudes towards Michael Plant || Michael Plant writes a blog post critiquing arguments for the claim that wild-animal animals experience net suffering.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Plant|first1=Michael|title=The Unproven (And Unprovable) Case For Wild Animal Suffering – Planting Happiness|url=https://animalcharityevaluatorswww.orgplantinghappiness.co.uk/blog/effectsthe-ofunproven-farmedand-animalunprovable-advocacycase-messagingfor-onwild-attitudesanimal-towardssuffering/|website=www.plantinghappiness.co.uk|date=25 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109005703/https://www.plantinghappiness.co.uk/the-policiesunproven-and-decisionsunprovable-affectingcase-for-wild-animal-suffering/|first1archivedate=2017-11-09|deadurl=Kieranno}}</ref> Brian Tomasik responds on his blog.<ref>{{cite web|last1=GreigTomasik|first1=Brian|title=Effects of farmed animal advocacy messaging Is There Net Suffering in Nature? A Reply to Michael Plant {{!}} Essays on attitudes towards policies and decisions affecting wild animal Reducing Suffering|url=https://reducing-suffering.org/net-suffering-nature-reply-michael-plant/|datewebsite=April 5, 2017Essays on Reducing Suffering|websitedate=Animal Charity Evaluators28 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018072201471420180622134433/https://animalcharityevaluatorsreducing-suffering.org/blog/effectsnet-of-farmed-animal-advocacy-messaging-on-attitudessuffering-towardsnature-policiesreply-andmichael-decisions-affecting-wild-animal-sufferingplant/|archivedate=2018-0706-22|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|April 225}} || Project Publication || || Utility Farm Animal Charity Evaluators publishes its first article, arguing for "An Ethic of Intervention" with regard to another survey on animal advocacy messaging and attitudes towards wild-animal suffering.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rowe |first1=Abraham |title=An Ethic of Intervention |url=https://wwwanimalcharityevaluators.utility.farmorg/wordsblog/2017/4/22/aneffects-of-farmed-animal-advocacy-messaging-on-attitudes-towards-policies-and-decisions-affecting-wild-ethicanimal-suffering/|first1=Kieran|last1=Greig|title=Effects of-intervention farmed animal advocacy messaging on attitudes towards policies and decisions affecting wild animal suffering|date=April 5, 2017|website=utility farm Animal Charity Evaluators|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018072106583220180722014714/https://wwwanimalcharityevaluators.utility.farmorg/wordsblog/2017/4/22/aneffects-of-farmed-animal-advocacy-messaging-on-attitudes-towards-ethicpolicies-ofand-intervention<!decisions-affecting-https://archive.fo/5JOWRwild-animal-> suffering/|archivedate=2018-07-2122|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|April 2622}} || Project || || Utility Farm announces publishes its 2017 essay contest first article, arguing for "An Ethic of Intervention" with a top prize of $1,500regard to wild-animal suffering.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rowe |first1=Abraham |title=Utility Farm has launched its 2017 essay contest An Ethic of Intervention |url=https://www.facebookutility.comfarm/words/2017/utilityfarm4/posts22/185977225255869 an-ethic-of-intervention |website=Facebook |author1=Utility Farm utility farm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018071607113020180721065832/https://m.facebook.com/utilityfarm/posts/185977225255869 |archivedate=2018-07-16 |deadurl=no |language=en |date=April 26, 2017}}</ref> The contest received no quality submissions, and the prize was not awarded.<ref>{{cite web |title=2017 essay contest |url=https://www.utility.farm/prize |website=utility farm |archiveurl=https:words/2017/web.archive.org4/web/2018071607080022/an-ethic-of-intervention<!--https://wwwarchive.utility.farmfo/prize 5JOWR--> |archivedate=2018-07-16 21|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|April26}} || Funding Project || || Lewis Bollard Utility Farm announces its 2017 essay contest with a top prize of Open Philanthropy Project allocates $30K from the animal welfare EA Fund to the Effective Altruism Foundation's research of wild-animal suffering1, stating that ze is impressed with their work but is unsure how tractable it will be. Ze also cites internal changes at EAF that left WAS research with no funding500.<ref>{{cite web|last1title=BollardUtility Farm has launched its 2017 essay contest |url=https://www.facebook.com/utilityfarm/posts/185977225255869 |first1website=LewisFacebook |titleauthor1=April 2017: Animal Welfare Fund UpdateUtility Farm |urlarchiveurl=https://appweb.effectivealtruismarchive.org/fundsweb/20180716071130/https://m.facebook.com/animal-welfareutilityfarm/payoutsposts/tI97LtH5AsIkgUa2IMCKi185977225255869 |websitearchivedate=Effective Altruism Funds2018-07-16 |publisherdeadurl=Centre for Effective Altruismno |language=en|date=April 26, 2017}}</ref> The contest received no quality submissions, and the prize was not awarded.<ref>{{cite web |title=2017essay contest |url=https://www.utility.farm/prize |website=utility farm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716070800/https://www.utility.farm/prize |archivedate=2018-07-16 |deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|May 3April}} || Community Funding || Evan Gaensbauer creates Lewis Bollard || Lewis Bollard of Open Philanthropy Project allocates $30K from the Facebook group "Wild Animal Welfare Project Discussion" as part animal welfare EA Fund to the Effective Altruism Foundation's research of a larger attempt to build networks for new EA causeswild-animal suffering, stating that he is impressed with their work but is unsure how tractable it will be. He also cites internal changes at EAF that left WAS research with no funding.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bollard|first1=Lewis|title=Wild April 2017: Animal Welfare Project Discussion Fund Update|url=https://wwwapp.facebookeffectivealtruism.comorg/groupsfunds/wildanimalwelfareprojectdiscussionanimal-welfare/ payouts/tI97LtH5AsIkgUa2IMCKi|website=Facebook Effective Altruism Funds|publisher=Centre for Effective Altruism|language=en|accessdatedate=16 July 2018April 2017}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|JuneMay 3}} || Project Community || Evan Gaensbauer || Evan Gaensbauer creates the Facebook group "Wild-Animal Suffering Research is split off from Sentience Politics Welfare Project Discussion" as part of a separate organization under the Effective Altruism Foundation. Sentience Politics shifts gears larger attempt to focus exclusively on political campaigns in Switzerland, and gains independence from EAFbuild networks for new EA causes.<ref>{{cite web|title=Update on the future of Sentience Politics|url=https://ea-foundation.org/blog/update-on-the-future-of-sentience-politics/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622150519/https://ea-foundation.org/blog/update-on-the-future-of-sentience-politics/<!--https://archive.is/EsjUs-->|archivedate=2018-06-22|deadurl=no|website=Effective Altruism Foundation|date=2 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Introducing the Wild-Animal Suffering Research Welfare ProjectDiscussion |url=https://was-research.org/blog/introducing-wild-animal-suffering-research-project/|archiveurl=https://webwww.archivefacebook.org/webcom/20180622125314groups/https:wildanimalwelfareprojectdiscussion//was-research.org/blog/introducing-wild-animal-suffering-research-project/<!--https://archive.is/CSH6o-->|archivedate=2018-06-22|deadurl=no|website=Wild-Animal Suffering ResearchFacebook |dateaccessdate=20 16 July 20172018}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|June 1}} || Project || The domain name was|| Wild-Animal Suffering Research is split off from Sentience Politics as a separate organization under the Effective Altruism Foundation. Sentience Politics shifts gears to focus exclusively on political campaigns in Switzerland, and gains independence from EAF.<ref>{{cite web|title=Update on the future of Sentience Politics|url=https://ea-foundation.org/blog/update-on-the-future-of-sentience-politics/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622150519/https://ea-researchfoundation.org /blog/update-on-the-future-of-sentience-politics/<!--https://archive.is registered./EsjUs-->|archivedate=2018-06-22|deadurl=no|website=Effective Altruism Foundation|date=2 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Introducing the Wild-Animal Suffering Research Project|url=https://whoiswas-research.domaintoolsorg/blog/introducing-wild-animal-suffering-research-project/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.comorg/web/20180622125314/https://was-research.org/blog/introducing-wild-animal-suffering-research-project/<!--https://archive.is/CSH6o-->|archivedate=2018-06-22|deadurl=no|website=Wild-Animal Suffering Research|date=20 July 2017}}</ref>

| 2017 || 43618 {{dts|June 1}} || Project || Sentience Institute || The domain name was-research.org is foundedregistered.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://webwhois.archivedomaintools.orgcom/web/20170605193039/https://www.sentienceinstitute.org/foundational-questions-summaries|title=Sentience Institute|date=2017-06was-05|website=web.archiveresearch.org|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>"

