Difference between revisions of "Timeline of Médecins Sans Frontières"

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{| class="sortable wikitable"
! Year !! Event type !! Details !! Country
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! Year !! Event type !! Targeted affliction (when applicable) || Details !! Country
 
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| 1971 (December 22) || || {{w|Médecins Sans Frontières}} is founded in {{w|Paris}}<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières History"/> by a group of French doctors and journalists in the wake of {{w|Nigerian Civil War}}, and the [[w:Bangladesh famine of 1974|floods in Bangladesh]].<ref name="Founding"/> || {{w|France}}
+
| 1971 (December 22) || || || {{w|Médecins Sans Frontières}} is founded in {{w|Paris}}<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières History"/> by a group of French doctors and journalists in the wake of {{w|Nigerian Civil War}}, and the [[w:Bangladesh famine of 1974|floods in Bangladesh]].<ref name="Founding"/> || {{w|France}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1972 || Assistance || An [[w:1972 Nicaragua earthquake|earthquake in Nicaragua]] marks the first MSF mission in a natural disaster.<ref name="Founding">{{cite web |title=Founding |url=https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/who-we-are/history/founding |website=doctorswithoutborders.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Nicaragua}}
+
| 1972 || Assistance || || An [[w:1972 Nicaragua earthquake|earthquake in Nicaragua]] marks the first MSF mission in a natural disaster.<ref name="Founding">{{cite web |title=Founding |url=https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/who-we-are/history/founding |website=doctorswithoutborders.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Nicaragua}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1974 || Assistance || MSF conducts a relief mission to assist people in {{w|Honduras}} after the devastating {{w|Hurricane Fifi–Orlene}}.<ref name="Founding"/> || {{w|Honduras}}
+
| 1974 || Assistance || Hurricane || MSF conducts a relief mission to assist people in {{w|Honduras}} after the devastating {{w|Hurricane Fifi–Orlene}}.<ref name="Founding"/> || {{w|Honduras}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1975 || Assistance || MSF establishes its first large-scale medical program during a refugee crisis in {{w|Cambodia}}, providing medical care for the waves of Cambodians seeking sanctuary from the [[w:Democratic Kampuchea|Khmer Rouge]] regime.<ref>{{cite web |title=FOUNDING OF MÉDECINS SANS FRONTIÈRES |url=https://www.msf.org.au/founding-m%C3%A9decins-sans-fronti%C3%A8res |website=msf.org.au |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Cambodia}}
+
| 1975 || Assistance || Crimes against humanity || MSF establishes its first large-scale medical program during a refugee crisis in {{w|Cambodia}}, providing medical care for the waves of Cambodians seeking sanctuary from the [[w:Democratic Kampuchea|Khmer Rouge]] regime.<ref>{{cite web |title=FOUNDING OF MÉDECINS SANS FRONTIÈRES |url=https://www.msf.org.au/founding-m%C3%A9decins-sans-fronti%C3%A8res |website=msf.org.au |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Cambodia}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1976 || Assistance || MSF conducts its first wartime mission in {{w|Lebanon}} and becomes a professional medical emergency organization.<ref>{{cite web |title=Caring for the most vulnerable |url=https://www.msf.org/lebanon-caring-most-vulnerable |website=msf.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Lebanon}}
+
| 1976 || Assistance || War || MSF conducts its first wartime mission in {{w|Lebanon}} and becomes a professional medical emergency organization.<ref>{{cite web |title=Caring for the most vulnerable |url=https://www.msf.org/lebanon-caring-most-vulnerable |website=msf.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Lebanon}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1977 || || MSF organizes its first major advertising campaign, featuring a picture of a child, looking into a camera from behind bars.<ref>{{cite web |title=Medecins sans Frontieres looks back at its first four decades |url=https://www.dw.com/en/medecins-sans-frontieres-looks-back-at-its-first-four-decades/a-15614097-0 |website=dw.com |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> ||
+
| 1977 || || || MSF organizes its first major advertising campaign, featuring a picture of a child, looking into a camera from behind bars.<ref>{{cite web |title=Medecins sans Frontieres looks back at its first four decades |url=https://www.dw.com/en/medecins-sans-frontieres-looks-back-at-its-first-four-decades/a-15614097-0 |website=dw.com |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1977 || || In spite of having promoted a depoliticized image, MSF representative Claude Malhuret first violates the statutory confidentiality commitment by condemning the “revolutionary crimes” of the {{w|Khmer Rouge}} who, he says, are “exterminating entire segments of the population in the name of some revamped communist ideology”.<ref name="II. History">{{cite web |title=II. History |url=https://www.msf-crash.org/index.php/en/publications/agir-tout-prix-negociations-humanitaires-lexperience-de-msf/ii-history |website=msf-crash.org |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Cambodia}}
+
| 1977 || || || In spite of having promoted a depoliticized image, MSF representative Claude Malhuret first violates the statutory confidentiality commitment by condemning the “revolutionary crimes” of the {{w|Khmer Rouge}} who, he says, are “exterminating entire segments of the population in the name of some revamped communist ideology”.<ref name="II. History">{{cite web |title=II. History |url=https://www.msf-crash.org/index.php/en/publications/agir-tout-prix-negociations-humanitaires-lexperience-de-msf/ii-history |website=msf-crash.org |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Cambodia}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1978 || Assistance || MSF launches various refugee programs in {{w|Thailand}}, in {{w|Djibouti}} during the {{w|Ogaden War}} and Eritrean refugees in {{w|Sudan}}.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Thailand}}, {{w|Djibouti}}, {{w|Sudan}}  
+
| 1978 || Assistance || War || MSF launches various refugee programs in {{w|Thailand}}, in {{w|Djibouti}} during the {{w|Ogaden War}} and Eritrean refugees in {{w|Sudan}}.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Thailand}}, {{w|Djibouti}}, {{w|Sudan}}  
 
