Difference between revisions of "Timeline of vegetarianism and veganism"

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| 2005–2018 || Vegetarianism || || The number of vegetarians grows from 1% of the population in Germany to 7% in the period.<ref>{{cite web |title=YOUNG CONSUMERS ARE HUNGRY FOR MEAT ALTERNATIVES IN GERMANY |url=https://www.mintel.com/press-centre/food-and-drink/young-consumers-are-hungry-for-meat-alternatives-in-germany |website=mintel.com |accessdate=13 April 2020}}</ref> || {{w|Germany}}
 
| 2005–2018 || Vegetarianism || || The number of vegetarians grows from 1% of the population in Germany to 7% in the period.<ref>{{cite web |title=YOUNG CONSUMERS ARE HUNGRY FOR MEAT ALTERNATIVES IN GERMANY |url=https://www.mintel.com/press-centre/food-and-drink/young-consumers-are-hungry-for-meat-alternatives-in-germany |website=mintel.com |accessdate=13 April 2020}}</ref> || {{w|Germany}}
 
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| 2006 || Vegetarianism || Festival || The Vegetarian Festival in Tokyo starts.<ref>{{cite web|title=Tokyo Vegefood Fiesta|url=http://tokyo-vegefest.com/english/|website=Tokyo-vegefest.com|accessdate=21 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015041509/http://tokyo-vegefest.com/english/|archive-date=15 October 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> || {{w|Japan}}
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| 2006 || Vegetarianism || Festival || The Vegetarian Festival in Tokyo starts.<ref>{{cite web|title=Tokyo Vegefood Fiesta|website=Tokyo-vegefest.com|accessdate=14 April 2020|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015041509/http://tokyo-vegefest.com/english/}}</ref> || {{w|Japan}}
 
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| 2007–2014 || General || Statistics || An estimated 400 million fewer animals are killed in the United States in 2014 compared to 2007 because of decreased consumption of animal products.<ref>{{cite web |title=400 Million Fewer Animals Were Killed for Food in 2014 Because People Eat Less Meat |url=https://www.zmescience.com/ecology/animals-ecology/eating-less-animals-30062015/ |website=zmescience.com |accessdate=13 April 2020}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
 
| 2007–2014 || General || Statistics || An estimated 400 million fewer animals are killed in the United States in 2014 compared to 2007 because of decreased consumption of animal products.<ref>{{cite web |title=400 Million Fewer Animals Were Killed for Food in 2014 Because People Eat Less Meat |url=https://www.zmescience.com/ecology/animals-ecology/eating-less-animals-30062015/ |website=zmescience.com |accessdate=13 April 2020}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}

Revision as of 12:53, 14 April 2020

This is a timeline of veganism and vegetarianism.

Big picture

Time period Development summary More details
1944 Vegan movement
Time period Development summary
18th century "Historian Dr Catherine Oliver suggests that 18th Century philosopher Jeremy Bentham is the earliest notable proponent of likening animal suffering to that of humans: “The question is not ‘can they reason?’ Nor, ‘can they talk?’ But, ‘can they suffer?’ Dr Oliver told The Independent that veganism today is being increasingly situated “not as a diet but as a social justice issue”."[1]
19th century Vegetarianism establishes itself as a significant movement in England and the United States.[2]
20th century
21st century The vegan diet becomes increasingly mainstream in the 2010s.[3][4][5][6][7][8] especially in the latter half.[6][9] Interest in veganism increased in the 2010s,"[6]

Visual data

The image below shows Wikipedia Views from July 2015 to March 2020 for veganism for mobile-web, desktop, desktop-spider, mobile-app, and mobile-web-spider.[10]

Wikipedia views veganism.png

The image below shows Wikipedia Views from July 2015 to March 2020 for vegetarianism for mobile-web, desktop, desktop-spider, mobile-app, and mobile-web-spider.[11]

