Timeline of malaria in 2014

This is a timeline of malaria in 2014.

Development summary

• Parasites:
• Vectors:
• Drugs, vaccines, treatment, and control methods:
• Eradication and control progress: About 269 million of the 834 million people at risk of malaria lived in households without a single Insecticide treated net or Indoor residual spraying. Also, 15 million of the 28 million pregnant women at risk did not receive a single dose of IPTp.
• Vector control:

Key figures

Global cases	214 million
Global deaths	438,000
Rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) sold	314 million (up from 80 million in 2008)
Global financing for malaria control	2.5 billion
Spending on research and development for malaria	US$ 611 million (up from US$ 607 million in 2010)

Full timeline

Date (news release)	Event type	Details
January 14	Engineering (drug)	Biologists at University of California, Berkeley develop new ways to genetically modify yeast to produce antimalarial artemisinin, with the purpose of getting the lowest possible price (in China, where most of the crop is grown, the price swung from 200$ to 1,100$ per kilogram).	United States
January 14	Engineering (vaccine)	Researchers at Tulane University manage to use Escherichia coli bacteria to inexpensively manufacture protein CHrPfs25, which is critical to the development of a malaria vaccine.	United States
January 16	Engineering (testing)	United Kingdom biotech firm develops a handheld device able to detect infectious diseases such as malaria in just 15 minutes. The device is expected to be used by professionals in rural areas of developing nations to test more efficiently.	United Kingdom
February 10	Medical development (vaccine)	iBio Inc., a manufacturer of biological products, reports the initiation of a Phase 1 human safety and immunogenicity clinical study of a transmission-blocking malaria vaccine candidate. Clearance was obtained from the FDA	United States
February 23	Scientific discovery (parasite)	Two research teams working independently discover that a single protein (AP2-G) acts as the master genetic switch that triggers the development of male and female sexual forms of the malaria parasite.	United States, United Kingdom
March 10	Scientific discovery (vector)	Researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and the University of Michigan, find that many areas and land masses are experiencing a gradual but noticeable warming, prompting the risk of causing malaria's domain to expand.	United Kingdom, United States
March 13	Testing	Stanford University professor develops US$50 cents, foldscope paper microscope that can diagnose malaria.	United States
April 17	Vaccine	Indian scientists report having obtained promising vaccine candidate against malaria, showing 80 to 85% efficacy in mice.	India
April 24	Discovery (resistance)	International team manages to identify a genetic marker of artemisinin resistance, after having first created a Plasmodium strain in the laboratory that resists high levels of artemisinin and comparing its DNA with the non–resistant parent strain.
April 25	Campaign	School children and volunteers from Mangalore, India, launch the Guppy movement campaign, a movement with aims at controlling malaria by using guppy fish to eliminate mosquito larvae.	India
May 22	Vaccine	Researchers from Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital and the National Institutes of Health discover protective antibodies in protein PfSEA-1 that is essential for malaria–causing parasites to escape from inside red blood cells. These antibodies, which were found in malaria–resistant children from Tanzania are tested in mice, leading to a significant protection against malaria.	United States
June 12		"it was reported that scientists have made a breakthrough in genetic modification that could be used in the fight against malaria. A team at Imperial College London have successfully genetically modified Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes so that the modified mosquitoes produce 95% male offspring. More importantly this reproductive tendency was inherited by the offspring of the modified mosquitoes."	United Kingdom
June 13		"researchers from Imperial College London, Institut Pasteur Paris and other organisations have called for new methods to evaluate malaria programmes. Franca Davenport asks one of the authors, Dr Tom Churcher from the School of Public Health at Imperial College London, about the need for new evaluation methods and the possible advantages of their proposed new approach."
June 15		"Scientists think they have figured out a way to wipe out mosquitoes that transmit malari. Based on laboratory experiments, they think they can do it by messing up the sex life of Anopheles gambiae, the mosquito that sucks blood out of other animals, including humans, that carries the parasite that causes a disease for which there is no vaccine."	United Kingdom
June 30		"Malaria parasite alters host body odor to entice mosquitoes"
