Difference between revisions of "Timeline of hygiene"

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| 1853 || || " English soap tax abolished. Soap became widely used and was described by German chemist Justus von Liebig as an accurate measure of a country’s wealth and civilization." ||
 
| 1853 || || " English soap tax abolished. Soap became widely used and was described by German chemist Justus von Liebig as an accurate measure of a country’s wealth and civilization." ||
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| 1857 || || {{w|Toilet paper}} comes on sale in the United States, at first being sold in sheets.<ref name="Panati's Extraordinary Origins of Everyday Things">{{cite book|last1=Panati|first1=Charles|title=Panati's Extraordinary Origins of Everyday Things|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=utroDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA204&lpg=PA204&dq=%22in+1857+%22+%22toilet+paper%22&source=bl&ots=TDdk_HOFCz&sig=mXuzNzOmrwyj69CIoADhBg2r4z4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi2p9GrgL7VAhXGlJAKHSFrCRk4ChDoAQhLMAc#v=onepage&q=%22in%201857%20%22%20%22toilet%20paper%22&f=false|accessdate=4 August 2017}}</ref><ref name="A BRIEF HISTORY OF TOILETS"/> || {{w|United States}}
 
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| 1880s || || "1880s:  Toothpaste was mass produced in jars (USA), based on Dr Sheffield’s "Crème Dentifrice” invention of 1850." ||
 
| 1880s || || "1880s:  Toothpaste was mass produced in jars (USA), based on Dr Sheffield’s "Crème Dentifrice” invention of 1850." ||
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| 1888 || || "1888: The first cosmetic deodorant was patented under the name ‘Mum’. It was a paste made from zinc chloride and wax. " ||
 
| 1888 || || "1888: The first cosmetic deodorant was patented under the name ‘Mum’. It was a paste made from zinc chloride and wax. " ||
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| 1890 || || {{w|Toilet paper}} is first sold in rolls in the {{w|United States}}.<ref name="A BRIEF HISTORY OF TOILETS">{{cite web|title=A BRIEF HISTORY OF TOILETS|url=http://www.localhistories.org/toilets.html|website=localhistories.org|accessdate=4 August 2017}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
 
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| 1890s || || "1890s: Aluminium chloride was added to deodorants to reduce sweating. " ||
 
| 1890s || || "1890s: Aluminium chloride was added to deodorants to reduce sweating. " ||
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| 1898 || || "The first dental floss patent was awarded in the USA." ||
 
| 1898 || || "The first dental floss patent was awarded in the USA." ||
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| 1928 || || {{w|Toilet paper}} is first sold in rolls in Europe.<ref name="A BRIEF HISTORY OF TOILETS"/> || {{w|Europe}}
 
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| 1938 || || "Nylon bristles replaced hair, and were refined over time to become softer." ||
 
| 1938 || || "Nylon bristles replaced hair, and were refined over time to become softer." ||
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| 1940s || || "Dr Bass developed a more shred-resistant nylon floss and promoted teeth flossing as an important part of oral hygiene. Waxed floss was also made." ||
 
| 1940s || || "Dr Bass developed a more shred-resistant nylon floss and promoted teeth flossing as an important part of oral hygiene. Waxed floss was also made." ||
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| 1942 || || Soft toilet paper comes on sale.<ref name="A BRIEF HISTORY OF TOILETS"/> ||
 
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| 1945 || || "1945: Soap was replaced by other ingredients following the invention of synthetic detergents, making toothpastes smoother." ||
 
| 1945 || || "1945: Soap was replaced by other ingredients following the invention of synthetic detergents, making toothpastes smoother." ||
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==Meta information on the timeline==
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===How the timeline was built===
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The initial version of the timeline was written by [[User:Sebastian]].
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{{funding info}} is available.
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===What the timeline is still missing===
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===Timeline update strategy===
  
 
==See also==
 
==See also==

Revision as of 20:56, 23 August 2017

This is a timeline of hygiene. Toilet developent is covered on the timeline of sanitation.

Big picture

Time period Development summary
Middle Ages Soap making becomes an established trade. People in Medieval Europe probably baths more than people in the 19th century.[1]
19th Century Modern sanitation starts becoming adopted.

