Difference between revisions of "Timeline of healthcare in Pakistan"

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This is a '''timeline of healthcare in Pakistan'''.
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This is a '''timeline of healthcare in Pakistan'''. Pakistan has a mixed health system that includes public, parastatal, private, civil society, philanthropic contributors, and donor agencies.<ref name="Comparison and Analysis of Health Care Delivery Systems: Pakistan versus Bangladesh"/>
  
 
==Big picture==
 
==Big picture==
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{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Time period !! Development summary   
 
! Time period !! Development summary   
 +
|-
 +
| < 1947 || Prior to independence, the healthcare delivery system of Pakistan comprises only of civil hospitals and district council dispensaries, with most of the rural population having little access to basic health facilities and services. This model would remain until the 1960s.<ref name="Situation analysis of health management information system in Pakistan"/>
 +
|-
 +
| 1947< || Independence period. The five-year plan (1960-65) seeks the establishment of 150 rural health centers in West Pakistan over the period of five years.<ref name="Situation analysis of health management information system in Pakistan"/> The major infrastructure of the public health care system is set up in the 1970s by {{w|Zulfikar Ali Bhutto}}’s People’s Party government, which has clear socialist inclinations.<ref>{{cite web |title=The healthcare system of Pakistan - a story of corruption and betrayal |url=http://www.marxist.com/pakistan-healthcare-system150903.htm |website=marxist.com |accessdate=29 August 2018}}</ref> Basic Health Units (BHUs) start in 1980 and during 1985-86, the government decides to establish one BHU in every union council. During 1991-1992, the government decides to provide dispensaries in all larger union councils.<ref name="Situation analysis of health management information system in Pakistan">{{cite web |title=Situation analysis of health management information system in Pakistan |url=http://applications.emro.who.int/imemrf/pak_j_med_res_2002_41_2_64.pdf |website=applications.emro.who.int |accessdate=29 August 2018}}</ref>
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 21st century || Since 2000, a notable improvement in some health indicators is achieved mainly as a result of public, private programs and NGOs contributions.<ref name="Comparison and Analysis of Health Care Delivery Systems: Pakistan versus Bangladesh">{{cite journal |last1=Kumar |first1=Santosh |last2=Bano |first2=Suria |title=Comparison and Analysis of Health Care Delivery Systems: Pakistan versus Bangladesh |url=http://hospital-medical-management.imedpub.com/comparison-and-analysis-of-health-care-delivery-systems-pakistan-versus-bangladesh.php?aid=18097 |accessdate=14 August 2018}}</ref>  
 
| 21st century || Since 2000, a notable improvement in some health indicators is achieved mainly as a result of public, private programs and NGOs contributions.<ref name="Comparison and Analysis of Health Care Delivery Systems: Pakistan versus Bangladesh">{{cite journal |last1=Kumar |first1=Santosh |last2=Bano |first2=Suria |title=Comparison and Analysis of Health Care Delivery Systems: Pakistan versus Bangladesh |url=http://hospital-medical-management.imedpub.com/comparison-and-analysis-of-health-care-delivery-systems-pakistan-versus-bangladesh.php?aid=18097 |accessdate=14 August 2018}}</ref>  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
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 +
  
 
==Full timeline==
 
==Full timeline==
  
 
{| class="sortable wikitable"
 
