Timeline of contact tracing in the COVID-19 pandemic

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Year Month and date Event type Details Location
2020 February 3 Mobile app launch Lithuanian based company Bitsens launches a coronavirus app, even when the virus has not reached Lithuania yet.[1] Lithuania
2020 February 11 Mobile app launch The Chinese Government launches coronavirus 'close contact detector' app. In order to make an inquiry, users are required to scan a QR code on their smartphones using apps like Alipay or WeChat. Once the new app is registered with a phone number, users must enter their name and ID number. Every registered phone number can then be used to check the status of up to three ID numbers.[2] China
2020 February PathCheck "Founded at MIT in the research group of Prof. Ramesh Raskar, PathCheck Foundation is 501(c)3 charitable organization dedicated to creating healthy and resilient communities by containing the pandemic, revitalizing the economy, and preserving the privacy of individual citizens. " "PathCheck was founded in February, 2020, at MIT by a passionate community of people and organizations to contain the spread of COVID-19 and help revitalize economies without sacrificing personal privacy. We’ve been pioneers in digital contact tracing and exposure notification technology. Their original technology was based on the MIT Private Kit"[3][4]
2020 March 9 Digital privacy "Spying concerns raised over Iran's official COVID-19 detection app” "Google has removed today an Android app from the official Play Store that was developed by the Iranian government to test and keep track of COVID-19 (coronavirus) infections. Before being removed from the Play Store, controversy surrounded the app, and several users accused the Iranian government of using the COVID-19 scare to trick citizens into installing the app and then collecting phone numbers and real-time geo-location data."[5] "Iran: Google withdraws Iranian government COVID-19 self-diagnosis app”[6] Iran
2020 March 9 Mobile app launch "Colombian president launches app to track COVID-19”[7] Colombia
2020 March 11 Background "The World Health Organization (WHO) to declare a pandemic on March 11, 2020"[8]
2020 March 12 Public Health England stops performing contact tracing, as widespread infections overwhelm capacity.[9][10] England
2020 March 18 Mobile app launch “Coronavírus SUS – Brazil’s official app for clear communication” [11] Brazil
2020 March 20 Mobile app launch "Singapore launches contact tracing mobile app to track coronavirus infections" "E: A new mobile application called TraceTogether was launched on Friday (Mar 20) to support ongoing contact tracing efforts amid the COVID-19 outbreak in Singapore."[12][13] Singapore
2020 March 20 "Taiwan's new 'electronic fence' for quarantines leads wave of virus monitoring” [14] Taiwan
2020 March 20 Mobile app launch "Sri Lanka: MDIIT launches mobile app to track Coronavirus” [15] Sri Lanka
2020 March 24 Mobile app launch "The contact tracing app, called COVID Trace, will be entirely opt-in, meaning that not only will users have to download the app in order to take advantage of its functionality, but those who test positive for COVID-19 will have to take an additional step in the app to notify those they may have come in contact with of a possible exposure” [16] United States (Nevada)
2020 March 25 Mobile app launch Stopp Corona App[8] “In March 2020, the Austrian Red Cross (in cooperation with Accenture Austria and the Uniqa private foundation) introduced an app (called “Stopp Corona”) to trace contacts for preventing the spread COVID-19 infections” [17][18] Austria
2020 April 1 Protocol introduction Pan-European Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing[19]
2020 April 2 Mobile app launch The Government of India launches Aarogya Setu, aimed at enabling people to assess themselves the risk of their catching Covid-19 infection. The app is available in 11 languages.[20] India
2020 April 3 Mobile app launch The Government of Peru announces launch of app that would allow users share their location in the event that they have tested positive for Coronavirus.[21] Peru
2020 April 4 Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing[22]
2020 April 8 Mobile app launch Egypt launches mobile application to track both new coronavirus cases and those in contact with patients.[23][24] Egypt
2020 April 9 Mobile app launch Afghan ministries announce launch Coronavirus tracking app corona.asan.gov.af.[25][26][27] Afghanistan
2020 April 14 Mobile app launch COVIDSafe launches in Australia, with the purpose to monitor people's daily interactions using GPS. Launched as an opt-in, it is calculated that the app would require at least 40 per cent of citizens to use it to be effective.[28] Australia
