Difference between revisions of "Timeline of bioethics"
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| 2009 || Organization || {{w|Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues}} || | | 2009 || Organization || {{w|Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues}} || | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | 2011 || Literature || | + | | 2011 || Literature || Triannual academic journal ''{{w|Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics}}'' is first issued.<ref>{{cite web |title=“Reasonable Accommodation” for Families of ‘Brain Dead’ Patients |url=https://bioethics.georgetown.edu/tag/narrative-ethics/ |website=bioethics.georgetown.edu |accessdate=17 September 2018}}</ref> || |
|- | |- | ||
| 2015 || Literature || American bioethicist {{w|Alice Dreger}} publishes {{w|Galileo's Middle Finger}}, which discusses the ethics of medical research.<ref>{{cite web |title=‘Galileo’s Middle Finger,’ by Alice Dreger |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/19/books/review/galileos-middle-finger-by-alice-dreger.html |website=nytimes.com |accessdate=17 September 2018}}</ref> || {{w|United States}} | | 2015 || Literature || American bioethicist {{w|Alice Dreger}} publishes {{w|Galileo's Middle Finger}}, which discusses the ethics of medical research.<ref>{{cite web |title=‘Galileo’s Middle Finger,’ by Alice Dreger |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/19/books/review/galileos-middle-finger-by-alice-dreger.html |website=nytimes.com |accessdate=17 September 2018}}</ref> || {{w|United States}} |
Revision as of 15:56, 17 September 2018
This is a timeline of bioethics.
Contents
Big picture
Time period | Development summary |
---|---|
1960s | Bioethics as a distinct field of academic study is born in the United States, merging from a cluster of scientific and cultural developments in the country during that decade.[1] |
1970s – 1980s | " Many bioethics programs and degrees were established at universities in the USA during the 1970s and 1980s in order to provide students−most notably medical, law, and public policy students−with some expertise in medical ethics to deal with complex cases."[2] Feminist bioethics develops from the early 1970s on and is initially focused on medical ethics; proponents later extend the areas of interest to issues in the fields of animal and environmental ethics.[2] |
Full timeline
Year | Event type | Details | Location |
---|---|---|---|
1927 | German theologian Fritz Jahr publishes article using the German term “Bio-Ethik” (which translates as “Bio-Ethics”) and argues, both for the establishment of a new academic discipline, and for the practice of a new, more civilized, ethical approach to issues concerning human beings and the environment. Jahr would publish similar articles discussing bioethics in 1928, and 1934.[2] | Germany | |
1947 | Nuremberg Code.[2] | ||
1954 | Literature | Joseph F. Fletcher publishes Morals and Medicine: The Moral Problems of the Patient’s Right to Know the Truth, Contraception, Artificial Insemination, Sterilization, and Euthanasia.[3][2] | |
1964 | The Declaration of Helsinki is created in order to provide researchers and physicians with ethical guidelines.[2] | Finland | |
1966 | Organization | Schlesinger Institute for Medical-Halachic Research is founded.[4][5] | Israel |
1966 | The first medical ethics committees in Europe emerge in the United Kingdom and Sweden.[6] | United Kingdom, Sweden | |
1970 | Literature | Paul Ramsey publishes The Patient as Person: Explorations in Medical Ethics.[7][2] | |
1970 | The Institute of Society, Ethics and the Life Sciences (later Hastings Center) is founded. A freestanding bioethics center, it is the first institution devoted to the study of bioethical questions.[1][8] | United States | |
1970 | Literature | Van Rensselaer Potter publishes his article Bioethics, the Science of Survival, which suggests viewing bioethics as a global movement in order to foster concern for the environment and ethics.[2][8] | |
1971 | Literature | Van Rensselaer Potter publishes book Bioethics: Bridge to the Future.[8] | |
1971 | Organization | The Joseph and Rose Kennedy Center for the Study of Human Reproduction and Bioethics (now known as Kennedy Center) opens at Georgetown University. With similar goals to those of The Hastings Center, the Kennedy Institute is however placed inside the traditional academy.[1][8] | United States |
1973 | Dan Callahan writes essay Bioethics as a Discipline, whose title is the first entry of the word "bioethics" in the catalogue of the National Library of Congress.[8] In the article, Callahan argues for the establishment of a new academic discipline.[2] | United States | |
1975 | Literature | The Journal of Medical Ethics is launched.[9][10] | |
1975 | Peter Singer claims that human beings must consider the equal interests of human beings and animals alike.[2] | ||
1979 | Organization | The Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences officially establishes its own private central ethical committee.[6] | Switzerland |
1981 | Organization | Japan establishes its first ethics committee, at the Medical Institute of Tokyo University.[6] | Japan |
1985 | Literature | Zhi-zheng Du's Outline of Medical Ethics is published in China as the first systematic textbook of medical ethics after the cultural revolution of the 1960s and 1970s.[11] | China |
1986 | Literature | Biology and Philosophy is launched.[12] | |
1987 | Organization | The European Society for Philosophy of Medicine and Health Care is founded by an international company of philosophers, physicians, ethicists and other interested professionals in the field.[13] | |
1987 | Literature | Journal Bioethics is first released. | United Kingdom |
1987 | Literature | Ren-zong Qiu's Bioethics is published as the first bioethics book in China.[11] | China |
1988 | Literature | Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics is established.[14] | |
1988 | Literature | Zhao-xiong He's History of Chinese Medical Morality is published, providing material on medical ethics from ancient to current China.[11] | China |
1991 | Organization | London-based Nuffield Council on Bioethics is established by the Nuffield Foundation to adress numerous bioethical issues in need of analysis.[15][16][17] | United Kingdom |
