Difference between revisions of "Timeline of Helen Keller International"

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| 1915 || || Helen Keller International is founded.<ref name="HKI"/> "In 1915 the American merchant George Kessler and his wife, Cora Parsons Kessler, organized in Paris the British, French, and Belgian Permanent Relief War Fund. George Kessler had been aboard the Lusitania when it was sunk by a German torpedo. As a survivor, he vowed to help veterans in some way, eventually settling on helping those blinded in the war. He then recruited author and lecturer Helen Keller, who had been deaf and blind since childhood. "<ref name="Helen Keller International"/>
 
| 1915 || || Helen Keller International is founded.<ref name="HKI"/> "In 1915 the American merchant George Kessler and his wife, Cora Parsons Kessler, organized in Paris the British, French, and Belgian Permanent Relief War Fund. George Kessler had been aboard the Lusitania when it was sunk by a German torpedo. As a survivor, he vowed to help veterans in some way, eventually settling on helping those blinded in the war. He then recruited author and lecturer Helen Keller, who had been deaf and blind since childhood. "<ref name="Helen Keller International"/>
 
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| 1919 || || " The Kesslers and Keller worked together, forming an American branch of the Permanent Relief War Fund called the Permanent Blind Relief War Fund for Soldiers and Sailors of the Allies, which was incorporated in New York in 1919, with Keller and Cora Parsons Kessler as trustees."<ref name="Helen Keller International"/>
+
| 1919 || || George Kessler, Cora Parsons Kessler, and {{w|Helen Keller}} form an American branch of the Permanent Relief War Fund called the Permanent Blind Relief War Fund for Soldiers and Sailors of the Allies, which is incorporated in {{w|New York City}}, with Keller and Cora Parsons Kessler as trustees.<ref name="Helen Keller International"/>
 
|-
 
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| 1920 || || "George Kessler dies in 1920 and New York lawyer William Nelson Cromwell, co-founder of Sullivan & Cromwell, an international law firm headquartered in New York, succeeds him. "<ref name="Our History"/>
+
| 1920 || || George Kessler dies and is succeeded by New York lawyer William Nelson Cromwell, co-founder of Sullivan & Cromwell, an international law firm headquartered in {{w|New York City}}.<ref name="Our History"/>
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 1925 || || "In the 1920s the organization began serving blind civilians, as well as military personnel, and also began printing texts in Braille, a writing system for the blind that uses raised dots. This prompted the 1925 name change to the American Braille Press for War and Civilian Blind. "<ref name="Helen Keller International"/> " In 1925, the Permanent Blind Relief War Fund expands its focus beyond a purely war relief effort to one of aid and comfort to the civilian blind worldwide, and changes its name to the American Braille Press for War and Civilian Blind. "<ref name="Our History"/>
 
| 1925 || || "In the 1920s the organization began serving blind civilians, as well as military personnel, and also began printing texts in Braille, a writing system for the blind that uses raised dots. This prompted the 1925 name change to the American Braille Press for War and Civilian Blind. "<ref name="Helen Keller International"/> " In 1925, the Permanent Blind Relief War Fund expands its focus beyond a purely war relief effort to one of aid and comfort to the civilian blind worldwide, and changes its name to the American Braille Press for War and Civilian Blind. "<ref name="Our History"/>
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| 1937 || || "Under this name the organization was one of the leading publishers of Braille texts, and it was responsible for the first “talking book” (1937)."<ref name="Helen Keller International"/> "The Press issues the first “talking book” in 1937 and makes plans to aid soldiers who would inevitably be blinded in World War II."<ref name="Our History"/>
 
| 1937 || || "Under this name the organization was one of the leading publishers of Braille texts, and it was responsible for the first “talking book” (1937)."<ref name="Helen Keller International"/> "The Press issues the first “talking book” in 1937 and makes plans to aid soldiers who would inevitably be blinded in World War II."<ref name="Our History"/>
 
|-
 
|-
| 1939 || || "In late 1939, World War II began in Europe. The Press, which had its origins in World War I, drew on its experience began to prepare for aiding the war blind again."<ref name="Our History"/>
+
| 1939 || || {{w|World War II}} begins in {{w|Europe}}.<ref name="Our History"/>
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 1946 || || "In 1946 the name changed yet again, to the American Foundation for the Overseas Blind, as its mission expanded to include rehabilitation of the blind."<ref name="Helen Keller International"/>
 
| 1946 || || "In 1946 the name changed yet again, to the American Foundation for the Overseas Blind, as its mission expanded to include rehabilitation of the blind."<ref name="Helen Keller International"/>
 
