Difference between revisions of "Timeline of malaria in 2018"

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| May 18 || Scientific development (parasite) || Researchers from {{w|Louisiana State University}} report discovery of a small number of lizard species (''{{w|Prasinohaema}}'') in {{w|New Guinea}} have green blood (tinted by bile pigment) that may pack a toxic punch strong enough to wipe out malaria parasites.<ref>{{cite web |title=Neon-green lizard blood might be a key tool for fighting malaria |url=https://qz.com/1282286/neon-green-lizard-blood-might-be-a-key-tool-for-fighting-malaria-according-to-a-new-study/ |website=qz.com |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lizards with lime-green blood might lead to cure for malaria and other diseases |url=https://www.zmescience.com/science/green-blood-lizard-423423/ |website=zmescience.com |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The mystery of lime-green lizard blood |url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/05/180516172305.htm |website=sciencedaily.com |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=These Lizards Evolved Toxic Green Blood |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/some-reason-these-lizards-have-toxic-green-blood-180969103/ |website=smithsonianmag.com |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lizards keep evolving toxic green blood and we don’t know why |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2169131-lizards-keep-evolving-toxic-green-blood-and-we-dont-know-why/ |website=newscientist.com |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
 
| May 18 || Scientific development (parasite) || Researchers from {{w|Louisiana State University}} report discovery of a small number of lizard species (''{{w|Prasinohaema}}'') in {{w|New Guinea}} have green blood (tinted by bile pigment) that may pack a toxic punch strong enough to wipe out malaria parasites.<ref>{{cite web |title=Neon-green lizard blood might be a key tool for fighting malaria |url=https://qz.com/1282286/neon-green-lizard-blood-might-be-a-key-tool-for-fighting-malaria-according-to-a-new-study/ |website=qz.com |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lizards with lime-green blood might lead to cure for malaria and other diseases |url=https://www.zmescience.com/science/green-blood-lizard-423423/ |website=zmescience.com |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The mystery of lime-green lizard blood |url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/05/180516172305.htm |website=sciencedaily.com |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=These Lizards Evolved Toxic Green Blood |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/some-reason-these-lizards-have-toxic-green-blood-180969103/ |website=smithsonianmag.com |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lizards keep evolving toxic green blood and we don’t know why |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2169131-lizards-keep-evolving-toxic-green-blood-and-we-dont-know-why/ |website=newscientist.com |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
 
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| May 18 || || "A team of researchers led by a University of California, Riverside, scientist has found that various stages of the development of human malaria parasites, including stages involved in malaria transmission, are linked to epigenetic features and how chromatin—the complex of DNA and proteins within the nucleus—is organized and structured in these parasites."<ref>{{cite web |title=Research offers new insights into malaria parasite |url=https://phys.org/news/2018-05-insights-malaria-parasite.html |website=phys.org |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref> ||
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| May 18 || Scientific development (parasite) || Researchers at {{w|University of California, Riverside}} report finding that various stages of the development of human malaria parasites, including stages involved in malaria transmission, are linked to epigenetic features and how {{w|chromatin}}—the complex of DNA and proteins within the nucleus—is organized and structured in these parasites.<ref>{{cite web |title=Research offers new insights into malaria parasite |url=https://phys.org/news/2018-05-insights-malaria-parasite.html |website=phys.org |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
 
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| May 22 || || "Duke University" "Malaria-causing parasite manipulates liver cells to survive" "Discovery could lead to new treatments before symptoms appear" "Before invading the bloodstream, the malaria-causing Plasmodium parasite rapidly reproduces inside its host's liver cells. Researchers show that liver-stage Plasmodium relies on a host protein called aquaporin-3 to survive and copy itself. Inhibiting the function of aquaporin-3 may provide a new way to keep Plasmodium from proliferating and prevent malaria before symptoms start."<ref>{{cite web |title=Malaria-causing parasite manipulates liver cells to survive |url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/05/180522152117.htm |website=sciencedaily.com |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Malaria Parasite Tricks Liver Cells In Order To Survive And Reproduce |url=https://www.techtimes.com/articles/228331/20180523/malaria-parasite-tricks-liver-cells-in-order-to-survive-and-reproduce.htm |website=techtimes.com |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
 
