Difference between revisions of "Timeline of OpenAI"
From Timelines
(43 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
| 2015 || {{dts|July}} (approximate) || Background || {{W|Sam Altman}} sets up a dinner in {{W|Menlo Park, California}} to talk about starting an organization to do AI research. Attendees include Greg Brockman, Dario Amodei, Chris Olah, Paul Christiano, {{W|Ilya Sutskever}}, and {{W|Elon Musk}}.<ref name="path-to-openai" /> | | 2015 || {{dts|July}} (approximate) || Background || {{W|Sam Altman}} sets up a dinner in {{W|Menlo Park, California}} to talk about starting an organization to do AI research. Attendees include Greg Brockman, Dario Amodei, Chris Olah, Paul Christiano, {{W|Ilya Sutskever}}, and {{W|Elon Musk}}.<ref name="path-to-openai" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 2015 || {{dts|December 11}} || Creation || {{w|OpenAI}} is announced to the public. (The news articles from this period make it sound like OpenAI launched sometime after this date.)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/12/science/artificial-intelligence-research-center-is-founded-by-silicon-valley-investors.html |date=December 11, 2015 |publisher=[[w:The New York Times|The New York Times]] |title=Artificial-Intelligence Research Center Is Founded by Silicon Valley Investors |author=John Markoff |accessdate=July 26, 2017 |quote=The organization, to be named OpenAI, will be established as a nonprofit, and will be based in San Francisco.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/introducing-openai/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=Introducing OpenAI |date=December 11, 2015 |accessdate=July 26, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://techcrunch.com/2015/12/11/non-profit-openai-launches-with-backing-from-elon-musk-and-sam-altman/ |date=December 11, 2015 |publisher=TechCrunch |title=Artificial Intelligence Nonprofit OpenAI Launches With Backing From Elon Musk And Sam Altman |author=Drew Olanoff |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref> | + | | 2015 || {{dts|December 11}} || Creation || {{w|OpenAI}} is announced to the public. (The news articles from this period make it sound like OpenAI launched sometime after this date.)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/12/science/artificial-intelligence-research-center-is-founded-by-silicon-valley-investors.html |date=December 11, 2015 |publisher=[[w:The New York Times|The New York Times]] |title=Artificial-Intelligence Research Center Is Founded by Silicon Valley Investors |author=John Markoff |accessdate=July 26, 2017 |quote=The organization, to be named OpenAI, will be established as a nonprofit, and will be based in San Francisco.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/introducing-openai/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=Introducing OpenAI |date=December 11, 2015 |accessdate=July 26, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://techcrunch.com/2015/12/11/non-profit-openai-launches-with-backing-from-elon-musk-and-sam-altman/ |date=December 11, 2015 |publisher=TechCrunch |title=Artificial Intelligence Nonprofit OpenAI Launches With Backing From Elon Musk And Sam Altman |author=Drew Olanoff |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref> Co-founders include Wojciech Zaremba<ref>{{cite web |title=Wojciech Zaremba |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/wojciech-zaremba-356568164/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref>, |
|- | |- | ||
| 2015 || {{dts|December}} || Staff || OpenAI announces {{w|Y Combinator}} founding partner {{w|Jessica Livingston}} as one of its financial backers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/theopriestley/2015/12/11/elon-musk-and-peter-thiel-launch-openai-a-non-profit-artificial-intelligence-research-company/ |title=Elon Musk And Peter Thiel Launch OpenAI, A Non-Profit Artificial Intelligence Research Company |first1=Theo |last1=Priestly |date=December 11, 2015 |publisher=''{{w|Forbes}}'' |access-date=8 July 2019 }}</ref> | | 2015 || {{dts|December}} || Staff || OpenAI announces {{w|Y Combinator}} founding partner {{w|Jessica Livingston}} as one of its financial backers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/theopriestley/2015/12/11/elon-musk-and-peter-thiel-launch-openai-a-non-profit-artificial-intelligence-research-company/ |title=Elon Musk And Peter Thiel Launch OpenAI, A Non-Profit Artificial Intelligence Research Company |first1=Theo |last1=Priestly |date=December 11, 2015 |publisher=''{{w|Forbes}}'' |access-date=8 July 2019 }}</ref> | ||
Line 42: | Line 42: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2016 || {{Dts|April 26}} || Staff || A blog post from this day announces that Pieter Abbeel has joined OpenAI.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/welcome-pieter-and-shivon/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=Welcome, Pieter and Shivon! |date=March 20, 2017 |first=Ilya |last=Sutskever |accessdate=May 6, 2018}}</ref> | | 2016 || {{Dts|April 26}} || Staff || A blog post from this day announces that Pieter Abbeel has joined OpenAI.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/welcome-pieter-and-shivon/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=Welcome, Pieter and Shivon! |date=March 20, 2017 |first=Ilya |last=Sutskever |accessdate=May 6, 2018}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2016 || {{dts|April}} || Staff || Shivon Zilis joins OpenAi as Advisor.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shivon Zilis |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/shivonzilis/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2016 || {{dts|April 27}} || Software || The public beta of OpenAI Gym, an open source toolkit that provides environments to test AI bots, is released.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/openai-gym-beta/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=OpenAI Gym Beta |date=March 20, 2017 |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wired.com/2016/04/openai-elon-musk-sam-altman-plan-to-set-artificial-intelligence-free/ |title=Inside OpenAI, Elon Musk's Wild Plan to Set Artificial Intelligence Free |date=April 27, 2016 |publisher=[[wikipedia:WIRED|WIRED]] |accessdate=March 2, 2018 |quote=This morning, OpenAI will release its first batch of AI software, a toolkit for building artificially intelligent systems by way of a technology called "reinforcement learning"}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/openai-has-launched-a-gym-where-developers-can-train-their-computers-2016-4?op=1 |first=Sam |last=Shead |date=April 28, 2016 |title=Elon Musk's $1 billion AI company launches a 'gym' where developers train their computers |publisher=Business Insider |accessdate=March 3, 2018}}</ref> | | 2016 || {{dts|April 27}} || Software || The public beta of OpenAI Gym, an open source toolkit that provides environments to test AI bots, is released.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/openai-gym-beta/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=OpenAI Gym Beta |date=March 20, 2017 |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wired.com/2016/04/openai-elon-musk-sam-altman-plan-to-set-artificial-intelligence-free/ |title=Inside OpenAI, Elon Musk's Wild Plan to Set Artificial Intelligence Free |date=April 27, 2016 |publisher=[[wikipedia:WIRED|WIRED]] |accessdate=March 2, 2018 |quote=This morning, OpenAI will release its first batch of AI software, a toolkit for building artificially intelligent systems by way of a technology called "reinforcement learning"}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/openai-has-launched-a-gym-where-developers-can-train-their-computers-2016-4?op=1 |first=Sam |last=Shead |date=April 28, 2016 |title=Elon Musk's $1 billion AI company launches a 'gym' where developers train their computers |publisher=Business Insider |accessdate=March 3, 2018}}</ref> | ||
Line 52: | Line 54: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2016 || {{dts|August 15}} || Donation || The technology company {{W|Nvidia}} announces that it has donated the first {{W|Nvidia DGX-1}} (a supercomputer) to OpenAI. OpenAI plans to use the supercomputer to train its AI on a corpus of conversations from {{W|Reddit}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blogs.nvidia.com/blog/2016/08/15/first-ai-supercomputer-openai-elon-musk-deep-learning/ |title=NVIDIA Brings DGX-1 AI Supercomputer in a Box to OpenAI |publisher=The Official NVIDIA Blog |date=August 15, 2016 |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://fortune.com/2016/08/15/elon-musk-artificial-intelligence-openai-nvidia-supercomputer/ |title=Nvidia Just Gave A Supercomputer to Elon Musk-backed Artificial Intelligence Group |publisher=Fortune |first=Jonathan |last=Vanian |date=August 15, 2016 |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://futurism.com/elon-musks-openai-is-using-reddit-to-teach-an-artificial-intelligence-how-to-speak/ |date=August 17, 2016 |title=Elon Musk's OpenAI is Using Reddit to Teach An Artificial Intelligence How to Speak |first=Cecille |last=De Jesus |publisher=Futurism |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | | 2016 || {{dts|August 15}} || Donation || The technology company {{W|Nvidia}} announces that it has donated the first {{W|Nvidia DGX-1}} (a supercomputer) to OpenAI. OpenAI plans to use the supercomputer to train its AI on a corpus of conversations from {{W|Reddit}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blogs.nvidia.com/blog/2016/08/15/first-ai-supercomputer-openai-elon-musk-deep-learning/ |title=NVIDIA Brings DGX-1 AI Supercomputer in a Box to OpenAI |publisher=The Official NVIDIA Blog |date=August 15, 2016 |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://fortune.com/2016/08/15/elon-musk-artificial-intelligence-openai-nvidia-supercomputer/ |title=Nvidia Just Gave A Supercomputer to Elon Musk-backed Artificial Intelligence Group |publisher=Fortune |first=Jonathan |last=Vanian |date=August 15, 2016 |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://futurism.com/elon-musks-openai-is-using-reddit-to-teach-an-artificial-intelligence-how-to-speak/ |date=August 17, 2016 |title=Elon Musk's OpenAI is Using Reddit to Teach An Artificial Intelligence How to Speak |first=Cecille |last=De Jesus |publisher=Futurism |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2016 || {{dts|September}} || Staff || Alexander Ray joins OpenAi as Member of Technical Staff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Alexander Ray |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/machinaut/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2016 || {{dts|October}} || Staff || Jack Clark joins OpenAi.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jack Clark |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/jack-clark-5a320317/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2016 || {{dts|October}} || Staff || OpenAi Research Scientist Harri Edwards joins the organization.<ref>{{cite web |title=Harri Edwards |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/harri-edwards-7b199375/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2016 || {{dts|November 15}} || Partnership || A partnership between OpenAI and Microsoft's artificial intelligence division is announced. As part of the partnership, Microsoft provides a price reduction on computing resources to OpenAI through {{W|Microsoft Azure}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/11/15/13639904/microsoft-openai-ai-partnership-elon-musk-sam-altman |date=November 15, 2016 |publisher=The Verge |first=Nick |last=Statt |title=Microsoft is partnering with Elon Musk's OpenAI to protect humanity's best interests |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wired.com/2016/11/next-battles-clouds-ai-chips/ |title=The Next Big Front in the Battle of the Clouds Is AI Chips. And Microsoft Just Scored a Win |publisher=[[wikipedia:WIRED|WIRED]] |first=Cade |last=Metz |accessdate=March 2, 2018 |quote=According to Altman and Harry Shum, head of Microsoft new AI and research group, OpenAI's use of Azure is part of a larger partnership between the two companies. In the future, Altman and Shum tell WIRED, the two companies may also collaborate on research. "We're exploring a couple of specific projects," Altman says. "I'm assuming something will happen there." That too will require some serious hardware.}}</ref> | | 2016 || {{dts|November 15}} || Partnership || A partnership between OpenAI and Microsoft's artificial intelligence division is announced. As part of the partnership, Microsoft provides a price reduction on computing resources to OpenAI through {{W|Microsoft Azure}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/11/15/13639904/microsoft-openai-ai-partnership-elon-musk-sam-altman |date=November 15, 2016 |publisher=The Verge |first=Nick |last=Statt |title=Microsoft is partnering with Elon Musk's OpenAI to protect humanity's best interests |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wired.com/2016/11/next-battles-clouds-ai-chips/ |title=The Next Big Front in the Battle of the Clouds Is AI Chips. And Microsoft Just Scored a Win |publisher=[[wikipedia:WIRED|WIRED]] |first=Cade |last=Metz |accessdate=March 2, 2018 |quote=According to Altman and Harry Shum, head of Microsoft new AI and research group, OpenAI's use of Azure is part of a larger partnership between the two companies. In the future, Altman and Shum tell WIRED, the two companies may also collaborate on research. "We're exploring a couple of specific projects," Altman says. "I'm assuming something will happen there." That too will require some serious hardware.}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2016 || {{dts|December 5}} || Software || OpenAI's Universe, "a software platform for measuring and training an AI's general intelligence across the world's supply of games, websites and other applications", is released.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://github.com/openai/universe |accessdate=March 1, 2018 |publisher=GitHub |title=universe}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://techcrunch.com/2016/12/05/openais-universe-is-the-fun-parent-every-artificial-intelligence-deserves/ |date=December 5, 2016 |publisher=TechCrunch |title=OpenAI's Universe is the fun parent every artificial intelligence deserves |author=John Mannes |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wired.com/2016/12/openais-universe-computers-learn-use-apps-like-humans/ |title=Elon Musk's Lab Wants to Teach Computers to Use Apps Just Like Humans Do |publisher=[[wikipedia:WIRED|WIRED]] |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13103742 |title=OpenAI Universe |website=Hacker News |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | | 2016 || {{dts|December 5}} || Software || OpenAI's Universe, "a software platform for measuring and training an AI's general intelligence across the world's supply of games, websites and other applications", is released.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://github.com/openai/universe |accessdate=March 1, 2018 |publisher=GitHub |title=universe}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://techcrunch.com/2016/12/05/openais-universe-is-the-fun-parent-every-artificial-intelligence-deserves/ |date=December 5, 2016 |publisher=TechCrunch |title=OpenAI's Universe is the fun parent every artificial intelligence deserves |author=John Mannes |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wired.com/2016/12/openais-universe-computers-learn-use-apps-like-humans/ |title=Elon Musk's Lab Wants to Teach Computers to Use Apps Just Like Humans Do |publisher=[[wikipedia:WIRED|WIRED]] |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13103742 |title=OpenAI Universe |website=Hacker News |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2016 || ? || Staff || Tom Brown joins OpenAi as Member of Technical Staff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tom Brown |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/nottombrown/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=29 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2017 || {{dts|January}} || Staff || Paul Christiano joins OpenAI to work on AI alignment.