{| class="sortable wikitable"
−
! Year !! Month and date !! Event type !! Details
+
! Year !! Event type !! Details !! Location
 +
|-
 +
| 1860 || Organization (medical school) || The {{w|King Edward Medical University}} is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=Vice Chancellor’s Message |url=https://kemu.edu.pk/ |website=kemu.edu.pk |accessdate=16 August 2018}}</ref> || [[w:Lahore District|Lahore]], [[w:Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]]
 +
|-
 +
| 1881 || Organization (medical school) || {{w|Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences}} is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences and Affiliated Colleges |url=http://pakmed.net/college/pros06s/lumhs_history.html |website=pakmed.net |accessdate=29 August 2018}}</ref> || {{w|Jamshoro}}
 +
|-
 +
| 1898 || Organization (hospital) || The [[w:Dr. Ruth Pfau Hospital|Civil Hospital Karachi]] is founded.<ref>{{cite web |title=CIVIL HOSPITAL ORIGINAL BUILDING |url=http://www.thedowdays.com/wp/2013/11/29/civil-hospital-original-building/ |website=thedowdays.com |accessdate=30 August 2018}}</ref> || {{w|Karachi}}
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|-
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| 1928 || Organization (hospital) || Punjab Dental Hospital, the first of its kind in the sub-continent, is established.<ref name="Punjab Dental Hospital">{{cite web |title=Punjab Dental Hospital |url=https://pdh.punjab.gov.pk/history |website=pdh.punjab.gov.pk |accessdate=29 August 2018}}</ref> || {{w|Lahore}}
 +
|-
 +
| 1934 || Organization (medical school) || {{w|De'Montmorency College of Dentistry}} is established.<ref name="Punjab Dental Hospital"/><ref>{{cite web |title=de' Montmorency College of Dentistry |url=http://demontmorency.blogspot.com/p/about-us.html |website=demontmorency.blogspot.com |accessdate=29 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=De Montmorency College of Dentistry |url=http://www.entrytest.com/universities/dmcd.aspx |website=entrytest.com |accessdate=29 August 2018}}</ref> || {{w|Lahore}}
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|-
 +
| 1945 || Organization (medical school) || {{w|Dow Medical College}} is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=RETRACING HISTORY: INAUGURATION DAY, DOW MEDICAL COLLEGE 1945 Home1945 Civil H |url=http://www.thedowdays.com/wp/2015/12/11/retracing-history-inauguration-day-dow-medical-college-1945/ |website=thedowdays.com |accessdate=15 August 2018}}</ref> || [[w:Karachi District|Karachi]], {{w|Sindh}}
 +
|-
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| 1947 || Organization || The {{w|Pakistan Red Crescent Society}} is founded. It is a voluntary relief organization and an auxiliary to the public authorities, more particularly to the Medical Services of the Armed Forces in accordance with provisions of the {{w|Geneva Conventions}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Introduction of Pakistan Red Crescent |url=http://www.prcsindh.org.pk/?page_id=8 |website=prcsindh.org.pk |accessdate=15 August 2018}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
 +
| 1948 || Organization || The [[w:Pakistan Medical and Dental Council|Pakistan Medical Council]] is established.<ref name="Pakistan: Economic and Commercial Conditions in Pakistan">{{cite book |title=Pakistan: Economic and Commercial Conditions in Pakistan |publisher=Great Britain. Commercial Relations and Exports Dept |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=VOYyAAAAIAAJ&q=%22Pakistan+Medical+Council%22+%221948%22&dq=%22Pakistan+Medical+Council%22+%221948%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjVu-XL2u3cAhVJulMKHX0iA80Q6AEIMDAC}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
 +
| 1948 || Organization (medical school) || The {{w|Fatima Jinnah Medical College}} is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fatima Jinnah Medical College |url=http://www.fjmu.edu.pk/history |website=fjmu.edu.pk |accessdate=14 August 2018}}</ref> || [[w:Lahore District|Lahore]], [[w:Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]]
 +
|-
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| 1951 || Literature || The ''{{w|Journal of Pakistan Medical Association}}'' is launched.<ref>{{cite web |title=Medical Journals  Recommended by Neil Gerardo |url=http://mrx.com/mrxmedicaljournals.html |website=mrx.com |accessdate=29 August 2018}}</ref> ||
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|-
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| 1951 || Organization || The {{w|Edhi Foundation}} is established by Pakistani philanthropist {{w|Abdul Sattar Edhi}} as a non-profit social welfare program.<ref>{{cite web |title=Abdul Sattar Edhi: He was a hero to Pakistan’s poor and needy |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/07/08/abdul-sattar-edhi-he-was-a-hero-to-pakistans-poor-and-needy/?utm_term=.e87b07768595 |website=washingtonpost.com |accessdate=16 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=10 facts to know about Edhi foundation that sheltered Geeta in Pakistan |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/10-facts-about-pakistan-based-edhi-foundation-55544.html |website=indiatvnews.com |accessdate=28 August 2018}}</ref> It is funded solely by private donations. The foundation provides a variety of social services from homeless shelters to medical care — all free of charge — and assists people both nationally and internationally. Edhi foundation operates the world’s largest volunteer ambulance network in Pakistan.<ref>{{cite web |title=Abdul Sattar Edhi’s 89th Birthday |url=https://www.google.com/doodles/abdul-sattar-edhis-89th-birthday |website=google.com |accessdate=28 August 2018}}</ref> ||
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|-
 +
| 1951 || Organization (medical school) || The {{w|Nishtar Medical College}} is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nishtar Medical College, Multan. A Marvel of Architecture. |url=http://www.hasaan.com/2015/05/nishtar-medical-college-multan-marvel.html |website=hasaan.com |accessdate=14 August 2018}}</ref> || [[w:Multan District|Multan]], [[w:Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]]
 +
|-
 +
| 1951 || Policy || The Pakistan Medical Council Act 1951 is enacted.<ref name="Pakistan Medical & Dental Council"/> ||
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|-
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| 1957 || Organization || The {{w|Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Pakistan}} is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Pakistan |url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Setting+healthy+lifestyle+essential+for+women%3A+SOGP.-a0342598737 |website=thefreelibrary.com |accessdate=16 August 2018}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
 +
| 1957 || Organization || The West Pakistan Medical Council is established on the formation of West Pakistan by merging Sindh & Punjab Medical Councils.<ref name="Pakistan Medical & Dental Council">{{cite web |title=Pakistan Medical & Dental Council |url=http://www.pmdc.org.pk/AboutUs/tabid/72/Default.aspx |website=pmdc.org.pk |accessdate=16 August 2018}}</ref> ||