|-
 
|-
| 1979 || Staff || MSF Co-founder Dr {{w|Bernard Kouchner}} leaves to form a new group, {{w|Médecins du Monde}} (Doctors of the World).<ref name="The MSF timeline">{{cite web |title=The MSF timeline |url=https://www.msf.ie/msf-timeline |website=msf.ie |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> ||
+
| 1979 || Staff || || MSF Co-founder Dr {{w|Bernard Kouchner}} leaves to form a new group, {{w|Médecins du Monde}} (Doctors of the World).<ref name="The MSF timeline">{{cite web |title=The MSF timeline |url=https://www.msf.ie/msf-timeline |website=msf.ie |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1979 || || MSF moves beyond its {{w|modus operandi}} of sending isolated doctors to crisis zones in favour of creating a more structured organization that can provide quality medical services in crises. The initiative is led by Dr Claude Malhuret and Dr Francis Charhon.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> ||
+
| 1979 || || || MSF moves beyond its {{w|modus operandi}} of sending isolated doctors to crisis zones in favour of creating a more structured organization that can provide quality medical services in crises. The initiative is led by Dr Claude Malhuret and Dr Francis Charhon.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1979 || || MSF starts working in {{w|Somalia}}, in times of the {{w|Somali Rebellion}}.<ref name="A timeline of MSF in Somalia">{{cite web |title=A timeline of MSF in Somalia |url=https://www.msf.org/timeline-msf-somalia |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Somalia}}
+
| 1979 || || War || MSF starts working in {{w|Somalia}}, in times of the {{w|Somali Rebellion}}.<ref name="A timeline of MSF in Somalia">{{cite web |title=A timeline of MSF in Somalia |url=https://www.msf.org/timeline-msf-somalia |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Somalia}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1979 || || MSF sets up missions to help civilians in {{w|South Sudan}} affected by starvation and the civil war.<ref name="bionity">{{cite web |title=Médecins Sans Frontières |url=https://www.bionity.com/en/encyclopedia/M%C3%A9decins_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res.html |website=bionity.com |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Sudan}}
+
| 1979 || || War || MSF sets up missions to help civilians in {{w|South Sudan}} affected by starvation and the civil war.<ref name="bionity">{{cite web |title=Médecins Sans Frontières |url=https://www.bionity.com/en/encyclopedia/M%C3%A9decins_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res.html |website=bionity.com |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Sudan}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1980 || Assistance || MSF launches its first nutritional program in the midst of drought and civil war in {{w|Karamoja}}, {{w|Uganda}}.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Uganda}}
+
| 1980 || Assistance || War || MSF launches its first nutritional program in the midst of drought and civil war in {{w|Karamoja}}, {{w|Uganda}}.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Uganda}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1980 || Assistance || MSF medical teams clandestinely cross the Pakistani–Afghan border and travel by mule for several weeks to reach injured civilians living in remote areas during the {{w|Soviet–Afghan War}}.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Afghanistan}}
+
| 1980 || Assistance || War || MSF medical teams clandestinely cross the Pakistani–Afghan border and travel by mule for several weeks to reach injured civilians living in remote areas during the {{w|Soviet–Afghan War}}.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Afghanistan}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1980 || Branch || MSF-Belgium is founded.<ref>{{cite web |title=Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) - Belgium |url=https://www.globalhand.org/en/organisations/21403 |website=globalhand.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Belgium}}
+
| 1980 || Branch || || MSF-Belgium is founded.<ref>{{cite web |title=Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) - Belgium |url=https://www.globalhand.org/en/organisations/21403 |website=globalhand.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Belgium}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1981 || || MSF hospitals in Afghanistan are bombarded.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Afghanistan}}
+
| 1981 || || War || MSF hospitals in Afghanistan are bombarded.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Afghanistan}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1981 || || MSF sets up its first logistics department to coordinate and channel emergency medical relief.<ref name="About MSF">{{cite web |title=About MSF |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/nov/24/christmasappeal2005 |website=theguardian.com |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> ||
+
| 1981 || || || MSF sets up its first logistics department to coordinate and channel emergency medical relief.<ref name="About MSF">{{cite web |title=About MSF |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/nov/24/christmasappeal2005 |website=theguardian.com |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1981 || Branch || MSF-Switzerland is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF Switzerland |url=https://www.msf.ch/sites/default/files/2018-05/20150611_ap_rapports_activites_ocg_2014_EN_1.pdf |website=msf.ch |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Switzerland}}
+
| 1981 || Branch || || MSF-Switzerland is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF Switzerland |url=https://www.msf.ch/sites/default/files/2018-05/20150611_ap_rapports_activites_ocg_2014_EN_1.pdf |website=msf.ch |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Switzerland}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1982 || Assistance || MSF begins working in Rwanda.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rwandan genocide 25 years on: MSF caught in spiral of extreme violence from Rwanda to Zaire |url=https://www.msf.org/rwandan-genocide-25-years |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Rwanda}}
+
| 1982 || Assistance || General || MSF begins working in Rwanda.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rwandan genocide 25 years on: MSF caught in spiral of extreme violence from Rwanda to Zaire |url=https://www.msf.org/rwandan-genocide-25-years |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Rwanda}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1983 || || MSF France registers the brands "MSF International" and "MSF Europe" in Geneva and modifies its own statutes in order to integrate the possible creation of an MSF international structure.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|France}}
+
| 1983 || || || MSF France registers the brands "MSF International" and "MSF Europe" in Geneva and modifies its own statutes in order to integrate the possible creation of an MSF international structure.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|France}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1984 || Assistance || MSF starts programs to treat malnutrition in Ethiopia.<ref>{{cite web |title=Famine in Ethiopia |url=https://doctorswithoutborders.tumblr.com/post/3446035108/1984-famine-in-ethiopia-msf-starts-programs-to |website=doctorswithoutborders.tumblr.com |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Ethiopia}}
+
| 1984 || Assistance || Malnutrition || MSF starts programs to treat malnutrition in {{w|Ethiopia}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Famine in Ethiopia |url=https://doctorswithoutborders.tumblr.com/post/3446035108/1984-famine-in-ethiopia-msf-starts-programs-to |website=doctorswithoutborders.tumblr.com |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Ethiopia}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1984 || || MSF establishes office in the {{w|Netherlands}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) - Holland |url=https://www.globalhand.org/en/organisations/22911 |website=globalhand.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Netherlands}}
+
| 1984 || || || MSF establishes office in the {{w|Netherlands}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) - Holland |url=https://www.globalhand.org/en/organisations/22911 |website=globalhand.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Netherlands}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1984 || || MSF creates the Liberté Sans Frontières (LSF) Foundation, a think-tank on development and human rights issues.<ref name="II. History"/> ||
+
| 1984 || || || MSF creates the Liberté Sans Frontières (LSF) Foundation, a think-tank on development and human rights issues.<ref name="II. History"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1984 || || MSF Belgium establishes AEDES (Association Européenne pour le Développement et la Santé/European Association for Development and Health) in order to support long-term projects that MSF want to hand over, and to offer more stable jobs for certain MSF employees.<ref>{{cite web |title=AEDES |url=http://associativehistory.msf.org/sites/default/files/AEDES_En.pdf |website=http://associativehistory.msf.org |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Belgium}}
+
| 1984 || || || MSF Belgium establishes AEDES (Association Européenne pour le Développement et la Santé/European Association for Development and Health) in order to support long-term projects that MSF want to hand over, and to offer more stable jobs for certain MSF employees.<ref>{{cite web |title=AEDES |url=http://associativehistory.msf.org/sites/default/files/AEDES_En.pdf |website=http://associativehistory.msf.org |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Belgium}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1985 || || MSF Belgium opposes the creation by MSF France’s newly formed Liberté Sans Frontières, thus taking a first step towards independence from MSF France.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014">{{cite web |title=Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014 |url=http://associativehistory.msf.org/sites/default/files/PPP_MSF_historical_VA.pdf |website=associativehistory.msf.org |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Belgium}}
+
| 1985 || || || MSF Belgium opposes the creation by MSF France’s newly formed Liberté Sans Frontières, thus taking a first step towards independence from MSF France.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014">{{cite web |title=Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014 |url=http://associativehistory.msf.org/sites/default/files/PPP_MSF_historical_VA.pdf |website=associativehistory.msf.org |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Belgium}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1985 || Withdrawal || The {{w|Government from Ethiopia}} expells MSF doctors on accusations for speaking out against Government policies.<ref>{{cite web |title=EXPELLED DOCTORS ACCUSE ETHIOPIA |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/12/04/world/expelled-doctors-accuse-ethiopia.html |website=nytimes.com |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Ethiopia}}
+
| 1985 || Withdrawal || || The {{w|Government from Ethiopia}} expells MSF doctors on accusations for speaking out against Government policies.<ref>{{cite web |title=EXPELLED DOCTORS ACCUSE ETHIOPIA |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/12/04/world/expelled-doctors-accuse-ethiopia.html |website=nytimes.com |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Ethiopia}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1985 || Assistance || MSF adds food relief to its eight-year-long mission in {{w|Eritrea}}, which has previously focused on emergency medicine.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Davey |first1=Eleanor |title=7 - Controversy in a humanitarian age |doi=10.1017/CBO9781107706880.008 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/idealism-beyond-borders/controversy-in-a-humanitarian-age/9B895A59A7E3546FB1C5EDC3F1398824}}</ref> || {{w|Eritrea}}
+
| 1985 || Assistance || Starvation || MSF adds food relief to its eight-year-long mission in {{w|Eritrea}}, which has previously focused on emergency medicine.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Davey |first1=Eleanor |title=7 - Controversy in a humanitarian age |doi=10.1017/CBO9781107706880.008 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/idealism-beyond-borders/controversy-in-a-humanitarian-age/9B895A59A7E3546FB1C5EDC3F1398824}}</ref> || {{w|Eritrea}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1985 || Assistance || MSF assists with medical care in {{w|Honduras}} to refugees from {{w|El Salvador}} and {{w|Nicaragua}}.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Honduras}}
+
| 1985 || Assistance || || MSF assists with medical care in {{w|Honduras}} to refugees from {{w|El Salvador}} and {{w|Nicaragua}}.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Honduras}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1986 || Assistance || MSF organizes mobile clinics and starts assisting injured and traumatized people affected by the {{w|Sri Lankan Civil War}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Civil War in Sri Lanka |url=https://doctorswithoutborders.tumblr.com/post/3484745489/1986-civil-war-in-sri-lanka-msf-organizes-mobile |website=doctorswithoutborders.tumblr.com |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Sri Lanka}}
+
| 1986 || Assistance || War || MSF organizes mobile clinics and starts assisting injured and traumatized people affected by the {{w|Sri Lankan Civil War}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Civil War in Sri Lanka |url=https://doctorswithoutborders.tumblr.com/post/3484745489/1986-civil-war-in-sri-lanka-msf-organizes-mobile |website=doctorswithoutborders.tumblr.com |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Sri Lanka}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1986 || Branch || MSF-Spain is established. || {{w|Spain}}
+
| 1986 || Branch || || MSF-Spain is established. || {{w|Spain}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1986 || || MSF France creates MSF Logistique to manage the stocks of equipment and medicines to be sent to missions.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|France}}
+
| 1986 || || || MSF France creates MSF Logistique to manage the stocks of equipment and medicines to be sent to missions.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|France}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1986 || Branch || Three doctors create MSF Luxembourg. The first actions by this association are done jointly with MSF Belgium in Ethiopia, Lebanon, Nicaragua, and then with MSF Spain in Bolivia. Refusing to recognize MSF Luxembourg as operational and independent, because of concerns over its small size and about its close ties to MSF Belgium, MSF France threatens to prosecute MSF Luxembourg to prevent the use of the MSF trademark.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Luxemburg}}, {{w|France}}
+
| 1986 || Branch || || Three doctors create MSF Luxembourg. The first actions by this association are done jointly with MSF Belgium in Ethiopia, Lebanon, Nicaragua, and then with MSF Spain in Bolivia. Refusing to recognize MSF Luxembourg as operational and independent, because of concerns over its small size and about its close ties to MSF Belgium, MSF France threatens to prosecute MSF Luxembourg to prevent the use of the MSF trademark.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Luxemburg}}, {{w|France}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1986 || || MSF France registers as an overseas organization in the {{w|United Kingdom}}.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
+
| 1986 || || || MSF France registers as an overseas organization in the {{w|United Kingdom}}.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1986 || || MSF Belgium creates its own green logo.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Belgium}}
+
| 1986 || || || MSF Belgium creates its own green logo.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Belgium}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1986 || || MSF France’s General Assembly votes to create a structure in charge of training MSF volunteers. This association, called CIREM (Centre d’Intervention pour la Recherche et l’Epidémiologie Médicale/Intervention Centre for Research and Medical Epidemiology), has three objectives: public health training, provision of scientific support to MSF missions, and scientific networking.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|France}}
+
| 1986 || || || MSF France’s General Assembly votes to create a structure in charge of training MSF volunteers. This association, called CIREM (Centre d’Intervention pour la Recherche et l’Epidémiologie Médicale/Intervention Centre for Research and Medical Epidemiology), has three objectives: public health training, provision of scientific support to MSF missions, and scientific networking.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|France}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1987 || || MSF vaccinates 2,5 million Nigerians in the region around {{w|Ibadan}} and in {{w|Anambra State}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF starts malaria programme in the Niger Delta |url=https://www.msf.org/msf-starts-malaria-programme-niger-delta |website=msf.org |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Nigeria}}
+
| 1987 || || Disease || MSF vaccinates 2,5 million Nigerians in the region around {{w|Ibadan}} and in {{w|Anambra State}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF starts malaria programme in the Niger Delta |url=https://www.msf.org/msf-starts-malaria-programme-niger-delta |website=msf.org |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Nigeria}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1987 || Assistance || MSF doctors start working in the {{w|Philippines}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Philippines: Floodwaters recede but medical needs remain |url=https://msf-seasia.org/news/12974 |website=msf-seasia.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Philippines}}
+
| 1987 || Assistance || General || MSF doctors start working in the {{w|Philippines}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Philippines: Floodwaters recede but medical needs remain |url=https://msf-seasia.org/news/12974 |website=msf-seasia.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Philippines}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1987 || || MSF France launches a satellite organization called "Epicentre" to conduct epidemiological studies and assessments in field settings.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Redfield |first1=Peter |title=Life in Crisis: The Ethical Journey of Doctors Without Borders |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=f77CrYZvwP8C&pg=PA116&lpg=PA116&dq=In+1987,+MSF-France+launched+a+%22satellite%22+organization+called+%22Epicentre%22+to+conduct+epidemiological+studies+and+assessments&source=bl&ots=miJXw46KYN&sig=ACfU3U0-GizqyyZ_BU7kS5Fr3d4RhEVaJQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjpi73vyMHjAhXPGLkGHbQQDpMQ6AEwAHoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=In%201987%2C%20MSF-France%20launched%20a%20%22satellite%22%20organization%20called%20%22Epicentre%22%20to%20conduct%20epidemiological%20studies%20and%20assessments&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|France}}
+
| 1987 || || || MSF France launches a satellite organization called "Epicentre" to conduct epidemiological studies and assessments in field settings.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Redfield |first1=Peter |title=Life in Crisis: The Ethical Journey of Doctors Without Borders |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=f77CrYZvwP8C&pg=PA116&lpg=PA116&dq=In+1987,+MSF-France+launched+a+%22satellite%22+organization+called+%22Epicentre%22+to+conduct+epidemiological+studies+and+assessments&source=bl&ots=miJXw46KYN&sig=ACfU3U0-GizqyyZ_BU7kS5Fr3d4RhEVaJQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjpi73vyMHjAhXPGLkGHbQQDpMQ6AEwAHoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=In%201987%2C%20MSF-France%20launched%20a%20%22satellite%22%20organization%20called%20%22Epicentre%22%20to%20conduct%20epidemiological%20studies%20and%20assessments&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|France}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1988 || || MSF is requested to start an intervention to address urgent health needs in the area of the Western Upper Nile.<ref>{{cite web |title=Leishmaniasis Sudan |url=https://watermark.silverchair.com/14-1-70.pdf?token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW_Ercy7Dm3ZL_9Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAAkEwggI9BgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggIuMIICKgIBADCCAiMGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQM139m5aZH7nPoHM7pAgEQgIIB9NOuDUuXTwQCHZYcNZpkO9bRd3xKYClSCdooJ5-BY63TWHSBvcQYBJXU0kKrOl7LyHpzOyVyjZkEfTXec88O3-F_Xjt9J_AY7dLQepjsmO2b7thuoQFOOP5-dQd3U0AAyGJrHIkaDBdbBJw4BUi9X3Eov3L41NHqUcUqA3eTRE5C3TXDYQcYjl03D86pfoUKezdFYOjmAu7e5gEXB2YNwtcD-9j-TNKIovPCI2Nw1oqoAZxOlyoxzEX_gX0pKEP-HROvRSluPjAqHv5hLlZffQTFsT-yrbV7o49KiwhOpRF81QNd4QUo8bSBSVDfpZb5fYzOOveYeNjw5WSqq82J0I2jYAoLnKp658uaJrnsuGr4aVY3nf4UuMrK6fc9jaPAJ_NjW700rSwA9D_0GoO-CZsXfpAY7OscyUlYz9PrHOXmCe4_VH4M1bs36YU-KCDwYXfxBmVITyZZPnTlk1ZG3NaAWep5b1JR1yS9ADmRH8C5R_RJ8XxEQmVJtuW8swK9BNWolfp7mW9R6jRZpzWdg3p0rbTL-miDQ0WSc5yvZXjVY_hzD517Qn_c6LpPg8z-uly8S3xa7VV3BpaoUCXC4HrGNeCvf69XlWeVAW3U9c-NDHZ9erggtBXPZ7Enk8suRnwqlPZ34X7ZdfuAuF6JR0jKQ62E |website=watermark.silverchair.com |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Sudan}}
+
| 1988 || || || MSF is requested to start an intervention to address urgent health needs in the area of the Western Upper Nile.<ref>{{cite web |title=Leishmaniasis Sudan |url=https://watermark.silverchair.com/14-1-70.pdf?token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW_Ercy7Dm3ZL_9Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAAkEwggI9BgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggIuMIICKgIBADCCAiMGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQM139m5aZH7nPoHM7pAgEQgIIB9NOuDUuXTwQCHZYcNZpkO9bRd3xKYClSCdooJ5-BY63TWHSBvcQYBJXU0kKrOl7LyHpzOyVyjZkEfTXec88O3-F_Xjt9J_AY7dLQepjsmO2b7thuoQFOOP5-dQd3U0AAyGJrHIkaDBdbBJw4BUi9X3Eov3L41NHqUcUqA3eTRE5C3TXDYQcYjl03D86pfoUKezdFYOjmAu7e5gEXB2YNwtcD-9j-TNKIovPCI2Nw1oqoAZxOlyoxzEX_gX0pKEP-HROvRSluPjAqHv5hLlZffQTFsT-yrbV7o49KiwhOpRF81QNd4QUo8bSBSVDfpZb5fYzOOveYeNjw5WSqq82J0I2jYAoLnKp658uaJrnsuGr4aVY3nf4UuMrK6fc9jaPAJ_NjW700rSwA9D_0GoO-CZsXfpAY7OscyUlYz9PrHOXmCe4_VH4M1bs36YU-KCDwYXfxBmVITyZZPnTlk1ZG3NaAWep5b1JR1yS9ADmRH8C5R_RJ8XxEQmVJtuW8swK9BNWolfp7mW9R6jRZpzWdg3p0rbTL-miDQ0WSc5yvZXjVY_hzD517Qn_c6LpPg8z-uly8S3xa7VV3BpaoUCXC4HrGNeCvf69XlWeVAW3U9c-NDHZ9erggtBXPZ7Enk8suRnwqlPZ34X7ZdfuAuF6JR0jKQ62E |website=watermark.silverchair.com |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Sudan}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1988 || || MSF Belgium and MSF Holland strive to develop a concrete operational collaboration, and create a common Rapid Response Unit [Unité d’Intervention Rapide/UIR] which is to be coordinated alternately by each section.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Belgium}}, {{w|Netherlands}}
+
| 1988 || || || MSF Belgium and MSF Holland strive to develop a concrete operational collaboration, and create a common Rapid Response Unit [Unité d’Intervention Rapide/UIR] which is to be coordinated alternately by each section.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Belgium}}, {{w|Netherlands}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1988 || || MSF assists victims of the [[w:1988 Armenian earthquake|earthquake of Armenia]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Heroes without borders |url=http://ccbeuproject2015j.blogspot.com/2015/11/in-1971-is-founded-by-doctors-and.html |website=ccbeuproject2015j.blogspot.com |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Armenia}}
+
| 1988 || || Earthquake || MSF assists victims of the [[w:1988 Armenian earthquake|earthquake of Armenia]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Heroes without borders |url=http://ccbeuproject2015j.blogspot.com/2015/11/in-1971-is-founded-by-doctors-and.html |website=ccbeuproject2015j.blogspot.com |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Armenia}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1988 || || MSF employs cholera treatment centers (CTCs) in {{w|Malawi}} to address an epidemic among refugees escaping from the {{w|Mozambican Civil War}}.<ref name="Timeline: Innovation in action"/> || {{w|Malawi}}
+
| 1988 || || Cholera || MSF employs cholera treatment centers (CTCs) in {{w|Malawi}} to address an epidemic among refugees escaping from the {{w|Mozambican Civil War}}.<ref name="Timeline: Innovation in action"/> || {{w|Malawi}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1989 || || MSF withdraws from Sudan after an MSF plane is shot down by a missile, killing 4 people, two of them MSF volunteers.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Sudan}}
+
| 1989 || Withdrawal || War || MSF withdraws from Sudan after an MSF plane is shot down by a missile, killing 4 people, two of them MSF volunteers.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Sudan}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1989 || || MSF Belgium creates Transfer, a logistics center cooperative association, which remains under MSF control via the members of the General Assembly and board, who are all MSF Belgium members.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Belgium}}
+
| 1989 || || || MSF Belgium creates Transfer, a logistics center cooperative association, which remains under MSF control via the members of the General Assembly and board, who are all MSF Belgium members.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Belgium}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1990 || || "An MSF logistician is murdered in Afghanistan. Activities suspended."<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> ||
+
| 1990 || || || "An MSF logistician is murdered in Afghanistan. Activities suspended."<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1990 || || MSF begins working in {{w|Liberia}} in response to the [[w:First Liberian Civil WarFirst Liberian Civil War|civil war]].<ref>{{cite web |last1= |first1= |title=Liberia |url=https://www.msf-me.org/country/liberia |website=msf-me.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Liberia}}
+
| 1990 || Assistance || War || MSF begins working in {{w|Liberia}} in response to the [[w:First Liberian Civil WarFirst Liberian Civil War|civil war]].<ref>{{cite web |last1= |first1= |title=Liberia |url=https://www.msf-me.org/country/liberia |website=msf-me.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Liberia}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1990 || Branch || MSF-Greece is established.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fox |first1=Renée C. |title=Doctors Without Borders: Humanitarian Quests, Impossible Dreams of Médecins Sans Frontières |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=0C4_AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA83&lpg=PA83&dq=1990+Branch+MSF-Greece+is+established.&source=bl&ots=lUxy37lT17&sig=ACfU3U11tgnQ-n4NUjgEBgJI9_T6k26J8Q&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQwo2WvbrjAhU8IbkGHWLkDR0Q6AEwCXoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=1990%20Branch%20MSF-Greece%20is%20established.&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Greece}}
+
| 1990 || Branch || || MSF-Greece is established.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fox |first1=Renée C. |title=Doctors Without Borders: Humanitarian Quests, Impossible Dreams of Médecins Sans Frontières |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=0C4_AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA83&lpg=PA83&dq=1990+Branch+MSF-Greece+is+established.&source=bl&ots=lUxy37lT17&sig=ACfU3U11tgnQ-n4NUjgEBgJI9_T6k26J8Q&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjQwo2WvbrjAhU8IbkGHWLkDR0Q6AEwCXoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=1990%20Branch%20MSF-Greece%20is%20established.&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Greece}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1990 || Branch || MSF establish office in the {{w|United States}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Doctors Without Borders |url=https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/what-we-do/news-stories/story/new-executive-director-doctors-without-borders-usa |website=doctorswithoutborders.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
+
| 1990 || Branch || || MSF establishes office in the {{w|United States}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Doctors Without Borders |url=https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/what-we-do/news-stories/story/new-executive-director-doctors-without-borders-usa |website=doctorswithoutborders.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1990 || Assistance || MSF begins its first psychosocial program in {{w|Gaza}}, which focuses on developing people’s self-help skills and on addressing both the social and psychological effects of violence.<ref>{{cite web |title=Psychosocial support within a global movement |url=https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-23/edition-4/psychosocial-support-within-global-movement |website=thepsychologist.bps.org.uk |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Palestine}}
+
| 1990 || Assistance || War || MSF begins its first psychosocial program in {{w|Gaza}}, which focuses on developing people’s self-help skills and on addressing both the social and psychological effects of violence.<ref>{{cite web |title=Psychosocial support within a global movement |url=https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-23/edition-4/psychosocial-support-within-global-movement |website=thepsychologist.bps.org.uk |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Palestine}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1991 || || "The MSF relief convoy evacuating the wounded from Vukovar hospital comes under attack. Three of our workers are wounded."<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> ||  
+
| 1991 || || || "The MSF relief convoy evacuating the wounded from Vukovar hospital comes under attack. Three of our workers are wounded."<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> ||  
 