| 2017 || 43618 June 2 || Publication Project || Jacy Reese, Kelly Witwicki || Sentience Institute publishes "Summary of Evidence for Foundational Questions in Effective Animal Advocacy" which contains a lot of information on RWAS outreachis founded.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170605193039/https://www.sentienceinstitute.org/foundational-questions-summaries|title=Sentience Institute|date=2017-06-05|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>"

| 2017 || {{dts|June 10}} 2 || Publication || Utility Farm || Sentience Institute publishes "Keep (Known) Space NeutralSummary of Evidence for Foundational Questions in Effective Animal Advocacy" by Abraham Rowewhich contains a lot of information on RWAS outreach.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wwwweb.utilityarchive.farmorg/wordsweb/201720170605193039/6https:/10/keepwww.sentienceinstitute.org/foundational-questions-knownsummaries|title=Sentience Institute|date=2017-space06-neutral05|website=web.archive.org|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|June 1110}} || Publication || || Utility Farm publishes "When Caring For Pets And Service Animals, Keep Other Animals In Mind(Known) Space Neutral" by Ari BenjaminAbraham Rowe.<ref>https://www.utility.farm/words/2017/6/1110/caring-for-petskeep-andknown-servicespace-animalsneutral</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|June 2911}} || Publication || Wild-Animal Suffering Research || Utility Farm publishes "An Analysis of Lethal Methods of Wild Animal Population Control: VertebratesWhen Caring For Pets And Service Animals, Keep Other Animals In Mind" by Persis EskanderAri Benjamin.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Eskander |first1=Persis |title=An Analysis of Lethal Methods of Wild Animal Population Control: Vertebrates |url=https://was-research.org/paper/analysis-lethal-methods-wild-animal-population-control-vertebrates/ |website=Wild-Animal Suffering Research |archiveurl=https://webwww.archiveutility.orgfarm/webwords/20180622063816/https:2017/6/was-research.org11/paper/analysiscaring-lethalfor-methodspets-wildand-animalservice-population-control-vertebrates/ |archivedate=2018-06-22 |deadurl=no |date=29 June 2017}}animals</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|July 5June 29}} || Publication || Brian Tomasik Persis Eskander || Wild-Animal Suffering Research publishes "Which Stimuli Are Painful to Invertebrates?An Analysis of Lethal Methods of Wild Animal Population Control: Vertebrates"by Persis Eskander.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tomasik Eskander |first1=Brian Persis |title=Which Stimuli Are Painful to Invertebrates? An Analysis of Lethal Methods of Wild Animal Population Control: Vertebrates |url=https://reducingwas-sufferingresearch.org/whichpaper/analysis-lethal-methods-stimuliwild-areanimal-painfulpopulation-tocontrol-invertebrates vertebrates/ |website=Essays on Reducing Wild-Animal Suffering Research |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018071608144120180622063816/https://reducingwas-sufferingresearch.org/whichpaper/analysis-lethal-methods-stimuliwild-areanimal-painfulpopulation-tocontrol-invertebratesvertebrates/ |archivedate=2018-0706-16 22 |deadurl=no |date=July 5, 29 June 2017}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|July 115}} || Publication || Wild-Animal Suffering Research Brian Tomasik || Brian Tomasik publishes "An Analysis of Lethal Methods of Wild Animal Population Control: Which Stimuli Are Painful to Invertebrates?" by Persis Eskander.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Eskander Tomasik |first1=Persis Brian |title=An Analysis of Lethal Methods of Wild Animal Population Control: Which Stimuli Are Painful to Invertebrates ? |url=https://wasreducing-researchsuffering.org/paper/analysis-lethal-methodswhich-wildstimuli-animalare-populationpainful-controlto-invertebrates/ |website=Wild-Animal Essays on Reducing Suffering Research |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018062204115220180716081441/https://wasreducing-researchsuffering.org/paper/analysis-lethal-methodswhich-wildstimuli-animalare-populationpainful-controlto-invertebrates/ |archivedate=2018-0607-22 16 |deadurl=no |date=11 July 5, 2017}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|July 1211}} || Publication || Persis Eskander || Wild-Animal Suffering Research publishes "Euthanizing Elderly Elephants: An Impact Analysisof Lethal Methods of Wild Animal Population Control: Invertebrates" by Ozy BrennanPersis Eskander.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Brennan Eskander |first1=Ozy Persis |title=Euthanizing Elderly Elephants: An Impact Analysis of Lethal Methods of Wild Animal Population Control: Invertebrates |url=https://was-research.org/paper/euthanizinganalysis-lethal-methods-wild-elderlyanimal-elephantspopulation-impactcontrol-analysisinvertebrates/ |website=Wild-Animal Suffering Research |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018070502405920180622041152/https://was-research.org/paper/euthanizinganalysis-lethal-elderlymethods-elephantswild-impactanimal-analysispopulation-control-invertebrates/ |archivedate=2018-0706-05 22 |deadurl=no |date=12 11 July 2017|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|July 1312}} || Publication || Utility Farm Ozy Brennan || Wild-Animal Suffering Research publishes "StudyEuthanizing Elderly Elephants: Effective Communication Strategies For Addressing Wild Animal SufferingAn Impact Analysis" by Briana Schulzetenberg and Abraham Rowe, which found that WAS materials describing humans as "stewards of" or "participants in" nature were more effective than materials describing humans as "intervening" in natureOzy Brennan.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Schulzetenberg Brennan |first1=Briana Ozy |title=StudyEuthanizing Elderly Elephants: Effective Communication Strategies For Addressing Wild Animal Suffering An Impact Analysis |url=https://wwwwas-research.utility.farmorg/wordspaper/2017/7/13/studyeuthanizing-effectiveelderly-communicationelephants-strategiesimpact-for-addressing-wild-animal-suffering analysis/ |website=utility farm Wild-Animal Suffering Research |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018062204114320180705024059/https://wwwwas-research.utility.farmorg/wordspaper/2017/7/13/studyeuthanizing-effectiveelderly-communicationelephants-strategiesimpact-for-addressing-wild-animal-suffering analysis/ |archivedate=2018-0607-22 |deadurl=no 05 |date=12 July 13, 2017|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|October 4July 13}} || Publication || Wild-Animal Suffering Research Abraham Rowe, Briana Schulzetenberg || Utility Farm publishes tze blog post "We Have No Idea If There Are Cost-Study: Effective Interventions Into Communication Strategies For Addressing Wild-Animal Suffering" by Ozy BrennanBriana Schulzetenberg and Abraham Rowe, which found that WAS materials describing humans as "stewards of" or "participants in" nature were more effective than materials describing humans as "intervening" in nature.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Brennan Schulzetenberg |first1=Ozy Briana |title=We Have No Idea If There Are Cost-Study: Effective Interventions Into Communication Strategies For Addressing Wild-Animal Suffering |url=https://was-researchwww.utility.orgfarm/words/2017/7/blog13/nostudy-effective-ideacommunication-coststrategies-effectivefor-interventionsaddressing-wild-animal-suffering/ |website=Wild-Animal Suffering Research utility farm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018062212531620180622041143/https://was-researchwww.utility.orgfarm/words/2017/7/blog13/nostudy-effective-ideacommunication-coststrategies-effectivefor-interventionsaddressing-wild-animal-suffering/ |archivedate=2018-06-22 |deadurl=no |date=4 October July 13, 2017}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|October 124}} || Publication || Ozy Brennan || Wild-Animal Suffering Research publishes the blog post "Infant Mortality and the Argument from Life HistoryWe Have No Idea If There Are Cost-Effective Interventions Into Wild-Animal Suffering" by Ozy Brennan.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Brennan |first1=Ozy |title=Infant Mortality and the Argument from Life History We Have No Idea If There Are Cost-Effective Interventions Into Wild-Animal Suffering |url=https://was-research.org/blog/infantno-idea-cost-mortalityeffective-argumentinterventions-lifewild-historyanimal-suffering/ |website=Wild-Animal Suffering Research |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018062212532420180622125316/https://was-research.org/blog/infantno-idea-cost-effective-mortalityinterventions-argumentwild-lifeanimal-historysuffering/ |archivedate=2018-06-22 |deadurl=no |date=12 4 October 2017}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|October 1812}} || Project Publication || Utility Farm Ozy Brennan || Wild-Animal Suffering Research publishes the blog post "Reviewing 2017 Infant Mortality and Looking to 2018the Argument from Life History" by Abraham RoweOzy Brennan.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Brennan |first1=Ozy |title=Infant Mortality and the Argument from Life History |url=https://wwwwas-research.utilityorg/blog/infant-mortality-argument-life-history/ |website=Wild-Animal Suffering Research |archiveurl=https://web.archive.farmorg/wordsweb/201720180622125324/10https:/18/reviewingwas-2017research.org/blog/infant-andmortality-lookingargument-tolife-history/ |archivedate=2018-06-22 |deadurl=no |date=12 October 2017}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|November 10October 18}} || Publication Project || Abraham Rowe || Wild-Animal Suffering Research Utility Farm publishes "“Fit Reviewing 2017 and Happy”: How Do We Measure Wild-Animal Suffering?Looking to 2018" by Ozy BrennanAbraham Rowe.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Brennan |first1=Ozy |title="Fit and Happy": How Do We Measure Wild-Animal Suffering? |url=https://was-research.org/paper/fit-happy-measure-wild-animal-suffering/ |website=Wild-Animal Suffering Research |archiveurl=https://webwww.archiveutility.orgfarm/webwords/201807160846032017/https:10/18/wasreviewing-research.org/paper/fit2017-happy-measureand-wildlooking-animalto-suffering/ |archivedate=2018-07-16 |deadurl=no |date=10 November 2017}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|November 2210}} || Publication || Ozy Brennan || Wild-Animal Suffering Research publishes "Parasite Load “Fit and Disease in Happy”: How Do We Measure Wild Animals-Animal Suffering?" by Georgia RayOzy Brennan.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ray Brennan |first1=Georgia Ozy |title=Parasite Load "Fit and Disease in Happy": How Do We Measure Wild Animals -Animal Suffering? |url=https://was-research.org/paper/parasitefit-loadhappy-diseasemeasure-wild-animalsanimal-suffering/ |website=Wild-Animal Suffering Research |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018070501423120180716084603/https://was-research.org/paper/parasitefit-loadhappy-diseasemeasure-wild-animalsanimal-suffering/ |archivedate=2018-07-05 16 |deadurl=no |date=22 10 November 2017}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|November 2522}} || Publication || Georgia Ray || Wild-Animal Suffering Research publishes the blog post "Creating Welfare Biology: A Research ProposalParasite Load and Disease in Wild Animals" by Ozy BrennanGeorgia Ray.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Brennan Ray |first1=Ozy Georgia |title=Creating Welfare Biology: A Research Proposal Parasite Load and Disease in Wild Animals |url=https://was-research.org/blogpaper/creatingparasite-welfareload-biologydisease-researchwild-proposalanimals/ |website=Wild-Animal Suffering Research |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018062206380520180705014231/https://was-research.org/blogpaper/creatingparasite-welfareload-biologydisease-researchwild-proposalanimals/ |archivedate=2018-0607-22 05 |deadurl=no |date=25 22 November 2017}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts|November25}} || Funding Publication || Ozy Brennan || Lewis Bollard of Open Philanthropy Project allocates $50K from the animal welfare EA Fund to Wild-Animal Suffering Researchpublishes the blog post "Creating Welfare Biology: A Research Proposal" by Ozy Brennan.<ref>{{cite web|last1=BollardBrennan |first1=LewisOzy |title=November 2017Creating Welfare Biology: Animal Welfare Fund UpdateA Research Proposal |url=https://app.effectivealtruismwas-research.org/fundsblog/animalcreating-welfare/payouts/3tRg1Hfwu46EQ8mskEGUOE<!-biology-research-https:proposal//docs.google.com/document/d/1mD6iwtIMc_cCyJF2DWX57I8464UYMNb8xhIJoHKV0Wg/--> |website=Effective Altruism Funds|publisher=Centre for Effective Altruism|language=en|date=November 2017Wild-Animal Suffering Research |archiveurl=https://web.archive.isorg/web/20180622063805/Q2xyk<!--httphttps://www.webcitationwas-research.org/714Kj4zv7blog/creating-welfare-biology->research-proposal/ |archivedate=2018-0706-2122 |deadurl=no|date=25 November 2017}}</ref>