| May 22 || || "Duke University" "Malaria-causing parasite manipulates liver cells to survive" "Discovery could lead to new treatments before symptoms appear" "Before invading the bloodstream, the malaria-causing Plasmodium parasite rapidly reproduces inside its host's liver cells. Researchers show that liver-stage Plasmodium relies on a host protein called aquaporin-3 to survive and copy itself. Inhibiting the function of aquaporin-3 may provide a new way to keep Plasmodium from proliferating and prevent malaria before symptoms start."<ref>{{cite web |title=Malaria-causing parasite manipulates liver cells to survive |url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/05/180522152117.htm |website=sciencedaily.com |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Malaria Parasite Tricks Liver Cells In Order To Survive And Reproduce |url=https://www.techtimes.com/articles/228331/20180523/malaria-parasite-tricks-liver-cells-in-order-to-survive-and-reproduce.htm |website=techtimes.com |accessdate=12 February 2019}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}

Revision as of 09:28, 15 February 2019

This is a timeline of malaria in 2018, attempting to describe significant events related to progress in the management of the disease in 2018.

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Time period Development summary More details


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  • Dates are approximate to the event and matched with the news release.
  • Displayed location is often matched with location of main institution.
Month and date Event type Details Location
January 4 Scientific development (parasite) Australian-led international team identifies the key portal used by malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax to enter human red blood cells. The researchers in Melbourne discover that the parasite infects humans by hijacking a protein the body cannot live without. This allows the possibility to successfully develop antibodies that disable the parasite from carrying out its activity.[1][2][3] Australia
January 10 Scientific development (parasite) Researchers at Pennsylvania State University describe two proteins that facilitate RNA-based interactions between the malaria parasite, its mosquito vector, and its human host. The two specialized proteins protect the parasite's messenger RNAs, until it takes up residence in a new mosquito or a human host.[4] United States
January 11 Scientific development (parasite) Researchers based at University of California San Diego School of Medicine publish study using whole genome analyses and chemogenetics to identify new drug targets and resistance genes in 262 cell lines of malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum that are resistant to 37 diverse antimalarial compound.[5][6] United States
January 12 Scientific development (parasite) International team of researchers publish study describing growth of clonal isolates of malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in the lab in the presence of 37 different small molecules with known antimalarial activity over the course of 3 to 6 months. The study identified more than 80 genes that contribute to resistance, some of which could provide important information for drug development.[7][8]
January 18 Medical development (treatment) Researchers at University of Cambridge, using artificial intelligence to conduct high-throughput screening, report that triclosan (an antibacterial and antifungal ingredient used in toothpaste) shows the potential to interrupt malaria infections at two critical stages, in the liver and the blood.[9][10][11][12] United Kingdom
January 19 Medical development (treatment) Researchers from Tubingen Institute of Tropical Medicine and German company Deutschen Malaria GmbH report a new medication for malaria that can safely and effectively cure the disease, after having successfully completed a clinical trial for the drug combination of Fosmidomycin and Piperaquine. The two-fold medication is administered for three days to patients aged one to thirty who were infected with malaria via the Plasmodium falciparum pathogen.[13][14] Germany
January 19 Medical development (treatment) The Nigerian National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD) says it has successfully researched and developed six traditional herbal products for the treatment of ebola, malaria and other diseases. It includes Niprimal, an anti-malaria drug, which is said to be safe for use by pregnant women.[15][16] Nigeria
January 22 Study conducted by the University of Liverpool and the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine reports a novel 'long acting' medicine for the prevention of malaria. The approach uses nanotechnology to improve the delivery of an existing antimalarial drug via a novel injectable format that can maintain blood concentration of the drug for weeks or months following a single dose.[17] United Kingdom, United States
January 28 Eradication The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the Inter-American Development Bank, and Carlos Slim Foundation announce a US$180 million initiative to eliminate malaria in Central America. The funding involves US$37.1 million from IDB, US$31.5 million from Gates, and US$15 million from the Carlos Slim Foundation, in addition to expected leveraging of US$100 million in domestic financing and $39 million of existing donor resources over the next five years.[18][19]