|-
 
|-
| 1991 || Assistance || MSF initiates an {{w|HIV/AIDS}} prevention program in {{w|Uganda}}.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schopper |first1=D |last2=Doussantousse |first2=S |last3=Idro |first3=WJ |last4=Homsy |first4=J. |title=Country watch. Uganda. |pmid=12318838 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12318838 |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Uganda}}
+
| 1991 || Assistance || HIV/AIDS || MSF initiates an {{w|HIV/AIDS}} prevention program in {{w|Uganda}}.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schopper |first1=D |last2=Doussantousse |first2=S |last3=Idro |first3=WJ |last4=Homsy |first4=J. |title=Country watch. Uganda. |pmid=12318838 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12318838 |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Uganda}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1991 || Branch || MSF establish office in {{w|Canada}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=DOCTORS WITHOUT BORDERS |url=https://www.charityintelligence.ca/charity-details/81-doctors-without-borders |website=charityintelligence.ca |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Canada}}
+
| 1991 || Branch || || MSF establishes office in {{w|Canada}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=DOCTORS WITHOUT BORDERS |url=https://www.charityintelligence.ca/charity-details/81-doctors-without-borders |website=charityintelligence.ca |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Canada}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1991 || Assistance || MSF starts operations in Brazil. All projects would be closed in 2011.<ref>{{cite web |title=Brazil |url=https://www.msf.org/brazil |website=msf.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Brazil}}
+
| 1991 || Assistance || General || MSF starts operations in Brazil. All projects would be closed in 2011.<ref>{{cite web |title=Brazil |url=https://www.msf.org/brazil |website=msf.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Brazil}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1992 || Branch || MSF establish office in {{w|Japan}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) Japon founded |url=https://www.msf.or.jp/25th/en/ |website=msf.or.jp |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Japan}}
+
| 1992 || Branch || || MSF establishes office in {{w|Japan}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) Japon founded |url=https://www.msf.or.jp/25th/en/ |website=msf.or.jp |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Japan}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1992 || Branch || MSF Sweden is established.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Sweden}}
+
| 1992 || Branch || || MSF Sweden is established.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Sweden}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1992 || || MSF states that, “the main problem today is that of access to victims; the authorities or factions oppose humanitarian action, an inconvenient witness to their atrocities, and insecurity makes intervention increasingly dangerous”.<ref name="II. History"/> ||
+
| 1992 || || War/crime || MSF states that, “the main problem today is that of access to victims; the authorities or factions oppose humanitarian action, an inconvenient witness to their atrocities, and insecurity makes intervention increasingly dangerous”.<ref name="II. History"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1992 || || The MSF International Office organizes the ‘Populations in Danger’ Days and the production of the ‘MSF Report on the Populations in Danger.’<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> ||
+
| 1992 || || || The MSF International Office organizes the ‘Populations in Danger’ Days and the production of the ‘MSF Report on the Populations in Danger.’<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1992 || || "In 1992, the lawyer Françoise Bouchet-Saulnier was tasked by the International Office to address the trademark issue, starting with a review of all the registered MSF trademarks. Eventually, the six first sections (MSF France, MSF Belgium, MSF Switzerland, MSF Holland, MSF Luxembourg, MSF Spain) were allowed to keep their trademark in their home countries, providing they would release their trademarks in other countries to the international office."<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> ||
+
| 1992 || || || "In 1992, the lawyer Françoise Bouchet-Saulnier was tasked by the International Office to address the trademark issue, starting with a review of all the registered MSF trademarks. Eventually, the six first sections (MSF France, MSF Belgium, MSF Switzerland, MSF Holland, MSF Luxembourg, MSF Spain) were allowed to keep their trademark in their home countries, providing they would release their trademarks in other countries to the international office."<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1993 || Assistance || MSF starts operations in {{w|Burundi}} during the [[w:Burundian Civil War|civil war]] in the country.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF treats 60 people wounded in grenade explosions |url=https://www.msf.org/burundi-msf-treats-60-people-wounded-grenade-explosions |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Burundi}}
+
| 1993 || Assistance || War || MSF starts operations in {{w|Burundi}} during the [[w:Burundian Civil War|civil war]] in the country.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF treats 60 people wounded in grenade explosions |url=https://www.msf.org/burundi-msf-treats-60-people-wounded-grenade-explosions |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Burundi}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1993 || Branch || MSF establishes office in the {{w|United Kingdom}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Médecins Sans Frontières |url=https://www.msf.org.uk/contact-us |website=msf.org.uk |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
+
| 1993 || Branch || || MSF establishes office in the {{w|United Kingdom}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Médecins Sans Frontières |url=https://www.msf.org.uk/contact-us |website=msf.org.uk |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
 