| 2017 || (fall) {{dts|November}} || Project Funding || Lewis Bollard || Rebecca Raible is awarded a £4,710 grant Lewis Bollard of Open Philanthropy Project allocates $50K from the Centre for Effective Altruism animal welfare EA Fund to research WAS intervention ideas and write an overview of wildWild-animal sufferingAnimal Suffering Research.<ref>{{Cite cite web|last1=Bollard|first1=Lewis|title=EA Grants Fall November 2017 Recipients: Animal Welfare Fund Update|url=https://app.effectivealtruism.org/funds/animal-welfare/payouts/3tRg1Hfwu46EQ8mskEGUOE<!--https://docs.google.com/spreadsheetsdocument/d/1iBy1mD6iwtIMc_cCyJF2DWX57I8464UYMNb8xhIJoHKV0Wg/--zMyIiTgybYRUQZIm11WKGQZcixaCmIaysRmGvk/edit> |website=Google DocsEffective Altruism Funds|publisher=Centre for Effective Altruism|language=en|date=November 2017|archiveurl=https://archive.is/qGG7SQ2xyk<!--http://www.webcitation.org/714NXQGwZ714Kj4zv7-->|archivedate=2018-07-21|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2017 || {{dts(fall) ||December 27}} Project || Publication Rebecca Raible || Animal Ethics announces Rebecca Raible is awarded a £4,710 grant from the winner Centre for Effective Altruism to research WAS intervention ideas and write an overview of its second Essay Prize, "Lifewild-fates: meaningful categories to estimate animal suffering in the wild" by Brazilian scientists Wladimir J. Alonso and Cynthia Schuck-Paim.<ref>{{cite Cite web|title=EA Grants Fall 2017 Recipients|url=https://wwwdocs.animal-ethicsgoogle.orgcom/spreadsheets/d/2nd1iBy-animal-ethics-essay-prize-announcementzMyIiTgybYRUQZIm11WKGQZcixaCmIaysRmGvk/edit|website=Animal Ethics|date=27 December 2017|title=2nd Animal Ethics Essay Prize AnnouncementGoogle Docs|archiveurl=https://web.archive.orgis/web/20180721062246/httpsqGG7S<!--http://www.animal-ethicswebcitation.org/2nd714NXQGwZ-animal-ethics-essay-prize-announcement/>|archivedate=2018-07-21|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2017 || September {{dts|December 27}} || Publication || Project || effectivethesis.com is launched. They create a section recommending theses on RWAS which is provided from suggestions Animal Ethics announces the winner of its second Essay Prize, "Life-fates: meaningful categories to estimate animal suffering in the wild" by [https://was-researchBrazilian scientists Wladimir J.org/ Wild-Animal Suffering Research] Alonso and [https://efektivniCynthia Schuck-altruismus.cz/ Efektivni Altruismus]Paim.<ref>{{Cite cite web|url=https://www.facebookanimal-ethics.comorg/effectivethesis2nd-animal-ethics-essay-prize-announcement/photos/a.1966475556967110/1966475560300443/?type|website=Animal Ethics|date=327 December 2017|title=Effective Thesis2nd Animal Ethics Essay Prize Announcement|websitearchiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721062246/https://www.facebookanimal-ethics.comorg/2nd-animal-ethics-essay-prize-announcement/|languagearchivedate=en|access-date=20192018-07-2221|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2017 || September || Funding Project || "|| effectivethesis.com is launched. They create a section recommending theses on RWAS which is provided from suggestions by [ACE's Animal Advocacy Research Fund awards] funding to Persis Eskander (https://was-research.org/ Wild-Animal Suffering Research) for this project] and [https://efektivni-altruismus. This research will examine the agricultural practices that harm vertebrate wild animalscz/ Efektivni Altruismus]."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://researchfundwww.animalcharityevaluatorsfacebook.orgcom/effectivethesis/photos/funded-projectsa.1966475556967110/examining-the-harm-caused-by-crop-cultivation-to-vertebrate-wild-animals-in-the-united-states1966475560300443/?type=3|title=Examining the harm caused by crop cultivation to vertebrate wild animals in the United States|date=2018-11-30Effective Thesis|website=Animal Advocacy Research Fundwww.facebook.com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2018 2017 || | {{dts|January 19}} Funding || Publication Persis Eskander || "[ACE's Animal Advocacy Research Fund awards] funding to Persis Eskander (Wild-Animal Suffering Research publishes ) for this project. This research will examine the blog post "Invertebrate Sentience: Urgent But Understudiedagricultural practices that harm vertebrate wild animals." by Georgia Ray.<ref>{{cite Cite web |last1=Ray |first1=Georgia |title=Invertebrate Sentience: Urgent But Understudied |url=https://was-researchresearchfund.animalcharityevaluators.org/blogfunded-projects/invertebrateexamining-sentiencethe-urgentharm-understudied/ |website=Wildcaused-by-crop-cultivation-to-vertebrate-wild-Animal Suffering Research |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622133420/https://wasanimals-research.org/blog/invertebratein-sentiencethe-urgentunited-understudiedstates/ |archivedatetitle=Examining the harm caused by crop cultivation to vertebrate wild animals in the United States|date=2018-0611-22 30|website=Animal Advocacy Research Fund|deadurllanguage=no en-US|access-date=19 January 20182019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2018 || {{dts|January 2419}} || Publication || Utility Farm Georgia Ray || Wild-Animal Suffering Research publishes the blog post "Seven Broad Rules for Effective Discussions of Participation EthicsInvertebrate Sentience: Urgent But Understudied" by Abraham RoweGeorgia Ray.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ray |first1=Georgia |title=Invertebrate Sentience: Urgent But Understudied |url=https://was-research.org/blog/invertebrate-sentience-urgent-understudied/ |website=Wild-Animal Suffering Research |archiveurl=https://wwwweb.utilityarchive.farmorg/wordsweb/201820180622133420/1https:/24/sevenwas-broadresearch.org/blog/invertebrate-rulessentience-forurgent-effectiveunderstudied/ |archivedate=2018-discussions06-of-participation-ethics22 |deadurl=no |date=19 January 2018}}</ref>