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://paulfchristiano.com/ai/ |title=AI Alignment |date=May 13, 2017 |publisher=Paul Christiano |accessdate=May 6, 2018}}</ref> He was previously an intern at OpenAI in 2016.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/team-update/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=Team Update |date=March 22, 2017 |accessdate=May 6, 2018}}</ref> | | 2017 || {{dts|January}} || Staff || Paul Christiano joins OpenAI to work on AI alignment.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://paulfchristiano.com/ai/ |title=AI Alignment |date=May 13, 2017 |publisher=Paul Christiano |accessdate=May 6, 2018}}</ref> He was previously an intern at OpenAI in 2016.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/team-update/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=Team Update |date=March 22, 2017 |accessdate=May 6, 2018}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2017 || {{dts|February}} || Staff || OpenAi Research Scientist Prafulla Dhariwal joins the organization.<ref>{{cite web |title=Prafulla Dhariwal |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/prafulladhariwal/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2017 || {{dts|February}} || Staff || OpenAi Researcher Jakub Pachocki joins the organization.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jakub Pachocki |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/jakub-pachocki/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2017 || {{dts|March}} || Donation || The Open Philanthropy Project awards a grant of $30 million to {{w|OpenAI}} for general support.<ref name="donations-portal-open-phil-ai-risk">{{cite web |url=https://donations.vipulnaik.com/donor.php?donor=Open+Philanthropy+Project&cause_area_filter=AI+safety |title=Open Philanthropy Project donations made (filtered to cause areas matching AI safety) |accessdate=July 27, 2017}}</ref> The grant initiates a partnership between Open Philanthropy Project and OpenAI, in which {{W|Holden Karnofsky}} (executive director of Open Philanthropy Project) joins OpenAI's board of directors to oversee OpenAI's safety and governance work.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.openphilanthropy.org/focus/global-catastrophic-risks/potential-risks-advanced-artificial-intelligence/openai-general-support |publisher=Open Philanthropy Project |title=OpenAI — General Support |date=December 15, 2017 |accessdate=May 6, 2018}}</ref> The grant is criticized by {{W|Maciej Cegłowski}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/Pinboard/status/848009582492360704 |title=Pinboard on Twitter |publisher=Twitter |accessdate=May 8, 2018 |quote=What the actual fuck… “Open Philanthropy” dude gives a $30M grant to his roommate / future brother-in-law. Trumpy!}}</ref> and Benjamin Hoffman (who would write the blog post "OpenAI makes humanity less safe")<ref>{{cite web |url=http://benjaminrosshoffman.com/openai-makes-humanity-less-safe/ |title=OpenAI makes humanity less safe |date=April 13, 2017 |publisher=Compass Rose |accessdate=May 6, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/Nqn2tkAHbejXTDKuW/openai-makes-humanity-less-safe |title=OpenAI makes humanity less safe |accessdate=May 6, 2018 |publisher=[[wikipedia:LessWrong|LessWrong]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://donations.vipulnaik.com/donee.php?donee=OpenAI |title=OpenAI donations received |accessdate=May 6, 2018}}</ref> among others.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.facebook.com/vipulnaik.r/posts/10211478311489366 |title=I'm having a hard time understanding the rationale... |accessdate=May 8, 2018 |first=Vipul |last=Naik}}</ref> | | 2017 || {{dts|March}} || Donation || The Open Philanthropy Project awards a grant of $30 million to {{w|OpenAI}} for general support.<ref name="donations-portal-open-phil-ai-risk">{{cite web |url=https://donations.vipulnaik.com/donor.php?donor=Open+Philanthropy+Project&cause_area_filter=AI+safety |title=Open Philanthropy Project donations made (filtered to cause areas matching AI safety) |accessdate=July 27, 2017}}</ref> The grant initiates a partnership between Open Philanthropy Project and OpenAI, in which {{W|Holden Karnofsky}} (executive director of Open Philanthropy Project) joins OpenAI's board of directors to oversee OpenAI's safety and governance work.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.openphilanthropy.org/focus/global-catastrophic-risks/potential-risks-advanced-artificial-intelligence/openai-general-support |publisher=Open Philanthropy Project |title=OpenAI — General Support |date=December 15, 2017 |accessdate=May 6, 2018}}</ref> The grant is criticized by {{W|Maciej Cegłowski}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/Pinboard/status/848009582492360704 |title=Pinboard on Twitter |publisher=Twitter |accessdate=May 8, 2018 |quote=What the actual fuck… “Open Philanthropy” dude gives a $30M grant to his roommate / future brother-in-law. Trumpy!}}</ref> and Benjamin Hoffman (who would write the blog post "OpenAI makes humanity less safe")<ref>{{cite web |url=http://benjaminrosshoffman.com/openai-makes-humanity-less-safe/ |title=OpenAI makes humanity less safe |date=April 13, 2017 |publisher=Compass Rose |accessdate=May 6, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/Nqn2tkAHbejXTDKuW/openai-makes-humanity-less-safe |title=OpenAI makes humanity less safe |accessdate=May 6, 2018 |publisher=[[wikipedia:LessWrong|LessWrong]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://donations.vipulnaik.com/donee.php?donee=OpenAI |title=OpenAI donations received |accessdate=May 6, 2018}}</ref> among others.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.facebook.com/vipulnaik.r/posts/10211478311489366 |title=I'm having a hard time understanding the rationale... |accessdate=May 8, 2018 |first=Vipul |last=Naik}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2017 || {{dts|March}} || || Greg Brockman and a few other core members of OpenAI begin drafting an internal document to lay out a path to {{w|artificial general intelligence}}. As the team studies trends within the field, they realize staying a nonprofit is financially untenable.<ref name="technologyreview.comñ">{{cite web |title=The messy, secretive reality behind OpenAI’s bid to save the world |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/s/615181/ai-openai-moonshot-elon-musk-sam-altman-greg-brockman-messy-secretive-reality/ |website=technologyreview.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2017 || {{dts|March}} || Staff || Christopher Berner joins OpenAi as Head of Infrastructure.<ref>{{cite web |title=Christopher Berner |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/christopherbernerberkeley/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=29 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2017 || {{dts|April}} || Coverage || An article entitled "The People Behind OpenAI" is published on {{W|Red Hat}}'s ''Open Source Stories'' website, covering work at OpenAI.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.redhat.com/en/open-source-stories/ai-revolutionaries/people-behind-openai |title=Open Source Stories: The People Behind OpenAI |accessdate=May 5, 2018 |first1=Brent |last1=Simoneaux |first2=Casey |last2=Stegman}} In the HTML source, last-publish-date is shown as Tue, 25 Apr 2017 04:00:00 GMT as of 2018-05-05.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reddit.com/r/OpenAI/comments/63xr4p/profile_of_the_people_behind_openai/ |publisher=reddit |title=Profile of the people behind OpenAI • r/OpenAI |date=April 7, 2017 |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14832524 |title=The People Behind OpenAI |website=Hacker News |accessdate=May 5, 2018 |date=July 23, 2017}}</ref> | | 2017 || {{dts|April}} || Coverage || An article entitled "The People Behind OpenAI" is published on {{W|Red Hat}}'s ''Open Source Stories'' website, covering work at OpenAI.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.redhat.com/en/open-source-stories/ai-revolutionaries/people-behind-openai |title=Open Source Stories: The People Behind OpenAI |accessdate=May 5, 2018 |first1=Brent |last1=Simoneaux |first2=Casey |last2=Stegman}} In the HTML source, last-publish-date is shown as Tue, 25 Apr 2017 04:00:00 GMT as of 2018-05-05.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reddit.com/r/OpenAI/comments/63xr4p/profile_of_the_people_behind_openai/ |publisher=reddit |title=Profile of the people behind OpenAI • r/OpenAI |date=April 7, 2017 |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14832524 |title=The People Behind OpenAI |website=Hacker News |accessdate=May 5, 2018 |date=July 23, 2017}}</ref> | ||
Line 66: | Line 84: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2017 || {{dts|April 6}} || AI development || OpenAI unveils reuse of an old field called “neuroevolution”, and a subset of algorithms from it called “evolution strategies,” which are aimed at solving optimization problems. In one hour training on an Atari challenge, an algorithm is found to reach a level of mastery that took a reinforcement-learning system published by DeepMind in 2016 a whole day to learn. On the walking problem the system took 10 minutes, compared to 10 hours for DeepMind's approach.<ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI Just Beat Google DeepMind at Atari With an Algorithm From the 80s |url=https://singularityhub.com/2017/04/06/openai-just-beat-the-hell-out-of-deepmind-with-an-algorithm-from-the-80s/ |website=singularityhub.com |accessdate=29 June 2019}}</ref> | | 2017 || {{dts|April 6}} || AI development || OpenAI unveils reuse of an old field called “neuroevolution”, and a subset of algorithms from it called “evolution strategies,” which are aimed at solving optimization problems. In one hour training on an Atari challenge, an algorithm is found to reach a level of mastery that took a reinforcement-learning system published by DeepMind in 2016 a whole day to learn. On the walking problem the system took 10 minutes, compared to 10 hours for DeepMind's approach.<ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI Just Beat Google DeepMind at Atari With an Algorithm From the 80s |url=https://singularityhub.com/2017/04/06/openai-just-beat-the-hell-out-of-deepmind-with-an-algorithm-from-the-80s/ |website=singularityhub.com |accessdate=29 June 2019}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2017 || {{dts|April}} || Staff || Matthias Plappert joins OpenAi as Researcher.<ref>{{cite web |title=Matthias Plappert |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/matthiasplappert/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2017 || {{dts|May 24}} || Software || OpenAI releases Baselines, a set of implementations of reinforcement learning algorithms.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/openai-baselines-dqn/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=OpenAI Baselines: DQN |date=November 28, 2017 |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://github.com/openai/baselines |publisher=GitHub |title=openai/baselines |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | | 2017 || {{dts|May 24}} || Software || OpenAI releases Baselines, a set of implementations of reinforcement learning algorithms.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/openai-baselines-dqn/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=OpenAI Baselines: DQN |date=November 28, 2017 |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://github.com/openai/baselines |publisher=GitHub |title=openai/baselines |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2017 || {{dts|May}} || Staff || {{w|Kevin Frans}} joins OpenAi as Research Intern.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kevin Frans |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/kevinfrans/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2017 || {{dts|June 12}} || Publication || "Deep reinforcement learning from human preferences" is first uploaded to the arXiv. The paper is a collaboration between researchers at OpenAI and Google DeepMind.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03741 |title=[1706.03741] Deep reinforcement learning from human preferences |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gwern.net/newsletter/2017/06 |author=gwern |date=June 3, 2017 |title=June 2017 news - Gwern.net |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wired.com/story/two-giants-of-ai-team-up-to-head-off-the-robot-apocalypse/ |title=Two Giants of AI Team Up to Head Off the Robot Apocalypse |publisher=[[wikipedia:WIRED|WIRED]] |accessdate=March 2, 2018 |quote=A new paper from the two organizations on a machine learning system that uses pointers from humans to learn a new task, rather than figuring out its own—potentially unpredictable—approach, follows through on that. Amodei says the project shows it's possible to do practical work right now on making machine learning systems less able to produce nasty surprises.}}</ref> | | 2017 || {{dts|June 12}} || Publication || "Deep reinforcement learning from human preferences" is first uploaded to the arXiv. The paper is a collaboration between researchers at OpenAI and Google DeepMind.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03741 |title=[1706.03741] Deep reinforcement learning from human preferences |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gwern.net/newsletter/2017/06 |author=gwern |date=June 3, 2017 |title=June 2017 news - Gwern.net |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wired.com/story/two-giants-of-ai-team-up-to-head-off-the-robot-apocalypse/ |title=Two Giants of AI Team Up to Head Off the Robot Apocalypse |publisher=[[wikipedia:WIRED|WIRED]] |accessdate=March 2, 2018 |quote=A new paper from the two organizations on a machine learning system that uses pointers from humans to learn a new task, rather than figuring out its own—potentially unpredictable—approach, follows through on that. Amodei says the project shows it's possible to do practical work right now on making machine learning systems less able to produce nasty surprises.}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 2017 || June || Partnership || OpenAi partners with {{w|DeepMind}}’s safety team in the development of an algorithm which can infer what humans want by being told which of two proposed behaviors is better. The learning algorithm uses small amounts of human feedback to solve modern {{w|reinforcement learning}} environments.<ref>{{cite web |title=Learning from Human Preferences |url=https://openai.com/blog/deep-reinforcement-learning-from-human-preferences/ |website=openai.com |accessdate=29 June 2019}}</ref> | + | | 2017 || {{dts|June}} || Partnership || OpenAi partners with {{w|DeepMind}}’s safety team in the development of an algorithm which can infer what humans want by being told which of two proposed behaviors is better. The learning algorithm uses small amounts of human feedback to solve modern {{w|reinforcement learning}} environments.<ref>{{cite web |title=Learning from Human Preferences |url=https://openai.com/blog/deep-reinforcement-learning-from-human-preferences/ |website=openai.com |accessdate=29 June 2019}}</ref> |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2017 || {{dts|July}} || Staff || OpenAi Research Scientist Joshua Achiam joins the organization.<ref>{{cite web |title=Joshua Achiam |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/joshua-achiam-13887199/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2017 || {{dts|August 12}} || Achievement || OpenAI's Dota 2 bot beats Danil "Dendi" Ishutin, a professional human player, (and possibly others?) in one-on-one battles.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://techcrunch.com/2017/08/12/openai-bot-remains-undefeated-against-worlds-greatest-dota-2-players/ |date=August 12, 2017 |publisher=TechCrunch |title=OpenAI bot remains undefeated against world's greatest Dota 2 players |author=Jordan Crook |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/8/14/16143392/dota-ai-openai-bot-win-elon-musk |date=August 14, 2017 |publisher=The Verge |title=Did Elon Musk's AI champ destroy humans at video games? It's complicated |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/the-international-dota-2-openai-bot-beats-dendi-2017-8 |date=August 11, 2017 |title=Elon Musk's $1 billion AI startup made a surprise appearance at a $24 million video game tournament — and crushed a pro gamer |publisher=Business Insider |accessdate=March 3, 2018}}</ref> | | 2017 || {{dts|August 12}} || Achievement || OpenAI's Dota 2 bot beats Danil "Dendi" Ishutin, a professional human player, (and possibly others?) in one-on-one battles.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://techcrunch.com/2017/08/12/openai-bot-remains-undefeated-against-worlds-greatest-dota-2-players/ |date=August 12, 2017 |publisher=TechCrunch |title=OpenAI bot remains undefeated against world's greatest Dota 2 players |author=Jordan Crook |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/8/14/16143392/dota-ai-openai-bot-win-elon-musk |date=August 14, 2017 |publisher=The Verge |title=Did Elon Musk's AI champ destroy humans at video games? It's complicated |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/the-international-dota-2-openai-bot-beats-dendi-2017-8 |date=August 11, 2017 |title=Elon Musk's $1 billion AI startup made a surprise appearance at a $24 million video game tournament — and crushed a pro gamer |publisher=Business Insider |accessdate=March 3, 2018}}</ref> | ||