Full timeline

Year Event type Details Present time country/location
3000 BC "3000 BC: The first “toothbrush”? An early form of toothbrush was found in ancient Egyptian pyramids. It was a stick with one end flayed to soften the wood fibres." " The first “tooth powder”? Some sources report that Egyptians used tooth powder containing powdered ashes of ox hooves, myrrh, powdered burnt egg shells and pumice. Ancient Egyptians also freshened their breath by chewing on fragrant mixtures with honey."
2800 BC The earliest recorded evidence of the production of soap-like materials dates from this time in ancient Babylon.[2]
2200 BC A formula for soap consisting of water, alkali, and cassia oil is written on a Babylonian clay tablet.[3]
1700 BC "The first plumbed baths? Palace ruins at Knossos, Crete, revealed various bathrooms with water supplied through terra cotta pipes."
1600 BC "1600 BC: More early soap? The Ebers Papyrus (a ‘medical compendium’) describes the ancient Egyptian practice of combining oils with alkaline salts to form a soap-like material for treating skin diseases and for washing. "
1550 BC "The Ebers papyrus (Egypt, 1550 BC) indicates the ancient Egyptians bathed regularly and combined animal and vegetable oils with alkaline salts to create a soap-like substance. Egyptian documents mention a soap-like substance was used in the preparation of wool for weaving."
753 BC–476 AD Regular bathing is a distinctive feature of the Roman civilization.[4] Italy
600 BC "in 600 BC the Phoenicians prepared soap from goat’s tallow and wood ashes."
556–539 BC "In the reign of Nabonidus (556–539 BC), a recipe for soap consisted of uhulu ashes, cypress oil and sesame seed oil "for washing the stones for the servant girls"."[5]
500 BC "500 BC: Gentlemanly etiquette in China required hand washing five times a day, hair washing every third day and a hot bath every fifth day."
460 BC – 377 BC “Hygiene” becomes known as the branch of medicine dedicated to the "art of health," (as distinct from therapeutics, the treatment of disease).[6]
460 – 377 BC Greek physician Hippocrates conceives hygiene as “an influence of atmosphere, soil, and water on human health”.[7] Greece
312 BC "312 BC: Public baths in Rome were supplied by aqueducts. Perfumed oils were used for bathing. Pumice and ashes were also rubbed over wet skin."
47 AD "AD 47: More early “toothpowders” and “toothpastes”. “Compositiones Medicamentorum”, the work of Roman physician Scribonius Largus, describes three different "toothpowder” mixtures, one containing vinegar, honey and salt; another with radish and finely ground glass; and a third using ground deer antler, a rare aromatic gum and rock salt. "
100 – 200 AD "Soap benefits realised. Greek physician Galen recommended soap for cleaning and medicinal purposes."
200 BC–450 AD Several Hindu texts, such as the Manusmriti and the Vishnu Purana, describe elaborate codes of hygiene. Bathing is one of the five Nitya karmas (daily duties) in Hinduism, and not performing it leads to sin, according to some scriptures.[8] India
300 – 500 SD "Instead of soap, Indian women used a turmeric cream with antiseptic properties"
500 – 600 AD "6th C: Japanese Buddhism taught that bathing purified the body of sin and also brought luck."
600 – 700 AD "The hammam, also known as the ‘Turkish Bath’, became a major feature of Islamic culture. The Quran requires cleanliness as an important part of Muslim faith: face, hand, forearm and feet washing before prayer, and whole body bathing after sex."
600 – 700 AD "Soap manufacture. Palestine, Iraq, Iran, Italy, Spain and France were the early centres of soapmaking, using vegetable and animal oils combined with ashes and fragrance."
1000–1200 AD Bathing is essential to the Western European upper class. "The Cluniac monasteries to which they resorted or retired were always provided with bathhouses, and even the monks were required to take full immersion baths twice a year, at the two Christian festivals of renewal, though exhorted not to uncover themselves from under their bathing sheets."[9] Europe
1100s "1100s: Self inflicted torture? At extremely hot steam bathhouses in Russia, people would undress, rub tallow over their bodies, then violently lash themselves with young reeds before dousing themselves with cold water!" Russia
1100s "1100s C: Soapmaking in England. Soap was such a highly taxed, luxury item that it was not widely used."
1240 English physician Gilbertus Anglicus publishes his Compendium Medicinae, which contains descriptions of hygiene and the care of one's appearance.[1]
1400s "1400s: The first “modern” toothbrush? The first precursor of the modern toothbrush was thought to come from China or Egypt in the 1400s. It had a bamboo or bone handle and bristles from the back of the neck of the wild boar, or from horsehair. This design spread to Europe."
1500s – 1600s "1500-1600s: “Dry cleaning”. In England, the rubbing action of linen underclothing replaced bathing. Underclothing was aired or laundered. "
1600s – 1700s "1600-1700s: Next to godliness? Puritans in the USA prioritised cleanliness, with Sunday washing linked to spiritual cleansing. Cleanliness became linked to respectability and moral virtue."
1791 "Raw material availability. Leblanc (France) patented the process for making soda ash, a major component of soap, from table salt."
1815 "1815: Dr Parmly, a New Orleans dentist, promoted teeth flossing with a piece of silk thread."
1823 "Chemical process revealed. French chemist Michel Eugène Chevruel showed how boiling fat with an alkali salt splits the fat molecule into the alkali salt of fatty acid (soap) and glycerol."
1824 "1824: A soap-containing toothpaste was introduced by Dr Peabody, a dentist."
1844 "1844: The first 3-row brush was designed."
1853 " English soap tax abolished. Soap became widely used and was described by German chemist Justus von Liebig as an accurate measure of a country’s wealth and civilization."
1857 Toilet paper comes on sale in the United States, at first being sold in sheets.[10][11] United States
1880s "1880s: Toothpaste was mass produced in jars (USA), based on Dr Sheffield’s "Crème Dentifrice” invention of 1850."
1882 "Mass production of unwaxed silk floss began in the USA."
1888 "1888: The first cosmetic deodorant was patented under the name ‘Mum’. It was a paste made from zinc chloride and wax. "
1890 Toilet paper is first sold in rolls in the United States.[11] United States
1890s "1890s: Aluminium chloride was added to deodorants to reduce sweating. "
1890s "1890s: Toothpaste was sold in collapsible tubes. "
1898 "The first dental floss patent was awarded in the USA."
1928 Toilet paper is first sold in rolls in Europe.[11] Europe
1938 "Nylon bristles replaced hair, and were refined over time to become softer."
1939 "The first electric toothbrush was designed."
1940s "Dr Bass developed a more shred-resistant nylon floss and promoted teeth flossing as an important part of oral hygiene. Waxed floss was also made."
1942 Soft toilet paper comes on sale.[11]
1945 "1945: Soap was replaced by other ingredients following the invention of synthetic detergents, making toothpastes smoother."
1952 "1952: The first roll-on deodorant, based on the design of the ballpoint pen, was marketed in the USA."
1963-1998 "Approximately 3000 toothbrush patents were filed worldwide! Innovations that have been retained in many present-day toothbrushes include angled bristles, angled handles and tongue-scrapers."
1965 "1965: The first anti-perspirant aerosol was marketed."
1975–1980 Sleep hygiene is developed as a recommended behavioral and environmental practice intended to promote better quality sleep. This recommendation is thought as a method to help people with mild to moderate insomnia. However, as of 2014, the evidence for effectiveness of individual recommendations is "limited and inconclusive".[12]
1989 British epidemiologiist David P. Strachan develops the hygiene hypothesis, which states that there is an inverse relationship between family size and development of atopic allergic disorders – the more children in a family, the less likely they are to develop these allergies.[13][14]
1990 "The WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (JMP) has produced regular estimates of national, regional and global progress on drinking water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) since 1990. "[15]
1996 "1996: Bathing holidays! 141 million people visited Japan’s 15,700 hot-spring inns in 12 months (the population of Japan was 125 million)!" Japan
2000 1229 million people worldwide practice open defecation.[15]
2015 OriFuji is introduced as an automatic toilet paper dispenser. The device automatically cuts the toilet papers and folds them into a neat triangle shape, making it easier for the next person to pull and roll out the paper.[16] Japan
2015 892 million people practice open defecation[15]