|-
 
|-
| 1946 || || ". In 1946, Helen Keller made the first of many trips under the auspices of the Foundation to investigate the conditions and needs of blind people in all parts of the world. She noted, “I was prepared for the tragedy but not for its extent or complexity...they do not want charity, they want the kind of help that will give their lives a goal, their frustrated selves a purpose around which to integrate their personalities and regain their inner health.”"<ref name="Our History"/>
+
| 1946 || || {{w|Helen Keller}} makes the first of many trips under the auspices of the Foundation to investigate the conditions and needs of blind people in all parts of the world.<ref name="Our History"/>
 
|-
 
|-
| 1949 || || "In 1949, spearheaded by AFOB, an International Conference of Workers for the Blind, attended by representatives of the United Nations and UNESCO is held; landmark resolutions are passed that stress the need to give blind people the physical, psychological and technical means to take their place in society, with a particular emphasis on education."<ref name="Our History"/>
+
| 1949 || || Spearheaded by the {{w|American Foundation for the Overseas Blind}}, an International Conference of Workers for the Blind, attended by representatives of the {{w|United Nations}} and {{w|UNESCO}} is held. Resolutions are passed, stressing the need to give blind people the physical, psychological and technical means to take their place in society, with a particular emphasis on education.<ref name="Our History"/>
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 1959 || || "In May 1959, the Foundation initiated the Helen Keller Crusade for the Blind, named to honor the leadership and inspiration she had given for so many years. The purpose of the Crusade was to expand public awareness of and support of the Foundation’s programs. "<ref name="Our History"/>
 
| 1959 || || "In May 1959, the Foundation initiated the Helen Keller Crusade for the Blind, named to honor the leadership and inspiration she had given for so many years. The purpose of the Crusade was to expand public awareness of and support of the Foundation’s programs. "<ref name="Our History"/>

Revision as of 12:58, 14 October 2019

This is a timeline of Helen Keller International, one of the oldest international nonprofit organizations devoted to preventing blindness and reducing malnutrition worldwide."[1]


Big picture

Time period Development summary
1920s "In the 1920s the organization began serving blind civilians, as well as military personnel, and also began printing texts in Braille, a writing system for the blind that uses raised dots."[2] "In the late 1960s the focus again broadened, this time toward blindness prevention and treatment, including efforts to reduce malnutrition in children. One successful effort was the distribution of vitamin A to millions of children in developing countries. This campaign drastically reduced the number of cases of childhood blindness. "[2]
Present time "Spanning 22 countries around the world, their entire organization, including their worldwide staff, their Board of Trustees, and their Senior Management Team work tirelessly towards this goal. One of their founding trustees is the great deaf-blind crusader, Helen Keller, and theyw are proud to carry on in her name and memory"[1]