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|-
 +
| 1962 || Organization (medical school) || The {{w|College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan}} is founded.<ref>{{cite web |title=College of Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan |url=https://www.cpsp.edu.pk/history |website=cpsp.edu.pk |accessdate=16 August 2018}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
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| 1962 || Organization || The {{w|Pakistan Health Research Council}} is created with the purpose of promoting, organizing and coordinating medical research in the country.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pakistan Health Research Council |url=https://allevents.in/org/pakistan-health-research-council/13095858 |website=allevents.in |accessdate=16 August 2018}}</ref><ref name="Will health ministry adhocism continue in Naya Pakistan?">{{cite web |title=Will health ministry adhocism continue in Naya Pakistan? |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/359548-will-health-ministry-adhocism-continue-in-naya-pakistan |website=thenews.com.pk |accessdate=22 September 2018}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
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| 1962 || Organization (government body) || Pakistan Medical & Dental Council is established as a statutory regulatory authority.<ref name="Pakistan Medical & Dental Council"/> ||
 +
|-
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| 1964 || Organization (medical school) || {{w|Khyber College of Dentistry}} is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=KCD History |url=http://www.kcd.edu.pk/ |website=kcd.edu.pk |accessdate=29 August 2018}}</ref> || {{w|Peshawar}}
 +
|-
 +
| 1965 || Organization || The {{w|National Council for Homeopathy}} is formed, after homeopathic system of medicine is recognized by the {{w|Government of Pakistan}} under the Unani, Ayurvedic and Homeopathic Practitioners Act, 1965.<ref name="Pakchem 01">{{cite web|title=National Council for Homeopathy|url=http://www.pakchem.net/2012/04/national-council-for-homoeopathy.html|accessdate=14 August 2018}}</ref><ref name="NCH 65">{{cite web|title=National Council for Homeopathy|url=http://nchpakistan.gov.pk|publisher=NCH Pakistan|accessdate=14 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://nasirlawsite.com/laws/uahpa.htm | title = The Unani, Ayurvedic and Homoeopathic Practitioners Act, 1965}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
 +
| 1965 || Organization || The {{w|National Institute of Health (Pakistan)}} is established, as independently working organizations including the Bureau of Laboratories, Directorate of Nutrition Survey, and other health-related organizations merge.<ref name="Institute of Public Health">{{cite web |title=Institute of Public Health |url=http://www.ianphi.org/membercountries/memberinformation/pakistan.html |website=ianphi.org |accessdate=16 August 2018}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
 +
| 1970 || Organization (medical school) || {{w|Quaid-e-Azam Medical College}} is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=Quaid-e-Azam Medical College QAMC Bahawalpur |url=http://pakmed.net/punjab/uhs/et2012/prospectus/14prospectus.htm |website=pakmed.net |accessdate=16 August 2018}}</ref> || [[w:Bahawalpur District|Bahawalpur]], [[w:Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]]
 +
|-
 +
| 1970 || Organization (hospital) || The {{w|Sindh Institute of Urology & Transplantation}} is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=Inside Pakistan’s Largest Free Hospital: S.I.U.T |url=https://pulitzercenter.org/reporting/inside-pakistans-largest-free-hospital-siut |website=pulitzercenter.org |accessdate=29 August 2018}}</ref> || {{w|Karachi}}
 +
|-
 +
| 1972 || Policy || The Generic Drug Act is introduced in Pakistan, with the aim at promoting generic medicines and to make them affordable and accessible. The act forbids the use of brand names in the prescriptions and emphasizes the use of generic names or international non-propietary names. However, the scheme would end in 1975 when 38 local manufacturing companies are found guilty of producing substandard drugs.<ref name="Pharmaceutical Policy in Countries with Developing Healthcare Systems">{{cite book |title=Pharmaceutical Policy in Countries with Developing Healthcare Systems |edition=Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=9yWKDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA35&lpg=PA35&dq=healthcare+in+pakistan+%22in+1970..1980%22&source=bl&ots=nmP_lhPnJN&sig=f_SI48U7-bly3uIY1YXNrIABacU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjw_6eSoO3cAhUGiJAKHdBXD0YQ6AEwAnoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=healthcare%20in%20pakistan%20%22in%201970..1980%22&f=false}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
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| 1979 || Organization || The {{w|Pakistan Islamic Medical Association}} is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=About PIMA |url=https://pima.org.pk/dev/?cat=7 |website=pima.org.pk |accessdate=15 August 2018}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
 +
| 1979 || Organization (medical school) || {{w|Ayub College of Dentistry}} is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ayub Medical College |url=http://ayubmed.edu.pk/about-us/ |website=ayubmed.edu.pk |accessdate=29 August 2018}}</ref> || {{w|Abbottabad}}
 +
|-
 +
| 1980 || Program || A whole-cell pertussis vaccine is introduced in the country.<ref>{{cite book |title=Bordetella Infections: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2012 Edition: ScholarlyPaper |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=SQu0l3k-JCgC&pg=PA4&lpg=PA4&dq=healthcare+in+pakistan+%22in+1970..1980%22&source=bl&ots=Zil3iMKEEZ&sig=t1nF0KQmc1A2rsrHn8Jmm3cIWk4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjw_6eSoO3cAhUGiJAKHdBXD0YQ6AEwA3oECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=healthcare%20in%20pakistan%20%22in%201970..1980%22&f=false}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
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| 1980 || Organization (government body) || The {{w|National Institute of Health (Pakistan)}} becomes an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Health through the presidential ordinance XLIII.<ref name="Institute of Public Health"/> ||
 +
|-
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| 1980 || Organization (hospital) || {{w|Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi}} is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aga Khan University Hospital |url=https://www.omicsonline.org/universities/Aga_Khan_University_Hospital/ |website=omicsonline.org |accessdate=29 August 2018}}</ref> || {{w|Karachi}}
 +
|-
 +
| 1994 || || The first National Essential Medicines List (NEML) is prepared in Pakistan.<ref name="Pharmaceutical Policy in Countries with Developing Healthcare Systems"/> ||