January 28 Eradication Six African countries (Rwanda, Zimbabwe, Madagascar, Senegal, the Gambia, Algeria and Comoros) are honoured by the African Leaders Malaria Alliance (ALMA) at the 30th African Union Summit in Addis Ababa, for leading the way to a Malaria Free-Africa by 2030.[20][21][22] Ethiopia
January 31 Medical development (prevention) Researchers find that the pulp juice and seed of Chrysophyllum albidum (African star apple) contain chemical substances that can protect from developing malaria and so its consumption should be encouraged especially in pregnancy. For the study, the researchers evaluated the properties of extracts in Albino mice inoculated with Plasmodium berghei.[23]
January 31 Vector Study using questionnaires sent to more than 100 health, conservation and fisheries workers around the world to produce a rapid assessment of the prevalence of mosquito net fishing, concludes warning that use of anti-malarial nets may reduce people’s protection and affect fish stocks, and calls for urgent research into potential impacts.[24][25] United Kingdom
February 2 Resistance Researchers from the Wellcome Sanger Institute and their collaborators show that malaria parasites developed multidrug resistance to first-line treatments extremely rapidly, after studying an outbreak of multidrug-resistant malaria in southeast Asia, likely stemming from two mutations of the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium falciparum that combined a decade ago.[26][27] United Kingdom
February 8 Scientific development (vector) An international team of researchers show that some people develop an immune response following a malaria infection that stops them from infecting other mosquitoes. The antibodies that these people produce are sucked up by the mosquito and destroy the malaria parasite in the mosquito's stomach. 1 in 25 malaria patients were found prevent the disease from spreading in this way. The study also unravels the defense proteins responsible, and these could be used to make a vaccine.[28][29]
February 8 The Unicode Consortium, the nonprofit governing body responsible for determining which emoji are added each year, announces that it has approved 157 new characters for release in June 2018, including a mosquito emoji for public health awarenes.[30]
February 9 Tests in West Africa find that primaquine and methylene blue, a safe drug long used to treat urinary tract infections, is also effective against malaria. The medication has however one disadvantage, turning urine a vivid blue.[31][32][33]
February 12 Medical development (treatment) Researchers at University of Liverpool and the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine make use of nanotechnology in order to improve the delivery of atovaquone, an existing antimalarial drug. The process consists in a novel injectable format, which allows the drug to maintain blood concentration of the drug for several weeks following the application of a single dose.[34] United Kingdom, United States
February 13 Medical development (prevention) German biopharmaceutical company CureVac announces the awarding of two new grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, aimed at pursuing innovative mRNA vaccines against influenza and malaria. The programs would leverage CureVac’s prophylactic vaccine technology to develop mRNA-based vaccines designed to prevent influenza and malaria infection. These vaccines, which are flexible in their applications, can be rapidly produced and have the potential to address several global vaccine challenges.[35] Germany
February 20 Scientific development (parasite) Researchers based at the Francis Crick Institute discover a new processes that allows malaria parasites to escape red blood cells and infect other cells, offering potential new treatment targets. The team announces already working with pharmaceutical companies to use this knowledge to develop new antimalarial drugs.[36] United Kingdom
February 21 Medical development (treatment) German scientists announce a new way to make a key malaria drug developed in 2012 at the Max Planck Institute, by means of a technique to make the process even more efficient, which should increase global access and reduce the cost.[37] Germany
February 21 Researchers from the University of Illinois, Ohio State University, and the Fundación para el Estudio de Especies Invasivas (FuEDEI) in Argentina find that certain invasive plants provide shelter or resting sites and produce copious amounts of rich nectar, a source of energy which significantly increases their ability to transmit malaria.[38] United States, Argentina
February 22 Scientific development (parasite) Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology show that they can grow dormant human malaria parasites in engineered human liver tissue for several weeks, allowing them to closely study how the parasite becomes dormant, what vulnerabilities it may have, and how it springs back to life. The finding is expected to allow researchers develop and test new antimalaria drugs.[39][40][41] United States
February 25 Medical development (treatment) Researchers at the School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, University of Hyderabad, develop a new polymer-nanomedicine for treatment of malaria. The new drug delivery system is equipped with a “time-temperature clock” module, where the doses for the treatment can be precisely tuned. The new formulation is efficient in killing plasmodium falciparum infection in red blood cells.[42][43][44] India