Full timeline

Year Event type Details
1880 Helen Keller biography Helen Keller is born.
1915 Helen Keller International is founded.[1] "In 1915 the American merchant George Kessler and his wife, Cora Parsons Kessler, organized in Paris the British, French, and Belgian Permanent Relief War Fund. George Kessler had been aboard the Lusitania when it was sunk by a German torpedo. As a survivor, he vowed to help veterans in some way, eventually settling on helping those blinded in the war. He then recruited author and lecturer Helen Keller, who had been deaf and blind since childhood. "[2]
1919 George Kessler, Cora Parsons Kessler, and Helen Keller form an American branch of the Permanent Relief War Fund called the Permanent Blind Relief War Fund for Soldiers and Sailors of the Allies, which is incorporated in New York City, with Keller and Cora Parsons Kessler as trustees.[2]
1920 George Kessler dies and is succeeded by New York lawyer William Nelson Cromwell, co-founder of Sullivan & Cromwell, an international law firm headquartered in New York City.[3]
1925 "In the 1920s the organization began serving blind civilians, as well as military personnel, and also began printing texts in Braille, a writing system for the blind that uses raised dots. This prompted the 1925 name change to the American Braille Press for War and Civilian Blind. "[2] " In 1925, the Permanent Blind Relief War Fund expands its focus beyond a purely war relief effort to one of aid and comfort to the civilian blind worldwide, and changes its name to the American Braille Press for War and Civilian Blind. "[3]
1937 "Under this name the organization was one of the leading publishers of Braille texts, and it was responsible for the first “talking book” (1937)."[2] "The Press issues the first “talking book” in 1937 and makes plans to aid soldiers who would inevitably be blinded in World War II."[3]
1939 World War II begins in Europe.[3]
1946 "In 1946 the name changed yet again, to the American Foundation for the Overseas Blind, as its mission expanded to include rehabilitation of the blind."[2]
1946 Helen Keller makes the first of many trips under the auspices of the Foundation to investigate the conditions and needs of blind people in all parts of the world.[3]
1949 Spearheaded by the American Foundation for the Overseas Blind, an International Conference of Workers for the Blind, attended by representatives of the United Nations and UNESCO is held. Resolutions are passed, stressing the need to give blind people the physical, psychological and technical means to take their place in society, with a particular emphasis on education.[3]
1959 "In May 1959, the Foundation initiated the Helen Keller Crusade for the Blind, named to honor the leadership and inspiration she had given for so many years. The purpose of the Crusade was to expand public awareness of and support of the Foundation’s programs. "[3]
1959 "The Spirit of Helen Keller Award was established in 1959, during Helen Keller’s lifetime. The award commemorates her unique legacy and expresses appreciation for her role as a founder, trustee and staff member of Helen Keller International. First awardee was Colonel Edward A. Baker, one of the chief organizers of the Canadian National Institute for the Blind, as the first recipient. "[3]
1960 Recognition by HKI Edwin Baker, founder of the Canadian National Institute for the Blind, receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1966 "In 1966, at the First African Conference on Work for the Blind, discussions are held about taking steps to prevent blindness while continuing to help those already afflicted. "[3]
1968 Recognition by HKI George L. Raverat, director of the European Office of the American Foundation for Overseas Blind, receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1970 Recognition by HKI British public health advocate John Wilson receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1971 Policy HKI starts moving into the area of prevention, and becomes involved in the prevention and treatment of widespread vitamin A deficiency leading to xerophthalmia and keratomalacia.[5]
1973 Recognition by HKI James S. Adams, president of Research to Prevent Blindness, receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1976 Recognition by HKI John Ferre, United States Director of the National Society for the Prevention of Blindness, receives posthumously the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1976 HKI publishes Xerophthalmia, a paper delivered to HKI's Board of Trustees by the WHO Medical Officer in charge of Nutrition Research.[5]
1977 "The organization adopted the name Helen Keller International in 1977 to honour Keller’s contributions to the organization and to the blind and disadvantaged."[2]
1977 Recognition by HKI UNICEF executive director Henry Richardson Labouisse Jr. receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1978 The World HEalth Organization, in collaboration with HKI, publishes the Field Guide to the Detection and Treatment of Xerophthalmia.[5]
1978 Eric T. Boulter, Director-General of the UK Royal National Institute for the Blind receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1979 The International Association of Lions Clubs receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1980 "Helen Keller Day is a commemorative holiday to celebrate the birth of Helen Keller, observed on June 27 annually. The holiday observance was created by presidential proclamation in 1980"
1980 The United States Agency for International Development receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1980 HKI initiates efforts aimed at integrating primary eye care into primary health care.[5]
1980 HKI supports six country programs with a budget of around US$1 million.[6]
1982 HKI and WHO collaboratively publish the Technical Report Series No. 72, Control of Vitamin A Deficiency and Xerophthalmia.[5]
1983 Recognition by HKI Japanese businessman Ryoichi Sasakawa receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1987 Recognition by HKI Indian ophthalmologist Template:Govindappa Venkataswamy receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1988 Recognition by HKI Dr. Christy (famous along with his wife, Dorothy, for their dedicated service to the cataract poor of Taxila, Pakistan receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1988 HKI conducts a pilot Home Gardening project among 1,000 households in Bangladesh. Later in the early 1990s, based on the results and experience gained from this pilot project, HKI would start the NGO Gardening and Nutrition Education Surveillance Project (NGNESP).[7]
1988 HKI, in collaboration with World Food Programme and Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, compiles and publishes the first English version of a Food Composition Table (FCT) for Bangladesh named Tables of Nutrient Composition of Bangladeshi Foods, which includes old and new data from Bangladesh and some borrowed data from the Indian Food Composition Tables.[8]
1989 Recognition by HKI Merck & Co. and Dr. Susan T. Pettiss (Director of Vitamin A Program of Helen Keller International) receive the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1990 "Nutrition Surveillance Project (NSP). This programme was started by HKI in 1990 to monitor the health impact of severe flooding in Bangladesh. It is a collaborative effort which involves the Government of Bangladesh (GOB), international and local Non-Governmental Organisations (NGO)."[9]
1991 Dr. Francisco Contreras (Director General of the Instituto Nacional de Oftalmología, Perú), Dr. Newton Kara Jose (Director of University of Campinas, Brazil), Hoffmann-La Roche Task Force, and the humanitarian nutrition think tank Sight and Life receive the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1993 "Homstead Food Productionstarted in 1990 as a pilot project in Bangladesh with 1000 households participating. It includes nutrition education to complement home gardening. Following initial success, HKI launched the NGO Gardening and Nutrition Education Surveillance Project (NGNESP) which expanded the programme to communities across the country in 1993."[10]