 +
|-
 +
| 1997 || Policy || The National Health Policy is revised as it is felt that it does not adequately cover all areas of primary healthcare. The new policy is based on the concept of health with all its physical, mental, and social dimensions.<ref name="Encyclopedia of Women & Islamic Cultures: Family, Body, Sexuality And Health, Volume 3">{{cite book |last1=Joseph |first1=Suad |last2=Naǧmābādī |first2=Afsāna |title=Encyclopedia of Women & Islamic Cultures: Family, Body, Sexuality And Health, Volume 3 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=bzXzWgVajnQC&pg=PA171&lpg=PA171&dq=healthcare+in+pakistan+%22in+1980..2000%22&source=bl&ots=AsqTMuymDn&sig=B51KKi3ITTYTq7H2VfQ88nX9WjM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjtodCFq-3cAhWKEpAKHU3cAIkQ6AEwC3oECAYQAQ#v=onepage&q=healthcare%20in%20pakistan%20%22in%201980..2000%22&f=false}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
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| 1997 || Organization || {{w|Health Oriented Preventive Education}} (HOPE) is established. It would grow from a band of street volunteers to a huge national network of schools and hospitals. HOPE is an NGO providing services of health and education for the poor and needy in Pakistan.<ref>{{cite web |title=WHAT IS HOPE ? |url=http://www.hope-ngo.com/Home.aspx |website=hope-ngo.com |accessdate=28 August 2018}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
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| 2010 || Organization (government body) || The {{w|Punjab Healthcare Commission}} is established by the {{w|Government of the Punjab}} under the Punjab Healthcare Commission Act 2010.<ref>{{cite web |title=THE PUNJAB HEALTHCARE COMMISSION |url=https://www.phc.org.pk/downloads/PHC_Final_Act.pdf |website=phc.org.pk |accessdate=14 August 2018}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
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| 2011 || Organization (government body) || The {{w|Ministry of National Health Services, Regulation and Coordination}} is formed as a [[w:Cabinet of Pakistan|cabinet]] level ministry of the [[w:Government of Pakistan|Government]] of {{w|Pakistan}} with responsibility for national {{w|public health}}.<ref name="push">{{cite web|url=http://push.pk/213|title=DFID Delegation called-on Mrs. Saira Afzal Tarar, Federal Minister for the Ministry of National Health Services, Regulation &amp; Coordination &#124; Press United to Serve Humanity|publisher=push.pk|accessdate=28 August 2018|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715012814/http://push.pk/213|archivedate=2014-07-15|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Ministry of National Health Services,  Regulations and Coordination Government of Pakistan |url=http://www.nhsrc.gov.pk/messageDetail23df.html?message_id=4 |website=nhsrc.gov.pk |accessdate=16 August 2018}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
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| 2012 || Organization || The Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP) is created.<ref name="Will health ministry adhocism continue in Naya Pakistan?"/><ref name="">{{cite web |title=Bill to Provide for the Establishment of Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan, 2012 |url=http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/d/Js19950en/ |website=who.int |accessdate=22 September 2018}}</ref> ||
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|-
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| 2012 || Financial || The pharmaceutical market in Pakistan is valued at about US$2 billion.<ref name="Pharmaceutical Policy in Countries with Developing Healthcare Systems"/> ||
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|-
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| 2015 || Program || Pakistan fails to attain {{w|Millennium Developmental Goals}} (MDGs) 2015, a set of international development goals officially established following the Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000, which include eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, reducing child mortality rates, improving maternal health, and combating HIV/Aids, malaria, and other diseases.<ref name="Pakistan fails to meet Millennium Development Goals">{{cite web |title=Pakistan fails to meet Millennium Development Goals |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/781001 |website=dawn.com |accessdate=22 September 2018}}</ref><ref name="Comparison and Analysis of Health Care Delivery Systems: Pakistan versus Bangladesh"/> ||
 +
|-
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| 2015 || Program || The Government of Pakistan introduces the inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) into rutine.<ref name="Pharmaceutical Policy in Countries with Developing Healthcare Systems"/> ||
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|-
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| 2016 || Program || Pakistan settles the National Health Vision 2016-25, a program aimed to improve the health of all population particularly women and children, through universal access to affordable quality essential health services, and delivered through resilient and responsive health system.<ref name="Comparison and Analysis of Health Care Delivery Systems: Pakistan versus Bangladesh"/> ||
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|-
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| 2017 || Program || The Prime Minister of Pakistan launches a health insurance scheme with aims to provide healthcare coverage to families earning two dollars a day or less. A family benefiting from this insurance scheme is entitled to an annual treatment costing US$2,600. The project’s goal is to provide health insurance to 23 million families in the federal capital, the {{w|Federally Administered Tribal Areas}}, and {{w|Punjab}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Healthcare in the US and Pakistan |url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/187286/healthcare-us-pakistan/ |website=dailytimes.com.pk |accessdate=30 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=How Pakistan’s National Health Insurance Program Will Work |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2015/12/31/how-pakistans-national-health-insurance-program-will-work/ |website=blogs.wsj.com |accessdate=30 August 2018}}</ref> ||
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|-
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| 2018 || Statistics || Pakistan reports a {{w|life expectancy}} of 66.5 years (65.7 males, 67.4 females), ranking 133th worldwide.<ref>{{cite web |title=PAKISTAN : LIFE EXPECTANCY |url=http://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/pakistan-life-expectancy |website=worldlifeexpectancy.com |accessdate=30 August 2018}}</ref> ||
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|-
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|}
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== Numerical and visual data  ==
 +
 