Line 78: | Line 102: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2017 || {{Dts|September 13}} || Publication || "Learning with Opponent-Learning Awareness" is first uploaded to the arXiv.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.04326 |title=[1709.04326] Learning with Opponent-Learning Awareness |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gwern.net/newsletter/2017/09 |author=gwern |date=August 16, 2017 |title=September 2017 news - Gwern.net |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref> | | 2017 || {{Dts|September 13}} || Publication || "Learning with Opponent-Learning Awareness" is first uploaded to the arXiv.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.04326 |title=[1709.04326] Learning with Opponent-Learning Awareness |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gwern.net/newsletter/2017/09 |author=gwern |date=August 16, 2017 |title=September 2017 news - Gwern.net |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2017 || September || Staff || OpenAi Research Scientist Bowen Baker joins the organization.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bowen Baker |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/bowen-baker-59b48a65/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2017 || {{dts|October 11}} || Software || RoboSumo, a game that simulates {{W|sumo wrestling}} for AI to learn to play, is released.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wired.com/story/ai-sumo-wrestlers-could-make-future-robots-more-nimble/ |title=AI Sumo Wrestlers Could Make Future Robots More Nimble |publisher=[[wikipedia:WIRED|WIRED]] |accessdate=March 3, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-openai-virtual-robots-learn-sumo-wrestle-soccer-sports-ai-tech-science-2017-10 |first1=Alexandra |last1=Appolonia |first2=Justin |last2=Gmoser |date=October 20, 2017 |title=Elon Musk's artificial intelligence company created virtual robots that can sumo wrestle and play soccer |publisher=Business Insider |accessdate=March 3, 2018}}</ref> | | 2017 || {{dts|October 11}} || Software || RoboSumo, a game that simulates {{W|sumo wrestling}} for AI to learn to play, is released.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wired.com/story/ai-sumo-wrestlers-could-make-future-robots-more-nimble/ |title=AI Sumo Wrestlers Could Make Future Robots More Nimble |publisher=[[wikipedia:WIRED|WIRED]] |accessdate=March 3, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-openai-virtual-robots-learn-sumo-wrestle-soccer-sports-ai-tech-science-2017-10 |first1=Alexandra |last1=Appolonia |first2=Justin |last2=Gmoser |date=October 20, 2017 |title=Elon Musk's artificial intelligence company created virtual robots that can sumo wrestle and play soccer |publisher=Business Insider |accessdate=March 3, 2018}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2017 || {{dts|October}} || Staff || Jonathan Raiman joins OpenAi as Research Scientist.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jonathan Raiman |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/jonathan-raiman-36694123/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2017 || {{Dts|November 6}} || Staff || ''{{W|The New York Times}}'' reports that Pieter Abbeel (a researcher at OpenAI) and three other researchers from Berkeley and OpenAI have left to start their own company called Embodied Intelligence.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/06/technology/artificial-intelligence-start-up.html |date=November 6, 2017 |publisher=[[wikipedia:The New York Times|The New York Times]] |title=A.I. Researchers Leave Elon Musk Lab to Begin Robotics Start-Up |author=Cade Metz |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | | 2017 || {{Dts|November 6}} || Staff || ''{{W|The New York Times}}'' reports that Pieter Abbeel (a researcher at OpenAI) and three other researchers from Berkeley and OpenAI have left to start their own company called Embodied Intelligence.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/06/technology/artificial-intelligence-start-up.html |date=November 6, 2017 |publisher=[[wikipedia:The New York Times|The New York Times]] |title=A.I. Researchers Leave Elon Musk Lab to Begin Robotics Start-Up |author=Cade Metz |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2017 || {{dts|December}} || Publication || The 2017 AI Index is published. OpenAI contributed to the report.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/12/1/16723238/ai-artificial-intelligence-progress-index |date=December 1, 2017 |publisher=The Verge |title=Artificial intelligence isn't as clever as we think, but that doesn't stop it being a threat |first=James |last=Vincent |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref> | | 2017 || {{dts|December}} || Publication || The 2017 AI Index is published. OpenAI contributed to the report.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/12/1/16723238/ai-artificial-intelligence-progress-index |date=December 1, 2017 |publisher=The Verge |title=Artificial intelligence isn't as clever as we think, but that doesn't stop it being a threat |first=James |last=Vincent |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2017 || {{dts|December}} || Staff || David Luan joins OpenAi as Director of Engineering.<ref>{{cite web |title=David Luan |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/jluan/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|January}} || Staff || Christy Dennison joins OpenAi as Machine Learning Engineer.<ref>{{cite web |title=Christy Dennison |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/christydennison/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|January}} || Staff || David Farhi joins OpenAi as Researcher.<ref>{{cite web |title=David Farhi |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/david-farhi-13824175/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|January}} || Staff || Mathew Shrwed joins OpenAi as Software Engineer.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mathew Shrwed |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/mshrwed/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2018 || {{dts|February 20}} || Publication || The report "The Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence: Forecasting, Prevention, and Mitigation" is published. The report forecasts malicious use of artificial intelligence in the short term and makes recommendations on how to mitigate these risks from AI. The report is authored by individuals at Future of Humanity Institute, Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, OpenAI, Electronic Frontier Foundation, Center for a New American Security, and other institutions.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.07228 |title=[1802.07228] The Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence: Forecasting, Prevention, and Mitigation |accessdate=February 24, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/preparing-for-malicious-uses-of-ai/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=Preparing for Malicious Uses of AI |date=February 21, 2018 |accessdate=February 24, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://maliciousaireport.com/ |author=Malicious AI Report |publisher=Malicious AI Report |title=The Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence |accessdate=February 24, 2018}}</ref><ref name="musk-leaves" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wired.com/story/why-artificial-intelligence-researchers-should-be-more-paranoid/ |title=Why Artificial Intelligence Researchers Should Be More Paranoid |first=Tom |last=Simonite |publisher=[[wikipedia:WIRED|WIRED]] |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref> | | 2018 || {{dts|February 20}} || Publication || The report "The Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence: Forecasting, Prevention, and Mitigation" is published. The report forecasts malicious use of artificial intelligence in the short term and makes recommendations on how to mitigate these risks from AI. The report is authored by individuals at Future of Humanity Institute, Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, OpenAI, Electronic Frontier Foundation, Center for a New American Security, and other institutions.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.07228 |title=[1802.07228] The Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence: Forecasting, Prevention, and Mitigation |accessdate=February 24, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/preparing-for-malicious-uses-of-ai/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=Preparing for Malicious Uses of AI |date=February 21, 2018 |accessdate=February 24, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://maliciousaireport.com/ |author=Malicious AI Report |publisher=Malicious AI Report |title=The Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence |accessdate=February 24, 2018}}</ref><ref name="musk-leaves" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wired.com/story/why-artificial-intelligence-researchers-should-be-more-paranoid/ |title=Why Artificial Intelligence Researchers Should Be More Paranoid |first=Tom |last=Simonite |publisher=[[wikipedia:WIRED|WIRED]] |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2018 || {{dts|February 20}} || Donation || OpenAI announces changes in donors and advisors. New donors are: {{W|Jed McCaleb}}, {{W|Gabe Newell}}, {{W|Michael Seibel}}, {{W|Jaan Tallinn}}, and {{W|Ashton Eaton}} and {{W|Brianne Theisen-Eaton}}. {{W|Reid Hoffman}} is "significantly increasing his contribution". Pieter Abbeel (previously at OpenAI), {{W|Julia Galef}}, and Maran Nelson become advisors. {{W|Elon Musk}} departs the board but remains as a donor and advisor.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/openai-supporters/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=OpenAI Supporters |date=February 21, 2018 |accessdate=March 1, 2018}}</ref><ref name="musk-leaves">{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/2/21/17036214/elon-musk-openai-ai-safety-leaves-board |date=February 21, 2018 |publisher=The Verge |title=Elon Musk leaves board of AI safety group to avoid conflict of interest with Tesla |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref> | | 2018 || {{dts|February 20}} || Donation || OpenAI announces changes in donors and advisors. New donors are: {{W|Jed McCaleb}}, {{W|Gabe Newell}}, {{W|Michael Seibel}}, {{W|Jaan Tallinn}}, and {{W|Ashton Eaton}} and {{W|Brianne Theisen-Eaton}}. {{W|Reid Hoffman}} is "significantly increasing his contribution". Pieter Abbeel (previously at OpenAI), {{W|Julia Galef}}, and Maran Nelson become advisors. {{W|Elon Musk}} departs the board but remains as a donor and advisor.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/openai-supporters/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=OpenAI Supporters |date=February 21, 2018 |accessdate=March 1, 2018}}</ref><ref name="musk-leaves">{{cite web |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/2/21/17036214/elon-musk-openai-ai-safety-leaves-board |date=February 21, 2018 |publisher=The Verge |title=Elon Musk leaves board of AI safety group to avoid conflict of interest with Tesla |accessdate=March 2, 2018}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|February}} || Staff || Lilian Weng joins OpenAi as Research Scientist.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lilian Weng |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/lilianweng/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2018 || {{dts|March 3}} || Event host || OpenAI hosts its first hackathon. Applicants include high schoolers, industry practitioners, engineers, researchers at universities, and others, with interests spanning healthcare to {{w|AGI}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/hackathon/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=OpenAI Hackathon |date=February 24, 2018 |accessdate=March 1, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/hackathon-follow-up/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=Report from the OpenAI Hackathon |date=March 15, 2018 |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | | 2018 || {{dts|March 3}} || Event host || OpenAI hosts its first hackathon. Applicants include high schoolers, industry practitioners, engineers, researchers at universities, and others, with interests spanning healthcare to {{w|AGI}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/hackathon/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=OpenAI Hackathon |date=February 24, 2018 |accessdate=March 1, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/hackathon-follow-up/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=Report from the OpenAI Hackathon |date=March 15, 2018 |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|March}} || Staff || Diane Yoon joins OpenAI as Operations Manager.<ref>{{cite web |title=Diane Yoon |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/diane-yoon-a0a8911b/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2018 || {{Dts|April 5}}{{snd}}June 5 || Event host || The OpenAI Retro Contest takes place.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://contest.openai.com/ |title=OpenAI Retro Contest |publisher=OpenAI |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/retro-contest/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=Retro Contest |date=April 13, 2018 |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> As a result of the release of the Gym Retro library, OpenAI's Universe become deprecated.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://github.com/openai/universe/commit/cc9ce6ec241821bfb0f3b85dd455bd36e4ee7a8c |publisher=GitHub |title=openai/universe |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | | 2018 || {{Dts|April 5}}{{snd}}June 5 || Event host || The OpenAI Retro Contest takes place.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://contest.openai.com/ |title=OpenAI Retro Contest |publisher=OpenAI |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/retro-contest/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=Retro Contest |date=April 13, 2018 |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> As a result of the release of the Gym Retro library, OpenAI's Universe become deprecated.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://github.com/openai/universe/commit/cc9ce6ec241821bfb0f3b85dd455bd36e4ee7a8c |publisher=GitHub |title=openai/universe |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | ||