| 2018 || {{dts|February 12January 24}} || Publication || The article Abraham Rowe || Utility Farm publishes "Wild animal suffering is intractableSeven Broad Rules for Effective Discussions of Participation Ethics" by Nicolas Delon and Duncan Purves is published (online first)Abraham Rowe.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Wild animal suffering is intractable|first1=Nicolas|last1=Delon|first2=Duncan|last2=Purves|journal=Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics|volume=31|number=2|pages=239–260|doi=10.1007/s10806-018-9722-y|url=https://linkwww.springerutility.comfarm/words/2018/epdf1/10.100724/s10806seven-broad-rules-for-effective-018discussions-9722of-y?author_access_token=1swdXPwSdnovLiu7AhuWSve4RwlQNchNByi7wbcMAY7zip9eadT1participation-BeavUlSlmb3No6JmHPw3BxdHWJhe1o578fidt2Ra9PjnC2e_8UfRbKCnxQjqeCDcofCVx0FB0cnSun2xtiSbCanRrPx8FFYTg%3D%3D}}ethics</ref>

| 2018 || {{dts|February 1312}} || Publication || Animal Charity Evaluators publishes the blog post Nicholas Denton, Duncan Purves || The article "To reduce wild Wild animal suffering we need to find out if the cause area is tractableintractable" by Persis EskanderNicolas Delon and Duncan Purves is published (online first).<ref>{{cite webjournal|urltitle=https://animalcharityevaluators.org/blog/to-reduce-wild-Wild animal-suffering-we-need-to-find-out-if-the-cause-area-is-tractable/intractable|first1=Nicolas|last1=Delon|first2=Duncan|last2=Purves|titlejournal=To Reduce Wild Animal Suffering We Need to Find Out If the Cause Area Is TractableJournal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics|datevolume=February 13, 201831|websitenumber=Animal Charity Evaluators2|first1pages=Persis239–260|last1doi=Eskander10.1007/s10806-018-9722-y|archiveurlurl=https://weblink.archivespringer.org/web/20180722010449com/https:epdf//animalcharityevaluators10.org1007/blog/tos10806-reduce018-wild9722-animal-suffering-we-need-to-find-out-if-the-cause-area-is-tractable/|archivedatey?author_access_token=2018-071swdXPwSdnovLiu7AhuWSve4RwlQNchNByi7wbcMAY7zip9eadT1-22|deadurl=noBeavUlSlmb3No6JmHPw3BxdHWJhe1o578fidt2Ra9PjnC2e_8UfRbKCnxQjqeCDcofCVx0FB0cnSun2xtiSbCanRrPx8FFYTg%3D%3D}}</ref>

| 2018 || {{dts|February 1613}} || Publication || Persis Eskander || Animal Ethics Charity Evaluators publishes their 2018 strategic plan, which includes initiating the blog post "the development of welfare biology in academia with some biologists and To reduce wild animal welfare scientists beginning suffering we need to work in this field find out if the cause area is tractable"by Persis Eskander.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.animal-ethicsanimalcharityevaluators.org/blog/to-reduce-wild-animal-ethicssuffering-2018we-strategicneed-plan/<!to-find-http://www.animalout-ethics.org/wpif-content/uploads/Animalthe-Ethics_Strategiccause-Planarea-2018.pdfis-->tractable/|websitetitle=To Reduce Wild Animal EthicsSuffering We Need to Find Out If the Cause Area Is Tractable|date=16 February 13, 2018|titlewebsite=Animal Ethics’s 2018 strategic planCharity Evaluators|first1=Persis|last1=Eskander|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018072106275520180722010449/https://www.animal-ethicsanimalcharityevaluators.org/blog/to-reduce-wild-animal-ethicssuffering-2018we-need-to-find-out-if-strategicthe-plan/<!cause-area-https://archive.is-tractable/eiTfk-->|archivedate=2018-07-2122|deadurl=no}}</ref>

| 2018 || {{dts|February 2316}} || Publication || Wild-|| Animal Suffering Research Ethics publishes their 2018 strategic plan, which includes initiating "the blog post "Are seafood substitutes good for wild fish?development of welfare biology in academia with some biologists and animal welfare scientists beginning to work in this field " by Georgia Ray.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ray |first1=Georgia |title=Are seafood substitutes good for wild fish? |url=https://waswww.animal-researchethics.org/bloganimal-ethics-2018-strategic-plan/seafood<!-substitutes-goodhttp://www.animal-wildethics.org/wp-fishcontent/ uploads/Animal-Ethics_Strategic-Plan-2018.pdf-->|website=Wild-Animal Suffering Research Ethics|date=16 February 2018|title=Animal Ethics’s 2018 strategic plan|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018071608434220180721062755/https://waswww.animal-researchethics.org/bloganimal-ethics-2018-strategic-plan/seafood<!-substitutes-goodhttps://archive.is/eiTfk-wild-fish/ >|archivedate=2018-07-16 21|deadurl=no |date=23 February 2018}}</ref>

|| 2018 || {{dts|March February 23}} || Project Publication || Utility Farm announces Georgia Ray || Wild-Animal Suffering Research publishes the launch of Nature Ethics, a blog post "Are seafood substitutes good for wild animal suffering outreach projectfish?" by Georgia Ray.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rowe Ray |first1=Abraham Georgia |title=Announcing Nature Ethics Are seafood substitutes good for wild fish? |url=https://www.utilitywas-research.farmorg/wordsblog/2018/3/23/announcingseafood-substitutes-good-naturewild-ethics fish/ |website=utility farm Wild-Animal Suffering Research |archiveurl=https://web.archive.foorg/web/20180716084342/https://was-research.org/blog/seafood-substitutes-good-wild-fish/HuEBx |archivedate=2018-07-16 |deadurl=no |date=March 23, February 2018}}</ref>

|| 2018 || {{dts|March23}} || Funding Project || Lewis Bollard allocates $100K to Wild-Animal Suffering Research via || Utility Farm announces the EA Fundslaunch of Nature Ethics, a wild animal suffering outreach project.<ref>{{cite web|last1=BollardRowe |first1=LewisAbraham |title=March 2018: Animal Welfare Fund UpdateAnnouncing Nature Ethics |url=https://appwww.effectivealtruismutility.orgfarm/fundswords/animal-welfare2018/payouts/2ENqwtVsfWAw22eogwS4cG<!--https:3/23/docs.google.com/document/d/1T7erWUkv1wBHhtHk2hY8zAu-DoZR8qTCfOW85L170qA/announcing-nature-> ethics |website=Effective Altruism Funds|publisher=Centre for Effective Altruism|language=en|date=March 2018utility farm |archiveurl=https://archive.is/vrIVY<!--https://www.webcitation.orgfo/714GvQ5DT-->HuEBx |archivedate=2018-07-2116 |deadurl=no|date=March 23, 2018}}</ref>