2020 April 14 Mobile app launch "Turkey to use contact-tracing app to detect coronavirus”[29] Turkey
2020 April 16 Protocol introduction Whisper Tracing Protocol[30]
2020 April 16 Mobile app launch "The team behind Nodle.io, an Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity and security startup, today announces the launch of Coalition, a free, privacy-first contact tracing app to help stop the spread of COVID-19. "[31]
2020 April 17 Mobile app launch “MCMC launches contact tracing app: Gerak Malaysia (update: not approved by Mosti)”[32] Malaysia
2020 April 21 Digital privacy A Australian Government Services minister announces laws to be introduced in the country with the purpose to strenghten user privacy.[33] Australia
2020 April 23 “Members of the University community are hereby informed of the introduction of COVID-CONNECT, a virtual monitoring app with a back-end Care Coordination Centre at the University of Ghana Medical Centre (UGMC) that gives subscribers access to needed clinical support from a team of medical experts and specialists. The digital health service, launched on April 23, 2020 at the UGM, seeks to address all COVID-19 related issues that clients may have by giving them easy access to high trained medical specialists at the UGMC from the comfort and safety of their homes.” [34] Ghana
2020 April 24 Mobile app launch ProteGO launches in Poland, becoming one of EU’s first official Covid-19 tracking applications. This version requires users to enter their data themselves for the purposes of health self-monitoring.[35] Poland
2020 April 26 Mobile app launch "Australia launched a controversial coronavirus tracing app yesterday and promised to legislate privacy protections around it as the authorities try to get the country and the economy back onto a more normal footing”[36] "Australia launches controversial COVID-19 tracking app as some states start easing rules” [37] Australia
2020 April 27 Mobile app launch "‘Act at Home’ app is launched to counteract the spread of COVID-19 in Ukraine”[38] Ukraine
2020 April “New eRouška application, which the Ministry of Health has taken under its patronage and which should facilitate an easier, faster, and more effective process of looking up people who are at high risk of infection due to contact with an infected person” [39] Czech Republic
2020 May 2 "Korean health officials are also developing "smart city" tools to bolster existing networks of testing and contact tracing, but some privacy advocates are pushing back”[40] South Korea
2020 May 2 Mobile app launch “Coronavirus: Cyprus launches voluntary tracking app to halt spread” [41] Cyprus
2020 May 4 Mobile app launch "The UK government will appeal to Britons’ sense of civic responsibility to encourage use of the new NHS contact-tracing app, despite an admission from its developer that it “might not work” when first rolled out”[42] United Kingdom
2020 May 4 "Niger launches chatbot on WhatsApp to answer COVID-19 queries” [43] Niger
2020 May 4 "A new contact-tracing app for managing the coronavirus outbreak will be piloted on the Isle of Wight this week, the health secretary has confirmed, despite concerns its centralised setup carries privacy risks and will reduce uptake”[44]
2020 May 6 Mobile app launch "Algeria: NATP announces development of Coronavirus apps”[45] Algeria
2020 May 10 "Coronavirus: Zambia sex workers praised for contact tracing” [46] Zambia
2020 May 10 "Syrian government surveillance campaign turns to spreading malware in coronavirus apps” [47] Syrian
2020 May 14 Mobile app launch "India launches contact-tracing app for JioPhones in virus battle”[48] India
2020 May 14 “The USAID Digital Health Activity (DHA), led by JSI, is applying its expertise in digital health and supply chain to play a leading role in Ethiopia’s response to COVID-19. The application also supports active case detection through contact-tracing activities, such as identification and follow-up of contacts of a suspected or confirmed COVID-19 case”[49]
2020 May 14 Mobile app launch “Thailand to launch COVID-19 tracing application to facilitate disease-control tracking of customers as shops reopen”[50] Thailand
2020 May 19 Mobile app launch “Covid-19 tracing app launched earlier than expected” [51] NZ COVID Tracer[52] New Zealand
2020 May 20 "Apple and Google release their coronavirus contact-tracing software to 22 countries around the world and say it WILL work across borders” [53] Netherlands
2020 May 20 Mobile app launch "Aga Khan Health Services and Aga Khan University launch COVID-19 self-screening app in Tanzania”[54] Tanzania