|-  
 
|-  
| 1993 || Branch || MSF-Italy is established.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Italy}}
+
| 1993 || Branch || || MSF-Italy is established.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Italy}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1993 || || MSF Denmark is established.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Denmark}}
+
| 1993 || || || MSF Denmark is established.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Denmark}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1994 || || MSF issues a new {{w|tuberculosis}} guideline that refers explicitly to {{w|WHO}}'s declaration on the eradication of TB as a public health priority.<ref>{{cite web |title=Questioning health and human rights |url=https://www.msf.org/questioning-health-and-human-rights |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> ||
+
| 1994 || || Tuberculosis || MSF issues a new {{w|tuberculosis}} guideline that refers explicitly to {{w|WHO}}'s declaration on the eradication of TB as a public health priority.<ref>{{cite web |title=Questioning health and human rights |url=https://www.msf.org/questioning-health-and-human-rights |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1994 || Branch || MSF-Australia is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=MÉDECINS SANS FRONTIÈRES AUSTRALIA |url=https://www.msf.org.au/m%C3%A9decins-sans-fronti%C3%A8res-australia |website=msf.org.au |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Australia}}
+
| 1994 || Branch || || MSF-Australia is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=MÉDECINS SANS FRONTIÈRES AUSTRALIA |url=https://www.msf.org.au/m%C3%A9decins-sans-fronti%C3%A8res-australia |website=msf.org.au |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Australia}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1994 || Branch || MSF Germany, MSF Hong Kong, MSF Australia, and MSF Austria are established.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF-Hong Kong |url=https://msf-seasia.org/5424 |website=msf-seasia.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref><ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Germany}}, {{w|Hong Kong}}, {{w|Australia}}, {{w|Austria}}
+
| 1994 || Branch || || MSF Germany, MSF Hong Kong, MSF Australia, and MSF Austria are established.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF-Hong Kong |url=https://msf-seasia.org/5424 |website=msf-seasia.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref><ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Germany}}, {{w|Hong Kong}}, {{w|Australia}}, {{w|Austria}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1995 || || MSF doctors assist civilians during the {{w|First Chechen War}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=War crimes and politics of terror in Chechnya (1994-2004) |url=https://www.msf-crash.org/index.php/en/publications/war-and-humanitarianism/war-crimes-and-politics-terror-chechnya-1994-2004 |website=msf-crash.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref>|| {{w|Russia}}
+
| 1995 || || War || MSF doctors assist civilians during the {{w|First Chechen War}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=War crimes and politics of terror in Chechnya (1994-2004) |url=https://www.msf-crash.org/index.php/en/publications/war-and-humanitarianism/war-crimes-and-politics-terror-chechnya-1994-2004 |website=msf-crash.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref>|| {{w|Russia}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1995 || Branch || MSF France’s Antenna is set up in the {{w|United Arab Emirates}}.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|United Arab Emirates}}
+
| 1995 || Branch || || MSF France’s Antenna is set up in the {{w|United Arab Emirates}}.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|United Arab Emirates}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1995 || || MSF becomes the first European {{w|NGO}} to begin working in North Korea.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Flake |first1=L. Gordon |last2=Snyder |first2=Scott |title=Paved with Good Intentions: The NGO Experience in North Korea |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=K0dfIxTr5MUC&pg=PA47&lpg=PA47&dq=%22in+1995+medecins+sans+frontieres%22&source=bl&ots=2iH3CJQ0nL&sig=ACfU3U2ZO6doGEkf0aBZ22WwhFJzy0-KYg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi4g-Ot_7fjAhVXH7kGHQrgDVEQ6AEwBHoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22in%201995%20medecins%20sans%20frontieres%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|North Korea}}
+
| 1995 || || || MSF becomes the first European {{w|NGO}} to begin working in North Korea.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Flake |first1=L. Gordon |last2=Snyder |first2=Scott |title=Paved with Good Intentions: The NGO Experience in North Korea |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=K0dfIxTr5MUC&pg=PA47&lpg=PA47&dq=%22in+1995+medecins+sans+frontieres%22&source=bl&ots=2iH3CJQ0nL&sig=ACfU3U2ZO6doGEkf0aBZ22WwhFJzy0-KYg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi4g-Ot_7fjAhVXH7kGHQrgDVEQ6AEwBHoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22in%201995%20medecins%20sans%20frontieres%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|North Korea}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1996 || Recognition || MSF receive the {{w|Seoul Peace Prize}}.<ref name="bionity"/> || {{w|South Korea}}
+
| 1996 || Recognition || || MSF receive the {{w|Seoul Peace Prize}}.<ref name="bionity"/> || {{w|South Korea}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1996 || Branch || MSF Norway is established.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Norway}}
+
| 1996 || Branch || || MSF Norway is established.<ref name="Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014"/> || {{w|Norway}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1996 || Assistance || MSF launches a massive vaccination and treatment program during a severe epidemic of {{w|meningococcal meningitis}} in {{w|Nigeria}}. About 4.5 million people are assisted.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mohammed |first1=I |last2=Nasidi |first2=A |last3=Alkali |first3=AS |last4=Garbati |first4=MA |last5=Ajayi-Obe |first5=EK |last6=Audu |first6=KA |last7=Usman |first7=A |last8=Abdullahi |first8=S. |title=A severe epidemic of meningococcal meningitis in Nigeria, 1996. |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10974995 |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Nigeria}}
+
| 1996 || Assistance || Meningococcal meningitis || MSF launches a massive vaccination and treatment program during a severe epidemic of {{w|meningococcal meningitis}} in {{w|Nigeria}}. About 4.5 million people are assisted.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mohammed |first1=I |last2=Nasidi |first2=A |last3=Alkali |first3=AS |last4=Garbati |first4=MA |last5=Ajayi-Obe |first5=EK |last6=Audu |first6=KA |last7=Usman |first7=A |last8=Abdullahi |first8=S. |title=A severe epidemic of meningococcal meningitis in Nigeria, 1996. |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10974995 |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Nigeria}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1996 (November) || || MSF calls for armed international intervention in {{w|Rwanda}}, “to protect the refugees and guarantee access to aid”.<ref name="II. History"/> || {{w|Rwanda}}
+
| 1996 (November) || || War || MSF calls for armed international intervention in {{w|Rwanda}}, “to protect the refugees and guarantee access to aid”.<ref name="II. History"/> || {{w|Rwanda}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1997 || Assistance || MSF assists Rwandan refugees forced out of camps in {{w|Zaire}} as they return home, but are blocked from assisting those fleeing further into Zaire, who fall victim to widespread massacres.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Rwanda}}
+
| 1997 || Assistance || War/Genocide || MSF assists Rwandan refugees forced out of camps in {{w|Zaire}} as they return home, but are blocked from assisting those fleeing further into Zaire, who fall victim to widespread massacres.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Rwanda}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1997 || Literature || MSF publishes the book ''Refugee Health'', which establishes ten top priorities for managing refugee emergencies.<ref>{{cite book |title=Oxford Handbook of Humanitarian Medicine |edition=Amy Kravitz |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=ShGIDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=%22in+1997+medecins+sans+frontieres%22&source=bl&ots=LjSFZQzOhQ&sig=ACfU3U3Heay1xdKhWpkMe58_XE4rIQz5pw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjaw_Tw_7fjAhVFH7kGHQOzDY4Q6AEwBHoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22in%201997%20medecins%20sans%20frontieres%22&f=false}}</ref> ||
+
| 1997 || Literature || || MSF publishes the book ''Refugee Health'', which establishes ten top priorities for managing refugee emergencies.<ref>{{cite book |title=Oxford Handbook of Humanitarian Medicine |edition=Amy Kravitz |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=ShGIDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=%22in+1997+medecins+sans+frontieres%22&source=bl&ots=LjSFZQzOhQ&sig=ACfU3U3Heay1xdKhWpkMe58_XE4rIQz5pw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjaw_Tw_7fjAhVFH7kGHQOzDY4Q6AEwBHoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22in%201997%20medecins%20sans%20frontieres%22&f=false}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1998 || Policy || MSF formally recognizes the importance of providing mental healthcare and psychosocial care as part of its emergency work.<ref>{{cite web |title=Beyond a healthy body: MSF's mental health support |url=https://www.msf-me.org/article/beyond-healthy-body-msfs-mental-health-support |website=msf-me.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The psychological impact of a humanitarian emergency can be severe. |url=https://www.msf.org.uk/issues/mental-health |website=msf.org.uk |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> ||
+
| 1998 || Policy || || MSF formally recognizes the importance of providing mental healthcare and psychosocial care as part of its emergency work.<ref>{{cite web |title=Beyond a healthy body: MSF's mental health support |url=https://www.msf-me.org/article/beyond-healthy-body-msfs-mental-health-support |website=msf-me.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The psychological impact of a humanitarian emergency can be severe. |url=https://www.msf.org.uk/issues/mental-health |website=msf.org.uk |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1998 || Endorsement || MSF decides to support the creation of the {{w|International Criminal Court}}. However, 10 years later it would state that it ‘would not cooperate and would not transmit any information to the ICC', as the organization needs to keep its distance from the ICC, as from any other political body.<ref>{{cite web |title=Grounds for divorce ? MSF and the international criminal court |url=https://www.msf-crash.org/en/conferences-debates/grounds-divorce-msf-and-international-criminal-court |website=msf-crash.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> ||
+
| 1998 || Endorsement || || MSF decides to support the creation of the {{w|International Criminal Court}}. However, 10 years later it would state that it ‘would not cooperate and would not transmit any information to the ICC', as the organization needs to keep its distance from the ICC, as from any other political body.<ref>{{cite web |title=Grounds for divorce ? MSF and the international criminal court |url=https://www.msf-crash.org/en/conferences-debates/grounds-divorce-msf-and-international-criminal-court |website=msf-crash.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1998 (October–November) || Assistance || MSF assists victims of {{w|Hurricane Mitch}} in {{w|Central America}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hurricane Mitch: Two years after MSF post Mitch intervention |url=https://www.msf.org/hurricane-mitch-two-years-after-msf-post-mitch-intervention |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Honduras}}, {{w|Nicaragua}}, {{w|Guatemala}}, {{w|El Salvador}}
+
| 1998 (October–November) || Assistance || Hurricane || MSF assists victims of {{w|Hurricane Mitch}} in {{w|Central America}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hurricane Mitch: Two years after MSF post Mitch intervention |url=https://www.msf.org/hurricane-mitch-two-years-after-msf-post-mitch-intervention |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Honduras}}, {{w|Nicaragua}}, {{w|Guatemala}}, {{w|El Salvador}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1999 || Recognition || MSF is awarded the {{w|Nobel Peace Prize}} "in recognition of the organization's pioneering humanitarian work on several continents".<ref>{{cite web |title=The Nobel Peace Prize speech |url=https://www.msf.org/nobel-peace-prize-speech |website=msf.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Sweden}}
+
| 1999 || Recognition || || MSF is awarded the {{w|Nobel Peace Prize}} "in recognition of the organization's pioneering humanitarian work on several continents".<ref>{{cite web |title=The Nobel Peace Prize speech |url=https://www.msf.org/nobel-peace-prize-speech |website=msf.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Sweden}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1999 || Assistance || MSF India doctors assist victims of the [[w:1999 Odisha cyclone|cyclone in Odisha]].<ref name="Emergency response"/> || {{w|India}}
+
| 1999 || Assistance || Cyclone || MSF India doctors assist victims of the [[w:1999 Odisha cyclone|cyclone in Odisha]].<ref name="Emergency response"/> || {{w|India}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1999 || Assistance || MSF doctors provide humanitarian assistance to refugees in {{w|Macedonia}}, {{w|Albania}} and {{w|Montenegro}} during the {{w|Kosovo War}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF in Albania and Macedonia |url=https://www.msf.org/msf-albaniamacedonia |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Kosovo}}
+
| 1999 || Assistance || War || MSF doctors provide humanitarian assistance to refugees in {{w|Macedonia}}, {{w|Albania}} and {{w|Montenegro}} during the {{w|Kosovo War}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF in Albania and Macedonia |url=https://www.msf.org/msf-albaniamacedonia |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Kosovo}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2000 || Assistance || MSF doctors assist victims during the {{w|Sierra Leone Civil War}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Assessing Trauma in Sierra Leone |url=https://www.msf.org/assessing-trauma-sierra-leone |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Sierra Leone}}
+
| 2000 || Assistance || War || MSF doctors assist victims during the {{w|Sierra Leone Civil War}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Assessing Trauma in Sierra Leone |url=https://www.msf.org/assessing-trauma-sierra-leone |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Sierra Leone}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2000 || Assistance || MSF teams in Thailand break rules to import affordable HIV medicines to treat patients from HIV/AIDS.<ref>{{cite web |title=1999-2019: 20 Years of Advocacy in Action |url=https://20years.msfaccess.org/?fbclid=IwAR31NUF5nkV_vzUOYv5JMiUvspSLYeUEaLwqq4fdUJ0MSCbJAUL7bK7kX0g |website=20years.msfaccess.org |accessdate=17 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Thailand}}
+
| 2000 || Assistance || HIV/AIDS || MSF teams in Thailand break rules to import affordable HIV medicines to treat patients from HIV/AIDS.<ref>{{cite web |title=1999-2019: 20 Years of Advocacy in Action |url=https://20years.msfaccess.org/?fbclid=IwAR31NUF5nkV_vzUOYv5JMiUvspSLYeUEaLwqq4fdUJ0MSCbJAUL7bK7kX0g |website=20years.msfaccess.org |accessdate=17 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Thailand}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2001 || Assistance || MSF start providing antiretroviral therapy to people living with AIDS in several countries.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Thailand}}, {{w|Cambodia}}, {{w|Cameroon}}, {{w|Guatemala}}, {{w|Kenya}}, {{w|Malawi}}, {{w|South Africa}}
+
| 2001 || Assistance || HIV/AIDS || MSF starts providing antiretroviral therapy to people living with AIDS in several countries.<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> || {{w|Thailand}}, {{w|Cambodia}}, {{w|Cameroon}}, {{w|Guatemala}}, {{w|Kenya}}, {{w|Malawi}}, {{w|South Africa}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2001 || Assistance || MSF assists victims of the [[w:2001 Gujarat earthquake|earthquake in Gujarat]].<ref name="Emergency response">{{cite web |title=Emergency response |url=https://www.msfindia.in/emergency-response-0/ |website=msfindia.in |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|India}}
+
| 2001 || Assistance || Earthquake || MSF assists victims of the [[w:2001 Gujarat earthquake|earthquake in Gujarat]].<ref name="Emergency response">{{cite web |title=Emergency response |url=https://www.msfindia.in/emergency-response-0/ |website=msfindia.in |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|India}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2002 || Assistance || MSF France extends its program to assist {{w|North Korean}} refugees who fly from China to other Asian countries in their attempt to reach {{w|South Korea}}, where an office is established in {{w|Seoul}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Binet |first1=Laurence |title=MSF and North Korea 1995-1998 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=lE8uDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA163&lpg=PA163&dq=%22in+2002+msf%22&source=bl&ots=NpR0KXVP-l&sig=ACfU3U2qD9I8ers7tSfCkLxdWWT28P3n6g&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiWh_qN1rrjAhW8K7kGHcvmBUMQ6AEwEnoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22in%202002%20msf%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|North Korea}}, {{w|China}}, {{w|South Korea}}
+
| 2002 || Assistance || Dictatorship/repression || MSF France extends its program to assist {{w|North Korean}} refugees who fly from China to other Asian countries in their attempt to reach {{w|South Korea}}, where an office is established in {{w|Seoul}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Binet |first1=Laurence |title=MSF and North Korea 1995-1998 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=lE8uDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA163&lpg=PA163&dq=%22in+2002+msf%22&source=bl&ots=NpR0KXVP-l&sig=ACfU3U2qD9I8ers7tSfCkLxdWWT28P3n6g&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiWh_qN1rrjAhW8K7kGHcvmBUMQ6AEwEnoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22in%202002%20msf%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|North Korea}}, {{w|China}}, {{w|South Korea}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2003 || || MSF joins several research institutes, including the {{w|Institut Pasteur}}, to create the {{w|Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative}}, a non-profit organization engaged in research and development of new treatments for neglected diseases.<ref>{{cite web |title=Access to medicines |url=https://www.msf.org/access-medicines |website=msf.org |accessdate=17 July 2019}}</ref> ||
+
| 2003 || || Disease || MSF joins several research institutes, including the {{w|Institut Pasteur}}, to create the {{w|Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative}}, a non-profit organization engaged in research and development of new treatments for neglected diseases.<ref>{{cite web |title=Access to medicines |url=https://www.msf.org/access-medicines |website=msf.org |accessdate=17 July 2019}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 2003 || Program || The Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative is founded by MSF and the {{w|Pasteur Institute}}, along with four other public research institutions. DNDi focuses on research and development of new and more efficient treatments for neglected diseases such as {{w|malaria}}, {{w|Chagas}}, {{w|kala azar}} and {{w|sleeping sickness}}.<ref name="MSF welcomes new fixed-dose combination against malaria">{{cite web |title=MSF welcomes new fixed-dose combination against malaria |url=https://www.msf.org/msf-welcomes-new-fixed-dose-combination-against-malaria |website=msf.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> ||
+
| 2003 || Program || Disease || The Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative is founded by MSF and the {{w|Pasteur Institute}}, along with four other public research institutions. DNDi focuses on research and development of new and more efficient treatments for neglected diseases such as {{w|malaria}}, {{w|Chagas}}, {{w|kala azar}} and {{w|sleeping sickness}}.<ref name="MSF welcomes new fixed-dose combination against malaria">{{cite web |title=MSF welcomes new fixed-dose combination against malaria |url=https://www.msf.org/msf-welcomes-new-fixed-dose-combination-against-malaria |website=msf.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 2004 || Assistance || MSF treats patients for {{w|tuberculosis}} in nearly 50 projects in 24 countries.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF and Tuberculosis Care in 2004 |url=https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/what-we-do/news-stories/news/msf-and-tuberculosis-care-2004 |website=doctorswithoutborders.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Angola}}, {{w|Afghanistan}}, {{w|Abkhazia/Georgia}}, {{w|Burma}}, {{w|Burundi}}, {{w|Cambodia}}, {{w|Caucasus/Chechnya}}, {{w|Chad}}, {{w|China}}, {{w|Congo}}, {{w|Congo DR}}, {{w|Ethiopia}}, {{w|Guinea}}, {{w|Ivory Coast}}, {{w|Kenya}}, {{w|Liberia}}, {{w|Malawi}}, {{w|Nepal}}, {{w|Nigeria}}, {{w|Sudan}}, {{w|Somalia}}, {{w|Thailand}}, {{w|Uganda}}, {{w|Uzbekistan}}  
+
| 2004 || Assistance || Tuberculosis || MSF treats patients for {{w|tuberculosis}} in nearly 50 projects in 24 countries.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF and Tuberculosis Care in 2004 |url=https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/what-we-do/news-stories/news/msf-and-tuberculosis-care-2004 |website=doctorswithoutborders.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Angola}}, {{w|Afghanistan}}, {{w|Abkhazia/Georgia}}, {{w|Burma}}, {{w|Burundi}}, {{w|Cambodia}}, {{w|Caucasus/Chechnya}}, {{w|Chad}}, {{w|China}}, {{w|Congo}}, {{w|Congo DR}}, {{w|Ethiopia}}, {{w|Guinea}}, {{w|Ivory Coast}}, {{w|Kenya}}, {{w|Liberia}}, {{w|Malawi}}, {{w|Nepal}}, {{w|Nigeria}}, {{w|Sudan}}, {{w|Somalia}}, {{w|Thailand}}, {{w|Uganda}}, {{w|Uzbekistan}}  
 