February 26 Medical development (treatment) Researchers at University Health Network in Toronto publish treatment with inhaled nitric oxide (NO) which reduces the risk of fine motor impairment in pediatric patients with malaria.[45] Canada
February 28 Ugandan team develops a new test that can diagnose malaria in under two minutes—without taking blood. The test combines magnetism and light to differentiate between the blood of an infected and a healthy person.[46] Uganda
March 9 Scientific development (vector) Researchers from Johns Hopkins University make use of the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tool to engineer mosquitoes that are highly resistant to the malaria parasite, by deleting one specific gene.[47][48] United States
March 12 Scientific development (parasite) Researchers from Princeton University examine data from an earlier Indonesian study of 4,000 patients carrying both malaria and hookworm parasites, and conclude that the two pathogens compete for a common food source — red blood cells in the host’s internal ecosystem.[49] United States
March 23 Medical development (treatment) International collaborative research group develops the world's first Drug Delivery System (DDS) for antimalarial drugs. The treatment increases efficiency up to 240 times as much as when antimalarial medicine is taken orally. The research group is headed by Prof. Shinya Hayami from Kumamoto University.[50][51] Japan
March 27 Scientific development Scientists from the Wellcome Sanger Institute publish the first step towards the development of a Malaria Cell Atlas, after investigating the genes in individual malaria parasites, which lead to understanding the genetic processes each parasite undergoes as it moves through its complicated lifecycle. The Malaria Cell Atlas is a data resource aimed at providing gene activity profiles of individual malaria parasites throughout their lifecycle. It is expected to allow researchers to identify weak points in the parasite's lifecycle for intervention with drugs, and to help transform research into the disease.[52][53][54][55] United Kingdom
March 29 Researchers of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation in Brazil and colleagues show that kidney dysfunction is a contributing factor to severe Plasmodium vivax malaria cases. The study analyzed data on 572 individuals from the Amazon rainforest, including 179 patients with Plasmodium vivax infection and 165 healthy controls. Severity of malaria was associated with abnormal creatinine increases, and patients who died from severe disease had the highest levels of creatinine.[56] Brazil
March 29 Funding The Global Health Innovative Technology Fund awards the University of Florida and partners in the United States and Japan US$3.2 million to advance a promising vaccine to prevent transmission of malaria.[57] Japan, United States
April 9 Scientific development (parasite) Researchers from the Wellcome Sanger Institute discover a receptor protein on the surface of human cells that interacts with a protein displayed on the surface of malaria parasites called "TRAP", as it navigates through the body. These findings are expected to help improve the development of an effective malaria vaccine.[58][59][60][61] United Kingdom
April 16 Scientific development (parasite) Research in sub-Saharan Africa shows high risk of malaria transmission after blood transfusions in the region, with nearly one in four blood bank supplies containing the parasites that cause malaria. Additional research in Equatorial Guinea shows that screening technology commonly used in the region cannot detect parasites in most of the contaminated supplies. Both studies are presented at the 7th Multilateral Initiative on Malaria (MIM) Pan African Malaria Conference in Dakar, Senegal.[62] Sub-Saharan Africa, Equatorial Guinea, Senegal
April 17 Dutch molecular/cellular parasitologist Taco Kooij from Radboud University Medical Center discovers a protein in the mitochondrion of the malaria parasite that could be used as a target for a new drug. The malaria parasite is highly dependent on a unique protein for infecting new mosquitoes.[63][64][65] Netherlands
April 20 Scientific development (vector) Researchers from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Wageningen University & Research, Rothamsted Research, the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology and Cardiff University publish important details about how human odor is influenced by malaria, whose parasite can change the way people smell, making them more attractive to mosquitoes. The work may help explain why the disease is able to spread so effectively.[66] United Kingdom, Netherlands, Kenya
April 26 Medical development (prevention) Ghanaian officials say their country is readying itself for the smooth pilot of the world's first malaria vaccine later in the year. Ghana, Kenya and Malawi would be the first African countries to test the MosquirixTM vaccine, which acts against Plasmodium falciparum, the most deadly malaria parasite globally, and the most prevalent in Africa.[67][68][69] Ghana