 +
=== Google Scholar ===
 +
 
 +
The following table summarizes per-year mentions on Google Scholar as of June 5, 2021.
 +
 
 +
{| class="sortable wikitable"
 +
! Year
 +
! healthcare in Pakistan
 +
! universal healthcare in Pakistan
 +
! private healthcare in Pakistan
 +
! traditional medicine in Pakistan
 +
|-
 +
| 1980 || 26 || 1 || 21 || 309
 +
|-
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| 1985 || 31 || 6 || 24 || 419
 +
|-
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| 1990 || 52 || 18 || 30 || 630 
 +
|-
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| 1995 || 170 || 53 || 86 || 1,090
 +
|-
 +
| 2000 || 621 || 220 || 350 || 2,000
 +
|-
 +
| 2002 || 1,040 || 321 || 627 || 2,940
 +
|-
 +
| 2004 || 1,730 || 604 || 1,050 || 4,000
 +
|-
 +
| 2006 || 2,630 || 919 || 1,610 || 4,420
 +
|-
 +
| 2008 || 4,030 || 1,400 || 2,380 || 6,260
 +
|-
 +
| 2010 || 5,970 || 1,970 || 3,310 || 8,700
 +
|-
 +
| 2012 || 8,690 || 2,690 || 4,620 || 11,800
 +
|-
 +
| 2014 || 12,400 || 3,540 || 6,270 || 15,400 
 +
|-
 +
| 2016 || 16,200 || 4,450 || 7,850 || 17,200
 +
|-
 +
| 2017 || 18,000 || 4,790 || 8,580 || 18,300 
 +
|-
 +
| 2018 || 20,700 || 4,990 || 9,850 || 19,600 
 +
|-
 +
| 2019 || 23,400 || 6,070 || 11,200 || 20,500 
 +
|-
 +
| 2020 || 26,100 || 7,540 || 11,700 || 23,500
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
 +
 +
 +
[[File:Healthcare in Pakistan tb.png|thumb|center|700px]]
 +
 +
=== Google Trends ===
 +
The image below shows {{w|Google Trends}} data for Healthcare in Pakistan (Search term) from January 2004 to February 2021, when the screenshot was taken. Interest is also ranked by country and displayed on world map.<ref>{{cite web |title=Healthcare in Pakistan |url=https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&q=Healthcare%20in%20Pakistan |website=Google Trends |access-date=25 February 2021}}</ref>
 +
 +
[[File:Healthcare in Pakistan gt.png|thumb|center|600px]]
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 +
=== Google Ngram Viewer ===
 +
The chart below shows {{w|Google Ngram Viewer}} data for Healthcare in Pakistan from 1950 to 2019.<ref>{{cite web |title=Healthcare in Pakistan |url=https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=Healthcare+in+Pakistan&year_start=1950&year_end=2019&case_insensitive=on&corpus=26&smoothing=3&direct_url=t1%3B%2Chealthcare%20in%20Pakistan%3B%2Cc0#t1%3B%2Chealthcare%20in%20Pakistan%3B%2Cc0 |website=books.google.com |access-date=25 February 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
 +
 +
[[File:Healthcare in Pakistan ngram.png|thumb|center|700px]]
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 +
=== Wikipedia Views ===
 +
The chart below shows pageviews of the English Wikipedia article {{w|Healthcare in Pakistan}}, on desktop, mobile-web, desktop-spider, mobile-web-spider and mobile app, from July 2015 to January 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=Healthcare in Pakistan |url=https://wikipediaviews.org/displayviewsformultiplemonths.php?page=Healthcare+in+Pakistan&allmonths=allmonths-api&language=en&drilldown=all |website=wikipediaviews.org |access-date=24 February 2021}}</ref>
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[[File:Healthcare in Pakistan wv.jpg|thumb|center|400px]]
  
 
==Meta information on the timeline==
 
==Meta information on the timeline==
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===How the timeline was built===
 
===How the timeline was built===
  
−
The initial version of the timeline was written by [[User:FIXME|FIXME]].
+
The initial version of the timeline was written by [[User:Sebastian]].
  