|-
 
|-
| 2004 || Assistance || MSF treats 30,000 malnourished children worldwide.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nutritional emergency in Niger |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/niger/nutritional-emergency-niger |website=reliefweb.int |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> ||  
+
| 2004 || Assistance || Malnutrition || MSF treats 30,000 malnourished children worldwide.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nutritional emergency in Niger |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/niger/nutritional-emergency-niger |website=reliefweb.int |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> ||  
 
|-
 
|-
| 2004 || Withdrawal || MSF leaves {{w|Afghanistan}} after five of its aid workers are murdered, ostensibly by the {{w|Taliban}}. By 2009, the organization would return to the country.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Big Dilemma Facing Doctors Without Borders |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/the-big-dilemma-facing-doctors-without-borders-4946758/ |website=smithsonianmag.com |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Afghanistan}}
+
| 2004 || Withdrawal || War || MSF leaves {{w|Afghanistan}} after five of its aid workers are murdered, ostensibly by the {{w|Taliban}}. By 2009, the organization would return to the country.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Big Dilemma Facing Doctors Without Borders |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/the-big-dilemma-facing-doctors-without-borders-4946758/ |website=smithsonianmag.com |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Afghanistan}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2005 || || MSF establishes an independent and specialized Evaluation Unit in {{w|Vienna}}. Since then, similar units would be set up in {{w|Stockholm}} and {{w|Paris}}.<ref name="">{{cite web |title=What is evaluation? |url=https://evaluation.msf.org/our-work/what-evaluation |website=evaluation.msf.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Austria}}
+
| 2005 || || || MSF establishes an independent and specialized Evaluation Unit in {{w|Vienna}}. Since then, similar units would be set up in {{w|Stockholm}} and {{w|Paris}}.<ref name="">{{cite web |title=What is evaluation? |url=https://evaluation.msf.org/our-work/what-evaluation |website=evaluation.msf.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Austria}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2005 || || MSF treats 60,000 children suffering from severe acute malnutrition in {{w|Niger}} by providing ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF), a fortified milk paste rich in vitamins and minerals.<ref name="Timeline: Innovation in action">{{cite web |title=Timeline: Innovation in action |url=https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/what-we-do/news-stories/story/timeline-innovation-action |website=doctorswithoutborders.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Niger}}
+
| 2005 || || Malnutrition || MSF treats 60,000 children suffering from severe acute malnutrition in {{w|Niger}} by providing ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF), a fortified milk paste rich in vitamins and minerals.<ref name="Timeline: Innovation in action">{{cite web |title=Timeline: Innovation in action |url=https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/what-we-do/news-stories/story/timeline-innovation-action |website=doctorswithoutborders.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Niger}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2005 || Infrastructure || During the {{w|2005 Kashmir earthquake}}, MSF uses an inflatable hospital for the first time, comprising nine tents, four operating theaters, an emergency room, an intensive care unit, and 120 beds. Since then such hospitals would become a staple in MSF’s projects, especially in places where medical infrastructure were damaged by conflict or natural disasters.<ref name="Timeline: Innovation in action"/> || {{w|Pakistan}}
+
| 2005 || Infrastructure || Earthquake || During the {{w|2005 Kashmir earthquake}}, MSF uses an inflatable hospital for the first time, comprising nine tents, four operating theaters, an emergency room, an intensive care unit, and 120 beds. Since then such hospitals would become a staple in MSF’s projects, especially in places where medical infrastructure were damaged by conflict or natural disasters.<ref name="Timeline: Innovation in action"/> || {{w|Pakistan}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2006 || Branch || The MSF-Czech Republic office is established in {{w|Prague}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=(MSF) Czech Republic |url=https://www.lekari-bez-hranic.cz/en/msf-czech-republic |website=lekari-bez-hranic.cz |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Czechia}}
+
| 2006 || Branch || || The MSF-Czech Republic office is established in {{w|Prague}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=(MSF) Czech Republic |url=https://www.lekari-bez-hranic.cz/en/msf-czech-republic |website=lekari-bez-hranic.cz |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Czechia}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2006 || Assistance || MSF treats 1.8 million people for {{w|malaria}} in its projects in {{w|Africa}}, {{w|Asia}} and {{w|Latin America}}.<ref name="MSF welcomes new fixed-dose combination against malaria"/> || {{w|Africa}}, {{w|Asia}}, {{w|Latin America}}
+
| 2006 || Assistance || Malaria || MSF treats 1.8 million people for {{w|malaria}} in its projects in {{w|Africa}}, {{w|Asia}} and {{w|Latin America}}.<ref name="MSF welcomes new fixed-dose combination against malaria"/> || {{w|Africa}}, {{w|Asia}}, {{w|Latin America}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2007 || Assistance || MSF teams assist patients during an {{w|Ebola}} outbreak in {{w|Uganda}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebola healthcare workers: a hazardous and isolating job |url=https://www.msf.org/ebola-healthcare-workers-hazardous-and-isolating-job |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Outbreak of Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever in Uganda |url=https://www.hpsc.ie/news/newsarchive/2007newsarchive/title-2626-en.html |website=hpsc.ie |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Uganda}}
+
| 2007 || Assistance || Ebola || MSF teams assist patients during an {{w|Ebola}} outbreak in {{w|Uganda}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ebola healthcare workers: a hazardous and isolating job |url=https://www.msf.org/ebola-healthcare-workers-hazardous-and-isolating-job |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Outbreak of Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever in Uganda |url=https://www.hpsc.ie/news/newsarchive/2007newsarchive/title-2626-en.html |website=hpsc.ie |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Uganda}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2007 || || MSF assists civilians affected by the {{w|Somali Civil War}}. War surgery programs start in several locations.<ref name="A timeline of MSF in Somalia"/> || {{w|Somalia}}
+
| 2007 || || War || MSF assists civilians affected by the {{w|Somali Civil War}}. War surgery programs start in several locations.<ref name="A timeline of MSF in Somalia"/> || {{w|Somalia}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2008 || || "MSF staff already working in the country provide assistance to thousands of people displaced by the cyclone while the government stalls on allowing additional staff to enter the country."<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> ||
+
| 2008 || || || "MSF staff already working in the country provide assistance to thousands of people displaced by the cyclone while the government stalls on allowing additional staff to enter the country."<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 2008 || || MSF doctors assist patients during an [[w:2008 Zimbabwean cholera outbreak|outbreak of cholera]] in {{w|Zimbabwe}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=A collective response to cholera in Harare |url=https://www.msf.org/zimbabwe-collective-response-cholera-harare |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Zimbabwe}}
+
| 2008 || || Cholera || MSF doctors assist patients during an [[w:2008 Zimbabwean cholera outbreak|outbreak of cholera]] in {{w|Zimbabwe}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=A collective response to cholera in Harare |url=https://www.msf.org/zimbabwe-collective-response-cholera-harare |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Zimbabwe}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2009 || Withdrawal || MSF is expelled from {{w|Darfur}}, and its activities in {{w|Niger}} are suspended by the government.<ref name="Sri Lanka. Amid All-out War"/> || {{w|Sudan}}  
+
| 2009 || Withdrawal || || MSF is expelled from {{w|Darfur}}, and its activities in {{w|Niger}} are suspended by the government.<ref name="Sri Lanka. Amid All-out War"/> || {{w|Sudan}}  
 