2020 May 20 The Exposure Notification (GAEN) system, originally known as the Privacy-Preserving Contact Tracing Project,[55][56] is introduced as a framework and protocol specification developed by Apple Inc. and Google to facilitate digital contact tracing during the COVID-19 pandemic.[57][58][59][60]
2020 May 20 "Apple and Google release their coronavirus contact-tracing software to 22 countries around the world and say it WILL work across borders” [61] Netherlands
2020 May 23 Mobile app launch "Ugandans develop app for Covid-19 contact tracing”[62] Uganda
2020 May 26 Digital privacy "Serious security vulnerabilities in Qatar’s mandatory contact tracing app, uncovered by Amnesty International, must act as a wake-up call for governments rolling-out COVID-19 apps to ensure privacy safeguards are central to the technology”[63] Qatar
2020 May 28 Organization NHS Test and Trace is formed in England as a government-funded service with the purpose to track and help prevent the spread of COVID-19. It is run by the National Institute for Health Protection.[64][65] United Kingdom (England)
2020 May 28 Mobile app launch “Latvia to launch Google-Apple friendly coronavirus contact tracing app” [66] Apturi Covid[67] Latvia
2020 May Digital privacy "In May 2020, Serco accidentally shared the personal email addresses of nearly 300 trainee COVID-19 contact tracers."[68]
2020 June 1 Mobile app launch Immuni[69] “Italy launches COVID-19 contact-tracing app amid privacy concerns”[70] “Italy has released its official COVID-19 contact-tracing app, which is built on the framework developed by Apple and Google to track infections” [71] Italy
2020 June 4 Mobile app launch "The Argentine Government Created COVID-19 Database”[72] Argentina
2020 June 5 Mobile app launch "The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) has revealed that it has developed a Covid-19 contact-tracing application that will be deployed in all its locations across the country”[73]
2020 June 5 Mobile app launch “Bangladesh finally gets its own contact tracing app”[74] Bangladesh
2020 June 5 Mobile app launch "Morocco: Ministry of Health announces launch of tracing app”[75] Morocco
2020 June 8 Mobile app launch "Young engineers from Burkina Faso together with a colleague studying in Wuhan launched DiagnoseMe app to detect symptoms of Covid-19” [76] Burkina Faso
2020 June 9 Privacy Poland releases a new version of the Covid-19 contact tracing app ProteGO Safe, now adapted to address concerns about privacy. Previously, the official contact-tracing app released by the government spurred debate on privacy and surveillance during the pandemic, with critics seeing ample opportunity for abuse.[77][78][79] Poland
2020 June 9 Digital privacy "Pakistan's Covid-19 App Becomes Laughing Stock as it Fails at Contact Tracing, Privacy”[80]
2020 June 10 Digital privacy "French hacker claims Pakistan's covid-19 contact tracing app reveals patients' locations, govt denies claims”[81]
2020 June 12 "Uzbekistan to develop mobile app to trace contacts of confirmed Covid-19 cases”[82] Uzbekistan
2020 June 14 Mobile app launch The Saudi Authority for Data and Artificial Intelligence (SDAIA) launches Tabaud, a contact-tracing app aimed to track COVID-19. Saudi Arabia becomes one of the latest countries to use the Apple-Google Exposure Notification System. Users can share their information and then contact those having come into contact with. If a user tests positive, a notification would be sent to users who came into close contact with the infected user during the last 14 days.[83][84] Saudi Arabia
2020 June 15 Coronavirus UY[85] Uruguay
2020 June 15 "The Norwegian government’s decision to stop using its COVID-19 contact tracing app is a major win for privacy and comes hours before Amnesty International releases a damning analysis of the app”[86] Norway
2020 June 15 Mobile app launch “App launched with alert of exposure to covid-19 in Uruguay” [87] Uruguay
2020 June 16 Mobile app launch Corona-Warn-App " In Germany, the Robert Koch Institute launched its “Corona-Warn-App” on June 16, 2020."[88] “ Germany launches 'best' coronavirus tracing app”[89][18] Germany
2020 June 16 Digital privacy An investigation by Amnesty International reveals that Bahrain’s ‘BeAware Bahrain’, Kuwait’s ‘Shlonik’ and Norway’s ‘Smittestopp’ apps stand out among the most dangerous contact tracing apps regarding privacy, "with all three actively carrying out live or near-live tracking of users’ locations by frequently uploading GPS coordinates to a central server".[90] Bahrain, Kuwait, Norway
2020 June 17 “Beat COVID Gibraltar has been developed by HM Government of Gibraltar and the Gibraltar Health Authority to help reduce the spread of the COVID-19 virus and keep our community safe” [91] Gibraltar