|| 2018 || {{dts|April 14March}} || Podcast Funding || Lewis Bollard || Persis Eskander of Lewis Bollard allocates $100K to Wild-Animal Suffering Research is interviewed about wild-animal suffering on via the animal rights podcast Our Hen HouseEA Funds.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sullivan Bollard|first1=Mariann |last2=Singer |first2=Jasmin Lewis|title=Episode 431March 2018: Persis Eskander and Nora Kramer Animal Welfare Fund Update|url=httphttps://wwwapp.ourhenhouseeffectivealtruism.org/2018funds/animal-welfare/04payouts/episode2ENqwtVsfWAw22eogwS4cG<!-431-persishttps://docs.google.com/document/d/1T7erWUkv1wBHhtHk2hY8zAu-eskanderDoZR8qTCfOW85L170qA/-and-nora-kramer/ > |website=Our Hen House Effective Altruism Funds|publisher=Centre for Effective Altruism|language=en|accessdatedate=16 July March 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.orgis/web/20180716044902if_/httpvrIVY<!--https://www.ourhenhousewebcitation.org/podcastepisode431.mp3 714GvQ5DT-->|archivedate=2018-07-16 21|deadurl=no |date=April 14, 2018}}</ref>

| 2018 || {{dts|April 3014}} || Publication Podcast || Persis Eskander || Persis Eskander of Wild-Animal Ethics publishes a bibliography of Suffering Research is interviewed about wild-animal sufferingon the animal rights podcast Our Hen House.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Sullivan |first1=Mariann |last2=Singer |first2=Jasmin |title=Publications about wild animal suffering Episode 431: Persis Eskander and Nora Kramer |url=httpshttp://www.animal-ethicsourhenhouse.org/publications2018/04/episode-431-persis-abouteskander-wildand-animalnora-sufferingkramer/ |website=Animal Ethics Our Hen House |accessdate=16 July 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018071607343120180716044902if_/httpshttp://www.animal-ethicsourhenhouse.org/publications-about-wild-animal-suffering/ podcastepisode431.mp3 |archivedate=2018-07-16 |deadurl=no |date=April 3014, 2018}}</ref>

| 2018 || {{dts|April30}} || Publication || ''Les Cahiers antispécistes'' || Animal Ethics publishes a volume devoted to bibliography of wild-animal suffering.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Réduire la souffrance des animaux sauvages web |trans-title=Reducing Publications about wild-animal suffering |journal=Les Cahiers antispécistes |volume=40 |url=https://www.cahiersanimal-antispecistesethics.org/numero/40/<!publications-about-https://www.cahierswild-antispecistes.org/wpanimal-contentsuffering/uploads/2018/04/CA40Total.pdf--> |website=Animal Ethics |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018042623460920180716073431/https://www.cahiersanimal-antispecistesethics.org/numero/40/<!publications-about-http://www.webcitation.org/713t7sYh4 (downloads PDF as attachment), https://archive.fo/I9tev, https://archive.fo/MwEoK (Google Cache of PDF)wild-animal->suffering/ |archivedate=2018-0407-2616 |deadurl=no|language=fr-FR|date=April 30, 2018}}</ref>

|| 2018 || {{dts|MayApril}} || Publication || || ''Les Cahiers antispécistes'' publishes a book entitled "Éliminer les animaux pour leur bien: promenade chez les réducteurs de la souffrance dans la nature" (Eliminate animals for their own good: walk among the reducers of suffering in nature) by Estiva Reus. The book critiques the volume devoted to wild-animal suffering movement.<ref>{{cite journal |title= Éliminer les animaux pour leur bien: promenade chez les réducteurs de Réduire la souffrance dans la nature des animaux sauvages |trans-title=Eliminate animals for their own good: walk among the reducers of Reducing wild-animal suffering in nature |journal=Les Cahiers antispécistes |volume=41 40 |url=https://www.cahiers-antispecistes.org/numero/cahiers-antispecistes-n41-eliminer-les-animaux-pour-leur-bien40/<!--https://www.cahiers-antispecistes.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/0604/CA41TotalCA40Total.pdf--> |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/2018071605144420180426234609/https://www.cahiers-antispecistes.org/numero/cahiers-antispecistes-n41-eliminer-les-animaux-pour-leur-bien40/<!--https://archive.fo/9KvM7, http://www.webcitation.org/713rTggRP 713t7sYh4 (downloads PDF as attachment), https://archive.fo/93eRt I9tev, https://archive.fo/MwEoK (somewhat screwed up as it's a Google Cache of a PDF)-->|archivedate=2018-0704-1626|deadurl=no|language=fr-FR|date=May April 2018|first1=Estiva|last1=Reus}}</ref>

|| 2018 || {{dts|June 10May}} || Presentation Publication || || EA Global 2018 takes place in San Francisco. Persis Eskander of WASR gives ''Les Cahiers antispécistes'' publishes a talk about book entitled "Éliminer les animaux pour leur bien: promenade chez les réducteurs de la souffrance dans la nature"Crucial Considerations (Eliminate animals for their own good: walk among the reducers of suffering in Wildnature) by Estiva Reus. The book critiques the wild-Animal Suffering"animal suffering movement.<ref>{{cite web journal |title=Crucial Considerations in Wild-Animal Suffering |url=httpsÉliminer les animaux pour leur bien://sf.eaglobal.org/agenda/session/249916 promenade chez les réducteurs de la souffrance dans la nature |websitetrans-title=EA Global San Francisco 2018 |archiveurl=httpsEliminate animals for their own good://archive.is/I7vSM walk among the reducers of suffering in nature |archivedatejournal=2018-07-12 Les Cahiers antispécistes |datevolume=June 9, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web41 |url=https://www.effectivealtruismcahiers-antispecistes.org/articlesnumero/eacahiers-globalantispecistes-2018n41-crucialeliminer-considerationsles-was/|title=Crucial Considerations in Wild Animal Suffering|website=Effective Altruism|accessanimaux-date=2019pour-07leur-20}}bien/</ref> Ozy Brennan (WASR), Persis Eskander (WASR), Kieran Greig (ACE), and Abraham Rowe (Utility Farm) participate in a panel on "Strategic Movement Building for Wild!-Animal Suffering".<ref>{{cite web |title=Strategic Movement Building for Wild-Animal Suffering |url=https://sfwww.eaglobalcahiers-antispecistes.org/agendawp-content/sessionuploads/249944 |website=EA Global San Francisco 2018 /06/CA41Total.pdf--> |archiveurl= https://web.archive.isorg/yfXkV |archivedate=2018-06-10 |date=June 10, 2018}}<web/20180716051444/ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Building support for wild animal suffering - EA Global|url=https://www.eaglobalcahiers-antispecistes.org/talksnumero/buildingcahiers-supportantispecistes-forn41-wildeliminer-animalles-suffering/|accessanimaux-date=2019pour-07leur-20}}bien/<!--https://ref> There is also a meetup for people interested in the topicarchive.<ref>{{cite web |title=Meetup: Wild Animal Suffering |url= httpsfo/9KvM7, http://sfwww.eaglobalwebcitation.org/agenda/session/250302 |website=EA Global San Francisco 2018 |archiveurl= 713rTggRP (downloads PDF as attachment), https://archive.isfo/YuJSZ 93eRt (somewhat screwed up as it's a Google Cache of a PDF)-->|archivedate=2018-0607-16|deadurl=no|language=fr-10 FR|date=June 10, May 2018|first1=Estiva|last1=Reus}}</ref>