|-
 
|-
| 2009 || Assistance || MSF opens a surgical hospitals in Gaza and starts offering post-operative and psychological care. The two hospital tents include operating theaters and a 12-bed post-surgery recovery and post-operative care unit.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF expands surgical activity in Gaza City |url=https://www.msf.org/msf-expands-surgical-activity-gaza-city |website=msf.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Palestine}}
+
| 2009 || Assistance || War || MSF opens a surgical hospitals in Gaza and starts offering post-operative and psychological care. The two hospital tents include operating theaters and a 12-bed post-surgery recovery and post-operative care unit.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF expands surgical activity in Gaza City |url=https://www.msf.org/msf-expands-surgical-activity-gaza-city |website=msf.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Palestine}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2009 || Assistance || MSF organizes large-scale immunization campaigns, particularly against meningitis in western Africa, where MSF workers vaccinate almost eight million people in {{w|Nigeria}} and {{w|Niger}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF India |url=https://www.msfindia.in/sites/default/files/2018-05/Financial%20Report%202009_0.pdf |website=msfindia.in |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> ||
+
| 2009 || Assistance || Disease || MSF organizes large-scale immunization campaigns, particularly against meningitis in western Africa, where MSF workers vaccinate almost eight million people in {{w|Nigeria}} and {{w|Niger}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF India |url=https://www.msfindia.in/sites/default/files/2018-05/Financial%20Report%202009_0.pdf |website=msfindia.in |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 2009 || Withdrawal || MSF withdraws from {{w|Sri Lanka}}, after working for seventeen years against a background of civil war between the government and the {{w|Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam}}.<ref name="Sri Lanka. Amid All-out War">{{cite web |title=Sri Lanka. Amid All-out War |url=https://www.msf-crash.org/en/publications/agir-tout-prix-negociations-humanitaires-lexperience-de-msf/i-stories |website=msf-crash.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Sri Lanka}}
+
| 2009 || Withdrawal || War || MSF withdraws from {{w|Sri Lanka}}, after working for seventeen years against a background of civil war between the government and the {{w|Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam}}.<ref name="Sri Lanka. Amid All-out War">{{cite web |title=Sri Lanka. Amid All-out War |url=https://www.msf-crash.org/en/publications/agir-tout-prix-negociations-humanitaires-lexperience-de-msf/i-stories |website=msf-crash.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Sri Lanka}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2009 || Assistance || MSF workers treat 250,000 malnourished children in 34 countries in the year.<ref>{{cite web |title=“Starved for Attention”: MSF Launches Global Campaign on Childhood Malnutrition |url=https://msfaccess.org/starved-attention-msf-launches-global-campaign-childhood-malnutrition |website=msfaccess.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> ||
+
| 2009 || Assistance || Malnutrition || MSF workers treat 250,000 malnourished children in 34 countries in the year.<ref>{{cite web |title=“Starved for Attention”: MSF Launches Global Campaign on Childhood Malnutrition |url=https://msfaccess.org/starved-attention-msf-launches-global-campaign-childhood-malnutrition |website=msfaccess.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 2009–2013 || Infrastructure || MSF first pilots the use of {{w|telemedicine}} and consolidates multiple platforms in different languages in 2013 to create a more secure and accessible system. The platforms allow doctors and nurses in the field to easily consult with both MSF and non-MSF experts and specialists anywhere in the world by posting text and images, including {{w|X-ray}}s.<ref name="Timeline: Innovation in action"/> ||
+
| 2009–2013 || Infrastructure || || MSF first pilots the use of {{w|telemedicine}} and consolidates multiple platforms in different languages in 2013 to create a more secure and accessible system. The platforms allow doctors and nurses in the field to easily consult with both MSF and non-MSF experts and specialists anywhere in the world by posting text and images, including {{w|X-ray}}s.<ref name="Timeline: Innovation in action"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 2010 || Assistance || MSF responds to massive floods in {{w|Pakistan}}, assisting more than 80,000 patients and distributing nearly 2 million liters of clean water, along with almost 65,000 relief kits.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pakistan: Six months after the floods |url=https://www.msf.org/pakistan-six-months-after-floods |website=msf.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Pakistan}}
+
| 2010 || Assistance || || MSF responds to massive floods in {{w|Pakistan}}, assisting more than 80,000 patients and distributing nearly 2 million liters of clean water, along with almost 65,000 relief kits.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pakistan: Six months after the floods |url=https://www.msf.org/pakistan-six-months-after-floods |website=msf.org |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Pakistan}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2010 || || "MSF and the VII photo agency launch the "Starved For Attention" multimedia campaign on global malnutrition. The ongoing exhibition, which has already been staged in the US, Europe, and Africa, highlights the often overlooked global scourge of malnutrition, its lethal impact on children in particular, and some innovative practices employed by MSF and others to combat it."<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> ||
+
| 2010 || || Malnutrition || "MSF and the VII photo agency launch the "Starved For Attention" multimedia campaign on global malnutrition. The ongoing exhibition, which has already been staged in the US, Europe, and Africa, highlights the often overlooked global scourge of malnutrition, its lethal impact on children in particular, and some innovative practices employed by MSF and others to combat it."<ref name="The MSF timeline"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 2010 (January) || Assistance || MSF doctors assist victims of the [[w:2010 Haiti earthquake|Haitian earthquake]].<ref name="MSF Activity Report 2010">{{cite web |title=MSF Activity Report 2010 |url=https://www.msf.org/sites/msf.org/files/msf-activity-report-2010.pdf |website=msf.org |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Haiti}}
+
| 2010 (January) || Assistance || Earthquake || MSF doctors assist victims of the [[w:2010 Haiti earthquake|Haitian earthquake]].<ref name="MSF Activity Report 2010">{{cite web |title=MSF Activity Report 2010 |url=https://www.msf.org/sites/msf.org/files/msf-activity-report-2010.pdf |website=msf.org |accessdate=18 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Haiti}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2010 || Assistance || MSF doctors carry out more than 80,000 medical consultations, treat more than 4,500 children for malnutrition and distribute 1.8 million litres of clean water every day to people affected by flooding during the {{w|2010 Pakistan floods}}.<ref name="MSF Activity Report 2010"/> || {{w|Pakistan}}
+
| 2010 || Assistance || General || MSF doctors carry out more than 80,000 medical consultations, treat more than 4,500 children for malnutrition and distribute 1.8 million litres of clean water every day to people affected by flooding during the {{w|2010 Pakistan floods}}.<ref name="MSF Activity Report 2010"/> || {{w|Pakistan}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2010 || Infrastructure || MSF develops a multilingual telemedicine network to assist its field medical staff by providing direct access to specialist advice.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Delaigue |first1=Sophie |last2=Bonnardot |first2=Laurent |last3=Steichen |first3=Olivier |last4=Martinez Garcia |first4=Daniel |last5=Venugopal |first5=Raghu |last6=Saint-Sauveur |first6=Jean-François |last7=Wootton |first7=Richard |title=Seven years of telemedicine in Médecins Sans Frontières demonstrate that offering direct specialist expertise in the frontline brings clinical and educational value |doi=10.7189/jogh.08.020414 |pmid=30574293 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6292825/}}</ref> ||  
+
| 2010 || Infrastructure || || MSF develops a multilingual telemedicine network to assist its field medical staff by providing direct access to specialist advice.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Delaigue |first1=Sophie |last2=Bonnardot |first2=Laurent |last3=Steichen |first3=Olivier |last4=Martinez Garcia |first4=Daniel |last5=Venugopal |first5=Raghu |last6=Saint-Sauveur |first6=Jean-François |last7=Wootton |first7=Richard |title=Seven years of telemedicine in Médecins Sans Frontières demonstrate that offering direct specialist expertise in the frontline brings clinical and educational value |doi=10.7189/jogh.08.020414 |pmid=30574293 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6292825/}}</ref> ||  
 
|-
 
|-
| 2010 || Withdrawal || MSF suspends activities in {{w|Turkmenistan}} stating they can no longer provide effective assistance in a country where national health authorities hide the true state of public health and disseminate misinformation.<ref name="MSF Activity Report 2010"/> || {{w|Turkmenistan}}
+
| 2010 || Withdrawal || || MSF suspends activities in {{w|Turkmenistan}} stating they can no longer provide effective assistance in a country where national health authorities hide the true state of public health and disseminate misinformation.<ref name="MSF Activity Report 2010"/> || {{w|Turkmenistan}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2011 || Assistance || MSF workers provide medical care to more than 20,088 patients in the emergency room and conduct 955 emergency surgeries in the hospital’s operating theater in {{w|Hangu, Pakistan}}, where risk of armed conflict remains high.<ref>{{cite web |title=In 2011, MSF provided medical care to 20,440 patients in Hangu |url=https://www.msf.org/pakistan-2011-msf-provided-medical-care-20440-patients-hangu |website=msf.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref>  || {{w|Pakistan}}  
+
| 2011 || Assistance || War/crime || MSF workers provide medical care to more than 20,088 patients in the emergency room and conduct 955 emergency surgeries in the hospital’s operating theater in {{w|Hangu, Pakistan}}, where risk of armed conflict remains high.<ref>{{cite web |title=In 2011, MSF provided medical care to 20,440 patients in Hangu |url=https://www.msf.org/pakistan-2011-msf-provided-medical-care-20440-patients-hangu |website=msf.org |accessdate=19 July 2019}}</ref>  || {{w|Pakistan}}  
 