July 9		"Researchers say they have evidence the malaria parasite lurks in bone marrow, a spongy tissue inside bones where blood cells are produced. The discovery offers hope that new treatments can be found to fight the disease, which kills an estimated one million people each year."
July 21		"A cheap anti-malarial drug could prevent liver cancer, scientists at University College London have discovered, offering hope for hundreds of thousands who are at risk of the disease"
July 17		"Scientists from the Burnet Institute, Deakin University and Monash University were able to starve the malaria parasite of important proteins essential to its survival, providing a target for the development of new antimalarial drugs"
July 21		"Researchers at Monash University and the University of Melbourne in Australia have found a way to rapidly identify malaria parasites in humans using advanced military hardware meant for missile defense."
July 29		"Experts say the world's first malaria vaccine could be approved for use in 2015."
August 10		Biological engineers at the Massachusets Institute of Technology demonstrate that CRISPR genome-editing technique can disrupt a single parasite gene with a success rate of up to 100% — in a matter of weeks. This approach could enable much more rapid malaria gene analysis and boost drug-development efforts.	United States
August 24		"Man And Machine: Facial Recognition System Improves Malaria Diagnostics"
September 3		" UConn Researcher’s Nanoparticle Key to New Malaria Vaccine."
September 9		"Scientists Invent Inexpensive, Quick And Accurate Malaria Test"
September 10		"UC San Francisco (UCSF) is working to create an online platform that health workers around the world can use to predict where malaria is likely to be transmitted using data on Google Earth Engine."
October 22		"Researchers on the island of Borneo are using flying robots to map out areas affected by a type of malaria parasite (Plasmodium knowlesi), which most commonly infects macaque monkeys." "Drakeley and his colleagues used a small, camera-carrying drone called a senseFly eBee to create maps and digital surface models of the land and vegetation surrounding communities where P. knowlesi has turned up in humans. The drone can fly for up to 50 minutes and carries a 16-megapixel digital camera."	Malaysia
October 27		"a group of scientists from Johns Hopkins University may have found a novel way of curbing both diseases: by “vaccinating” mosquitos against the parasite that causes malaria and the virus that causes dengue. The researchers are using the bacteria Chromobacterium, which prevents the pathogens from effectively invading and colonizing mosquito guts.a group of scientists from Johns Hopkins University may have found a novel way of curbing both diseases: by “vaccinating” mosquitos against the parasite that causes malaria and the virus that causes dengue. The researchers are using the bacteria Chromobacterium, which prevents the pathogens from effectively invading and colonizing mosquito guts."	United States
November 3		"Bill Gates announced Sunday his foundation will give away $500 million this year to combat diseases like malaria on top of the $50 million it already committed to fighting Ebola."
November 6		"A form of malaria found in wild monkeys has begun to infect people so often in parts of Southeast Asia that it has become the leading cause of malaria in Malaysia." "Parasite’s jump from monkeys to people seems aided by deforestation"	Malaysia
December 4		"Blood pressure build-up from white blood cells may cause cerebral malaria death"
December 9		"Researchers at the University of Basel and the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute have now developed so-called nanomimics of host cell membranes that trick the parasites. This could lead to novel treatment and vaccination strategies in the fight against malaria and other infectious diseases."	Switzerland
December 9	Report	The World Health Organisation publishes its annual World Malaria Report, communicating a decrease in worldwide malaria mortality by 47% Between 2000-13. The rate of decrease in Africa –where 90% of malaria occurs– is reported at 54%.
December 11		"Latest research by NTU discovers reasons for malaria's drug resistance."	Singapore
December 19		"Google.org helping fund mobile phone project to combat malaria" "On Friday, Google.org, the search giant's philanthropic arm, announced that it's giving Malaria No More a $600,000 grant to embark on a potentially transformative data mining project in Nigeria. The grant is part of a pot of $15 million that Google.org is doling out to organizations that use technology to solve the world's biggest problems." "Africa, where malaria kills around 400,000 children every year, is set to top 1 billion mobile phone subscriptions by next year. That means that public health researchers will have one billion ways to communicate with—and collect data from—the people who are most at risk of catching malaria, a disease that has traditionally been extremely difficult to track."

See also

• Timeline of malaria in 2015

• Timeline of malaria in 2016

• Timeline of malaria in 2017

• Timeline of malaria