Line 96: | Line 136: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2018 || {{Dts|April 19}} || Financial || ''{{W|The New York Times}}'' publishes a story detailing the salaries of researchers at OpenAI, using information from OpenAI's 2016 {{W|Form 990}}. The salaries include $1.9 million paid to {{W|Ilya Sutskever}} and $800,000 paid to {{W|Ian Goodfellow}} (hired in March of that year).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/19/technology/artificial-intelligence-salaries-openai.html |date=April 19, 2018 |publisher=[[wikipedia:The New York Times|The New York Times]] |title=A.I. Researchers Are Making More Than $1 Million, Even at a Nonprofit |author=Cade Metz |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reddit.com/r/reinforcementlearning/comments/8di9yt/ai_researchers_are_making_more_than_1_million/dxnc76j/ |publisher=reddit |title="A.I. Researchers Are Making More Than $1 Million, Even at a Nonprofit [OpenAI]" • r/reinforcementlearning |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16880447 |title=gwern comments on A.I. Researchers Are Making More Than $1M, Even at a Nonprofit |website=Hacker News |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | | 2018 || {{Dts|April 19}} || Financial || ''{{W|The New York Times}}'' publishes a story detailing the salaries of researchers at OpenAI, using information from OpenAI's 2016 {{W|Form 990}}. The salaries include $1.9 million paid to {{W|Ilya Sutskever}} and $800,000 paid to {{W|Ian Goodfellow}} (hired in March of that year).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/19/technology/artificial-intelligence-salaries-openai.html |date=April 19, 2018 |publisher=[[wikipedia:The New York Times|The New York Times]] |title=A.I. Researchers Are Making More Than $1 Million, Even at a Nonprofit |author=Cade Metz |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reddit.com/r/reinforcementlearning/comments/8di9yt/ai_researchers_are_making_more_than_1_million/dxnc76j/ |publisher=reddit |title="A.I. Researchers Are Making More Than $1 Million, Even at a Nonprofit [OpenAI]" • r/reinforcementlearning |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16880447 |title=gwern comments on A.I. Researchers Are Making More Than $1M, Even at a Nonprofit |website=Hacker News |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|April}} || Staff || Peter Zhokhov joins OpenAi as Member of the Technical Staff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Peter Zhokhov |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/peter-zhokhov-b68525b3/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2018 || {{Dts|May 2}} || Publication || The paper "AI safety via debate" by Geoffrey Irving, Paul Christiano, and Dario Amodei is uploaded to the arXiv.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.00899 |title=[1805.00899] AI safety via debate |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/debate/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=AI Safety via Debate |date=May 3, 2018 |first1=Geoffrey |last1=Irving |first2=Dario |last2=Amodei |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | | 2018 || {{Dts|May 2}} || Publication || The paper "AI safety via debate" by Geoffrey Irving, Paul Christiano, and Dario Amodei is uploaded to the arXiv.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.00899 |title=[1805.00899] AI safety via debate |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://blog.openai.com/debate/ |publisher=OpenAI Blog |title=AI Safety via Debate |date=May 3, 2018 |first1=Geoffrey |last1=Irving |first2=Dario |last2=Amodei |accessdate=May 5, 2018}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|May}} || Staff || Susan Zhang joins OpenAi as Research Engineer.<ref>{{cite web |title=Susan Zhang |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/suchenzang/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|May}} || Staff || Daniel Ziegler joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Daniel Ziegler |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/daniel-ziegler-b4b61882/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=29 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2018 || {{Dts|June 25}} || AI development || OpenAI announces set of AI algorithms able to hold their own as a team of five and defeat human amateur players at {{w|Dota 2}}, a multiplayer online battle arena video game popular in e-sports for its complexity and necessity for teamwork.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gershgorn |first1=Dave |title=OpenAI built gaming bots that can work as a team with inhuman precision |url=https://qz.com/1311732/openai-built-gaming-bots-that-can-work-as-a-team-with-inhuman-precision/ |website=qz.com |accessdate=14 June 2019}}</ref> In the algorithmic A team, called OpenAI Five, each algorithm uses a {{w|neural network}} to learn both how to play the game, and how to cooperate with its AI teammates.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Knight |first1=Will |title=A team of AI algorithms just crushed humans in a complex computer game |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/s/611536/a-team-of-ai-algorithms-just-crushed-expert-humans-in-a-complex-computer-game/ |website=technologyreview.com |accessdate=14 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI’s bot can now defeat skilled Dota 2 teams |url=https://venturebeat.com/2018/06/25/openai-trains-ai-to-defeat-teams-of-skilled-dota-2-players/ |website=venturebeat.com |accessdate=14 June 2019}}</ref> | | 2018 || {{Dts|June 25}} || AI development || OpenAI announces set of AI algorithms able to hold their own as a team of five and defeat human amateur players at {{w|Dota 2}}, a multiplayer online battle arena video game popular in e-sports for its complexity and necessity for teamwork.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gershgorn |first1=Dave |title=OpenAI built gaming bots that can work as a team with inhuman precision |url=https://qz.com/1311732/openai-built-gaming-bots-that-can-work-as-a-team-with-inhuman-precision/ |website=qz.com |accessdate=14 June 2019}}</ref> In the algorithmic A team, called OpenAI Five, each algorithm uses a {{w|neural network}} to learn both how to play the game, and how to cooperate with its AI teammates.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Knight |first1=Will |title=A team of AI algorithms just crushed humans in a complex computer game |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/s/611536/a-team-of-ai-algorithms-just-crushed-expert-humans-in-a-complex-computer-game/ |website=technologyreview.com |accessdate=14 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI’s bot can now defeat skilled Dota 2 teams |url=https://venturebeat.com/2018/06/25/openai-trains-ai-to-defeat-teams-of-skilled-dota-2-players/ |website=venturebeat.com |accessdate=14 June 2019}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2018 || {{Dts|June 26}} || Notable comment || {{w|Bill Gates}} comments on {{w|Twitter}}: {{Quote|AI bots just beat humans at the video game Dota 2. That’s a big deal, because their victory required teamwork and collaboration – a huge milestone in advancing artificial intelligence.}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Papadopoulos |first1=Loukia |title=Bill Gates Praises Elon Musk-Founded OpenAI’s Latest Dota 2 Win as “Huge Milestone” in Field |url=https://interestingengineering.com/bill-gates-praises-elon-musk-founded-openais-latest-dota-2-win-as-huge-milestone-in-field |website=interestingengineering.com |accessdate=14 June 2019}}</ref> | | 2018 || {{Dts|June 26}} || Notable comment || {{w|Bill Gates}} comments on {{w|Twitter}}: {{Quote|AI bots just beat humans at the video game Dota 2. That’s a big deal, because their victory required teamwork and collaboration – a huge milestone in advancing artificial intelligence.}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Papadopoulos |first1=Loukia |title=Bill Gates Praises Elon Musk-Founded OpenAI’s Latest Dota 2 Win as “Huge Milestone” in Field |url=https://interestingengineering.com/bill-gates-praises-elon-musk-founded-openais-latest-dota-2-win-as-huge-milestone-in-field |website=interestingengineering.com |accessdate=14 June 2019}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|June}} || Staff || Yilun Du joins OpenAi as Research Fellow.<ref>{{cite web |title=Yilun Du |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/yilun-du-04a831112/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|June}} || Staff || Christine McLeavey Payne joins OpenAi's Deep Learning Scholars Program.<ref>{{cite web |title=Christine McLeavey Payne |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/mcleavey/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|June}} || Staff || Johannes Otterbach joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff (Fellow).<ref>{{cite web |title=Johannes Otterbach |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/jotterbach/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|June}} || Staff || Karl Cobbe joins OpenAi as Machine Learning Fellow.<ref>{{cite web |title=Karl Cobbe |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/kcobbe/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2018 || {{Dts|July 18}} || Commitment || {{w|Elon Musk}}, along with other tech leaders, sign a pledge promising to not develop “lethal autonomous weapons.” They also call on governments to institute laws against such technology. The pledge is organized by the {{w|Future of Life Institute}}, an outreach group focused on tackling existential risks.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Vincent |first1=James |title=Elon Musk, DeepMind founders, and others sign pledge to not develop lethal AI weapon systems |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/7/18/17582570/ai-weapons-pledge-elon-musk-deepmind-founders-future-of-life-institute |website=theverge.com |accessdate=1 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Locklear |first1=Mallory |title=DeepMind, Elon Musk and others pledge not to make autonomous AI weapons |url=https://www.engadget.com/2018/07/18/deepmind-elon-musk-pledge-autonomous-ai-weapons/ |website=engadget.com |accessdate=1 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Quach |first1=Katyanna |title=Elon Musk, his arch nemesis DeepMind swear off AI weapons |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/07/19/keep_ai_nonlethal/ |website=theregister.co.uk |accessdate=1 June 2019}}</ref> | | 2018 || {{Dts|July 18}} || Commitment || {{w|Elon Musk}}, along with other tech leaders, sign a pledge promising to not develop “lethal autonomous weapons.” They also call on governments to institute laws against such technology. The pledge is organized by the {{w|Future of Life Institute}}, an outreach group focused on tackling existential risks.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Vincent |first1=James |title=Elon Musk, DeepMind founders, and others sign pledge to not develop lethal AI weapon systems |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/7/18/17582570/ai-weapons-pledge-elon-musk-deepmind-founders-future-of-life-institute |website=theverge.com |accessdate=1 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Locklear |first1=Mallory |title=DeepMind, Elon Musk and others pledge not to make autonomous AI weapons |url=https://www.engadget.com/2018/07/18/deepmind-elon-musk-pledge-autonomous-ai-weapons/ |website=engadget.com |accessdate=1 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Quach |first1=Katyanna |title=Elon Musk, his arch nemesis DeepMind swear off AI weapons |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/07/19/keep_ai_nonlethal/ |website=theregister.co.uk |accessdate=1 June 2019}}</ref> | ||
Line 108: | Line 162: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2018 || {{Dts|August 7}} || Achievement || Algorithmic team OpenAI Five defeats a team of semi-professional {{w|Dota 2}} players ranked in the 99.95th percentile in the world, in their second public match in the traditional five-versus-five settings, hosted in {{w|San Francisco}}.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Whitwam |first1=Ryan |title=OpenAI Bots Crush the Best Human Dota 2 Players in the World |url=https://www.extremetech.com/gaming/274907-openai-bots-crush-the-best-human-dota-2-players-in-the-world |website=extremetech.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Quach |first1=Katyanna |title=OpenAI bots thrash team of Dota 2 semi-pros, set eyes on mega-tourney |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/08/06/openai_bots_dota_2_semipros/ |website=theregister.co.uk |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Savov |first1=Vlad |title=The OpenAI Dota 2 bots just defeated a team of former pros |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/6/17655086/dota2-openai-bots-professional-gaming-ai |website=theverge.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Rigg |first1=Jamie |title=‘Dota 2’ veterans steamrolled by AI team in exhibition match |url=https://www.engadget.com/2018/08/06/openai-five-dumpsters-dota-2-veterans/ |website=engadget.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref> | | 2018 || {{Dts|August 7}} || Achievement || Algorithmic team OpenAI Five defeats a team of semi-professional {{w|Dota 2}} players ranked in the 99.95th percentile in the world, in their second public match in the traditional five-versus-five settings, hosted in {{w|San Francisco}}.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Whitwam |first1=Ryan |title=OpenAI Bots Crush the Best Human Dota 2 Players in the World |url=https://www.extremetech.com/gaming/274907-openai-bots-crush-the-best-human-dota-2-players-in-the-world |website=extremetech.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Quach |first1=Katyanna |title=OpenAI bots thrash team of Dota 2 semi-pros, set eyes on mega-tourney |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/08/06/openai_bots_dota_2_semipros/ |website=theregister.co.uk |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Savov |first1=Vlad |title=The OpenAI Dota 2 bots just defeated a team of former pros |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/6/17655086/dota2-openai-bots-professional-gaming-ai |website=theverge.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Rigg |first1=Jamie |title=‘Dota 2’ veterans steamrolled by AI team in exhibition match |url=https://www.engadget.com/2018/08/06/openai-five-dumpsters-dota-2-veterans/ |website=engadget.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|August}} || Staff || Ingmar Kanitscheider joins OpenAi as Research Scientist.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ingmar Kanitscheider |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/ingmar-kanitscheider-148620127/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|August}} || Staff || Miles Brundage joins OpenAi as Research Scientist (Policy).<ref>{{cite web |title=Miles Brundage |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/miles-brundage-49b62a4/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|August}} || Staff || Jeffrey Wu joins OpenAi as Member of Technical Staff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jeffrey Wu |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/wu-the-jeff/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=29 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|September}} || Staff || Christopher Olah joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Christopher Olah |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/christopher-olah-b574414a/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|September}} || Staff || Taehoon Kim joins OpenAi as Research Engineer.<ref>{{cite web |title=Taehoon Kim |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/carpedm20/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=29 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{Dts|October}} || Staff || Daniela Amodei joins OpenAi as NLP Team Manager and Head of People Operations.<ref>{{cite web |title=Daniela Amodei |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/daniela-amodei-790bb22a/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|October}} || Staff || Lei Zhang joins OpenAi as Research Fellow.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lei Zhang |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/lei-zhang-34a60910/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|October}} || Staff || Mark Chen joins OpenAi as Research Scientist.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mark Chen |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/markchen90/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2018 || {{Dts|November 1}} || Publication || OpenAI publishes research paper detailing AI able to defeat humans at the retro platformer [[w:Montezuma's Revenge (video game)|Montezuma’s Revenge]]. The top-performing iteration found 22 of the 24 rooms in the first level, and occasionally discovered all 24.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wiggers |first1=Kyle |title=OpenAI made a system that’s better at Montezuma’s Revenge than humans |url=https://venturebeat.com/2018/11/01/openai-made-a-system-thats-better-at-montezumas-revenge-than-humans/ |website=venturebeat.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Vincent |first1=James |title=New research from OpenAI uses curious AI to beat video games |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/11/1/18051196/ai-artificial-intelligence-curiosity-openai-montezumas-revenge-noisy-tv-problem |website=theverge.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref> | | 2018 || {{Dts|November 1}} || Publication || OpenAI publishes research paper detailing AI able to defeat humans at the retro platformer [[w:Montezuma's Revenge (video game)|Montezuma’s Revenge]]. The top-performing iteration found 22 of the 24 rooms in the first level, and occasionally discovered all 24.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wiggers |first1=Kyle |title=OpenAI made a system that’s better at Montezuma’s Revenge than humans |url=https://venturebeat.com/2018/11/01/openai-made-a-system-thats-better-at-montezumas-revenge-than-humans/ |website=venturebeat.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Vincent |first1=James |title=New research from OpenAI uses curious AI to beat video games |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/11/1/18051196/ai-artificial-intelligence-curiosity-openai-montezumas-revenge-noisy-tv-problem |website=theverge.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref> | ||