|-
 
|-
| 2013 || Withdrawal || MSF closes all its programs in Somalia after 22 years working in the country. The decision comes after a long series of threats, kidnappings, extremely violent attacks, and murders, with 16 members of MSF staff having been killed since 1991.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF closes operations in Somalia over 'extreme attacks' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-23697275 |website=bbc.com |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Somalia}}
+
| 2013 || Withdrawal || War/crime || MSF closes all its programs in Somalia after 22 years working in the country. The decision comes after a long series of threats, kidnappings, extremely violent attacks, and murders, with 16 members of MSF staff having been killed since 1991.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF closes operations in Somalia over 'extreme attacks' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-23697275 |website=bbc.com |accessdate=15 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Somalia}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2013 || || MSF begins implementation of a shortened treatment course for drug-resistant tuberculosis in {{w|Uzbekistan}}.<ref name="Timeline: Innovation in action"/> || {{w|Uzbekistan}}
+
| 2013 || Assistance || Tuberculosis || MSF begins implementation of a shortened treatment course for drug-resistant tuberculosis in {{w|Uzbekistan}}.<ref name="Timeline: Innovation in action"/> || {{w|Uzbekistan}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2014 (February) || Withdrawal || MSF is ordered by the {{w|Government of Myanmar}} to cease all activities in the country, where MSF doctors assist 30,000 HIV/AIDS patients and more than 3,000 TB patients.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF concerned about the fate of thousands of patients after being ordered to cease activities |url=https://www.msf.org/myanmar-msf-concerned-about-fate-thousands-patients-after-being-ordered-cease-activities |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> By December 2014 MSF would restart primary health clinics in the country.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF restarts basic medical activities in parts of Myanmar’s Rakhine State after nine-month absence |url=https://www.msf.org/myanmar-msf-restarts-basic-medical-activities-parts-myanmar%E2%80%99s-rakhine-state-after-nine-month |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Myanmar}}
+
| 2014 (February) || Withdrawal || || MSF is ordered by the {{w|Government of Myanmar}} to cease all activities in the country, where MSF doctors assist 30,000 HIV/AIDS patients and more than 3,000 TB patients.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF concerned about the fate of thousands of patients after being ordered to cease activities |url=https://www.msf.org/myanmar-msf-concerned-about-fate-thousands-patients-after-being-ordered-cease-activities |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> By December 2014 MSF would restart primary health clinics in the country.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF restarts basic medical activities in parts of Myanmar’s Rakhine State after nine-month absence |url=https://www.msf.org/myanmar-msf-restarts-basic-medical-activities-parts-myanmar%E2%80%99s-rakhine-state-after-nine-month |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Myanmar}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 2018 (January) || || MSF opens a paediatric surgical program at a hospitaol in {{w|Monrovia}}, {{w|Liberia}}, with the goal to make surgical care more available for children in the country.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF opens paediatric surgery programme |url=https://www.msf.org/liberia-msf-opens-paediatric-surgery-programme |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Liberia}}
+
| 2014 || Infrastructure || || MSF experiments with the use of {{w|unmanned aerial vehicle}}s (UAVs) in {{w|Papua New Guinea}} to transport sputum samples from patients with suspected {{w|tuberculosis}} from remote health centers to a hospital for testing. || {{w|Papua New Guinea}}
 +
|-
 +
| 2018 (January) || || Disease/injury || MSF opens a paediatric surgical program at a hospital in {{w|Monrovia}}, {{w|Liberia}}, with the goal to make surgical care more available for children in the country.<ref>{{cite web |title=MSF opens paediatric surgery programme |url=https://www.msf.org/liberia-msf-opens-paediatric-surgery-programme |website=msf.org |accessdate=16 July 2019}}</ref> || {{w|Liberia}}
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}

Revision as of 14:54, 19 July 2019

This is a timeline of Médecins Sans Frontières, an international humanitarian aid organization that provides emergency medical assistance to populations in danger in nearly 70 countries.[1]

Big picture

Time period Development summary
1970s "Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) was born in the early 1970s out of the exasperation of a group of French doctors who worked in desperate conditions in the Biafra War (1967-70)" "MSF's growth and increased professionalism in the 1970s came as a response to decolonisation and cold war conflicts in Africa and Asia, which created massive refugee crises."[2]
2010s As og 2015, MSF is active in nineteen countries and is involved in assistance activities in over sixty nations. It is represented by the International Office in Geneva, and has operational centers in Brussels, Paris, Amsterdam, Barcelona and Geneva that coordinate interventions. MSF is independent from governments and political parties.[3]