 
{{funding info}} is available.
 
{{funding info}} is available.

Latest revision as of 20:35, 12 March 2024

This is a timeline of healthcare in Pakistan. Pakistan has a mixed health system that includes public, parastatal, private, civil society, philanthropic contributors, and donor agencies.[1]

Big picture

Time period Development summary
< 1947 Prior to independence, the healthcare delivery system of Pakistan comprises only of civil hospitals and district council dispensaries, with most of the rural population having little access to basic health facilities and services. This model would remain until the 1960s.[2]
1947< Independence period. The five-year plan (1960-65) seeks the establishment of 150 rural health centers in West Pakistan over the period of five years.[2] The major infrastructure of the public health care system is set up in the 1970s by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s People’s Party government, which has clear socialist inclinations.[3] Basic Health Units (BHUs) start in 1980 and during 1985-86, the government decides to establish one BHU in every union council. During 1991-1992, the government decides to provide dispensaries in all larger union councils.[2]
21st century Since 2000, a notable improvement in some health indicators is achieved mainly as a result of public, private programs and NGOs contributions.[1]


Full timeline

Year Event type Details Location
1860 Organization (medical school) The King Edward Medical University is established.[4] Lahore, Punjab
1881 Organization (medical school) Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences is established.[5] Jamshoro
1898 Organization (hospital) The Civil Hospital Karachi is founded.[6] Karachi
1928 Organization (hospital) Punjab Dental Hospital, the first of its kind in the sub-continent, is established.[7] Lahore
1934 Organization (medical school) De'Montmorency College of Dentistry is established.[7][8][9] Lahore
1945 Organization (medical school) Dow Medical College is established.[10] Karachi, Sindh
1947 Organization The Pakistan Red Crescent Society is founded. It is a voluntary relief organization and an auxiliary to the public authorities, more particularly to the Medical Services of the Armed Forces in accordance with provisions of the Geneva Conventions.[11]
1948 Organization The Pakistan Medical Council is established.[12]
1948 Organization (medical school) The Fatima Jinnah Medical College is established.[13] Lahore, Punjab
1951 Literature The Journal of Pakistan Medical Association is launched.[14]
1951 Organization The Edhi Foundation is established by Pakistani philanthropist Abdul Sattar Edhi as a non-profit social welfare program.[15][16] It is funded solely by private donations. The foundation provides a variety of social services from homeless shelters to medical care — all free of charge — and assists people both nationally and internationally. Edhi foundation operates the world’s largest volunteer ambulance network in Pakistan.[17]
1951 Organization (medical school) The Nishtar Medical College is established.[18] Multan, Punjab
1951 Policy The Pakistan Medical Council Act 1951 is enacted.[19]
1957 Organization The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Pakistan is established.[20]
1957 Organization The West Pakistan Medical Council is established on the formation of West Pakistan by merging Sindh & Punjab Medical Councils.[19]
1962 Organization (medical school) The College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan is founded.[21]
1962 Organization The Pakistan Health Research Council is created with the purpose of promoting, organizing and coordinating medical research in the country.[22][23]
1962 Organization (government body) Pakistan Medical & Dental Council is established as a statutory regulatory authority.[19]
1964 Organization (medical school) Khyber College of Dentistry is established.[24] Peshawar
1965 Organization The National Council for Homeopathy is formed, after homeopathic system of medicine is recognized by the Government of Pakistan under the Unani, Ayurvedic and Homeopathic Practitioners Act, 1965.[25][26][27]
1965 Organization The National Institute of Health (Pakistan) is established, as independently working organizations including the Bureau of Laboratories, Directorate of Nutrition Survey, and other health-related organizations merge.[28]
1970 Organization (medical school) Quaid-e-Azam Medical College is established.[29] Bahawalpur, Punjab
1970 Organization (hospital) The Sindh Institute of Urology & Transplantation is established.[30] Karachi
1972 Policy The Generic Drug Act is introduced in Pakistan, with the aim at promoting generic medicines and to make them affordable and accessible. The act forbids the use of brand names in the prescriptions and emphasizes the use of generic names or international non-propietary names. However, the scheme would end in 1975 when 38 local manufacturing companies are found guilty of producing substandard drugs.[31]
1979 Organization The Pakistan Islamic Medical Association is established.[32]
1979 Organization (medical school) Ayub College of Dentistry is established.[33] Abbottabad
1980 Program A whole-cell pertussis vaccine is introduced in the country.[34]
1980 Organization (government body) The National Institute of Health (Pakistan) becomes an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Health through the presidential ordinance XLIII.[28]
1980 Organization (hospital) Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi is established.[35] Karachi
1994 The first National Essential Medicines List (NEML) is prepared in Pakistan.[31]
1997 Policy The National Health Policy is revised as it is felt that it does not adequately cover all areas of primary healthcare. The new policy is based on the concept of health with all its physical, mental, and social dimensions.[36]
1997 Organization Health Oriented Preventive Education (HOPE) is established. It would grow from a band of street volunteers to a huge national network of schools and hospitals. HOPE is an NGO providing services of health and education for the poor and needy in Pakistan.[37]
2010 Organization (government body) The Punjab Healthcare Commission is established by the Government of the Punjab under the Punjab Healthcare Commission Act 2010.[38]
2011 Organization (government body) The Ministry of National Health Services, Regulation and Coordination is formed as a cabinet level ministry of the Government of Pakistan with responsibility for national public health.[39][40]
2012 Organization The Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP) is created.[23][41]
2012 Financial The pharmaceutical market in Pakistan is valued at about US$2 billion.[31]
2015 Program Pakistan fails to attain Millennium Developmental Goals (MDGs) 2015, a set of international development goals officially established following the Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000, which include eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, reducing child mortality rates, improving maternal health, and combating HIV/Aids, malaria, and other diseases.[42][1]
2015 Program The Government of Pakistan introduces the inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) into rutine.[31]
2016 Program Pakistan settles the National Health Vision 2016-25, a program aimed to improve the health of all population particularly women and children, through universal access to affordable quality essential health services, and delivered through resilient and responsive health system.[1]
2017 Program The Prime Minister of Pakistan launches a health insurance scheme with aims to provide healthcare coverage to families earning two dollars a day or less. A family benefiting from this insurance scheme is entitled to an annual treatment costing US$2,600. The project’s goal is to provide health insurance to 23 million families in the federal capital, the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, and Punjab.[43][44]
2018 Statistics Pakistan reports a life expectancy of 66.5 years (65.7 males, 67.4 females), ranking 133th worldwide.[45]