Line 114: | Line 184: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2018 || {{Dts|November 9}} || Notable comment || {{w|Ilya Sutskever}} gives speech at the AI Frontiers Conference in {{w|San Jose}}, and declares: {{Quote|We (OpenAI) have reviewed progress in the field over the past six years. Our conclusion is near term AGI should be taken as a serious possibility.}}<ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI Founder: Short-Term AGI Is a Serious Possibility |url=https://syncedreview.com/2018/11/13/openai-founder-short-term-agi-is-a-serious-possibility/ |website=syncedreview.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref> | | 2018 || {{Dts|November 9}} || Notable comment || {{w|Ilya Sutskever}} gives speech at the AI Frontiers Conference in {{w|San Jose}}, and declares: {{Quote|We (OpenAI) have reviewed progress in the field over the past six years. Our conclusion is near term AGI should be taken as a serious possibility.}}<ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI Founder: Short-Term AGI Is a Serious Possibility |url=https://syncedreview.com/2018/11/13/openai-founder-short-term-agi-is-a-serious-possibility/ |website=syncedreview.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|November 18}} || Staff || Clemens Winter joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Clemens Winter |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/clemens-winter-569887a9/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=29 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2018 || {{Dts|November 19}} || Partnership || OpenAI partners with {{w|DeepMind}} in a new paper that proposes a new method to train {{w|reinforcement learning}} agents in ways that enables them to surpass human performance. The paper, titled ''Reward learning from human preferences and demonstrations in Atari'', introduces a training model that combines human feedback and reward optimization to maximize the knowledge of RL agents.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rodriguez |first1=Jesus |title=What’s New in Deep Learning Research: OpenAI and DeepMind Join Forces to Achieve Superhuman Performance in Reinforcement Learning |url=https://towardsdatascience.com/whats-new-in-deep-learning-research-openai-and-deepmind-join-forces-to-achieve-superhuman-48e7d1accf85 |website=towardsdatascience.com |accessdate=29 June 2019}}</ref> | | 2018 || {{Dts|November 19}} || Partnership || OpenAI partners with {{w|DeepMind}} in a new paper that proposes a new method to train {{w|reinforcement learning}} agents in ways that enables them to surpass human performance. The paper, titled ''Reward learning from human preferences and demonstrations in Atari'', introduces a training model that combines human feedback and reward optimization to maximize the knowledge of RL agents.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rodriguez |first1=Jesus |title=What’s New in Deep Learning Research: OpenAI and DeepMind Join Forces to Achieve Superhuman Performance in Reinforcement Learning |url=https://towardsdatascience.com/whats-new-in-deep-learning-research-openai-and-deepmind-join-forces-to-achieve-superhuman-48e7d1accf85 |website=towardsdatascience.com |accessdate=29 June 2019}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 2018 || {{Dts|December 6}} || || | + | | 2018 || {{dts|November}} || Staff || Amanda Askell joins OpenAi as Research Scientist (Policy).<ref>{{cite web |title=Amanda Askell |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/amanda-askell-1ab457175/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{Dts|December 6}} || || OpenAI publishes CoinRun, which is designed to test the adaptability of reinforcement learning agents.<ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI teaches AI teamwork by playing hide-and-seek |url=https://venturebeat.com/2019/09/17/openai-and-deepmind-teach-ai-to-work-as-a-team-by-playing-hide-and-seek/ |website=venturebeat.com |accessdate=24 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI’s CoinRun tests the adaptability of reinforcement learning agents |url=https://venturebeat.com/2018/12/06/openais-coinrun-tests-the-adaptability-of-reinforcement-learning-agents/ |website=venturebeat.com |accessdate=24 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2018 || {{dts|December}} || Staff || Mateusz Litwin joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mateusz Litwin |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/mateusz-litwin-06b3a919/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2019 || {{dts|January}} || Staff || Bianca Martin joins OpenAi as Special Projects Manager.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bianca Martin |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/biancamartin1/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2019 || {{Dts|February 14}} || AI development || OpenAI unveils its language-generating system called GPT-2, a system able to write the news, answer reading comprehension problems, and is beginning to show promise at tasks like translation.<ref>{{cite web |title=An AI helped us write this article |url=https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/2/14/18222270/artificial-intelligence-open-ai-natural-language-processing |website=vox.com |accessdate=28 June 2019}}</ref> However, the data or the parameters of the model are not released, under expressed concerns about potential abuse.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lowe |first1=Ryan |title=OpenAI’s GPT-2: the model, the hype, and the controversy |url=https://towardsdatascience.com/openais-gpt-2-the-model-the-hype-and-the-controversy-1109f4bfd5e8 |website=towardsdatascience.com |accessdate=10 July 2019}}</ref> | | 2019 || {{Dts|February 14}} || AI development || OpenAI unveils its language-generating system called GPT-2, a system able to write the news, answer reading comprehension problems, and is beginning to show promise at tasks like translation.<ref>{{cite web |title=An AI helped us write this article |url=https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/2/14/18222270/artificial-intelligence-open-ai-natural-language-processing |website=vox.com |accessdate=28 June 2019}}</ref> However, the data or the parameters of the model are not released, under expressed concerns about potential abuse.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lowe |first1=Ryan |title=OpenAI’s GPT-2: the model, the hype, and the controversy |url=https://towardsdatascience.com/openais-gpt-2-the-model-the-hype-and-the-controversy-1109f4bfd5e8 |website=towardsdatascience.com |accessdate=10 July 2019}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2019 || {{dts|February}} || Staff || Danny Hernandez joins OpenAi as Research Scientist.<ref>{{cite web |title=Danny Hernandez |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/danny-hernandez-2b748823/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2019 || {{Dts|March 11}} || Organization || OpenAI announces the creation of OpenAI LP, a new “capped-profit” company owned and controlled by the OpenAI nonprofit organization’s board of directors. The new company is purposed to allow OpenAI to rapidly increase their investments in compute and talent while including checks and balances to actualize their mission.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Johnson |first1=Khari |title=OpenAI launches new company for funding safe artificial general intelligence |url=https://venturebeat.com/2019/03/11/openai-launches-new-company-for-funding-safe-artificial-general-intelligence/ |website=venturebeat.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Trazzi |first1=Michaël |title=Considerateness in OpenAI LP Debate |url=https://medium.com/@MichaelTrazzi/considerateness-in-openai-lp-debate-6eb3bf4c5341 |website=medium.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref> | | 2019 || {{Dts|March 11}} || Organization || OpenAI announces the creation of OpenAI LP, a new “capped-profit” company owned and controlled by the OpenAI nonprofit organization’s board of directors. The new company is purposed to allow OpenAI to rapidly increase their investments in compute and talent while including checks and balances to actualize their mission.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Johnson |first1=Khari |title=OpenAI launches new company for funding safe artificial general intelligence |url=https://venturebeat.com/2019/03/11/openai-launches-new-company-for-funding-safe-artificial-general-intelligence/ |website=venturebeat.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Trazzi |first1=Michaël |title=Considerateness in OpenAI LP Debate |url=https://medium.com/@MichaelTrazzi/considerateness-in-openai-lp-debate-6eb3bf4c5341 |website=medium.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2019 || {{dts|March}} || Staff || Ilge Akkaya joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ilge Akkaya |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/ilge-akkaya-311b4631/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2019 || {{Dts|March}} || Staff || {{w|Sam Altman}} leaves his role as the president of {{w|Y Combinator}} to become the {{w|Chief executive officer}} of OpenAI.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sam Altman’s leap of faith |url=https://techcrunch.com/2019/05/18/sam-altmans-leap-of-faith/ |website=techcrunch.com |accessdate=24 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Y Combinator president Sam Altman is stepping down amid a series of changes at the accelerator |url=https://techcrunch.com/2019/03/08/y-combinator-president-sam-altman-is-stepping-down-amid-a-series-of-changes-at-the-accelerator/ |website=techcrunch.com |accessdate=24 February 2020}}</ref> | | 2019 || {{Dts|March}} || Staff || {{w|Sam Altman}} leaves his role as the president of {{w|Y Combinator}} to become the {{w|Chief executive officer}} of OpenAI.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sam Altman’s leap of faith |url=https://techcrunch.com/2019/05/18/sam-altmans-leap-of-faith/ |website=techcrunch.com |accessdate=24 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Y Combinator president Sam Altman is stepping down amid a series of changes at the accelerator |url=https://techcrunch.com/2019/03/08/y-combinator-president-sam-altman-is-stepping-down-amid-a-series-of-changes-at-the-accelerator/ |website=techcrunch.com |accessdate=24 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2019 || {{dts|March}} || Staff || Alex Paino joins OpenAi as Member of Technical Staff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Alex Paino |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/atpaino/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2019 || {{dts|March}} || Staff || Karson Elmgren joins OpenAi at People Operations.<ref>{{cite web |title=Karson Elmgren |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/karson-elmgren-32417732/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=29 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2019 || {{Dts|April 23}} || AI development || OpenAI announces Sparse Transformers, a deep neural network for learning sequences of data, including text, sound, and images. It utilizes an improved algorithm based on the attention mechanism, being able to extract patterns from sequences 30 times longer than possible previously.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Alford |first1=Anthony |title=OpenAI Introduces Sparse Transformers for Deep Learning of Longer Sequences |url=https://www.infoq.com/news/2019/05/openai-sparse-transformers/ |website=infoq.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI Sparse Transformer Improves Predictable Sequence Length by 30x |url=https://medium.com/syncedreview/openai-sparse-transformer-improves-predictable-sequence-length-by-30x-5a65ef2592b9 |website=medium.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Generative Modeling with Sparse Transformers |url=https://openai.com/blog/sparse-transformer/ |website=openai.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref> | | 2019 || {{Dts|April 23}} || AI development || OpenAI announces Sparse Transformers, a deep neural network for learning sequences of data, including text, sound, and images. It utilizes an improved algorithm based on the attention mechanism, being able to extract patterns from sequences 30 times longer than possible previously.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Alford |first1=Anthony |title=OpenAI Introduces Sparse Transformers for Deep Learning of Longer Sequences |url=https://www.infoq.com/news/2019/05/openai-sparse-transformers/ |website=infoq.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI Sparse Transformer Improves Predictable Sequence Length by 30x |url=https://medium.com/syncedreview/openai-sparse-transformer-improves-predictable-sequence-length-by-30x-5a65ef2592b9 |website=medium.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Generative Modeling with Sparse Transformers |url=https://openai.com/blog/sparse-transformer/ |website=openai.com |accessdate=15 June 2019}}</ref> | ||