| 2018 || {{dts|June10}} || Funding Presentation || Lewis Bollard allocates $70K to Animal Ethics, $40K to Utility Farm, and $30K to Persis Eskander || EA Global 2018 takes place in San Francisco. Persis Eskander of WASR gives a talk about "Crucial Considerations in Wild-Animal Suffering Research via the EA Funds. Ze notes that all three organizations have converged around the strategy of building an academic field of wild-animal suffering, but have different approaches".<ref>{{cite web|last1title=Crucial Considerations in Wild-Animal Suffering |url=https://sf.eaglobal.org/agenda/session/249916 |website=BollardEA Global San Francisco 2018 |first1archiveurl=Lewishttps://archive.is/I7vSM |titlearchivedate=2018-07-12 |date=June 9, 2018: Animal Welfare Fund Update}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://docswww.googleeffectivealtruism.comorg/documentarticles/dea-global-2018-crucial-considerations-was/1nTS2AEOLkuQEmEQ5ePa7opt9eoN_utvWvXPbFGJL90s|title=Crucial Considerations in Wild Animal Suffering|website=Effective Altruism Funds|publisheraccess-date=2019-07-20}}</ref> Ozy Brennan (WASR), Persis Eskander (WASR), Kieran Greig (ACE), and Abraham Rowe (Utility Farm) participate in a panel on "Strategic Movement Building for Wild-Animal Suffering".<ref>{{cite web |title=Centre Strategic Movement Building for Effective AltruismWild-Animal Suffering |languageurl=enhttps://sf.eaglobal.org/agenda/session/249944 |datewebsite=June EA Global San Francisco 2018|archiveurl=https://archive.is/6YMLAyfXkV |archivedate=2018-06-10 |date=June 10, 2018}}</ref><!ref>{{Citation|title=Building support for wild animal suffering --httpEA Global|url=https://www.webcitationeaglobal.org/713qg9zKBtalks/building-support-for->wild-animal-suffering/|archivedateaccess-date=20182019-07-20}}</ref> There is also a meetup for people interested in the topic.<ref>{{cite web |quotetitle=Potential interventions to aid wild animals remain limited, and may be unwise, so I think it makes sense to build an academic field that can better research this problem and potential approaches to addressing itMeetup: Wild Animal Suffering |url= https://sf.eaglobal. The three primary groups in this space have all converged around the academic field-building strategy, though they have different approachesorg/agenda/session/250302 |website=EA Global San Francisco 2018 |archiveurl= https://archive. Given the magnitude of the problem, my uncertainty over which approach is likely to be most effective, and my sense that all three groups are well/YuJSZ |archivedate=2018-06-run, I’m proposing funding all three.10 |deadurldate=noJune 10, 2018}}</ref>

| 2018 || September 4 {{dts|June}} ||Funding | Publication |Lewis Bollard | Persis Eskander from | Lewis Bollard allocates $70K to Animal Ethics, $40K to Utility Farm, and $30K to Wild-Animal Suffering Research publishes "An Introduction to Human Appropriation via the EA Funds. He notes that all three organizations have converged around the strategy of building an academic field of Net Primary Productivity"wild-animal suffering, but have different approaches.<ref>{{Cite cite web|last1=Bollard|first1=Lewis|title=June 2018: Animal Welfare Fund Update|url=https://was-researchdocs.google.orgcom/paperdocument/an-introduction-to-human-appropriation-of-net-primary-productivityd/1nTS2AEOLkuQEmEQ5ePa7opt9eoN_utvWvXPbFGJL90s|titlewebsite=An Introduction to Human Appropriation of Net Primary ProductivityEffective Altruism Funds|lastpublisher=EskCentre for Effective Altruism|firstlanguage=Persisen|last2date=erJune 2018|datearchiveurl=2018https://archive.is/6YMLA<!--http://www.webcitation.org/713qg9zKB-09-04>|websitearchivedate=Wild2018-07-Animal Suffering Research20|languagequote=enPotential interventions to aid wild animals remain limited, and may be unwise, so I think it makes sense to build an academic field that can better research this problem and potential approaches to addressing it. The three primary groups in this space have all converged around the academic field-building strategy, though they have different approaches. Given the magnitude of the problem, my uncertainty over which approach is likely to be most effective, and my sense that all three groups are well-USrun, I’m proposing funding all three.|access-datedeadurl=2019-07-22no}}</ref>

| 2018 || September 9 4 || Publication || Ozy Brennan Persis Eskander || Persis Eskander from Wild-Animal Suffering Research publishes "Intervention Report: Feeding Wildlife As A Means An Introduction to Human Appropriation of Promoting WelfareNet Primary Productivity".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://was-research.org/paper/interventionan-reportintroduction-feedingto-wildlifehuman-asappropriation-a-meansof-ofnet-promotingprimary-welfareproductivity/|title=Intervention Report: Feeding Wildlife As A Means An Introduction to Human Appropriation of Promoting WelfareNet Primary Productivity|last=BrennanEsk|first=OzyPersis|last2=er|date=2018-09-0904|website=Wild-Animal Suffering Research|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2018 || October 18 September 9 || Publication || Ozy Brennan || Ozy Brennan from Wild-Animal Ethics Suffering Research publishes "Research projects in welfare biologyIntervention Report: Feeding Wildlife As A Means of Promoting Welfare".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.animalwas-ethicsresearch.org/researchpaper/intervention-report-feeding-wildlife-as-a-means-projectsof-inpromoting-welfare-biology/|title=Research projects in welfare biologyIntervention Report: Feeding Wildlife As A Means of Promoting Welfare|last=EthicsBrennan|first=AnimalOzy|date=2018-1009-1809|website=Wild-Animal EthicsSuffering Research|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref> 

| 2018 || October 28 18 || Publication || Denis Drescher || Animal Ethics publishes "Wild Animal Suffering Research Ideas 2019projects in welfare biology".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://clavigerwww.animal-ethics.netorg/wasresearch-projects-researchin-ideaswelfare-2019.htmlbiology/|title=Wild Animal Suffering Research Ideas 2019projects in welfare biology|last=DrescherEthics|first=DenisAnimal|date=2018-10-2818|website=Considerations and Comparisons|language=enAnimal Ethics|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2018 || December 19 October 28 || Publication || Animal Ethics Denis Drescher || Denis Drescher publishes "Welfare biology research: Vaccination of animals in the wildWild Animal Suffering Research Ideas 2019".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.animal-ethicsclaviger.orgnet/welfare-biologywas-research-vaccinationideas-of-animals-in-the-wild/2019.html|title=Welfare biology research: Vaccination of animals in the wildWild Animal Suffering Research Ideas 2019|last=EthicsDrescher|first=AnimalDenis|date=2018-1210-1928|website=Animal EthicsConsiderations and Comparisons|language=en|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2018 || December 20 19 || Publication || Ozy Brennan from Wild-|| Animal Suffering Research Ethics publishes "Intervention ReportWelfare biology research: Wildlife ContraceptionVaccination of animals in the wild".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://waswww.animal-researchethics.org/paper/interventionwelfare-biology-research-vaccination-of-animals-reportin-wildlifethe-contraceptionwild/|title=Intervention ReportWelfare biology research: Wildlife ContraceptionVaccination of animals in the wild|last=BrennanEthics|first=OzyAnimal|date=2018-12-2019|website=Wild-Animal Suffering Research|language=en-USEthics|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2018 || December 22 20 || Publication || Rethink Priorities Ozy Brennan || Ozy Brennan from Wild-Animal Suffering Research publishes "Detecting Morally Significant Pain in NonhumansIntervention Report: Some Philosophical DifficultiesWildlife Contraception".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rethinkprioritieswas-research.org/blog/2019/2paper/23/detectingintervention-morallyreport-significantwildlife-pain-in-nonhumans-some-philosophical-difficultiescontraception/|title=Detecting Morally Significant Pain in NonhumansIntervention Report: Some Philosophical DifficultiesWildlife Contraception|last=Brennan|first=Ozy|date=2018-12-20|website=Rethink PrioritiesWild-Animal Suffering Research|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2018 || (winter) December 22 || Publication || Oscar Horta || Rethink Priorities publishes "Concern for Wild Animal Suffering and Environmental EthicsDetecting Morally Significant Pain in Nonhumans: What Are the Limits of the Disagreement?Some Philosophical Difficulties".<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Horta|first=Oscar|date=2018|title=CONCERN FOR WILD ANIMAL SUFFERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS: WHAT ARE THE LIMITS OF THE DISAGREEMENT?web|url=httphttps://www.eruditrethinkpriorities.org/enblog/2019/journals2/ateliers23/2018detecting-morally-significant-pain-in-v13nonhumans-n1some-ateliers04192/1055119ar/philosophical-difficulties|title=Detecting Morally Significant Pain in Nonhumans: Some Philosophical Difficulties|journalwebsite=Les ateliers de l'éthique / The Ethics ForumRethink Priorities|language=en-US|volumeaccess-date=13|issue=1|pages=85–100|doi=https://doi.org/10.7202/1055119ar|issn=17182019-07-997722}}</ref>