2020 June 17 Mobile app launch "Germany launched a coronavirus tracing system that officials say is so secure even government ministers can use it.”[92] Germany
2020 June 18 "BIOS runs contact tracing without recording personal data, which other apps developed by Apple and Google cannot do"[93]
2020 June 18 Mobile app launch “Denmark launches coronavirus app Smittestop” [94] Smittestop[95] Denmark
2020 June 18 BEAT Covid Gibraltar.[96] Gibraltar
2020 June 19 Mobile app launch “Japan rolls out Microsoft-developed COVID-19 contact tracing app” [97][98] Japan
2020 June 19 COCOA[99] Japan
2020 June 21 careFIJI[100] Fiji
2020 June 24 "Romania develops app to track coronavirus patients and their contacts” [101] Romania
2020 June 25 Mobile app launch SwissCovid[102] “Switzerland launches SwissCovid tracing app for residents” [103] Switzerland
2020 June 28 Mobile app launch “In Mozambique the government has launched a free Covid-19 hotline”[104] Mozambique
2020 June 29 Mobile app launch “Spain launches first phase of coronavirus-tracking app”[105]"Spain launches first phase of coronavirus-tracking app”[105] Spain
2020 June 30 Healthy Together[106]
2020 June 30 Radar COVID[107] Spain
2020 July 02 Mobile app launch “Governor County Government of Kisumu presided launch of COVIDConnect mobile app in Kenya” [108] Kenya
2020 July 7 Mobile app launch COVID Tracker Ireland[109] Ireland
2020 July 13 Program launch “Government of Mexico City Implements Avaya Contact Center Solutions for Contact Tracing, Conducting 2,700 Tests Daily Across 117 Health Centers” "The Government of Mexico City and its Digital Agency for Public Innovation have implemented a Detection, Protection and Safeguard program to address COVID-19, featuring contact tracing solutions from Avaya (NYSE:AVYA) to help enable the city and its citizens to emerge from the pandemic. The program is implemented in conjunction with Locatel, the government contact center committed to informing and guiding the citizens of Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area with timely and reliable service, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year."[110] Mexico
2020 July 13 Mobile app launch "Kenya launches web-based app to trace COVID-19 cases”[111] Kenya
2020 July 21 Digital privacy "Major Security Flaws Found in South Korea Quarantine App” "The defects, which have been fixed, exposed private details of people in quarantine. The country has been hailed as a pioneer in digital public health."[112] South Korea
2020 July 27 Mobile app launch “Croatia Launches New ‘STOP COVID-19’ Tracing App” [113] Croatia
2020 July 30 StopCOVID NI[114] “Northern Ireland launches UK's first COVID-19 tracker app” [115] Northern Ireland
2020 July 31 COVID Alert[116] “Canada launches COVID-19 tracking app” [117] “Canada’s COVID Alert app is a case of tech-driven bad policy design” [118] "Canada launches COVID-19 contact tracing app as restrictions loosen”[119] Canada
2020 July 31 Coronavírus-SUS Brazil
2020 End of July Education "By the end of July 2020, more than half a million people had enrolled for a free online Covid-19 contact-tracing course offered by Johns Hopkins"[120]
2020 August 5 Mobile app launch COVIDWise launches in Virginia.[121] United States (Virginia)
2020 August 5 "Brazil integrates Apple-Google exposure notification tech into coronavirus app”[122]
2020 August 6 Mobile app launch "US' first Apple-Google COVID-19 tracing app goes live in Virginia”[123] United States (Virginia)
2020 August 12 Userbase “ Vietnam. Some 15.7 million smartphone users had downloaded Bluezone, a locally-developed contact-tracing app to identify and alert people who have interacted with COVID-19 patients”[124] Vietnam
2020 August 13 Mobile app launch “New 'app' that notifies contact with a covid-19 case is ready in Ecuador” [125] Ecuador
2020 August 13 Mobile app launch Care19 Alert[126] North Dakota
2020 August 14 Mobile app launch Care19 Alert[127] Wyoming
2020 August 17 Mobile app launch GuideSafe[128] “Alabama’s GuideSafe Exposure Notification App launches statewide” [129] Alabama
2020 August 18 Mobile app launch “Slovenia Releases Contact Tracing App for Android Users” [130] Slovenia
2020 August 19 Mobile app launch Covid Watch[131] “UA launches Covid Watch Arizona app” [132] Arizona
2020 August 20 Mobile app launch Hoia[133] “Estonia launches coronavirus exposure notification app 'HOIA'” [134] Estonia
2020 August 31 Mobile app launch Koronavilkku "The Koronavilkku smartphone app has now been published to help break infection chains. You can now download Koronavilkku to your phone free of charge from the most popular app stores." "“The Koronavilkku mobile app is part of the Government's test, trace, isolate and treat strategy. The app makes it more efficient to reach people exposed to the virus and refer them to treatment. This way, infection chains can also be broken more efficiently”, says Kirsi Varhila, Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health." [135][136] “Health agency THL launched its 'Koronavilkku' smartphone app on Monday” [137] Finland