May 9 Researchers at University of South Florida College of Public Health developed technique that allows scientists to more easily study malaria outside the human body during the earliest point of infection, the liver. The liver stage is significant as it precedes the parasite's ability to infect human blood, the point of which symptoms of malaria first appear.[70] United States
May 15 Medical development (diagnostic) International team of researchers discover that malaria could be diagnosed through changes in body odor, after previously showing that malaria infection in a mouse model altered the odors of the mice to make them more attractive to mosquitoes, particularly at a stage of infection where the transmissible stage of the parasite was present at high levels.[71]
May 18 Scientific development (parasite) Researchers from Louisiana State University report discovery of a small number of lizard species (Prasinohaema) in New Guinea have green blood (tinted by bile pigment) that may pack a toxic punch strong enough to wipe out malaria parasites.[72][73][74][75][76] United States
May 18 Scientific development (parasite) Researchers at University of California, Riverside report finding that various stages of the development of human malaria parasites, including stages involved in malaria transmission, are linked to epigenetic features and how chromatin—the complex of DNA and proteins within the nucleus—is organized and structured in these parasites.[77] United States
May 22 "Duke University" "Malaria-causing parasite manipulates liver cells to survive" "Discovery could lead to new treatments before symptoms appear" "Before invading the bloodstream, the malaria-causing Plasmodium parasite rapidly reproduces inside its host's liver cells. Researchers show that liver-stage Plasmodium relies on a host protein called aquaporin-3 to survive and copy itself. Inhibiting the function of aquaporin-3 may provide a new way to keep Plasmodium from proliferating and prevent malaria before symptoms start."[78][79] United States
May 22 "The work, led by researchers from Wellcome Sanger Institute in Cambridge, compared seven types of malaria - tracing the parasite's family tree. This revealed that, about 50,000 years ago, the parasites diverged, with one "branch" evolving into the most deadly human-infecting species. The findings are published in the journal Nature Microbiology." "Malaria genetics: study shows how disease became deadly"[80] United Kingdom
May 23 "The portable optical diagnostics system (PODS) prototype developed by USC Viterbi engineers Andrea Armani, Samantha McBirney, Dongyu Chen, and Alexis Scholtz, detects a byproduct generated by all species of the malaria parasite. As such, it is a rapid screening for all malaria strains." "Diagnostic method exploits magnetic properties of parasite byproduct to detect all strains in low-resource environments" "UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA"[81] United States
May 23 "A new study led by the American Museum of Natural History puts forth the most comprehensive tree of life for malaria parasites to date. Known for being a devastating scourge of human health, with five species known to infect humans, there are more than 500 described species of malaria that infect mammals, birds, and reptiles. Among the researchers' findings, which were published today in the journal Royal Society Open Science, is that the diverse malaria parasite genus Plasmodium (which includes those species that infect humans) is composed of several distantly related evolutionary lineages, and, from a taxonomic standpoint, many species should be renamed." "Researchers build most comprehensive tree of life for malaria parasites"[82] United States
May 24 "Spencer Galen, a comparative biology Ph.D. student in the Museum’s Richard Gilder Graduate School, and Janus Borner, a Museum research fellow from the University of Hamburg who created the new genetic markers for the study, included pieces that were missing from previous studies, such as malaria species with stronger evolutionary lineages. From that, the researchers released a first-of-its-kind comprehensive DNA tree, which contained samples of eight different recognized genus from 58 malaria species, and DNA sequence data from 20 genes. The DNA tree showed that Plasmodium, comprised of species that were once believed to be related, were in fact not closely related, making the taxonomy a misnomer. "[83] United States, Germany
May 24 "The new discovery in the parasite's biology is revealed across a set of three studies led by the University of Glasgow's Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology. The studies are published in Nature Communications, Science Advances and MBio.The researchers have discovered that malaria parasites can occupy sites outside the bloodstream, specifically in the bone marrow and spleen where red blood cells are formed. The studies show in animal models and human infection that this is the major niche for the development of malaria transmission stages and a significant reservoir for the parasite's replicative stages." "Discovery of novel malaria parasite behaviour offers new target for treatment"[84] United Kingdom
May 25 "UCalgary researchers develop field test for drug-resistant malaria"[85][86] Canada
June 11 "The World Health Organization (WHO) today certified Paraguay as having eliminated malaria, the first country in the Americas to be granted this status since Cuba in 1973."[87][88][89][90]