| 2018 || {{dts(winter) ||December 30}} Publication || Funding Oscar Horta || The EA Oscar Horta publishes "Concern for Wild Animal Welfare Fund management team (Lewis Bollard, Natalie Cargill, Toni Adleberg, Suffering and Jamie Spurgeon) grants $20,000 from Environmental Ethics: What Are the EA Animal Welfare Fund to Utility Farm. Also, they grant $75,000 to Rethink Priorities, whose research agenda within animal welfare includes assessment Limits of work on wild animal welfarethe Disagreement?".<ref>{{cite webCite journal|last=Horta|first=Oscar|date=2018|title=CONCERN FOR WILD ANIMAL SUFFERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS: WHAT ARE THE LIMITS OF THE DISAGREEMENT?|url = httpshttp://appwww.effectivealtruismerudit.org/fundsen/animaljournals/ateliers/2018-welfarev13-n1-ateliers04192/payouts1055119ar/|journal=Les ateliers de l'éthique /2uyvubn8KUCoqOQS6A4ayWThe Ethics Forum|language=en|title volume= Payout Report: Animal Welfare Fund. December 2018 - Animal Welfare Fund Grants13|quote issue= Researching tractable interventions to improve wild animal welfare. Within the animal advocacy movement, there seems to be an increasing interest in helping wild animals, but research on effective interventions is severely lacking. Utility Farm is a research organization that takes a practical approach, prioritizing the research of potentially tractable interventions. For example, they published a report on humane insecticides and they are currently research interventions to reduce the suffering of birds and small mammals caused by feral and free-ranging cats. We believe that research on wild animal welfare is both important and relatively neglected, so we are happy to support it where we can.1|date pages= December 30, 201885–100|accessdate doi= March 29, 201910.7202/1055119ar|publisher issn= Effective Altruism Funds1718-9977}}</ref>

| 2019 2018 || {{dts|January 25December 30}} || Project Funding || Wild-Lewis Bollard, Natalie Cargill, Toni Adleberg, Jamie Spurgeon || The EA Animal Suffering Research Welfare Fund management team (Lewis Bollard, Natalie Cargill, Toni Adleberg, and Jamie Spurgeon) grants $20,000 from the EA Animal Welfare Fund to Utility Farm merge . Also, they grant $75,000 to form the Wild Animal InitiativeRethink Priorities, whose research agenda within animal welfare includes assessment of work on wild animal welfare.<ref>{{cite web|url = https://wwwapp.wildanimalinitiativeeffectivealtruism.org/blogfunds/announcinganimal-waiwelfare/payouts/2uyvubn8KUCoqOQS6A4ayW|title = Announcing WIld Payout Report: Animal Welfare Fund. December 2018 - Animal InitiativeWelfare Fund Grants|date quote = January 25Researching tractable interventions to improve wild animal welfare. Within the animal advocacy movement, there seems to be an increasing interest in helping wild animals, 2019|accessdate = March 29but research on effective interventions is severely lacking. Utility Farm is a research organization that takes a practical approach, prioritizing the research of potentially tractable interventions. For example, 2019}} Cross-posted they published a report on humane insecticides and they are currently research interventions to https://wasreduce the suffering of birds and small mammals caused by feral and free-ranging cats. We believe that research.org/blog/announcing-on wild-animal-initiative/ on the Wild-Animal Suffering Research blog welfare is both important and relatively neglected, so we are happy to https://forumsupport it where we can.effectivealtruism.org/posts/jzikTHMSpckYg9ZPp/announcing-wild-animal-initiative on the |date = December 30, 2018|accessdate = March 29, 2019|publisher = Effective Altruism Forum. See also the associated discussion on Reddit at https://www.reddit.com/r/EffectiveAltruism/comments/ajr27e/announcing_wild_animal_initiative_wildanimal/Funds}}</ref>

| 2019 || February 5 {{dts|January 25}} | Publication |Project | Johan Lindsjö| Abraham Rowe, Katarina Cvek, Elin M. F. Spangenberg, Johan N. G. Olsson, and Margareta Stéen publishes "The Dividing Line Between Wildlife Persis Eskander || Wild-Animal Suffering Research and Management—Implications for Utility Farm merge to form the Wild Animal Welfare"Initiative.<ref>{{Cite journalcite web|lasturl =Lindsjö|first=Johan|last2=Cvek|first2=Katarina|last3=Spangenberg|first3=Elin Mhttps://www. Fwildanimalinitiative.org/blog/announcing-wai|last4title =OlssonAnnouncing WIld Animal Initiative|first4date =Johan N. G.January 25, 2019|last5=Stéen|first5=Margareta|dateaccessdate =March 29, 2019}} Cross-posted to https://was-02research.org/blog/announcing-05|title=The Dividing Line Between Wildlife wild-animal-initiative/ on the Wild-Animal Suffering Research blog and Management—Implications for Animal Welfare|url=to https://wwwforum.effectivealtruism.ncbiorg/posts/jzikTHMSpckYg9ZPp/announcing-wild-animal-initiative on the Effective Altruism Forum.nlmSee also the associated discussion on Reddit at https://www.nihreddit.govcom/pmcr/articlesEffectiveAltruism/PMC6371958comments/|journal=Frontiers in Veterinary Science|volume=6|doi=10.3389ajr27e/announcing_wild_animal_initiative_wildanimal/fvets.2019.00013|issn=2297-1769|pmc=6371958|pmid=30805350}}</ref>

| 2019 || February 27 5 || Publication || Johan Lindsjö, Katarina Cvek, Elin M. F. Spangenberg, Johan N. G. Olsson, Margareta Stéen || Johan Lindsjö, Katarina Cvek, Elin M. F. Spangenberg, Johan N. G. Olsson, and Margareta Stéen publish "The Dividing Line Between Wildlife Research and Management—Implications for Animal Ethics publishes "Welfare biology research: Sexual competition".<ref>{{Cite webjournal|last=Lindsjö|urlfirst=Johan|last2=Cvek|first2=Katarina|last3=Spangenberg|first3=https://wwwElin M.animal-ethicsF.org/welfare-biology-research-sexual-competition/|titlelast4=Olsson|first4=Welfare biology research: Sexual competitionJohan N. G.|lastlast5=EthicsStéen|firstfirst5=AnimalMargareta|date=2019-02-2705|websitetitle=The Dividing Line Between Wildlife Research and Management—Implications for Animal EthicsWelfare|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6371958/|journal=Frontiers in Veterinary Science|volume=6|access-datedoi=10.3389/fvets.2019.00013|issn=2297-07-221769}}</ref> <!-- pmc=6371958|pmid=30805350 -->

| 2019 || April 12 February 27 || Publication || Funding || Animal Ethics is funding a novel publishes "Welfare biology research project examining causes of harm and mortality to wild animals in Greece: Sexual competition".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.animal-ethics.org/animal-ethicswelfare-fundingbiology-projectresearch-examiningsexual-causes-of-harm-and-mortality-to-wild-animals-in-greececompetition/|title=Animal Ethics is funding a novel Welfare biology research project examining causes of harm and mortality to wild animals in Greece: Sexual competition|last=Ethics|first=Animal|date=2019-0402-1227|website=Animal Ethics|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2019 || April 15 12 || Publication Funding || Robert Wiblin interviews Persis Eskander on the 80,000 Hours podcast about "Animals Elisabeth Dimitras || Animal Ethics grants an undisclosed amount to Elisabeth Dimitras to study wild animals admitted to sanctuaries and rescue centers (wild animal rehabilitation centers) in the wild often suffer a great dealGreece. WhatThe project aims to analyze data from rehabilitation centers to figure out "reasons for admission, if anythingmortality rates, should we do about that?cause of death by age and sex, how this varies over time, and the outcomes of the animals after treatment".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://80000hourswww.animal-ethics.org/podcast/episodes/persisanimal-ethics-funding-project-examining-causes-of-harm-and-mortality-eskanderto-wild-animalanimals-in-welfaregreece/|title=Animals Animal Ethics is funding a novel research project examining causes of harm and mortality to wild animals in the wild often suffer a great deal. What, if anything, should we do about that?Greece|last=Ethics|websitefirst=80,000 HoursAnimal|languagedate=en2019-04-US12|website=Animal Ethics|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2019 || April 21 15 || Funding Publication || ACE's Effective Animal Advocacy Fund grants US$44Persis Eskander || Robert Wiblin interviews Persis Eskander on the 80,000 to Animal EthicsHours podcast about "Animals in the wild often suffer a great deal. What, if anything, should we do about that?".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.animal-ethics80000hours.org/animalpodcast/episodes/persis-charity-evaluators-effective-animal-advocacy-fund-granteskander-wild-animal-sufferingwelfare/|title=Animal Charity Evaluators’ Effective Animal Advocacy Fund will support Animal Ethics’s Animals in the wild animal suffering work|last=Ethics|first=Animal|date=2019-04-21|website=Animal Ethics|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://animalcharityevaluatorsoften suffer a great deal.org/donation-advice/effective-animal-advocacy-fund/|title=Effective Animal Advocacy FundWhat, if anything, should we do about that?|website=Animal Charity Evaluators80,000 Hours|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2019 || {{dtsApril 21 ||March 6}} Funding || Funding || The EA ACE's Effective Animal Welfare Advocacy Fund management team (Lewis Bollard, Natalie Cargill, Toni Adleberg, and Jamie Spurgeon) grants US$5044,000 from the EA Animal Welfare Fund to Wild Animal Initiative. Also, they grant $80,000 to Rethink Priorities, whose research agenda includes research into wild animal welfareEthics.<ref>{{cite Cite web|url = https://appwww.effectivealtruismanimal-ethics.org/funds/animal-welfare/payoutscharity-evaluators-effective-animal-advocacy-fund-grant-wild-animal-suffering/7ysr1iPZTjf4fBAPfP3xuB|title = Payout Report: Animal Welfare Charity Evaluators’ Effective Animal Advocacy Fund. March will support Animal Ethics’s wild animal suffering work|last=Ethics|first=Animal|date=2019 - 04-21|website=Animal Welfare Fund GrantsEthics|access-date = March 6, 2019-07-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|accessdate url= March 29, 2019https://animalcharityevaluators.org/donation-advice/effective-animal-advocacy-fund/|publisher title= Effective Altruism FundsAnimal Advocacy Fund|quote website= Research on tractable interventions to help wild animals. Two recipients of previous grants from the Animal Welfare Fund — WildCharity Evaluators|language=en-Animal Suffering Research and Utility Farm — have recently merged to form a new group: Wild Animal Initiative. Under the direction of Abraham Rowe, Wild Animal Initiative will focus on research prioritization, academic outreach, and research on potential nearUS|access-term interventions. Over the next year, they plan to expand their research and communications staff. They are also looking into funding earlydate=2019-career academics to do research that is aligned with their goals. We think that wild animal suffering is a relatively large07-scale and neglected problem, so we are happy to support one of the few organizations currently working in that space.22}}</ref>