1992 | Literature | Quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics is launched.[18] | |
1993 | Organization | The International Bioethics Committee is established by UNESCO to provide guidance on ethical and legal issues raised by research in medicine, biological sciences and associated technologies, and to reinforce knowledge in ethics.[19][20] | |
1993 | Journal | The Indian Journal of Medical Ethics is launched.[21] | India |
1998 | Literature | Journal Medicine Health Care and Philosophy is launched by the European Society For Philosophy Of Medicine And Healthcare.[13] | |
1999 | Literature | AMA Journal of Ethics is launched.[22] | United States |
1999 | Literature | The American Journal of Bioethics is launched.[23] | United Sattes |
1999 | Organization | Indigenous Peoples Council on Biocolonialism | |
2001 | Literature | Journal The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly | |
2001 | Organization | International Society for Stem Cell Research | |
2001 | Organization | The President's Council on Bioethics | |
2004 | Literature | Journal of Bioethical Inquiry is released by the University of Otago Bioethics Centre.[24] | New Zeland |
2004 | Literature | Medical ethicist James Hughes publishes Citizen Cyborg: Why Democratic Societies Must Respond to the Redesigned Human of the Future, which argues that technologies pushing the boundaries of humanness can radically improve our quality of life if they are controlled democratically.[25] | |
2006 | Literature | Quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal BioSocieties is released.[26] | |
2008 | Literature | The International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics is launched to encourage more work in feminist bioethics.[27][28] | |
2008 | The Catholic Church published a document entitled Dignitas Personae, about a range of bioethical issues related to the areas of assisted reproduction and human genetics. The paper analizes and comments the bioethical thinking of the Catholic Church.[29] | ||
2009 | Organization | Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues | |
2011 | Literature | Triannual academic journal Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics is first issued.[30] | |
2015 | Literature | American bioethicist Alice Dreger publishes Galileo's Middle Finger, which discusses the ethics of medical research.[31] | United States |
Meta information on the timeline
How the timeline was built
The initial version of the timeline was written by FIXME.
Funding information for this timeline is available.
Feedback and comments
Feedback for the timeline can be provided at the following places:
- FIXME
What the timeline is still missing
Timeline update strategy
See also
External links
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Bioethics - History Of Bioethics". science.jrank.org. Retrieved 1 September 2018.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 "Bioethics". iep.utm.edu. Retrieved 1 September 2018.
- ↑ "Morals and Medicine". press.princeton.edu. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- ↑ "Dr. Falk Schlesinger Institute for Medical-Halachic Research". medethics.org.il. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
- ↑ "Partnership with the Dr. Falk Schlesinger Institute for Medical-Halachic Research and the International Responsa Project". israelrabbis.org. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Have, Ten; Gordijn, Bert. Bioethics in a European Perspective.
- ↑ Ashley, Benedict M. Health Care Ethics: A Catholic Theological Analysis, Fifth Edition.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Guinn, David E. Handbook of Bioethics and Religion.
- ↑ "Editor-in-Chief Journal of Medical Ethics". blogs.bmj.com. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
- ↑ VEATCH, ROBERT M. "How Philosophy of Medicine Has Changed Medical Ethics". Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Cherry, Mark J.; Peppin, John F. Annals of Bioethics: Regional Perspectives in Bioethics.
- ↑ "Biology and Philosophy". link.springer.com. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 "The European Society For Philosophy Of Medicine And Healthcare". espmh.org. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
- ↑ Barnhill, Anne; Doggett, Tyler. The Oxford Handbook of Food Ethics.
- ↑ National bioethics committees in action. UNESCO.
- ↑ Weir, Robert F.; Olick, Robert S.; Murray, Jeffrey C. The Stored Tissue Issue: Biomedical Research, Ethics, and Law in the Era of Genomic Medicine.
- ↑ Global Bioethics: The Impact of the UNESCO International Bioethics Committee. Alireza Bagheri, Jonathan D. Moreno, Stefano Semplici.
- ↑ "Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees".
- ↑ Global Bioethics: The Impact of the UNESCO International Bioethics Committee (Alireza Bagheri, Jonathan D. Moreno, Stefano Semplici ed.).
- ↑ ten Have, Henk. Global Bioethics: An introduction.
- ↑ Jesani, Amar. "In the 25th year of bioethics publishing: new challenges of the post-truth era". Retrieved 3 September 2018.
- ↑ "AMA Journal of Ethics". journalofethics.ama-assn.org. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- ↑ "American Journal of Bioethics". bioethics.net. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- ↑ "Journal of bioethical inquiry".
- ↑ "Citizen Cyborg: Why Democratic Societies Must Respond to the Redesigned Human of the Future". goodreads.com. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
- ↑ "BioSocieties". andymiah.net. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
- ↑ "Feminist Bioethics". stanford.library.sydney.edu.au. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- ↑ "International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics". researchgate.net. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- ↑ Pastor, LM. "[Ethical analysis and commentary of Dignitas Personae document: from continuity toward the innovation].". PMID 21692553.
- ↑ ""Reasonable Accommodation" for Families of 'Brain Dead' Patients". bioethics.georgetown.edu. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- ↑ "'Galileo's Middle Finger,' by Alice Dreger". nytimes.com. Retrieved 17 September 2018.