June 25 "The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation teamed up with insect engineers to create a mosquito that kills off future generations of malaria-transmitting mosquitos." "On June 22, it was revealed that Gates is contributing $4 million to an initiative that will result in mosquitoes killing each other during sex. The funds will be directed from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation immediately."[91][92][93]
July 11 "NIH researchers identify sequence leading to release of malaria parasites from red blood cells"[94] United Kingdom
July 13 "A Yale-led team of researchers have created a vaccine that protects against malaria infection in mouse models, paving the way for the development of a human vaccine that works by targeting the specific protein that parasites use to evade the immune system."[95][96] United States
July 17 "FDA Approves New Drug to Treat Recurrent Malaria" "Krintafel (tafenoquine) is a single-dose medication for radical cure (prevention of relapse) of P. vivax malaria. The drug is the result of a partnership of Glaxo Smith-Kline (GSK) and Medicines for Malaria Venture, a public-private company whose stated mission is to reduce the burden of malaria by developing and delivering new, effective and affordable antimalarial drugs."[97][98][99] United States
July 31 "A team led by scientists from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health has sequenced and annotated the first complete mitochondrial genome of Anopheles funestus, one of the main vectors of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. This milestone, published in June in Scientific Reports, offers a glimpse inside this insect’s genetic diversity, ancestral history, and evolution—information that researchers might eventually exploit to develop new ways to prevent this deadly disease."[100] United States
August 1 "A study involving researchers from The Australian National University (ANU) has found that platelets can attack and kill malaria parasites—reducing the number of parasites circulating in the blood."[101] Australia
August 11 "Researchers have developed a new type of bed net with a specific combination of an insecticide and insect growth regulator that could prevent millions of cases of malaria."[102][103][104][105]
August 16 "researchers from the University of Copenhagen " "Researchers have discovered a method of diagnosing a broad range of cancers at their early stages by utilizing a particular malaria protein, which sticks to cancer cells in blood samples. The researchers hope that this method can be used in cancer screenings in the near future."[106] Denmark
August 20 "The genome sequences of ape parasites related to Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax), the main source of mosquito-borne malaria outside Africa, provide insights on the origin and early evolution of the human parasite. This finding could have implications for better comprehending and eradicating malaria infection worldwide, according to new research from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and the University of Edinburgh, published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences."[107]
August 31 "A computational analysis identifies a new clinical phenotype of severe malaria" "There are more clinical phenotypes of severe malaria than those defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), according to a study led by ISGlobal, an institution supported by "la Caixa" Foundation. The results indicate that heart failure can be a pathogenic mechanism of disease, which has implications in the clinical management of these patients."[108]
August 31 "Modelling the success of new strains of the deadly disease produced surprising results. Andrew Masterson reports."[109] United States
September 4 "New experimental research by the University of Glasgow and the Wellcome Sanger Institute published today in Nature Microbiology, demonstrates that a regulator protein, AP2-G, may hold the key to finding new approaches to prevent this potentially devastating disease." "Regulator protein key to malaria parasite's lifecycle"[110][111] United Kingdom
September 10 "Some 10,000 sterile male mosquitoes will be released in Burkina Faso, a country at the front line of the war against the disease." "First genetically modified mosquitoes set to be released in Africa"[112]
September 10 "NOT less than 4.7 million Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN’s) will be distributed free to the people of Katsina State as part of measures to eliminate malaria scourge in the state."[113] Nigeria
September 18 "A University of Kentucky College of Agriculture, Food and Environment research trial studying the feasibility of growing plants used to treat malaria was successful in its first growing season."[114] United States
September 19 "A Portland-based drug developer is starting human trials for a new anti-malarial drug designed to overcome resistance to other malaria drugs. The drug, called DM1157, was first developed by David Peyton, a chemistry professor at Portland State University and chief scientific officer for DesignMedix." "Portland lab's new malaria drug now in human trials DesignMedix designed the drug to overcome resistance to other malaria drugs"[115] United States