Numerical and visual data

Google Scholar

The following table summarizes per-year mentions on Google Scholar as of June 5, 2021.

Year healthcare in Pakistan universal healthcare in Pakistan private healthcare in Pakistan traditional medicine in Pakistan
1980 26 1 21 309
1985 31 6 24 419
1990 52 18 30 630
1995 170 53 86 1,090
2000 621 220 350 2,000
2002 1,040 321 627 2,940
2004 1,730 604 1,050 4,000
2006 2,630 919 1,610 4,420
2008 4,030 1,400 2,380 6,260
2010 5,970 1,970 3,310 8,700
2012 8,690 2,690 4,620 11,800
2014 12,400 3,540 6,270 15,400
2016 16,200 4,450 7,850 17,200
2017 18,000 4,790 8,580 18,300
2018 20,700 4,990 9,850 19,600
2019 23,400 6,070 11,200 20,500
2020 26,100 7,540 11,700 23,500


Healthcare in Pakistan tb.png

Google Trends

The image below shows Google Trends data for Healthcare in Pakistan (Search term) from January 2004 to February 2021, when the screenshot was taken. Interest is also ranked by country and displayed on world map.[46]

Healthcare in Pakistan gt.png

Google Ngram Viewer

The chart below shows Google Ngram Viewer data for Healthcare in Pakistan from 1950 to 2019.[47]

Healthcare in Pakistan ngram.png

Wikipedia Views

The chart below shows pageviews of the English Wikipedia article Healthcare in Pakistan, on desktop, mobile-web, desktop-spider, mobile-web-spider and mobile app, from July 2015 to January 2021.[48]

Healthcare in Pakistan wv.jpg

Meta information on the timeline

How the timeline was built

The initial version of the timeline was written by User:Sebastian.

Funding information for this timeline is available.

Feedback and comments

Feedback for the timeline can be provided at the following places:

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What the timeline is still missing