1994 Indonesian President Suharto, American diplomat J. Brian Atwood (Administrator of USAID), United States Congressman Tony P. Hall, and Donald H. Hubbs, (Chairman of The Conrad N. Hilton Foundation) receive the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1998 Jansen Noyes III receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
1999 Japanese writer Ayako Sono and South African activist Desmond Tutu receive the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4].
2000 King Mohammed VI of Morocco, Gale Bensussen (president of Leiner Health Products), and John S. Crowley (Chairman Emeritus of Helen Keller Worldwide) receive the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
2001 "Our offices in New York City are destroyed during 9/11 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center; no employees were injured, although Helen Keller’s archives are lost. "[3]
2002 "A 2002 research shows that in a 3 months period, households participating in the HFP consumed had a daily per capita consumption of vegetables of 160g, more than double of the 71g for non-participating households.[11]"
2004 ". After the 2004 tsunami, we distribute multi-micronutrient Sprinkles® as part of the large-scale relief efforts. "[3]
2005 "The Helen Keller Visionary Award was established in 2005 to recognize institutional friends whose generosity and innovations advance our mission. The first recipient in 2006 was H.J. Heinz Company and William R. Johnson, Chairman, President & CEO. "[3]
2005 The Helen Keller Legacy Award is established to recognize the significant on-going support of an institution for the work of Helen Keller International. In the same year, the Helen Keller Visionary Award is established "to recognize institutional friends whose generosity and innovations" advance HKI's mission.[4]
2006 "The Helen Keller Visionary Award was established in 2005 to recognize institutional friends whose generosity and innovations advance our mission. The first recipient in 2006 was H.J. Heinz Company and William R. Johnson, Chairman, President & CEO. "[3]
2006 International law firm Sullivan & Cromwell receives the Helen Keller Legacy Award.[4]
2006 American ophthalmologist Alfred Sommer from Johns Hopkins University receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
2006 The H. J. Heinz Company and William R. Johnson, chairman, president and CEO of the former, receive the Helen Keller Visionary Award.[4]
2007 "The Helen Keller Humanitarian Award was established in 2007 to recognize the significant support of individuals or institutions for their sustained humanitarian efforts around the world. The first recipient in 2008 was Merck & Co., Inc. and Richard T. Clark, Chairman, President & CEO. "[3]
2007 Daniel G. Sisler, Ph.D, Retiring Chair of HKI Board of Trustees, receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
2007 American global pharmaceutical company Allergan, Inc. and David E.I. Pyott, CBE, chairman of the board, and CEO of the former receive the Helen Keller Legacy Award.[4]
2008 Gordon and Llura Gund, co-founders of the Foundation Fighting Blindness, receive the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
2008 "The Helen Keller Humanitarian Award was established in 2007 to recognize the significant support of individuals or institutions for their sustained humanitarian efforts around the world. The first recipient in 2008 was Merck & Co., Inc. and Richard T. Clark, Chairman, President & CEO. "[3]
2008 Merck & Co. and Richard T. Clark, chairman, president and CEO of the former, receive the Helen Keller Humanitarian Award.[4]
2009 "Helen Keller International receives the 2009 Champalimaud Award for its blindness prevention work in developing countries. "[3]
2009 "Also in 2009, Consumer's Digest listed Helen Keller International as one of America’s Top Charities. We were awarded this distinction because of our spending efficiency (the amount a charity spends on its mission compared with total expenses) as well as our cost-effective fundraising."[3]
2009 American social entrepreneur David Green receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
2009 Johnson & Johnson and Brian D. Perkins, Corporate Vice President of Corporate Affairs, receives the Helen Keller Humanitarian Award.[4]
2009 Recognition by HKI Christie’s Inc. and Christopher Burge, chairman of the former, receive the Helen Keller Legacy Award.[4]
2010 Recognition by HKI Perkins School for the Blind in Watertown, Massachusetts receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
2010 The Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN) receives the Helen Keller Visionary Award.[4]
2011 "In 2011, Helen Keller International is included in Pulitzer prize-winning New York Times columnist, Nicholas Kristof’s "Gifts That Say You Care" holiday giving column. “Helen Keller International...gets more bang for the buck than almost any group I can think of.”"[3]
2011 "In 2011, Helen Keller International is included in Pulitzer prize-winning New York Times columnist, Nicholas Kristof’s "Gifts That Say You Care" holiday giving column. “Helen Keller International...gets more bang for the buck than almost any group I can think of.”"[3]
2011 Recognition by HKI Reader’s Digest, Partners for Sight Foundation receives the Helen Keller Legacy Award.[4]
2011 French retailer L'Occitane en Provence receives the Helen Keller Visionary Award.[4]
2012 Recognition by HKI American epidemiologist William Foege receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
2013 Recognition by HKI United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton receives the Helen Keller Humanitarian Award.[4]
2013 Recognition by HKI HKI Board member Kate Ganz receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
2013 Barry Palmer, vice president of Lions Club International, receives the Helen Keller Visionary Award.[4]
2014 Recognition by HKI Irish economist and humanitarian Tom Arnold receives the Helen Keller Humanitarian Award.[4]
2014 " In 2014, Helen Keller International becomes the tenth recipient of the Henry R. Kravis Prize in Leadership in recognition of our worldwide fight against blindness and malnutrition. The Award is accepted by Kathy Spahn, President & CEO."[3]
2014 "Also in 2014, Nicholas Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn feature the work of Helen Keller International in their latest book A Path Appears: Transforming Lives, Creating Opportunities. "[3]
2014 Recognition to HKI "Helen Keller International has received the 2014 BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award"
2015 Recognition by HKI The Bill and Melinda Gates, Co-Chairs, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
2015 Recognition by HKI Dr. David Nabarro, United Nations Secretary-General’s Special Envoy on Ebola, receives the Helen Keller Humanitarian Award.[4]
2016 Recognition by HKI Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations receives the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
2016 Recognition by HKI Desmond Fitzgerald, founder of Hope for Poor Children Foundation, receives the Helen Keller Humanitarian Award.[4]
2017 Recognition by HKI Jim Alling, CEO of global giving company TOMS, receives the Helen Keller Humanitarian Award.[4]
2018 Recognition by HKI Yetnebersh Nigussie, Disability rights activist and inclusion advisor at Light for the World receive the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]
2018 Recognition by HKI Bradford Perkins, founder, chairman and CEO of Perkins Eastman Architects, receives the Helen Keller Humanitarian Award.[4]
2019 Recognition by HKI Dr. Andrew S. Fisher and The Lavelle Fund for the Blind receive the Spirit of Helen Keller Award.[4]