2020 September 1 Mobile app launch COVID Alert SA "Now you can, by downloading and using the COVID Alert SA app, the South African government’s official Bluetooth contact-tracing app. It’s built on the Apple–Google Exposure Notifications application programmable interface (API). User privacy and security are at the core of the design. Anyone in South Africa who has a Bluetooth-enabled smartphone can access this app."[138][139] South Africa
2020 September 1 Mobile app launch STAYAWAY COVID[140] Portugal
2020 September 3 "Some of the country’s biggest private companies are supporting StaySafe.ph, a contact tracing application launched Thursday by the national government to mitigate the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019” - Philippines -[141]
2020 September 3 Mobile app launch "South Africa launches free COVID-19 contact tracing app” "COVID Alert South Africa is a cutting-edge mobile application that uses the Exposure Notification system created by Apple and Google in line with global best practices. It uses Bluetooth technology to notify users if they have been in contact with coronavirus, including strangers in retail stores, in public transport, or in any public space."[142] South Africa
2020 September 9 Mobile app launch “Myanmar government developed a covid-19 tracking app” "The Myanmar Computer Federation (MCF) has developed the official contact-tracing app, “Saw Saw Shar”, to facilitate containment efforts of the COVID-19 Control and Emergency Response ICT team under the Ministry of Transport & Communication, and the Ministry of Health and Sports. In addition to monitoring symptoms, the app provides timely notifications on nearby potential high-risk areas with positive cases, and the official COVID-19 hotlines contacts, closest fever clinics and quarantine center."[143] Myanmar
2020 September 10 Mobile app launch "Scotland launched a nationwide COVID-19 contact-tracing application called Protect Scotland, ZDNet reports”[144] United Kingdom (Scotland)
2020 September 10 Mobile app launch Guam Covid Alert "Guam is the first U.S. Territory to launch an exposure notification app developed by engineers with Apple, Google, and the PathCheck Foundation that uses Bluetooth technology for digital contact tracing." [145][146] Guam
2020 September 11 Mobile app launch Protect Scotland "It became available to download free on to a smart phone from Apple's App Store or Google Play on Thursday. The Protect Scotland app lets people know if they have been in close contact with someone who later tests positive. The Scottish government has said the software will support the Test and Protect system and is "another tool in the fight against Covid-19"."[147] “England and Wales' contact-tracing app gets launch date”[148] United Kingdom
2020 September 15 Mobile app launch COVID Alert DE "Gov. John Carney, the Delaware Department of Health and Social Services, and the Delaware Department of Technology and Information on Sept. 15 launched COVID Alert DE – a mobile app available in the App Store or Google Play that will help Delaware fight community spread of COVID-19. "[149][150] “State of Delaware Launches COVID Alert DE Mobile App[151] United States (Delaware)
2020 September 17 Mobile app launch eRouška (eMask) [152][153] Czech Republic
2020 September 18 Mobile app launch “Government launches Covid-19 contact tracing app; public urged to download and install it” [154] Malta
2020 September 22 Mobile app launch SlowCOVIDNC [155][156] North Carolina
2020 September 22 Mobile app launch "NCDHHS launches contact tracing app SlowCOVIDNC” [157]
2020 September 24 Mobile app launch NHS COVID-19 "NHS coronavirus app to launch in England and Wales on 24 September"[158]
2020 September 24 Mobile app launch COVID Alert PA [159] Pennsylvania
2020 September 30 Mobile app launch " Belgium has rolled out its own contact tracing app to its citizens. The app, called Coronalert, is available to download from the Belgium App Store now. According to the report, the app will work in all three regions and different languages in the country." Coronalert[160] “Belgium the latest to launch contact tracing app based on Apple/Google tech” [161] Belgium