Line 130: | Line 216: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2019 || {{Dts|April 27}} || Event host || OpenAI hosts the OpenAI Robotics Symposium 2019.<ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI Robotics Symposium 2019 |url=https://openai.com/blog/symposium-2019/ |website=openai.com |accessdate=14 June 2019}}</ref> | | 2019 || {{Dts|April 27}} || Event host || OpenAI hosts the OpenAI Robotics Symposium 2019.<ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI Robotics Symposium 2019 |url=https://openai.com/blog/symposium-2019/ |website=openai.com |accessdate=14 June 2019}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2019 || {{dts|April}} || Staff || Todor Markov joins OpenAi as Machine Learning Researcher.<ref>{{cite web |title=Todor Markov |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/todor-markov-4aa38a67/ |website=linkedin.com/ |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2019 || {{Dts|May}} || AI development || OpenAI releases a limited version of its language-generating system GPT-2. This version is more powerful (though still significantly limited compared to the whole thing) than the extremely restricted initial release of the system, citing concerns that it’d be abused.<ref>{{cite web |title=A poetry-writing AI has just been unveiled. It’s ... pretty good. |url=https://www.vox.com/2019/5/15/18623134/openai-language-ai-gpt2-poetry-try-it |website=vox.com |accessdate=11 July 2019}}</ref> The potential of the new system is recognized by various experts.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Vincent |first1=James |title=AND OpenAi's new multitalented AI writes, translates, and slanders |url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/2/14/18224704/ai-machine-learning-language-models-read-write-openai-gpt2 |website=theverge.com |accessdate=11 July 2019}}</ref> | | 2019 || {{Dts|May}} || AI development || OpenAI releases a limited version of its language-generating system GPT-2. This version is more powerful (though still significantly limited compared to the whole thing) than the extremely restricted initial release of the system, citing concerns that it’d be abused.<ref>{{cite web |title=A poetry-writing AI has just been unveiled. It’s ... pretty good. |url=https://www.vox.com/2019/5/15/18623134/openai-language-ai-gpt2-poetry-try-it |website=vox.com |accessdate=11 July 2019}}</ref> The potential of the new system is recognized by various experts.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Vincent |first1=James |title=AND OpenAi's new multitalented AI writes, translates, and slanders |url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/2/14/18224704/ai-machine-learning-language-models-read-write-openai-gpt2 |website=theverge.com |accessdate=11 July 2019}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2019 || {{dts|June}} || Staff || Long Ouyang joins OpenAi as Research Scientist.<ref>{{cite web |title=Long Ouyang |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/longouyang/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2019 || {{dts|July 22}} || Partnership || OpenAI announces an exclusive partnership with {{w|Microsoft}}. As part of the partnership, Microsoft invests $1 billion in OpenAI, and OpenAI switches to exclusively using {{w|Microsoft Azure}} (Microsoft's cloud solution) as the platform on which it will develop its AI tools. Microsoft will also be OpenAI's "preferred partner for commercializing new AI technologies."<ref>{{cite web|url = https://openai.com/blog/microsoft/|title = Microsoft Invests In and Partners with OpenAI to Support Us Building Beneficial AGI|date = July 22, 2019|accessdate = July 26, 2019|publisher = OpenAI}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = https://news.microsoft.com/2019/07/22/openai-forms-exclusive-computing-partnership-with-microsoft-to-build-new-azure-ai-supercomputing-technologies/|title = OpenAI forms exclusive computing partnership with Microsoft to build new Azure AI supercomputing technologies|date = July 22, 2019|accessdate = July 26, 2019|publisher = Microsoft}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.businessinsider.com/microsoft-openai-artificial-general-intelligence-investment-2019-7|title = Microsoft is investing $1 billion in OpenAI, the Elon Musk-founded company that's trying to build human-like artificial intelligence|last = Chan|first= Rosalie|date = July 22, 2019|accessdate = July 26, 2019|publisher = Business Insider}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.forbes.com/sites/mohanbirsawhney/2019/07/24/the-real-reasons-microsoft-invested-in-openai/|title = The Real Reasons Microsoft Invested In OpenAI|last = Sawhney|first = Mohanbir|date = July 24, 2019|accessdate = July 26, 2019|publisher = Forbes}}</ref> | | 2019 || {{dts|July 22}} || Partnership || OpenAI announces an exclusive partnership with {{w|Microsoft}}. As part of the partnership, Microsoft invests $1 billion in OpenAI, and OpenAI switches to exclusively using {{w|Microsoft Azure}} (Microsoft's cloud solution) as the platform on which it will develop its AI tools. Microsoft will also be OpenAI's "preferred partner for commercializing new AI technologies."<ref>{{cite web|url = https://openai.com/blog/microsoft/|title = Microsoft Invests In and Partners with OpenAI to Support Us Building Beneficial AGI|date = July 22, 2019|accessdate = July 26, 2019|publisher = OpenAI}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = https://news.microsoft.com/2019/07/22/openai-forms-exclusive-computing-partnership-with-microsoft-to-build-new-azure-ai-supercomputing-technologies/|title = OpenAI forms exclusive computing partnership with Microsoft to build new Azure AI supercomputing technologies|date = July 22, 2019|accessdate = July 26, 2019|publisher = Microsoft}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.businessinsider.com/microsoft-openai-artificial-general-intelligence-investment-2019-7|title = Microsoft is investing $1 billion in OpenAI, the Elon Musk-founded company that's trying to build human-like artificial intelligence|last = Chan|first= Rosalie|date = July 22, 2019|accessdate = July 26, 2019|publisher = Business Insider}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.forbes.com/sites/mohanbirsawhney/2019/07/24/the-real-reasons-microsoft-invested-in-openai/|title = The Real Reasons Microsoft Invested In OpenAI|last = Sawhney|first = Mohanbir|date = July 24, 2019|accessdate = July 26, 2019|publisher = Forbes}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2019 || {{dts|July}} || Staff || Irene Solaiman joins OpenAi as Policy Researcher.<ref>{{cite web |title=Irene Solaiman |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/irene-solaiman/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2019 || {{dts|August 20}} || || OpenAI announces plan to release a version of its language-generating system GPT-2, which stirred controversy after it release in February.<ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI releases curtailed version of GPT-2 language model |url=https://venturebeat.com/2019/08/20/openai-releases-curtailed-version-of-gpt-2-language-model/ |website=venturebeat.com |accessdate=24 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI Just Released an Even Scarier Fake News-Writing Algorithm |url=https://interestingengineering.com/openai-just-released-an-even-scarier-fake-news-writing-algorithm |website=interestingengineering.com |accessdate=24 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=OPENAI JUST RELEASED A NEW VERSION OF ITS FAKE NEWS-WRITING AI |url=https://futurism.com/the-byte/openai-new-version-writing-ai |website=futurism.com |accessdate=24 February 2020}}</ref> | | 2019 || {{dts|August 20}} || || OpenAI announces plan to release a version of its language-generating system GPT-2, which stirred controversy after it release in February.<ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI releases curtailed version of GPT-2 language model |url=https://venturebeat.com/2019/08/20/openai-releases-curtailed-version-of-gpt-2-language-model/ |website=venturebeat.com |accessdate=24 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI Just Released an Even Scarier Fake News-Writing Algorithm |url=https://interestingengineering.com/openai-just-released-an-even-scarier-fake-news-writing-algorithm |website=interestingengineering.com |accessdate=24 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=OPENAI JUST RELEASED A NEW VERSION OF ITS FAKE NEWS-WRITING AI |url=https://futurism.com/the-byte/openai-new-version-writing-ai |website=futurism.com |accessdate=24 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2019 || {{dts|August}} || Staff || Melanie Subbiah joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Melanie Subbiah |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/melanie-subbiah-7b702a8a/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2019 || {{dts|August}} || Staff || Cullen O'Keefe joins OpenAi as Research Scientist (Policy).<ref>{{cite web |title=Cullen O'Keefe |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/ccokeefe-law/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | 2019 || {{dts|November}} || Staff || Ryan Lowe joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ryan Lowe |url=https://www.linkedin.com/in/ryan-lowe-ab67a267/ |website=linkedin.com |accessdate=28 February 2020}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2020 || {{dts|January 30}} || || "OpenAI sets PyTorch as its new standard deep learning framework"<ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI sets PyTorch as its new standard deep learning framework |url=https://jaxenter.com/openai-pytorch-deep-learning-framework-167641.html |website=jaxenter.com |accessdate=23 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI goes all-in on Facebook’s Pytorch machine learning framework |url=https://venturebeat.com/2020/01/30/openai-facebook-pytorch-google-tensorflow/ |website=venturebeat.com |accessdate=23 February 2020}}</ref> | | 2020 || {{dts|January 30}} || || "OpenAI sets PyTorch as its new standard deep learning framework"<ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI sets PyTorch as its new standard deep learning framework |url=https://jaxenter.com/openai-pytorch-deep-learning-framework-167641.html |website=jaxenter.com |accessdate=23 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=OpenAI goes all-in on Facebook’s Pytorch machine learning framework |url=https://venturebeat.com/2020/01/30/openai-facebook-pytorch-google-tensorflow/ |website=venturebeat.com |accessdate=23 February 2020}}</ref> |
Revision as of 19:20, 28 February 2020
This is a timeline of OpenAI. OpenAI is a non-profit safety-conscious artificial intelligence capabilities company.
Contents
Big picture
Time period | Development summary | More details |
---|---|---|
2014–2015 | Background | Nick Bostrom's book Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies, about the dangers of superhuman machine intelligence, is published. Soon after the book's publication, Elon Musk and Sam Altman, the two people who would become co-chairs and initial donors of OpenAI, publicly state their concern of superhuman machine intelligence. |
2015 | Establishment | OpenAI is founded as a nonprofit and begins producing research. |
2019 | Restructure | OpenAI shifts from nonprofit to ‘capped-profit’ with the purpose to attract capital. |
Full timeline
Year | Month and date | Event type | Details |
---|---|---|---|
2014 | October 22–24 | Background | During an interview at the AeroAstro Centennial Symposium, Elon Musk, who would later become co-chair of OpenAI, calls artificial intelligence humanity's "biggest existential threat".[1][2] |
2015 | February 25 | Background | Sam Altman, president of Y Combinator who would later become a co-chair of OpenAI, publishes a blog post in which he writes that the development of superhuman AI is "probably the greatest threat to the continued existence of humanity".[3] |
2015 | May 6 | Background | Greg Brockman, who would become CTO of OpenAI, announces in a blog post that he is leaving his role as CTO of Stripe. In the post, in the section "What comes next" he writes "I haven't decided exactly what I'll be building (feel free to ping if you want to chat)".[4][5] |
2015 | June | Background | Sam Altman and Greg Brockman have a conversation about next steps for Brockman.[6] |
2015 | June 4 | Background | At Airbnb's Open Air 2015 conference, Sam Altman, president of Y Combinator who would later become a co-chair of OpenAI, states his concern for advanced artificial intelligence and shares that he recently invested in a company doing AI safety research.[7] |
2015 | July (approximate) | Background | Sam Altman sets up a dinner in Menlo Park, California to talk about starting an organization to do AI research. Attendees include Greg Brockman, Dario Amodei, Chris Olah, Paul Christiano, Ilya Sutskever, and Elon Musk.[6] |
2015 | December 11 | Creation | OpenAI is announced to the public. (The news articles from this period make it sound like OpenAI launched sometime after this date.)[8][9][10] Co-founders include Wojciech Zaremba[11], |
2015 | December | Staff | OpenAI announces Y Combinator founding partner Jessica Livingston as one of its financial backers.[12] |
2016 | January | Staff | Ilya Sutskever joins OpenAI as Research Director.[13] |
2016 | January 9 | Education | The OpenAI research team does an AMA ("ask me anything") on r/MachineLearning, the subreddit dedicated to machine learning.[14] |
2016 | March 31 | Staff | A blog post from this day announces that Ian Goodfellow has joined OpenAI.[15] |
2016 | April 26 | Staff | A blog post from this day announces that Pieter Abbeel has joined OpenAI.[16] |
2016 | April | Staff | Shivon Zilis joins OpenAi as Advisor.[17] |
2016 | April 27 | Software | The public beta of OpenAI Gym, an open source toolkit that provides environments to test AI bots, is released.[18][19][20] |
2016 | June 21 | Publication | "Concrete Problems in AI Safety" is submitted to the arXiv.[21] |
2016 | July | Staff | Dario Amodei joins OpenAI.[22] |
2016 | July 8 | Publication | "Adversarial Examples in the Physical World" is published. One of the authors is Ian Goodfellow, who is at OpenAI at the time.[23] |
2016 | August 15 | Donation | The technology company Nvidia announces that it has donated the first Nvidia DGX-1 (a supercomputer) to OpenAI. OpenAI plans to use the supercomputer to train its AI on a corpus of conversations from Reddit.[24][25][26] |
2016 | September | Staff | Alexander Ray joins OpenAi as Member of Technical Staff.[27] |
2016 | October | Staff | Jack Clark joins OpenAi.[28] |
2016 | October | Staff | OpenAi Research Scientist Harri Edwards joins the organization.[29] |
2016 | November 15 | Partnership | A partnership between OpenAI and Microsoft's artificial intelligence division is announced. As part of the partnership, Microsoft provides a price reduction on computing resources to OpenAI through Microsoft Azure.[30][31] |
2016 | December 5 | Software | OpenAI's Universe, "a software platform for measuring and training an AI's general intelligence across the world's supply of games, websites and other applications", is released.[32][33][34][35] |
2016 | ? | Staff | Tom Brown joins OpenAi as Member of Technical Staff.[36] |
2017 | January | Staff | Paul Christiano joins OpenAI to work on AI alignment.[37] He was previously an intern at OpenAI in 2016.[38] |
2017 | February | Staff | OpenAi Research Scientist Prafulla Dhariwal joins the organization.[39] |
2017 | February | Staff | OpenAi Researcher Jakub Pachocki joins the organization.[40] |
2017 | March | Donation | The Open Philanthropy Project awards a grant of $30 million to OpenAI for general support.[41] The grant initiates a partnership between Open Philanthropy Project and OpenAI, in which Holden Karnofsky (executive director of Open Philanthropy Project) joins OpenAI's board of directors to oversee OpenAI's safety and governance work.[42] The grant is criticized by Maciej Cegłowski[43] and Benjamin Hoffman (who would write the blog post "OpenAI makes humanity less safe")[44][45][46] among others.[47] |
2017 | March | Greg Brockman and a few other core members of OpenAI begin drafting an internal document to lay out a path to artificial general intelligence. As the team studies trends within the field, they realize staying a nonprofit is financially untenable.[48] | |
2017 | March | Staff | Christopher Berner joins OpenAi as Head of Infrastructure.[49] |
2017 | April | Coverage | An article entitled "The People Behind OpenAI" is published on Red Hat's Open Source Stories website, covering work at OpenAI.[50][51][52] |
2017 | April 6 | Coverage | "Learning to Generate Reviews and Discovering Sentiment" is published.[53] |
2017 | April 6 | AI development | OpenAI unveils reuse of an old field called “neuroevolution”, and a subset of algorithms from it called “evolution strategies,” which are aimed at solving optimization problems. In one hour training on an Atari challenge, an algorithm is found to reach a level of mastery that took a reinforcement-learning system published by DeepMind in 2016 a whole day to learn. On the walking problem the system took 10 minutes, compared to 10 hours for DeepMind's approach.[54] |
2017 | April | Staff | Matthias Plappert joins OpenAi as Researcher.[55] |
2017 | May 24 | Software | OpenAI releases Baselines, a set of implementations of reinforcement learning algorithms.[56][57] |
2017 | May | Staff | Kevin Frans joins OpenAi as Research Intern.[58] |
2017 | June 12 | Publication | "Deep reinforcement learning from human preferences" is first uploaded to the arXiv. The paper is a collaboration between researchers at OpenAI and Google DeepMind.[59][60][61] |