Meta information on the timeline

How the timeline was built

The initial version of the timeline was written by User:Sebastian.

Funding information for this timeline is available.

Feedback and comments

Feedback for the timeline can be provided at the following places:

  • FIXME

What the timeline is still missing

  • Givewell
  • Helen Keller biography

Timeline update strategy

See also

External links

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Helen Keller International (HKI)". devex.com. Retrieved 4 September 2019. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 "Helen Keller International". britannica.com. Retrieved 4 September 2019. 
  3. 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 "Our History". hki.org. Retrieved 4 September 2019. 
  4. 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.26 4.27 4.28 4.29 4.30 4.31 4.32 4.33 4.34 4.35 4.36 4.37 4.38 4.39 4.40 4.41 4.42 4.43 4.44 4.45 "Helen Keller International Award Recipients, 1960–2019". hki.org. Retrieved 4 September 2019. 
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 "APPLICATION FROM AN INTERNATIONAL NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION REQUESTING OFFICIAL RELATIONS WITH WHO 1" (PDF). apps.who.int. Retrieved 5 September 2019. 
  6. "World Blindness and its Prevention". archive.org. Retrieved 5 September 2019. 
  7. "Homestead Food Production – A Strategy to Combat Malnutrition & Poverty" (PDF). international-food-safety.com. Retrieved 5 September 2019. 
  8. "FOOD COMPOSITION TABLE FOR BANGLADESH - AGRICULTURE". vdocuments.mx. Retrieved 5 September 2019. 
  9. "Food Security and Nutrition Surveillance Bulletin Report 2010" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-26. 
  10. "Millions fed: Proven successes in agricultural development" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-02-28. 
  11. "Impact of a homestead gardening program on household food security and empowerment of women in Bangladesh" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-07-08.