| 2019 || June 7 {{dts|March 6}} | Publication |Funding | | Lewis Bollard, Natalie Cargill, Toni Adleberg, Jamie Spurgeon || The EA Animal Welfare Fund management team (Lewis Bollard, Natalie Cargill, Toni Adleberg, and Jamie Spurgeon) grants $50,000 from the EA Animal Welfare Fund to Wild Animal Initiative. Also, they grant $80,000 to Rethink Priorities publishes "Life history classification", "Insect herbivores, life history and whose research agenda includes research into wild animal welfare" .<ref>{{Cite cite web|url=https://wwwapp.rethinkprioritieseffectivealtruism.org/blogfunds/2019animal-welfare/6payouts/7/life7ysr1iPZTjf4fBAPfP3xuB|title = Payout Report: Animal Welfare Fund. March 2019 -history-classificationAnimal Welfare Fund Grants|date = March 6, 2019|titleaccessdate =Life history classificationMarch 29, 2019|websitepublisher =Rethink PrioritiesEffective Altruism Funds|languagequote =enResearch on tractable interventions to help wild animals. Two recipients of previous grants from the Animal Welfare Fund — Wild-US|accessAnimal Suffering Research and Utility Farm — have recently merged to form a new group: Wild Animal Initiative. Under the direction of Abraham Rowe, Wild Animal Initiative will focus on research prioritization, academic outreach, and research on potential near-date=2019term interventions. Over the next year, they plan to expand their research and communications staff. They are also looking into funding early-07career academics to do research that is aligned with their goals. We think that wild animal suffering is a relatively large-22scale and neglected problem, so we are happy to support one of the few organizations currently working in that space.}}</ref>

| 2019 || June 9 7 || Publication || || Rethink Priorities publishes a series of articles on invertebrate sentience"Life history classification", "Insect herbivores, life history and wild animal welfare".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rethinkpriorities.org/publicationsblog/2019/6/7/life-history-classification|title=PublicationsLife history classification|website=Rethink Priorities|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2019 || June 14 9 || Publication || || Rethink Priorities publishes "What Do Unconscious Processes in Humans Tell Us About Sentience?"a series of articles on invertebrate sentience.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rethinkpriorities.org/blog/2019/6/14/what-do-unconscious-processes-in-humans-tell-us-about-sentiencepublications|title=What Do Unconscious Processes in Humans Tell Us About Sentience?Publications|website=Rethink Priorities|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2019 || July 1 June 14 || Publication || Animal Ethics || Rethink Priorities publishes a new article about how fireworks harm nonhuman animals of all sizes"What Do Unconscious Processes in Humans Tell Us About Sentience?".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.animal-ethicsrethinkpriorities.org/fireworksblog/2019/6/14/what-do-unconscious-processes-in-humans-tell-harmus-nonhumanabout-animals/sentience|title=A new article about how fireworks harm nonhuman animals of all sizesWhat Do Unconscious Processes in Humans Tell Us About Sentience?|lastwebsite=EthicsRethink Priorities|firstlanguage=Animal|date=2019-07en-01|website=Animal EthicsUS|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2019 || April July 1 || Publication || Project || Wild Animal Initiative launches Wildness, Ethics publishes a podcast on wild animal ethicsnew article about how fireworks harm nonhuman animals of all sizes. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wildanimalinitiativeanimal-ethics.org/wildnessfireworks-harm-nonhuman-animals/|title=Wildness PodcastA new article about how fireworks harm nonhuman animals of all sizes|websitelast=Ethics|first=Wild Animal Initiative|languagedate=en2019-US07-01|website=Animal Ethics|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2019 || January April || Project || || Wild Animal Initiative launches The Compassionate Cat Grant aiming "to gather information on cat predation education at the rescue organization level and draw conclusions regarding the effect of advocacy efforts Wildness, a podcast on the welfare of wild animals"animal ethics.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://catgrantswww.wildanimalinitiative.org/wildness|title=The Compassionate Cat GrantWildness Podcast|website=The Compassionate Cat GrantWild Animal Initiative|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2019 || May January || Funding Project || || Wild Animal Ethics posts a call for grant applications for research Initiative launches The Compassionate Cat Grant aiming "to gather information on cat predation education at the intersection rescue organization level and draw conclusions regarding the effect of advocacy efforts on the welfare of ecology and wild animal welfare science for people doing their a master or postdoc degreeanimals".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.animal-ethicscatgrants.org/call-for-applications-grants-ecology-wild-animal-welfare/|title=Call for grant applications: Research in the intersection of ecology and wild animal welfare science at master’s level|last=Ethics|first=Animal|date=2019-05-27The Compassionate Cat Grant|website=Animal EthicsThe Compassionate Cat Grant|access-datelanguage=2019en-07-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.animal-ethics.org/call-for-grant-applications-postdoc-research-in-the-intersection-of-ecology-and-wild-animal-welfare/|title=Call for grant applications: Postdoc research in the intersection of ecology and wild animal welfare science|last=Ethics|first=Animal|date=2019-05-21|website=Animal EthicsUS|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2019 || || Funding || Oscar Horta, Maria Salazar || ACE's Animal Advocacy Research Fund awards awards funding "to Oscar Horta and Maria Salazar (Animal Ethics) for this study. The purpose of this research project is to explore how to establish an expert field of research on wild animal welfare."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://researchfund.animalcharityevaluators.org/funded-projects/establishing-a-field-of-research-for-wild-animal-suffering/|title=Establishing a field of research for wild animal suffering|date=2019-02-07|website=Animal Advocacy Research Fund|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

| 2019 || || Funding || || "[ACE's Animal Advocacy Research Fund awards] funding to Oscar Horta (Animal Ethics) for this project. The purpose of this project is to gain insight into the lines of research on wild animal suffering most likely to be accepted by and appealing to biologists and animal welfare scientists and students."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://researchfund.animalcharityevaluators.org/funded-projects/surveying-attitudes-toward-interventions-reducing-wild-animal-suffering-among-scientists-and-students/|title=Surveying attitudes toward interventions reducing wild animal suffering among scientists and students|date=2019-02-07|website=Animal Advocacy Research Fund|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref>

In July 2019, [[User:Mati Roy]] reviewed the whole timeline and added notable events since mid-2018. It took zir about 6 hours. Formatting of sources was outsourced [more info to come]. The work was livestream live-streamed here: [https://www.facebook.com/2352397188177026/videos/2087048751596777], [https://www.facebook.com/2352397188177026/videos/471651436984542/], [https://www.facebook.com/2352397188177026/videos/2885328608204798].[Funding information to come.]