Difference between revisions of "Timeline of bicycle sharing systems"

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| 2008 || October || System launch || {{w|Hangzhou Public Bicycle}} launches. It is one of the world’s largest, with more than 78,000 bicycles.<ref name="THE BIKE-SHARE BOOM"/> || {{w|China}} ({{w|Hangzhou}})
 
| 2008 || October || System launch || {{w|Hangzhou Public Bicycle}} launches. It is one of the world’s largest, with more than 78,000 bicycles.<ref name="THE BIKE-SHARE BOOM"/> || {{w|China}} ({{w|Hangzhou}})
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| 2009 || November || System launch || {{w|YouBike}} is launched in {{w|Taipei}}. || {{w|Taiwan}} ({{w|Taipei}})
 
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| 2010 || June || System launch || {{w|Melbourne Bike Share}} || {{w|Australia}} ({{w|Melbourne}})  
 
| 2010 || June || System launch || {{w|Melbourne Bike Share}} || {{w|Australia}} ({{w|Melbourne}})  

Revision as of 12:52, 21 June 2019

This is a timeline of bicycle sharing systems.

Big picture

Time period Development summary
1960s Bike sharing dates back to this decade, with the introducction of the first system in Amsterdam.
2010s "bike-sharing services are now seemingly ubiquitous in many major cities. The propagation of “dockless” systems, shared bicycles that can be parked nearly anywhere, has led to unprecedented growth, increasing the number of publicly accessible bikes from 1.2 million worldwide in 2015 to more than 16 million in China alone in just two years."[1]

Full timeline

Year Month and date Event type Details Location
1965 "In Amsterdam, a group of activists introduce the Witte Fietsen, or White Bikes—dozens of regular bicycles that were painted white and left unlocked for anyone to use and leave behind for the next person. After many of the bikes are stolen or damaged, the program is quickly shut down—and considered a massive failure." Wittefietsenplan (WhiteBikes). "Luud Schimmelpennink – considered the father of the bike share - helped paint set of white bicycles in Amsterdam and left them out in public for everyone to use. In reality, the program wasn’t a business offering, but a political statement of concern for pollution and against the growing number of cars in the city."[2][3] Netherlands (Amsterdam)
1974 System launch Vélos Jaunes France (La Rochelle)
1975 The idea of a bicycle sharing system is illustrated in Ernest Callenbach's novel Ecotopia, a utopian novel of a society that does not use fossil fuels. Callenbach describes a system available to inhabitants and integrated as part of the public transportation system.[4]
1995 System launch "It took 30 years for another major city to attempt a large-scale public bike program. Copenhagen’s Bycyklen, or City Bikes, allowed users to access sturdy, shared bicycles at specific locations throughout the city via a coin-operated system. Despite clear improvements over Amsterdam’s White Bikes, thefts and vandalism still plagued the program." Bycykler København "The new bike share, called Copenhagen City Bikes had its own set of problems at the outset (theft, adoption, funding). However, it eventually secured public funding (infrastructure interests) and private funding (insurance & advertising interests), which allowed it to flourish. Bycykler København featured fixed docks, where riders deposited money to unlock the bikes. Riders would then get their deposit back after returning the bike to a dock."[2][3] Denmark (Copenhaguen)
1996 "Bikeabout, a small bike-share system limited to students at Portsmouth University in the U.K., is the first to come up with a solution to the theft problem—users had to swipe an individualized magnetic-stripe card to borrow a bike, which allowed them to be tracked when they weren’t returned."[3]
1998 System launch "In 1998, Rennes, France, launched “Vélos à la carte,” introducing the third-generation of bike-sharing replacing coin-access with smart card access" "Vélo à la Carte in Rennes, France, is the first city-scale bike-share program to use magnetic-stripe cards and RFID technology. " Vélo a la Carte launches in Rennes, France. The bikes were free to use, and have fixed docks in certain location.[2][3][5] France (Rennes)
2000 " but researches relative to bicycle-sharing schemes began roughly after 2000. "[6]
2003 June System launch Citybike Wien Austria (Vienna)
2005 "Another advertising company, JCDecaux, partners with the city of Lyon, France, to launch Vélo’v, a similarly “smart” bike-share system only this time at a new scale—1,500 bikes."[3]
2005 "In 2005, the city of Lyon, France, introduced “Lyon Vélo’v,” with bikes equipped with electronic components allowing for the bike to be identified by the stations, the distance traveled and conditions of the bikes (lights, dynamo, brakes, etc.) to be tracked, and detailed statistics about bike usage collected. "[5]
2007 ", Paris launches the 6,000-bike Vélib’ "[3]
2007–2017 "Bicycle-sharing schemes (BSSs) are experiencing a major breakthrough in cities at a global scale. Of the estimated 1,600 schemes in operation in 2017, approximately 95 percent were launched since 2007, with more than 200 in 2017 alone."[1]
2008 System launch "Washington, D.C., launches SmartBike DC, a 10-station, 120-bike pilot program that is the first modern bike-share system in the U.S. Like Barcelona’s, it uses the same Clear Channel technology developed for Rennes’s Vélo à la Carte."[3]
2008 System launch "In Montréal, a government-owned company known as Bixi pilots its own system with innovative, robust bicycles and a modular docking system."[3]
2008 October System launch Hangzhou Public Bicycle launches. It is one of the world’s largest, with more than 78,000 bicycles.[3] China (Hangzhou)
2009 November System launch YouBike is launched in Taipei. Taiwan (Taipei)
2010 June System launch Melbourne Bike Share Australia (Melbourne)
2010 July 30 System launch Santander Cycles United Kingdom (London)
2010 System launch EcoBici Argentina (Buenos Aires)
2010 System launch Metrobici Argentina (Mendoza)
2010 "In 2010, Oliver O'Brien, a researcher at the Department of Geography at UCL (University College London) working with digital cartography and data visualization, created a Bike Share Map. Updated in real time, the map shows the location of bike share stations in 150 cities across the world, and has become one of the easiest ways for users to get updated on information on their local bike programs."[7]
2012 System launch Bikesampa Brazil (Sao Paulo)
2013 May 27 System launch Citi Bike launches in New York City "New York’s bike-share system launches with 6,000 bikes and a first-of-its-kind funding model that uses no public dollars, fully paid for by corporate sponsorships."[3][8][9][10][11][12] United States (New York City)
2013 System launch Weifang Public Bicycle China (Weifang)
2013 Statistics "Globally, 2013 saw a 60 percent increase in the number of programs, with 65 new bike-share launches in China alone. The number of bike-share bikes worldwide hits 700,000."[3]
2015 Statistics The number of bike-share bicycles hits an estimated 1,000,000 worldwide. China is by far the leader in the sheer number of bicycles.[3] "By the end of 2014, the number of shared bikes in the world amounted to almost one million. China led the charts with more than 750,000 shared bikes in 237 cities, followed by France with almost 43,000 bikes in 38 cities. Britain was seventh highest with almost 11,000 bikes."[13]
2016 April System launch Stockholm City bikes is introduced. Sweden (Stockholm)
2017 December "By the end of 2017, about 16 million bikes “floated” on China’s streets to transport about 130 million registered users."[14] China
2018 January 1 System launch Vélib' Métropole France (Paris)
2018 System launch JoBike Bangladesh (Dhaka)