Timeline update strategy

See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Kumar, Santosh; Bano, Suria. "Comparison and Analysis of Health Care Delivery Systems: Pakistan versus Bangladesh". Retrieved 14 August 2018. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Situation analysis of health management information system in Pakistan" (PDF). applications.emro.who.int. Retrieved 29 August 2018. 
  3. ↑ "The healthcare system of Pakistan - a story of corruption and betrayal". marxist.com. Retrieved 29 August 2018. 
  4. ↑ "Vice Chancellor's Message". kemu.edu.pk. Retrieved 16 August 2018. 
  5. ↑ "Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences and Affiliated Colleges". pakmed.net. Retrieved 29 August 2018. 
  6. ↑ "CIVIL HOSPITAL ORIGINAL BUILDING". thedowdays.com. Retrieved 30 August 2018. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Punjab Dental Hospital". pdh.punjab.gov.pk. Retrieved 29 August 2018. 
  8. ↑ "de' Montmorency College of Dentistry". demontmorency.blogspot.com. Retrieved 29 August 2018. 
  9. ↑ "De Montmorency College of Dentistry". entrytest.com. Retrieved 29 August 2018. 
  10. ↑ "RETRACING HISTORY: INAUGURATION DAY, DOW MEDICAL COLLEGE 1945 Home1945 Civil H". thedowdays.com. Retrieved 15 August 2018. 
  11. ↑ "Introduction of Pakistan Red Crescent". prcsindh.org.pk. Retrieved 15 August 2018. 
  12. ↑ Pakistan: Economic and Commercial Conditions in Pakistan. Great Britain. Commercial Relations and Exports Dept. 
  13. ↑ "Fatima Jinnah Medical College". fjmu.edu.pk. Retrieved 14 August 2018. 
  14. ↑ "Medical Journals Recommended by Neil Gerardo". mrx.com. Retrieved 29 August 2018. 
  15. ↑ "Abdul Sattar Edhi: He was a hero to Pakistan's poor and needy". washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 16 August 2018. 
  16. ↑ "10 facts to know about Edhi foundation that sheltered Geeta in Pakistan". indiatvnews.com. Retrieved 28 August 2018. 
  17. ↑ "Abdul Sattar Edhi's 89th Birthday". google.com. Retrieved 28 August 2018. 
  18. ↑ "Nishtar Medical College, Multan. A Marvel of Architecture.". hasaan.com. Retrieved 14 August 2018. 
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 "Pakistan Medical & Dental Council". pmdc.org.pk. Retrieved 16 August 2018. 
  20. ↑ "Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Pakistan". thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved 16 August 2018. 
  21. ↑ "College of Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan". cpsp.edu.pk. Retrieved 16 August 2018. 
  22. ↑ "Pakistan Health Research Council". allevents.in. Retrieved 16 August 2018. 
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 "Will health ministry adhocism continue in Naya Pakistan?". thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 22 September 2018. 
  24. ↑ "KCD History". kcd.edu.pk. Retrieved 29 August 2018. 
  25. ↑ "National Council for Homeopathy". Retrieved 14 August 2018. 
  26. ↑ "National Council for Homeopathy". NCH Pakistan. Retrieved 14 August 2018. 
  27. ↑ "The Unani, Ayurvedic and Homoeopathic Practitioners Act, 1965". 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 "Institute of Public Health". ianphi.org. Retrieved 16 August 2018. 
  29. ↑ "Quaid-e-Azam Medical College QAMC Bahawalpur". pakmed.net. Retrieved 16 August 2018. 
  30. ↑ "Inside Pakistan's Largest Free Hospital: S.I.U.T". pulitzercenter.org. Retrieved 29 August 2018. 
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 Pharmaceutical Policy in Countries with Developing Healthcare Systems (Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar ed.). 
  32. ↑ "About PIMA". pima.org.pk. Retrieved 15 August 2018. 
  33. ↑ "Ayub Medical College". ayubmed.edu.pk. Retrieved 29 August 2018. 
  34. ↑ Bordetella Infections: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2012 Edition: ScholarlyPaper. 
  35. ↑ "Aga Khan University Hospital". omicsonline.org. Retrieved 29 August 2018. 
  36. ↑ Joseph, Suad; Naǧmābādī, Afsāna. Encyclopedia of Women & Islamic Cultures: Family, Body, Sexuality And Health, Volume 3. 
  37. ↑ "WHAT IS HOPE ?". hope-ngo.com. Retrieved 28 August 2018. 
  38. ↑ "THE PUNJAB HEALTHCARE COMMISSION" (PDF). phc.org.pk. Retrieved 14 August 2018. 
  39. ↑ "DFID Delegation called-on Mrs. Saira Afzal Tarar, Federal Minister for the Ministry of National Health Services, Regulation & Coordination | Press United to Serve Humanity". push.pk. Archived from the original on 2014-07-15. Retrieved 28 August 2018. 
  40. ↑ "Ministry of National Health Services, Regulations and Coordination Government of Pakistan". nhsrc.gov.pk. Retrieved 16 August 2018. 
  41. ↑ "Bill to Provide for the Establishment of Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan, 2012". who.int. Retrieved 22 September 2018. 
  42. ↑ "Pakistan fails to meet Millennium Development Goals". dawn.com. Retrieved 22 September 2018. 
  43. ↑ "Healthcare in the US and Pakistan". dailytimes.com.pk. Retrieved 30 August 2018. 
  44. ↑ "How Pakistan's National Health Insurance Program Will Work". blogs.wsj.com. Retrieved 30 August 2018. 
  45. ↑ "PAKISTAN : LIFE EXPECTANCY". worldlifeexpectancy.com. Retrieved 30 August 2018. 
  46. ↑ "Healthcare in Pakistan". Google Trends. Retrieved 25 February 2021. 
  47. ↑ "Healthcare in Pakistan". books.google.com. Retrieved 25 February 2021. 
  48. ↑ "Healthcare in Pakistan". wikipediaviews.org. Retrieved 24 February 2021. 
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