Full timeline

Year Event type Targeted affliction (when applicable) Details Country
1971 (December 22) Médecins Sans Frontières is founded in Paris[1] by a group of French doctors and journalists in the wake of Nigerian Civil War, and the floods in Bangladesh.[4] France
1972 Assistance An earthquake in Nicaragua marks the first MSF mission in a natural disaster.[4] Nicaragua
1974 Assistance Hurricane MSF conducts a relief mission to assist people in Honduras after the devastating Hurricane Fifi–Orlene.[4] Honduras
1975 Assistance Crimes against humanity MSF establishes its first large-scale medical program during a refugee crisis in Cambodia, providing medical care for the waves of Cambodians seeking sanctuary from the Khmer Rouge regime.[5] Cambodia
1976 Assistance War MSF conducts its first wartime mission in Lebanon and becomes a professional medical emergency organization.[6] Lebanon
1977 MSF organizes its first major advertising campaign, featuring a picture of a child, looking into a camera from behind bars.[7]
1977 In spite of having promoted a depoliticized image, MSF representative Claude Malhuret first violates the statutory confidentiality commitment by condemning the “revolutionary crimes” of the Khmer Rouge who, he says, are “exterminating entire segments of the population in the name of some revamped communist ideology”.[8] Cambodia
1978 Assistance War MSF launches various refugee programs in Thailand, in Djibouti during the Ogaden War and Eritrean refugees in Sudan.[9] Thailand, Djibouti, Sudan
1979 Staff MSF Co-founder Dr Bernard Kouchner leaves to form a new group, Médecins du Monde (Doctors of the World).[9]
1979 MSF moves beyond its modus operandi of sending isolated doctors to crisis zones in favour of creating a more structured organization that can provide quality medical services in crises. The initiative is led by Dr Claude Malhuret and Dr Francis Charhon.[9]
1979 War MSF starts working in Somalia, in times of the Somali Rebellion.[10] Somalia
1979 War MSF sets up missions to help civilians in South Sudan affected by starvation and the civil war.[11] Sudan
1980 Assistance War MSF launches its first nutritional program in the midst of drought and civil war in Karamoja, Uganda.[9] Uganda
1980 Assistance War MSF medical teams clandestinely cross the Pakistani–Afghan border and travel by mule for several weeks to reach injured civilians living in remote areas during the Soviet–Afghan War.[9] Afghanistan
1980 Branch MSF-Belgium is founded.[12] Belgium
1981 War MSF hospitals in Afghanistan are bombarded.[9] Afghanistan
1981 MSF sets up its first logistics department to coordinate and channel emergency medical relief.[2]
1981 Branch MSF-Switzerland is established.[13] Switzerland
1982 Assistance General MSF begins working in Rwanda.[14] Rwanda
1983 MSF France registers the brands "MSF International" and "MSF Europe" in Geneva and modifies its own statutes in order to integrate the possible creation of an MSF international structure.[15] France
1984 Assistance Malnutrition MSF starts programs to treat malnutrition in Ethiopia.[16] Ethiopia
1984 MSF establishes office in the Netherlands.[17] Netherlands
1984 MSF creates the Liberté Sans Frontières (LSF) Foundation, a think-tank on development and human rights issues.[8]
1984 MSF Belgium establishes AEDES (Association Européenne pour le Développement et la Santé/European Association for Development and Health) in order to support long-term projects that MSF want to hand over, and to offer more stable jobs for certain MSF employees.[18] Belgium
1985 MSF Belgium opposes the creation by MSF France’s newly formed Liberté Sans Frontières, thus taking a first step towards independence from MSF France.[15] Belgium
1985 Withdrawal The Government from Ethiopia expells MSF doctors on accusations for speaking out against Government policies.[19] Ethiopia
1985 Assistance Starvation MSF adds food relief to its eight-year-long mission in Eritrea, which has previously focused on emergency medicine.[20] Eritrea
1985 Assistance MSF assists with medical care in Honduras to refugees from El Salvador and Nicaragua.[9] Honduras
1986 Assistance War MSF organizes mobile clinics and starts assisting injured and traumatized people affected by the Sri Lankan Civil War.[21] Sri Lanka
1986 Branch MSF-Spain is established. Spain
1986 MSF France creates MSF Logistique to manage the stocks of equipment and medicines to be sent to missions.[15] France
1986 Branch Three doctors create MSF Luxembourg. The first actions by this association are done jointly with MSF Belgium in Ethiopia, Lebanon, Nicaragua, and then with MSF Spain in Bolivia. Refusing to recognize MSF Luxembourg as operational and independent, because of concerns over its small size and about its close ties to MSF Belgium, MSF France threatens to prosecute MSF Luxembourg to prevent the use of the MSF trademark.[15] Luxemburg, France
1986 MSF France registers as an overseas organization in the United Kingdom.[15] United Kingdom
1986 MSF Belgium creates its own green logo.[15] Belgium
1986 MSF France’s General Assembly votes to create a structure in charge of training MSF volunteers. This association, called CIREM (Centre d’Intervention pour la Recherche et l’Epidémiologie Médicale/Intervention Centre for Research and Medical Epidemiology), has three objectives: public health training, provision of scientific support to MSF missions, and scientific networking.[15] France
1987 Disease MSF vaccinates 2,5 million Nigerians in the region around Ibadan and in Anambra State.[22] Nigeria
1987 Assistance General MSF doctors start working in the Philippines.[23] Philippines
1987 MSF France launches a satellite organization called "Epicentre" to conduct epidemiological studies and assessments in field settings.[24] France
1988 MSF is requested to start an intervention to address urgent health needs in the area of the Western Upper Nile.[25] Sudan
1988 MSF Belgium and MSF Holland strive to develop a concrete operational collaboration, and create a common Rapid Response Unit [Unité d’Intervention Rapide/UIR] which is to be coordinated alternately by each section.[15] Belgium, Netherlands
1988 Earthquake MSF assists victims of the earthquake of Armenia.[26] Armenia
1988 Cholera MSF employs cholera treatment centers (CTCs) in Malawi to address an epidemic among refugees escaping from the Mozambican Civil War.[27] Malawi
1989 Withdrawal War MSF withdraws from Sudan after an MSF plane is shot down by a missile, killing 4 people, two of them MSF volunteers.[9] Sudan
1989 MSF Belgium creates Transfer, a logistics center cooperative association, which remains under MSF control via the members of the General Assembly and board, who are all MSF Belgium members.[15] Belgium
1990 "An MSF logistician is murdered in Afghanistan. Activities suspended."[9]
1990 Assistance War MSF begins working in Liberia in response to the civil war.[28] Liberia
1990 Branch MSF-Greece is established.[29] Greece
1990 Branch MSF establishes office in the United States.[30] United States
1990 Assistance War MSF begins its first psychosocial program in Gaza, which focuses on developing people’s self-help skills and on addressing both the social and psychological effects of violence.[31] Palestine
1991 "The MSF relief convoy evacuating the wounded from Vukovar hospital comes under attack. Three of our workers are wounded."[9]
1991 Assistance HIV/AIDS MSF initiates an HIV/AIDS prevention program in Uganda.[32] Uganda
1991 Branch MSF establishes office in Canada.[33] Canada
1991 Assistance General MSF starts operations in Brazil. All projects would be closed in 2011.[34] Brazil
1992 Branch MSF establishes office in Japan.[35] Japan
1992 Branch MSF Sweden is established.[15] Sweden
1992 War/crime MSF states that, “the main problem today is that of access to victims; the authorities or factions oppose humanitarian action, an inconvenient witness to their atrocities, and insecurity makes intervention increasingly dangerous”.[8]
1992 The MSF International Office organizes the ‘Populations in Danger’ Days and the production of the ‘MSF Report on the Populations in Danger.’[15]
1992 "In 1992, the lawyer Françoise Bouchet-Saulnier was tasked by the International Office to address the trademark issue, starting with a review of all the registered MSF trademarks. Eventually, the six first sections (MSF France, MSF Belgium, MSF Switzerland, MSF Holland, MSF Luxembourg, MSF Spain) were allowed to keep their trademark in their home countries, providing they would release their trademarks in other countries to the international office."[15]
1993 Assistance War MSF starts operations in Burundi during the civil war in the country.[36] Burundi
1993 Branch MSF establishes office in the United Kingdom.[37] United Kingdom
1993 Branch MSF-Italy is established.[15] Italy
1993 MSF Denmark is established.[15] Denmark
1994 Tuberculosis MSF issues a new tuberculosis guideline that refers explicitly to WHO's declaration on the eradication of TB as a public health priority.[38]
1994 Branch MSF-Australia is established.[39] Australia
1994 Branch MSF Germany, MSF Hong Kong, MSF Australia, and MSF Austria are established.[40][15] Germany, Hong Kong, Australia, Austria
1995 War MSF doctors assist civilians during the First Chechen War.[41] Russia
1995 Branch MSF France’s Antenna is set up in the United Arab Emirates.[15] United Arab Emirates
1995 MSF becomes the first European NGO to begin working in North Korea.[42] North Korea
1996 Recognition MSF receive the Seoul Peace Prize.[11] South Korea
1996 Branch MSF Norway is established.[15] Norway
1996 Assistance Meningococcal meningitis MSF launches a massive vaccination and treatment program during a severe epidemic of meningococcal meningitis in Nigeria. About 4.5 million people are assisted.[43] Nigeria
1996 (November) War MSF calls for armed international intervention in Rwanda, “to protect the refugees and guarantee access to aid”.[8] Rwanda
1997 Assistance War/Genocide MSF assists Rwandan refugees forced out of camps in Zaire as they return home, but are blocked from assisting those fleeing further into Zaire, who fall victim to widespread massacres.[9] Rwanda
1997 Literature MSF publishes the book Refugee Health, which establishes ten top priorities for managing refugee emergencies.[44]
1998 Policy MSF formally recognizes the importance of providing mental healthcare and psychosocial care as part of its emergency work.[45][46]
1998 Endorsement MSF decides to support the creation of the International Criminal Court. However, 10 years later it would state that it ‘would not cooperate and would not transmit any information to the ICC', as the organization needs to keep its distance from the ICC, as from any other political body.[47]
1998 (October–November) Assistance Hurricane MSF assists victims of Hurricane Mitch in Central America.[48] Honduras, Nicaragua, Guatemala, El Salvador
1999 Recognition MSF is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize "in recognition of the organization's pioneering humanitarian work on several continents".[49] Sweden
1999 Assistance Cyclone MSF India doctors assist victims of the cyclone in Odisha.[50] India
1999 Assistance War MSF doctors provide humanitarian assistance to refugees in Macedonia, Albania and Montenegro during the Kosovo War.[51] Kosovo
2000 Assistance War MSF doctors assist victims during the Sierra Leone Civil War.[52] Sierra Leone
2000 Assistance HIV/AIDS MSF teams in Thailand break rules to import affordable HIV medicines to treat patients from HIV/AIDS.[53] Thailand
2001 Assistance HIV/AIDS MSF starts providing antiretroviral therapy to people living with AIDS in several countries.[9] Thailand, Cambodia, Cameroon, Guatemala, Kenya, Malawi, South Africa
2001 Assistance Earthquake MSF assists victims of the earthquake in Gujarat.[50] India
2002 Assistance Dictatorship/repression MSF France extends its program to assist North Korean refugees who fly from China to other Asian countries in their attempt to reach South Korea, where an office is established in Seoul.[54] North Korea, China, South Korea
2003 Disease MSF joins several research institutes, including the Institut Pasteur, to create the Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, a non-profit organization engaged in research and development of new treatments for neglected diseases.[55]
2003 Program Disease The Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative is founded by MSF and the Pasteur Institute, along with four other public research institutions. DNDi focuses on research and development of new and more efficient treatments for neglected diseases such as malaria, Chagas, kala azar and sleeping sickness.[56]
2004 Assistance Tuberculosis MSF treats patients for tuberculosis in nearly 50 projects in 24 countries.[57] Angola, Afghanistan, Abkhazia/Georgia, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Caucasus/Chechnya, Chad, China, Congo, Congo DR, Ethiopia, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Nepal, Nigeria, Sudan, Somalia, Thailand, Uganda, Uzbekistan
2004 Assistance Malnutrition MSF treats 30,000 malnourished children worldwide.[58]
2004 Withdrawal War MSF leaves Afghanistan after five of its aid workers are murdered, ostensibly by the Taliban. By 2009, the organization would return to the country.[59] Afghanistan
2005 MSF establishes an independent and specialized Evaluation Unit in Vienna. Since then, similar units would be set up in Stockholm and Paris.[60] Austria
2005 Malnutrition MSF treats 60,000 children suffering from severe acute malnutrition in Niger by providing ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF), a fortified milk paste rich in vitamins and minerals.[27] Niger
2005 Infrastructure Earthquake During the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, MSF uses an inflatable hospital for the first time, comprising nine tents, four operating theaters, an emergency room, an intensive care unit, and 120 beds. Since then such hospitals would become a staple in MSF’s projects, especially in places where medical infrastructure were damaged by conflict or natural disasters.[27] Pakistan
2006 Branch The MSF-Czech Republic office is established in Prague.[61] Czechia
2006 Assistance Malaria MSF treats 1.8 million people for malaria in its projects in Africa, Asia and Latin America.[56] Africa, Asia, Latin America
2007 Assistance Ebola MSF teams assist patients during an Ebola outbreak in Uganda.[62][63] Uganda
2007 War MSF assists civilians affected by the Somali Civil War. War surgery programs start in several locations.[10] Somalia
2008 "MSF staff already working in the country provide assistance to thousands of people displaced by the cyclone while the government stalls on allowing additional staff to enter the country."[9]
2008 Cholera MSF doctors assist patients during an outbreak of cholera in Zimbabwe.[64] Zimbabwe
2009 Withdrawal MSF is expelled from Darfur, and its activities in Niger are suspended by the government.[65] Sudan
2009 Assistance War MSF opens a surgical hospitals in Gaza and starts offering post-operative and psychological care. The two hospital tents include operating theaters and a 12-bed post-surgery recovery and post-operative care unit.[66] Palestine
2009 Assistance Disease MSF organizes large-scale immunization campaigns, particularly against meningitis in western Africa, where MSF workers vaccinate almost eight million people in Nigeria and Niger.[67]
2009 Withdrawal War MSF withdraws from Sri Lanka, after working for seventeen years against a background of civil war between the government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.[65] Sri Lanka
2009 Assistance Malnutrition MSF workers treat 250,000 malnourished children in 34 countries in the year.[68]
2009–2013 Infrastructure MSF first pilots the use of telemedicine and consolidates multiple platforms in different languages in 2013 to create a more secure and accessible system. The platforms allow doctors and nurses in the field to easily consult with both MSF and non-MSF experts and specialists anywhere in the world by posting text and images, including X-rays.[27]
2010 Assistance MSF responds to massive floods in Pakistan, assisting more than 80,000 patients and distributing nearly 2 million liters of clean water, along with almost 65,000 relief kits.[69] Pakistan
2010 Malnutrition "MSF and the VII photo agency launch the "Starved For Attention" multimedia campaign on global malnutrition. The ongoing exhibition, which has already been staged in the US, Europe, and Africa, highlights the often overlooked global scourge of malnutrition, its lethal impact on children in particular, and some innovative practices employed by MSF and others to combat it."[9]
2010 (January) Assistance Earthquake MSF doctors assist victims of the Haitian earthquake.[70] Haiti
2010 Assistance General MSF doctors carry out more than 80,000 medical consultations, treat more than 4,500 children for malnutrition and distribute 1.8 million litres of clean water every day to people affected by flooding during the 2010 Pakistan floods.[70] Pakistan
2010 Infrastructure MSF develops a multilingual telemedicine network to assist its field medical staff by providing direct access to specialist advice.[71]
2010 Withdrawal MSF suspends activities in Turkmenistan stating they can no longer provide effective assistance in a country where national health authorities hide the true state of public health and disseminate misinformation.[70] Turkmenistan
2011 Assistance War/crime MSF workers provide medical care to more than 20,088 patients in the emergency room and conduct 955 emergency surgeries in the hospital’s operating theater in Hangu, Pakistan, where risk of armed conflict remains high.[72] Pakistan
2013 Withdrawal War/crime MSF closes all its programs in Somalia after 22 years working in the country. The decision comes after a long series of threats, kidnappings, extremely violent attacks, and murders, with 16 members of MSF staff having been killed since 1991.[73] Somalia
2013 Assistance Tuberculosis MSF begins implementation of a shortened treatment course for drug-resistant tuberculosis in Uzbekistan.[27] Uzbekistan
2014 (February) Withdrawal MSF is ordered by the Government of Myanmar to cease all activities in the country, where MSF doctors assist 30,000 HIV/AIDS patients and more than 3,000 TB patients.[74] By December 2014 MSF would restart primary health clinics in the country.[75] Myanmar
2014 Infrastructure MSF experiments with the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in Papua New Guinea to transport sputum samples from patients with suspected tuberculosis from remote health centers to a hospital for testing. Papua New Guinea
2018 (January) Disease/injury MSF opens a paediatric surgical program at a hospital in Monrovia, Liberia, with the goal to make surgical care more available for children in the country.[76] Liberia

Meta information on the timeline

How the timeline was built

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Funding information for this timeline is available.

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See also

External links

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 "Médecins Sans Frontières History". nobelprize.org. Retrieved 4 July 2019. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 "About MSF". theguardian.com. Retrieved 18 July 2019. 
  3. "Papernet supports Doctors without Borders (MSF)". papernet.com. Retrieved 16 July 2019. 
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 "Founding". doctorswithoutborders.org. Retrieved 15 July 2019. 
  5. "FOUNDING OF MÉDECINS SANS FRONTIÈRES". msf.org.au. Retrieved 15 July 2019. 
  6. "Caring for the most vulnerable". msf.org. Retrieved 15 July 2019. 
  7. "Medecins sans Frontieres looks back at its first four decades". dw.com. Retrieved 18 July 2019. 
  8. 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 "II. History". msf-crash.org. Retrieved 18 July 2019. 
  9. 9.00 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05 9.06 9.07 9.08 9.09 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 "The MSF timeline". msf.ie. Retrieved 15 July 2019. 
  10. 10.0 10.1 "A timeline of MSF in Somalia". msf.org. Retrieved 16 July 2019. 
  11. 11.0 11.1 "Médecins Sans Frontières". bionity.com. Retrieved 18 July 2019. 
  12. "Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) - Belgium". globalhand.org. Retrieved 15 July 2019. 
  13. "MSF Switzerland" (PDF). msf.ch. Retrieved 15 July 2019. 
  14. "Rwandan genocide 25 years on: MSF caught in spiral of extreme violence from Rwanda to Zaire". msf.org. Retrieved 16 July 2019. 
  15. 15.00 15.01 15.02 15.03 15.04 15.05 15.06 15.07 15.08 15.09 15.10 15.11 15.12 15.13 15.14 15.15 15.16 "Médecins Sans Frontières, Evolution of an International Movement: Associative History 1971-2014" (PDF). associativehistory.msf.org. Retrieved 18 July 2019. 
  16. "Famine in Ethiopia". doctorswithoutborders.tumblr.com. Retrieved 15 July 2019. 
  17. "Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) - Holland". globalhand.org. Retrieved 15 July 2019. 
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