2017 | June | Partnership | OpenAi partners with DeepMind’s safety team in the development of an algorithm which can infer what humans want by being told which of two proposed behaviors is better. The learning algorithm uses small amounts of human feedback to solve modern reinforcement learning environments.[62] |
2017 | July | Staff | OpenAi Research Scientist Joshua Achiam joins the organization.[63] |
2017 | August 12 | Achievement | OpenAI's Dota 2 bot beats Danil "Dendi" Ishutin, a professional human player, (and possibly others?) in one-on-one battles.[64][65][66] |
2017 | August 13 | Coverage | The New York Times publishes a story covering the AI safety work (by Dario Amodei, Geoffrey Irving, and Paul Christiano) at OpenAI.[67] |
2017 | September 13 | Publication | "Learning with Opponent-Learning Awareness" is first uploaded to the arXiv.[68][69] |
2017 | September | Staff | OpenAi Research Scientist Bowen Baker joins the organization.[70] |
2017 | October 11 | Software | RoboSumo, a game that simulates sumo wrestling for AI to learn to play, is released.[71][72] |
2017 | October | Staff | Jonathan Raiman joins OpenAi as Research Scientist.[73] |
2017 | November 6 | Staff | The New York Times reports that Pieter Abbeel (a researcher at OpenAI) and three other researchers from Berkeley and OpenAI have left to start their own company called Embodied Intelligence.[74] |
2017 | December | Publication | The 2017 AI Index is published. OpenAI contributed to the report.[75] |
2017 | December | Staff | David Luan joins OpenAi as Director of Engineering.[76] |
2018 | January | Staff | Christy Dennison joins OpenAi as Machine Learning Engineer.[77] |
2018 | January | Staff | David Farhi joins OpenAi as Researcher.[78] |
2018 | January | Staff | Mathew Shrwed joins OpenAi as Software Engineer.[79] |
2018 | February 20 | Publication | The report "The Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence: Forecasting, Prevention, and Mitigation" is published. The report forecasts malicious use of artificial intelligence in the short term and makes recommendations on how to mitigate these risks from AI. The report is authored by individuals at Future of Humanity Institute, Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, OpenAI, Electronic Frontier Foundation, Center for a New American Security, and other institutions.[80][81][82][83][84] |
2018 | February 20 | Donation | OpenAI announces changes in donors and advisors. New donors are: Jed McCaleb, Gabe Newell, Michael Seibel, Jaan Tallinn, and Ashton Eaton and Brianne Theisen-Eaton. Reid Hoffman is "significantly increasing his contribution". Pieter Abbeel (previously at OpenAI), Julia Galef, and Maran Nelson become advisors. Elon Musk departs the board but remains as a donor and advisor.[85][83] |
2018 | February | Staff | Lilian Weng joins OpenAi as Research Scientist.[86] |
2018 | March 3 | Event host | OpenAI hosts its first hackathon. Applicants include high schoolers, industry practitioners, engineers, researchers at universities, and others, with interests spanning healthcare to AGI.[87][88] |
2018 | March | Staff | Diane Yoon joins OpenAI as Operations Manager.[89] |
2018 | April 5 – June 5 | Event host | The OpenAI Retro Contest takes place.[90][91] As a result of the release of the Gym Retro library, OpenAI's Universe become deprecated.[92] |
2018 | April 9 | OpenAI releases a charter. The charter says in part that OpenAI commits to stop competing with a value-aligned and safety-conscious project that comes close to building artificial general intelligence, and also that OpenAI expects to reduce its traditional publishing in the future due to safety concerns.[93][94][95][96][97] | |
2018 | April 19 | Financial | The New York Times publishes a story detailing the salaries of researchers at OpenAI, using information from OpenAI's 2016 Form 990. The salaries include $1.9 million paid to Ilya Sutskever and $800,000 paid to Ian Goodfellow (hired in March of that year).[98][99][100] |
2018 | April | Staff | Peter Zhokhov joins OpenAi as Member of the Technical Staff.[101] |
2018 | May 2 | Publication | The paper "AI safety via debate" by Geoffrey Irving, Paul Christiano, and Dario Amodei is uploaded to the arXiv.[102][103] |
2018 | May | Staff | Susan Zhang joins OpenAi as Research Engineer.[104] |
2018 | May | Staff | Daniel Ziegler joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff.[105] |
2018 | June 25 | AI development | OpenAI announces set of AI algorithms able to hold their own as a team of five and defeat human amateur players at Dota 2, a multiplayer online battle arena video game popular in e-sports for its complexity and necessity for teamwork.[106] In the algorithmic A team, called OpenAI Five, each algorithm uses a neural network to learn both how to play the game, and how to cooperate with its AI teammates.[107][108] |
2018 | June 26 | Notable comment | Bill Gates comments on Twitter: AI bots just beat humans at the video game Dota 2. That’s a big deal, because their victory required teamwork and collaboration – a huge milestone in advancing artificial intelligence.[109] |
2018 | June | Staff | Yilun Du joins OpenAi as Research Fellow.[110] |
2018 | June | Staff | Christine McLeavey Payne joins OpenAi's Deep Learning Scholars Program.[111] |
2018 | June | Staff | Johannes Otterbach joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff (Fellow).[112] |
2018 | June | Staff | Karl Cobbe joins OpenAi as Machine Learning Fellow.[113] |
2018 | July 18 | Commitment | Elon Musk, along with other tech leaders, sign a pledge promising to not develop “lethal autonomous weapons.” They also call on governments to institute laws against such technology. The pledge is organized by the Future of Life Institute, an outreach group focused on tackling existential risks.[114][115][116] |
2018 | July 30 | AI development | OpenAI announces a robotics system that can manipulate objects with humanlike dexterity. The system is able to develop these behaviors all on its own. It uses a reinforcement model, where the AI learns through trial and error, to direct robot hands in grasping and manipulating objects with great precision.[117][118] |
2018 | August 7 | Achievement | Algorithmic team OpenAI Five defeats a team of semi-professional Dota 2 players ranked in the 99.95th percentile in the world, in their second public match in the traditional five-versus-five settings, hosted in San Francisco.[119][120][121][122] |
2018 | August | Staff | Ingmar Kanitscheider joins OpenAi as Research Scientist.[123] |
2018 | August | Staff | Miles Brundage joins OpenAi as Research Scientist (Policy).[124] |
2018 | August | Staff | Jeffrey Wu joins OpenAi as Member of Technical Staff.[125] |
2018 | September | Staff | Christopher Olah joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff.[126] |
2018 | September | Staff | Taehoon Kim joins OpenAi as Research Engineer.[127] |
2018 | October | Staff | Daniela Amodei joins OpenAi as NLP Team Manager and Head of People Operations.[128] |
2018 | October | Staff | Lei Zhang joins OpenAi as Research Fellow.[129] |
2018 | October | Staff | Mark Chen joins OpenAi as Research Scientist.[130] |
2018 | November 1 | Publication | OpenAI publishes research paper detailing AI able to defeat humans at the retro platformer Montezuma’s Revenge. The top-performing iteration found 22 of the 24 rooms in the first level, and occasionally discovered all 24.[131][132] |
2018 | November 8 | Education | OpenAI launches Spinning Up, an educational resource designed to teach anyone deep reinforcement learning. The program consists of crystal-clear examples of RL code, educational exercises, documentation, and tutorials.[133][134][135] |
2018 | November 9 | Notable comment | Ilya Sutskever gives speech at the AI Frontiers Conference in San Jose, and declares: We (OpenAI) have reviewed progress in the field over the past six years. Our conclusion is near term AGI should be taken as a serious possibility.[136] |
2018 | November 18 | Staff | Clemens Winter joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff.[137] |
2018 | November 19 | Partnership | OpenAI partners with DeepMind in a new paper that proposes a new method to train reinforcement learning agents in ways that enables them to surpass human performance. The paper, titled Reward learning from human preferences and demonstrations in Atari, introduces a training model that combines human feedback and reward optimization to maximize the knowledge of RL agents.[138] |
2018 | November | Staff | Amanda Askell joins OpenAi as Research Scientist (Policy).[139] |
2018 | December 6 | OpenAI publishes CoinRun, which is designed to test the adaptability of reinforcement learning agents.[140][141] | |
2018 | December | Staff | Mateusz Litwin joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff.[142] |
2019 | January | Staff | Bianca Martin joins OpenAi as Special Projects Manager.[143] |
2019 | February 14 | AI development | OpenAI unveils its language-generating system called GPT-2, a system able to write the news, answer reading comprehension problems, and is beginning to show promise at tasks like translation.[144] However, the data or the parameters of the model are not released, under expressed concerns about potential abuse.[145] |
2019 | February | Staff | Danny Hernandez joins OpenAi as Research Scientist.[146] |
2019 | March 11 | Organization | OpenAI announces the creation of OpenAI LP, a new “capped-profit” company owned and controlled by the OpenAI nonprofit organization’s board of directors. The new company is purposed to allow OpenAI to rapidly increase their investments in compute and talent while including checks and balances to actualize their mission.[147][148] |
2019 | March | Staff | Ilge Akkaya joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff.[149] |
2019 | March | Staff | Sam Altman leaves his role as the president of Y Combinator to become the Chief executive officer of OpenAI.[150][151] |
2019 | March | Staff | Alex Paino joins OpenAi as Member of Technical Staff.[152] |
2019 | March | Staff | Karson Elmgren joins OpenAi at People Operations.[153] |
2019 | April 23 | AI development | OpenAI announces Sparse Transformers, a deep neural network for learning sequences of data, including text, sound, and images. It utilizes an improved algorithm based on the attention mechanism, being able to extract patterns from sequences 30 times longer than possible previously.[154][155][156] |
2019 | April 25 | AI development | OpenAI announces MuseNet, a deep neural network able to generate 4-minute musical compositions with 10 different instruments, and can combine multiple styles from country to Mozart to The Beatles. The neural network uses general-purpose unsupervised technology.[157] |
2019 | April 27 | Event host | OpenAI hosts the OpenAI Robotics Symposium 2019.[158] |
2019 | April | Staff | Todor Markov joins OpenAi as Machine Learning Researcher.[159] |
2019 | May | AI development | OpenAI releases a limited version of its language-generating system GPT-2. This version is more powerful (though still significantly limited compared to the whole thing) than the extremely restricted initial release of the system, citing concerns that it’d be abused.[160] The potential of the new system is recognized by various experts.[161] |
2019 | June | Staff | Long Ouyang joins OpenAi as Research Scientist.[162] |
2019 | July 22 | Partnership | OpenAI announces an exclusive partnership with Microsoft. As part of the partnership, Microsoft invests $1 billion in OpenAI, and OpenAI switches to exclusively using Microsoft Azure (Microsoft's cloud solution) as the platform on which it will develop its AI tools. Microsoft will also be OpenAI's "preferred partner for commercializing new AI technologies."[163][164][165][166] |
2019 | July | Staff | Irene Solaiman joins OpenAi as Policy Researcher.[167] |
2019 | August 20 | OpenAI announces plan to release a version of its language-generating system GPT-2, which stirred controversy after it release in February.[168][169][170] | |
2019 | August | Staff | Melanie Subbiah joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff.[171] |
2019 | August | Staff | Cullen O'Keefe joins OpenAi as Research Scientist (Policy).[172] |
2019 | November | Staff | Ryan Lowe joins OpenAi as Member Of Technical Staff.[173] |
2020 | January 30 | "OpenAI sets PyTorch as its new standard deep learning framework"[174][175] |
Meta information on the timeline
How the timeline was built
The initial version of the timeline was written by Issa Rice.
Funding information for this timeline is available.
What the timeline is still missing
Timeline update strategy
- https://www.google.com/search?q=site:nytimes.com+%22openai%22
- https://blog.openai.com/ (but check to see if the announcement of a blog post is covered by other sources)
See also
- Timeline of DeepMind
- Timeline of Future of Humanity Institute
- Timeline of Centre for the Study of Existential Risk
External links
References
- ↑ Samuel Gibbs (October 27, 2014). "Elon Musk: artificial intelligence is our biggest existential threat". The Guardian. Retrieved July 25, 2017.
- ↑ "AeroAstro Centennial Webcast". Retrieved July 25, 2017.
The high point of the MIT Aeronautics and Astronautics Department's 2014 Centennial celebration is the October 22-24 Centennial Symposium
- ↑ "Machine intelligence, part 1". Sam Altman. Retrieved July 27, 2017.
- ↑ Brockman, Greg (May 6, 2015). "Leaving Stripe". Greg Brockman on Svbtle. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
- ↑ Carson, Biz (May 6, 2015). "One of the first employees of $3.5 billion startup Stripe is leaving to form his own company". Business Insider. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "My path to OpenAI". Greg Brockman on Svbtle. May 3, 2016. Retrieved May 8, 2018.
- ↑ Matt Weinberger (June 4, 2015). "Head of Silicon Valley's most important startup farm says we're in a 'mega bubble' that won't last". Business Insider. Retrieved July 27, 2017.
- ↑ John Markoff (December 11, 2015). "Artificial-Intelligence Research Center Is Founded by Silicon Valley Investors". The New York Times. Retrieved July 26, 2017.
The organization, to be named OpenAI, will be established as a nonprofit, and will be based in San Francisco.
- ↑ "Introducing OpenAI". OpenAI Blog. December 11, 2015. Retrieved July 26, 2017.
- ↑ Drew Olanoff (December 11, 2015). "Artificial Intelligence Nonprofit OpenAI Launches With Backing From Elon Musk And Sam Altman". TechCrunch. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ↑ "Wojciech Zaremba". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ Priestly, Theo (December 11, 2015). "Elon Musk And Peter Thiel Launch OpenAI, A Non-Profit Artificial Intelligence Research Company". Forbes. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
- ↑ "Ilya Sutskever". AI Watch. April 8, 2018. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
- ↑ "AMA: the OpenAI Research Team • r/MachineLearning". reddit. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ Brockman, Greg (March 22, 2017). "Team++". OpenAI Blog. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
- ↑ Sutskever, Ilya (March 20, 2017). "Welcome, Pieter and Shivon!". OpenAI Blog. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
- ↑ "Shivon Zilis". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "OpenAI Gym Beta". OpenAI Blog. March 20, 2017. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ↑ "Inside OpenAI, Elon Musk's Wild Plan to Set Artificial Intelligence Free". WIRED. April 27, 2016. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
This morning, OpenAI will release its first batch of AI software, a toolkit for building artificially intelligent systems by way of a technology called "reinforcement learning"
- ↑ Shead, Sam (April 28, 2016). "Elon Musk's $1 billion AI company launches a 'gym' where developers train their computers". Business Insider. Retrieved March 3, 2018.
- ↑ "[1606.06565] Concrete Problems in AI Safety". June 21, 2016. Retrieved July 25, 2017.
- ↑ "Dario Amodei - Research Scientist @ OpenAI". Crunchbase. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
- ↑ Metz, Cade (July 29, 2016). "How To Fool AI Into Seeing Something That Isn't There". WIRED. Retrieved March 3, 2018.
