Timeline of anesthesiology
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This is a timeline of FIXME.
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Big picture
| Time period | Development summary |
|---|---|
| 19th century | "During most of the nineteenth century, the vast majority of notable advances in the science of anesthesiology were achieved by basic scientists [10]. Among physiologists, Pierre Jean Marie Flourens, François Magendie, and Claude Bernard are respected for their work on the effects and site of action of anesthetic gases. Pharmacologists and chemists, including Joseph Friedrich von Mering, Hans Meyer, and Charles Overton, synthesized novel drugs and investigated the properties that enabled a chemical to function as an anesthetic. Surgeons, obstetricians, and dentists contributed the bulk of clinical advances in the field [10]. Most of the practicing anesthetists functioned primarily as technicians who made meager contributions to advancing the scientific underpinnings of the discipline. But in the late nineteenth century, this would begin to change."[1] |
Full timeline
| Year | Event type | Details | Location |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.4000 BC | "Sumerian artifacts depict opium poppy."[2] | ||
| c.2250 BC | "Babylonians relieve toothache with henbane (Hyoscyamus niger)."[2] | ||
| c.1600 BC | "Acupuncture is being practiced in China, according to Shang Dynasty pictographs on bones and turtle shells."[2] | ||
| c.600 BC | "India's Sushruta uses cannabis vapors to sedate surgical patients. Over ensuing centuries, other herbs like aconitum would supplement that sedation in India and eventually in China."[2] | ||
| c.400 BC | "Assyrians use carotid compression to produce brief unconsciousness before circumcision or cataract surgery. Egyptians employ the same technique for eye surgery."[2] | ||
| c.350 BC | "Plato refers to ANAIΣΘHΣIA in his work Timaeus."[2] | ||
| 64 AC | "Dioscorides, a Greek surgeon in the Roman army of Emperor Nero, recommends mandrake boiled in wine to "cause the insensibility of those who are to be cut or cauterized.""[2] | ||
| c.160 AC | "Hua Tuo (ca. 111 – 207 AD) performs surgery with his general anesthetic Mafeisan, a wine and herbal mixture."[2] | ||
| c.800 – 1200s | "After herbal mixtures including opium, mandrake, henbane, and/or hemlock are steeped into a soporific or sleep-bearing sponge ("spongia somnifera"), the sponge is dampened so that anesthetic vapors or drippings can be applied to a patient's nostrils. These sponges were likely historical cousins to the so-called Roman or Arabic sponges (used during crucifixions, surgeries, and other painful events)."[2] | ||
| c.1350 | "Inca shamans chewed coca leaves mixed with vegetable ash and dripped their cocaine-laden saliva into the wounds of patients."[2] | ||
| 1540 | "Then, in 1540, Valerius Cordis, the great physician and botanist who authored Dispensatorium, described a revolutionary technique to synthesize ether, which involved adding sulfuric acid to ethyl alcohol."[1] "German physician and botanist Valerius Cordus (1515–1544), synthesizes diethyl ether by distilling ethanol and sulphuric acid into what he called "sweet oil of vitriol.""[2] | ||
| 1578 – 1657 | "Contributions to the development of anesthesia included the experiments of William Harvey (1578-1657), culminating in the discovery of the systemic circulation"[1] | ||
| 1659 | "The future "Sir Christopher Wren" and Anglo-Irish chemist Robert Boyle (1627–1691) pioneered intravenous therapy by injecting opium through a goose quill into a dog's vein."[2] | ||
| 1733 – 1804 | "identification and characterization of new gases by Joseph Priestley (1733-1804)"[1] | ||
| 1771 – 1786 | "Joseph Priestley (1733–1804)—English chemist and natural philosopher, discovers "airs" of oxygen and nitrous oxide; the first to isolate oxygen."[1] | ||
| 1779 | "Franz Anton Mesmer (1734–1815)—In Mémoire sur la découverte du magnétisme animal, he describes using magnets and hypnosis to cure many ailments."[2] | ||
| 1799 | "Sir Humphry Davy (1778-1829) introduced nitrous oxide into medical practice in 1799 and"[1] | ||
| 1800 | "Humphry Davy (1778–1829)—In his Researches..., Davy observes "As nitrous oxide in its extensive operation appears capable of destroying physical pain, it may probably be used with advantage during surgical operations in which no great effusion of blood takes place.""[2] | ||
| 1804 | "Japan's Hanaoka Seishu (1760-1835) formulates his general anesthetic Tsusensan."[2] | ||
| 1805 | "Pharmacist Friedrich Sertürner (1783–1841)—Isolates a new substance from opium, which he later names "morphium" after Morpheus, the god of dreams."[2] | ||
| 1820s | "and the 1820s movement opposing all types of human suffering promoted by surgeon Henry Hill Hickman (1800-1830)"[1] | ||
| 1824 | "Henry Hill Hickman (1800-1830) describes carbon dioxide anesthesia for animals."[2] | ||
| 1846 | "the first successful public demonstration of surgical anesthesia did not occur until 1846."[1] | ||
| 1857 | "Claude Bernard, for example, alluded to the paralytic effect of curare in 1857"[1] | ||
| 1914 | "the American Journal of Surgery, in 1914, began publication of the Quarterly Supplement of Anesthesia and Analgesia, which endured until 1926."[1] | ||
| 1940 | "the American Board of Anesthesiology (ABA) separated from the American Board of Surgery to become an independent entity in 1940 [13], an important step toward professionalization."[1] |
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The initial version of the timeline was written by FIXME.
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See also
External links
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 "The History of Professionalism in Anesthesiology". journalofethics.ama-assn.org. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 "History of Anesthesia". woodlibrarymuseum.org. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