2020 October 1 Mobile app launch "Governor Phil Murphy and New York Governor Andrew M. Cuomo today announced the launch of COVID-19 exposure notification mobile apps in their respective states that will serve as crucial tools to supplement the effort to trace and contact individuals subject to a COVID exposure. The apps, COVID Alert NJ and COVID Alert NY, notify users of potential COVID-19 exposure while maintaining user privacy and security. With today’s launch, New Jersey and New York join Pennsylvania and Delaware in creating a regional COVID Alert app network that operates across state lines to stop the spread of COVID-19. Connecticut has also announced it will launch an app in the near future using the same technology."[162]
2020 October 8 Mobile app launch "Kazakhstan launches COVID-19 contact tracing app” [163] Kazakhstan
2020 October 10 Mobile app launch "The long-awaited Dutch COVID-19 notification app ‘CoronaMelder’ was launched on Saturday, 10 October. The result is outstanding: an app designed according to the privacy by design requirements, with an appropriate legal framework, in a temporary Act. I am proud of having been able to contribute as a member of the multidisciplinary Digital Guidance Committee for the Fight against COVID-19." CoronaMelder "Nearly six months after talks started about an official Dutch coronavirus notification application, the CoronaMelder mobile app will be ready for use nationally on Saturday, the Cabinet said in a statement. The start date of October 10 was delayed by over seven weeks from its initial release date as the country continued to grapple with a shortage of test capacity to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infections."[164] Netherlands
2020 October 14 Mobile app launch Jersey COVID Alert[165] Jersey
2020 October 14 Mobile app launch "A new coronavirus contact-tracing app has been launched in Jersey. The Covid alert app will send an exposure warning to those who may have been in close contact with an infected person” [166].
2020 October 19 Mobile app launch “D.C.’s COVID-19 Exposure Notification System Launches Tuesday” [167] USA – District of Columbia
2020 October 23 Mobile app launch “Colorado launches COVID-19 exposure notifications via cellphone” [168] CO Exposure Notifications[169] Colorado
2020 October 26 Mobile app launch "France launches new contact tracing app, TousAntiCovid”[170] France
2020 November 9 Mobile app launch MI COVID Alert " Michigan launched the statewide rollout of a voluntary, free coronavirus app Monday, Nov. 9, 2020. The app notifies users if they have potentially been in close contact with infected people."[171] Michigan
2020 November 10 Mobile app launch "The Maryland Department of Health (MDH) today announced the launch of MD COVID Alert, the official COVID-19 Exposure Notifications Express system of Maryland. MD COVID Alert uses Bluetooth Low Energy technology to quickly notify users who might have been exposed to someone who tested positive for COVID-19 with the goal of reducing infections in Maryland."[172] United States (Maryland)
2020 November 11 Aloha Safe Alert Hawaii
2020 November 16 Mobile app launch “Connecticut Launches COVID Alert CT App” [173] Connecticut
2020 November 17 "Russia Develops Coronavirus Contact-Tracing App”[174] Russia
2020 November 23 Mobile app launch Gosuslugi “Russian government launches Covid contact-tracing app” [175] Russia
2020 November 23 Mobile app launch COVIDaware Minnesota
2020 November 30 WA Notify Washington (state)
2020 December 7 Mobile app launch “California launches app to alert people whose contacts test positive for coronavirus” [176] California
2020 December 11 Mobile app launch “WeHealth Bermuda App Launches” [177] Bermuda
2020 December 21 Mobile app launch Smittestopp launches in Norway. Within two days, the new infection control app would be downloaded 158,700 times, with already 41 people reporting that they are infected.[178] Norway
2020 December 23 "In “Americans’ Perceptions of Privacy and Surveillance in the COVID-19 Pandemic,” published Dec. 23 in PLOS One, Baobao Zhang, a Klarman Postdoctoral Fellow in the College of Arts and Sciences, and Sarah Kreps, the John L. Wetherill Professor of Government, report that Americans continue to be deeply skeptical of contact tracing technology and hesitant to adopt other preventive measures." [179] USA
2021 January 1 Mobile app launch "The Oregon Health Authority had released an app that would warn people if they were exposed to a COVID-19 outbreak”[180]
2021 February 2 Privacy "A group of Democratic Senators and Congressional membersproposed legislation meant to tackle the privacy and security issues tied to technologies used for the COVID-19 response, including contact tracing apps, digital monitoring tools, and vaccine appointment scheduling apps. The Public Health Emergency Privacy Act was introduced late Thursday, Janua” [181] USA

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References

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