- ↑ "NVIDIA Brings DGX-1 AI Supercomputer in a Box to OpenAI". The Official NVIDIA Blog. August 15, 2016. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ Vanian, Jonathan (August 15, 2016). "Nvidia Just Gave A Supercomputer to Elon Musk-backed Artificial Intelligence Group". Fortune. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ De Jesus, Cecille (August 17, 2016). "Elon Musk's OpenAI is Using Reddit to Teach An Artificial Intelligence How to Speak". Futurism. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ "Alexander Ray". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Jack Clark". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Harri Edwards". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ Statt, Nick (November 15, 2016). "Microsoft is partnering with Elon Musk's OpenAI to protect humanity's best interests". The Verge. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ↑ Metz, Cade. "The Next Big Front in the Battle of the Clouds Is AI Chips. And Microsoft Just Scored a Win". WIRED. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
According to Altman and Harry Shum, head of Microsoft new AI and research group, OpenAI's use of Azure is part of a larger partnership between the two companies. In the future, Altman and Shum tell WIRED, the two companies may also collaborate on research. "We're exploring a couple of specific projects," Altman says. "I'm assuming something will happen there." That too will require some serious hardware.
- ↑ "universe". GitHub. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ John Mannes (December 5, 2016). "OpenAI's Universe is the fun parent every artificial intelligence deserves". TechCrunch. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ↑ "Elon Musk's Lab Wants to Teach Computers to Use Apps Just Like Humans Do". WIRED. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ↑ "OpenAI Universe". Hacker News. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ "Tom Brown". linkedin.com. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
- ↑ "AI Alignment". Paul Christiano. May 13, 2017. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
- ↑ "Team Update". OpenAI Blog. March 22, 2017. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
- ↑ "Prafulla Dhariwal". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Jakub Pachocki". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Open Philanthropy Project donations made (filtered to cause areas matching AI safety)". Retrieved July 27, 2017.
- ↑ "OpenAI — General Support". Open Philanthropy Project. December 15, 2017. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
- ↑ "Pinboard on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved May 8, 2018.
What the actual fuck… “Open Philanthropy” dude gives a $30M grant to his roommate / future brother-in-law. Trumpy!
- ↑ "OpenAI makes humanity less safe". Compass Rose. April 13, 2017. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
- ↑ "OpenAI makes humanity less safe". LessWrong. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
- ↑ "OpenAI donations received". Retrieved May 6, 2018.
- ↑ Naik, Vipul. "I'm having a hard time understanding the rationale...". Retrieved May 8, 2018.
- ↑ "The messy, secretive reality behind OpenAI's bid to save the world". technologyreview.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Christopher Berner". linkedin.com. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
- ↑ Simoneaux, Brent; Stegman, Casey. "Open Source Stories: The People Behind OpenAI". Retrieved May 5, 2018. In the HTML source, last-publish-date is shown as Tue, 25 Apr 2017 04:00:00 GMT as of 2018-05-05.
- ↑ "Profile of the people behind OpenAI • r/OpenAI". reddit. April 7, 2017. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ "The People Behind OpenAI". Hacker News. July 23, 2017. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ John Mannes (April 7, 2017). "OpenAI sets benchmark for sentiment analysis using an efficient mLSTM". TechCrunch. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ↑ "OpenAI Just Beat Google DeepMind at Atari With an Algorithm From the 80s". singularityhub.com. Retrieved 29 June 2019.
- ↑ "Matthias Plappert". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "OpenAI Baselines: DQN". OpenAI Blog. November 28, 2017. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ "openai/baselines". GitHub. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ "Kevin Frans". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "[1706.03741] Deep reinforcement learning from human preferences". Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ↑ gwern (June 3, 2017). "June 2017 news - Gwern.net". Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ↑ "Two Giants of AI Team Up to Head Off the Robot Apocalypse". WIRED. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
A new paper from the two organizations on a machine learning system that uses pointers from humans to learn a new task, rather than figuring out its own—potentially unpredictable—approach, follows through on that. Amodei says the project shows it's possible to do practical work right now on making machine learning systems less able to produce nasty surprises.
- ↑ "Learning from Human Preferences". openai.com. Retrieved 29 June 2019.
- ↑ "Joshua Achiam". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ Jordan Crook (August 12, 2017). "OpenAI bot remains undefeated against world's greatest Dota 2 players". TechCrunch. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ↑ "Did Elon Musk's AI champ destroy humans at video games? It's complicated". The Verge. August 14, 2017. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ↑ "Elon Musk's $1 billion AI startup made a surprise appearance at a $24 million video game tournament — and crushed a pro gamer". Business Insider. August 11, 2017. Retrieved March 3, 2018.
- ↑ Cade Metz (August 13, 2017). "Teaching A.I. Systems to Behave Themselves". The New York Times. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ "[1709.04326] Learning with Opponent-Learning Awareness". Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ↑ gwern (August 16, 2017). "September 2017 news - Gwern.net". Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ↑ "Bowen Baker". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "AI Sumo Wrestlers Could Make Future Robots More Nimble". WIRED. Retrieved March 3, 2018.
- ↑ Appolonia, Alexandra; Gmoser, Justin (October 20, 2017). "Elon Musk's artificial intelligence company created virtual robots that can sumo wrestle and play soccer". Business Insider. Retrieved March 3, 2018.
- ↑ "Jonathan Raiman". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ Cade Metz (November 6, 2017). "A.I. Researchers Leave Elon Musk Lab to Begin Robotics Start-Up". The New York Times. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ Vincent, James (December 1, 2017). "Artificial intelligence isn't as clever as we think, but that doesn't stop it being a threat". The Verge. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ↑ "David Luan". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Christy Dennison". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "David Farhi". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Mathew Shrwed". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "[1802.07228] The Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence: Forecasting, Prevention, and Mitigation". Retrieved February 24, 2018.
- ↑ "Preparing for Malicious Uses of AI". OpenAI Blog. February 21, 2018. Retrieved February 24, 2018.
- ↑ Malicious AI Report. "The Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence". Malicious AI Report. Retrieved February 24, 2018.
- ↑ 83.0 83.1 "Elon Musk leaves board of AI safety group to avoid conflict of interest with Tesla". The Verge. February 21, 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ↑ Simonite, Tom. "Why Artificial Intelligence Researchers Should Be More Paranoid". WIRED. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
- ↑ "OpenAI Supporters". OpenAI Blog. February 21, 2018. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ "Lilian Weng". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "OpenAI Hackathon". OpenAI Blog. February 24, 2018. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
- ↑ "Report from the OpenAI Hackathon". OpenAI Blog. March 15, 2018. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ "Diane Yoon". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "OpenAI Retro Contest". OpenAI. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ "Retro Contest". OpenAI Blog. April 13, 2018. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ "openai/universe". GitHub. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ "OpenAI Charter". OpenAI Blog. April 9, 2018. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ wunan (April 9, 2018). "OpenAI charter". LessWrong. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ "[D] OpenAI Charter • r/MachineLearning". reddit. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ "OpenAI Charter". Hacker News. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ Tristan Greene (April 10, 2018). "The AI company Elon Musk co-founded intends to create machines with real intelligence". The Next Web. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ Cade Metz (April 19, 2018). "A.I. Researchers Are Making More Than $1 Million, Even at a Nonprofit". The New York Times. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ ""A.I. Researchers Are Making More Than $1 Million, Even at a Nonprofit [OpenAI]" • r/reinforcementlearning". reddit. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ "gwern comments on A.I. Researchers Are Making More Than $1M, Even at a Nonprofit". Hacker News. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ "Peter Zhokhov". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "[1805.00899] AI safety via debate". Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ Irving, Geoffrey; Amodei, Dario (May 3, 2018). "AI Safety via Debate". OpenAI Blog. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
- ↑ "Susan Zhang". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Daniel Ziegler". linkedin.com. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
- ↑ Gershgorn, Dave. "OpenAI built gaming bots that can work as a team with inhuman precision". qz.com. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
- ↑ Knight, Will. "A team of AI algorithms just crushed humans in a complex computer game". technologyreview.com. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
- ↑ "OpenAI's bot can now defeat skilled Dota 2 teams". venturebeat.com. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
- ↑ Papadopoulos, Loukia. "Bill Gates Praises Elon Musk-Founded OpenAI's Latest Dota 2 Win as "Huge Milestone" in Field". interestingengineering.com. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
- ↑ "Yilun Du". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Christine McLeavey Payne". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Johannes Otterbach". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Karl Cobbe". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ Vincent, James. "Elon Musk, DeepMind founders, and others sign pledge to not develop lethal AI weapon systems". theverge.com. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
- ↑ Locklear, Mallory. "DeepMind, Elon Musk and others pledge not to make autonomous AI weapons". engadget.com. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
- ↑ Quach, Katyanna. "Elon Musk, his arch nemesis DeepMind swear off AI weapons". theregister.co.uk. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
- ↑ "OpenAI's 'state-of-the-art' system gives robots humanlike dexterity". venturebeat.com. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
- ↑ Coldewey, Devin. "OpenAI's robotic hand doesn't need humans to teach it human behaviors". techcrunch.com. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
- ↑ Whitwam, Ryan. "OpenAI Bots Crush the Best Human Dota 2 Players in the World". extremetech.com. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ Quach, Katyanna. "OpenAI bots thrash team of Dota 2 semi-pros, set eyes on mega-tourney". theregister.co.uk. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ Savov, Vlad. "The OpenAI Dota 2 bots just defeated a team of former pros". theverge.com. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ Rigg, Jamie. "'Dota 2' veterans steamrolled by AI team in exhibition match". engadget.com. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ "Ingmar Kanitscheider". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Miles Brundage". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Jeffrey Wu". linkedin.com. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
- ↑ "Christopher Olah". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Taehoon Kim". linkedin.com. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
- ↑ "Daniela Amodei". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Lei Zhang". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Mark Chen". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ Wiggers, Kyle. "OpenAI made a system that's better at Montezuma's Revenge than humans". venturebeat.com. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ Vincent, James. "New research from OpenAI uses curious AI to beat video games". theverge.com. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ "Spinning Up in Deep RL". openai.com. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ Ramesh, Prasad. "OpenAI launches Spinning Up, a learning resource for potential deep learning practitioners". hub.packtpub.com. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ Johnson, Khari. "OpenAI launches reinforcement learning training to prepare for artificial general intelligence". flipboard.com. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ "OpenAI Founder: Short-Term AGI Is a Serious Possibility". syncedreview.com. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ "Clemens Winter". linkedin.com. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
- ↑ Rodriguez, Jesus. "What's New in Deep Learning Research: OpenAI and DeepMind Join Forces to Achieve Superhuman Performance in Reinforcement Learning". towardsdatascience.com. Retrieved 29 June 2019.
- ↑ "Amanda Askell". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "OpenAI teaches AI teamwork by playing hide-and-seek". venturebeat.com. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
- ↑ "OpenAI's CoinRun tests the adaptability of reinforcement learning agents". venturebeat.com. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
- ↑ "Mateusz Litwin". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Bianca Martin". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "An AI helped us write this article". vox.com. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
- ↑ Lowe, Ryan. "OpenAI's GPT-2: the model, the hype, and the controversy". towardsdatascience.com. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
- ↑ "Danny Hernandez". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ Johnson, Khari. "OpenAI launches new company for funding safe artificial general intelligence". venturebeat.com. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ Trazzi, Michaël. "Considerateness in OpenAI LP Debate". medium.com. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ "Ilge Akkaya". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Sam Altman's leap of faith". techcrunch.com. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
- ↑ "Y Combinator president Sam Altman is stepping down amid a series of changes at the accelerator". techcrunch.com. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
- ↑ "Alex Paino". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Karson Elmgren". linkedin.com. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
- ↑ Alford, Anthony. "OpenAI Introduces Sparse Transformers for Deep Learning of Longer Sequences". infoq.com. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ "OpenAI Sparse Transformer Improves Predictable Sequence Length by 30x". medium.com. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ "Generative Modeling with Sparse Transformers". openai.com. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ "MuseNet". openai.com. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ↑ "OpenAI Robotics Symposium 2019". openai.com. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
- ↑ "Todor Markov". linkedin.com/. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "A poetry-writing AI has just been unveiled. It's ... pretty good.". vox.com. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
- ↑ Vincent, James. "AND OpenAi's new multitalented AI writes, translates, and slanders". theverge.com. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
- ↑ "Long Ouyang". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Microsoft Invests In and Partners with OpenAI to Support Us Building Beneficial AGI". OpenAI. July 22, 2019. Retrieved July 26, 2019.
- ↑ "OpenAI forms exclusive computing partnership with Microsoft to build new Azure AI supercomputing technologies". Microsoft. July 22, 2019. Retrieved July 26, 2019.
- ↑ Chan, Rosalie (July 22, 2019). "Microsoft is investing $1 billion in OpenAI, the Elon Musk-founded company that's trying to build human-like artificial intelligence". Business Insider. Retrieved July 26, 2019.
- ↑ Sawhney, Mohanbir (July 24, 2019). "The Real Reasons Microsoft Invested In OpenAI". Forbes. Retrieved July 26, 2019.
- ↑ "Irene Solaiman". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "OpenAI releases curtailed version of GPT-2 language model". venturebeat.com. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
- ↑ "OpenAI Just Released an Even Scarier Fake News-Writing Algorithm". interestingengineering.com. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
- ↑ "OPENAI JUST RELEASED A NEW VERSION OF ITS FAKE NEWS-WRITING AI". futurism.com. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
- ↑ "Melanie Subbiah". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Cullen O'Keefe". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "Ryan Lowe". linkedin.com. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
- ↑ "OpenAI sets PyTorch as its new standard deep learning framework". jaxenter.com. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
- ↑ "OpenAI goes all-in on Facebook's Pytorch machine learning framework". venturebeat.com. Retrieved 23 February 2020.