September 20 " The study led by Hernando A. del Portillo, ICREA researcher, and Carmen Fernandez-Becerra, Assistant Research Professor, both at IGTP and ISGlobal – an institution supported by “la Caixa” Foundation, indicates the possibility of using small vesicles secreted by immature red blood cells as a vaccine platform against malaria" "A novel study indicates promising avenues in an innovative approach for developing a vaccine against Plasmodium vivax, the most prevalent human malaria parasite outside sub-Saharan Africa."[116][117]
September 20 "Scientists have found a way to boost the efficacy of the world's most powerful antimalarial drug with the help of chemotherapy medicines, according to new research published in the journal Nature Communications. Scientists from the University of Melbourne and the Japanese pharmaceutical company Takeda have discovered that antimalarial drug artemisinin works through a "double whammy" attack on the deadly parasite."[118] Australia, Japan
September 21 " Malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes carrying malaria parasites, but scientists report they have discovered compounds that might keep mosquitoes from spreading the sometimes deadly disease."Current anti-malarial drugs can cure a person of the disease, but that person is still infectious to mosquitoes, and can therefore still cause someone else to become infected," explained lead researcher Jake Baum, of the department of life sciences at Imperial College London."[119] United Kingdom
September 26 "The Punjab government in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) launched Wednesday a 'micro-strategic plan' to eliminate malaria from the state by 2020."[120] India
September 27 "A team of researchers with members from Oxford University in the U.K., the National Institutes of Health in the U.S. and Leiden University Medical Center in the Netherlands has developed a new approach to battling malaria—boosting an immune response in the liver. In their paper published in the journal Science Translational Medicine, the group describes their approach and how well it worked in mice."[121]
October 2 "A Japanese paint producer has launched the world's first mosquito-repellant paint in Zambia to help it reach a target to eliminate malaria by 2021, the company and a Japanese government official said."[122][123] Japan
October 4 "A new study from MIT offers a possible explanation for why some people are more likely to experience a more severe, and potentially fatal, form of the disease. The researchers found that in some patients, immune cells called natural killer cells (NK cells) fail to turn on the genes necessary to effectively destroy malaria-infected red blood cells. The researchers also showed that they could stimulate NK cells to do a better job of killing infected red blood cells grown in a lab dish. This suggests a possible approach for developing treatments that could help reduce the severity of malaria infections in some people, especially children, says Jianzhu Chen, one of the study’s senior authors."[124] United States
October 8 " A recent study, led by Yale investigators, explores the role of glucose metabolism in the development of the disease, and may hold a key to preventing or treating it in humans." "Researchers study link between glucose metabolism and malaria"[125] United States
October 17 "Texas Biomed researchers—in collaboration with the University of Iowa—are trying to find out how malarial infections impact people exposed to Ebola virus."[126] United States
October 23 "Scientists investigating how the human immune system defends against malaria have uncovered a rare phenomenon: antibodies working together to bind to a vulnerable spot on the parasite."[127] United States
October 29 "New research from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine suggests that dogs can identify the odor of malaria. In a small, proof-of-concept study, two trained dogs were able to distinguish between socks worn by children who had malaria and socks from the feet of those who did not. Researchers presented their preliminary findings today at the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Annual Meeting."[128][129][130][131][132] United Kingdom
November 3 "Scientists from the National Institute of Malaria Research (NIMR) in the city have developed two new drugs against drug-resistant Malaria that target a new protein not targeted by currently available drugs."[133] India
November 7 "South Africa investigates sterilising mosquitoes in anti-malaria drive

The sterile insect technique has been applied successfully against other insect pests including the fruit fly and the new-world screwworm fly."[134] || South Africa

November 19 "For the second year in a row in its annual report on malaria, the World Health Organization (WHO) today said progress against the disease has stalled, but unlike last year, the WHO paired the update with an aggressive plan to step up action in the hardest-hit countries."[135][136][137][138] "Malaria on the rise in more than 13 countries, experts warn"[139]
November 28 " In response, a four-day mass drug administration (MDA) campaign was launched today in the Northern Kivu province town of Beni, with a target to reach up to 450 000 people with anti-malarial drugs combined with the distribution of insecticide-treated mosquito nets."[140][141] Democratic Republic of the Congo
December 10 "Artificial intelligence to speed up malaria research"[142][143] Taiwan

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References

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