Meta information on the timeline

How the timeline was built

The initial version of the timeline was written by FIXME.

Funding information for this timeline is available.

Feedback and comments

Feedback for the timeline can be provided at the following places:

  • FIXME

What the timeline is still missing

Timeline update strategy

See also

External links

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Moon, Christopher; Sharpin, Anna Bray; De La Lanza, Iván; Khan, Azra; Lo Re, Luca; Maassen, Anne. "The Evolution of Bike Sharing: 10 Questions on the Emergence of New Technologies, Opportunities, and Risks". wri.org. Retrieved 21 June 2019. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Walker, Bradley. "A brief history of bike sharing". 360.here.com. Retrieved 21 June 2019. 
  3. 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 "THE BIKE-SHARE BOOM". citylab.com. Retrieved 21 June 2019. 
  4. Callenbach, Ernest (1975). Ecotopia. Ernest Callenbach (first self-published as Banyan Tree Books). p. 181. ISBN 978-0-553-34847-7. 
  5. 5.0 5.1 Colin, Benoit. "Four generations of bike-sharing". thecityfix.com. Retrieved 21 June 2019. 
  6. "Bike-sharing: History, Impacts, Models of Provision, and Future". doi:10.5038/2375-0901.12.4.3. 
  7. "From Amsterdam to Beijing: The Global Evolution of Bike Share". smartcitiesdive.com. Retrieved 21 June 2019. 
  8. New York City Bike Share Program Will Have 10,000 Bikes, 600 Stations Template:Webarchive, Ecogeek, by Megan Treacy, 14 September 2011, Accessed 21 June 2019
  9. "Citi Bike – Your bike sharing system in New York City". citibikenyc.com. 
  10. "Chicago, Like New York, Facing Bike-Share Delay – Metropolis – WSJ". The Wall Street Journal. 
  11. "VLS & Stats, NewYork". ifsttar.fr. 
  12. "Cycle of Citi Bike suffering ends here". Crain's New York Business. 
  13. "The forgotten radical history of bike sharing". betterbikeshare.org. Retrieved 21 June 2019. 
  14. "The Evolution of Free-Floating Bike-Sharing in China". sustainabletransport.org. Retrieved 21 June 2019.