Meta information on the timeline

How the timeline was built

The initial version of the timeline was written by User:Sebastian.

Funding information for this timeline is available.

What the timeline is still missing

Timeline update strategy

See also

External links

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 "Thorndike, Tales of the Middle Ages - Daily Life". Gode Cookery. Retrieved 9 August 2017. 
  2. Willcox, Michael (2000). "Soap". In Hilda Butler. Poucher's Perfumes, Cosmetics and Soaps (10th ed.). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. p. 453. ISBN 0-7514-0479-9. The earliest recorded evidence of the production of soap-like materials dates back to around 2800 BCE in ancient Babylon. 
  3. Birnbaum, David. Jews, Church & Civilization, Volume I. Retrieved 21 August 2017. 
  4. "Roman bath houses". Time Team. Channel Four Television Corporation. Archived from the original on 4 February 2007. 
  5. Noted in Levey, Martin (1958). "Gypsum, salt and soda in ancient Mesopotamian chemical technology". Isis. 49 (3): 336–342 (341). JSTOR 226942. doi:10.1086/348678. 
  6. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named SNAPSHOTS_OF_PUBLIC_SANITATION
  7. Pappas, Georgios. "Insights into infectious disease in the era of Hippocrates". International Journal of Infectious Diseases. Retrieved 10 August 2017. 
  8. "Aryan Code of Toilets (2nd Century AD)". Sulabh International Museum of Toilets. 
  9. Philippe Braunstein "Solitude: eleventh to thirteenth century", in Georges Duby, ed. A History of Private Life: II. Revelations of the Medieval World 1988:525
  10. Panati, Charles. Panati's Extraordinary Origins of Everyday Things. Retrieved 4 August 2017. 
  11. 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 "A BRIEF HISTORY OF TOILETS". localhistories.org. Retrieved 4 August 2017. 
  12. Irish, Leah A.; Kline, Christopher E; Gunn, Heather E; Buysse, Daniel J; Hall, Martica H (October 2014). "The role of sleep hygiene in promoting public health: A review of empirical evidence". Sleep Medicine Reviews. 22: 23–36. PMC 4400203Freely accessible. PMID 25454674. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2014.10.001. 
  13. Bloomfield, SF; et al. "Too clean, or not too clean: the Hygiene Hypothesis and home hygiene". PMC 1448690Freely accessible. Retrieved 9 August 2017. 
  14. Strachan, DP (August 2000). "Family size, infection and atopy: the first decade of the 'hygiene hypothesis'". Thorax. 55 (1): S2–S10. PMC 1765943Freely accessible. 
  15. 15.0 15.1 15.2 "Progress on Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene 2017" (PDF). who.int. Retrieved 8 August 2017. 
  16. "The OriFuji Toilet Paper Dispenser Automatically Folds the End of the Paper Into a Triangle With Each Pull".