Wkipedia views vegetarianism.png

Full timeline

Year Category Event type Details Location
3300 BC–1300 BC The practice of veganism is already identified in the Indus Valley Civilization in the Indian subcontinent[12][13][14] particularly in northern and western ancient India.[15] India
877 BC–777 BC Activism Early Jain called Parshvanatha teaches followers about ahimsa (non-violence), one of the cornerstone beliefs meaning non-violence to living forms.[1] India
520 BC Vegetarianism Policy Persian emperor Cyrus the Great is born. A vegetarian himself, Cyrus would order his soldiers also strictly to adhere to this diet.[16]
500 BC Vegetarianism Advocacy Greek philosopher Pythagoras advocates the idea that all animals have immortal souls which would be reincarnated after death. Pythagoras promotes benevolence among all species and follows what could be described as a vegetarian diet.[17][1] Greece
484BC–425BC Vegetarianism Advocacy Greek historian Herodotus lives. He condemns the killing and eating of animals.[16] Greece
206 BC–220 AD Vegetarianism Custom Han Dynasty. Vegetarianism is introduced by buddhist missionaries from India.[18] China
106BC–423BC Vegetarianism Advocacy Roman statesman Cicero states:"Man is destined to a better occupation than that of pursuing and cutting the throat of dumb creatures." And, " Nothing cruel is useful or expedient."[16]
5 BC–65 AD Vegetarianism Advocacy Roman Stoic philosopher Seneca lives. An ardent vegetarian, Seneca creates a vegetarian cult in the Court.[16]
40 AD–120 AD Vegetarianism Advocacy Greek philosopher Plutarch lives. His essay on flesh eating contains ethical arguments for vegetarianism.[16]
520 Vegetarianism Advocacy Buddhist monk Boddhidharma introduces Zen in China. Boddhidharma teaches vegetarianism.[18] India
973–1057 Veganism Adoption Arab poet al-Maʿarri is recognized as one of the earliest known vegans.[19]
1398 Vegetarianism Advocacy Indian mystic poet Kabir calls to compassion, condemning meat-eating and killing of animals no matter if it is permitted in the "Koran" or any other Scripture for "sacrificial" purposes.[20][21] India
1806 Veganism Concept development The earliest concepts of veganism start to take shape, with Dr William Lambe and Percy Bysshe Shelley amongst the first Europeans to publicly object to eggs and dairy on ethical grounds.[17]
1809 Vegetarianism Organization The Bible Christian Church, a Christian vegetarian sect, is founded by William Cowherd.[22] United Kingdom
1813 Vegetarianism Literature (book) English poet Percy Bysshe Shelley publishes A Vindication of Natural Diet, advocating "abstinence from animal food and spirituous liquors".[23] United Kingdom
1815 Vegetarianism Advocacy London physician William Lambe claims that his "water and vegetable diet" could cure anything from tuberculosis to acne.[24] United Kingdom
1839 Vegetarianism Concept development "The term "vegetarian" has been in use since around 1839 to refer to what was previously described as a vegetable regimen or diet."[25]
1847 Vegetarianism Organization The UK Vegetarian Society is founded.[26] United Kingdom
1850 Vegetarianism Organization The American Vegetarian Association in founded in New York.[27] United States
1882 Vegetarianism Organization The French Vegetarian Society is founded.[28] France
1883 Vegetarianism Literature (book) English humanitarian Howard Williams publishes The Ethics of Diet, which is considered the first book on vegetarian history.[29]
1884 Vegetarianism Organization The Hungarian Vegetarian Society is founded.[30] Hungary
1894 Vegetarianism Organization The Dutch Vegetarian League is founded.[31] Netherlands
1896 Vegetarianism Organization A Vegetarian Society is formed in Stockholm.[32] Sweden
1899 Vegetarianism Organization A Vegetarian Society is established in Milan.[33] Italy
1901 Vegetarianism Organization The Russian Vegetarian Society is formed.[34] Russia
1905 Vegetarianism Organization The Spanish Vegetarian Society is formed.[35] Spain
1906 Vegetarianism Organization The Greek Vegetarian Society is formed.[36] Greece
1908 Vegetarianism Organization The International Vegetarian Union is launched at the first International Vegetarian Congress in Dresden, Germany.[37][38][39] Germany
1908 Vegetarianism Organization The World Esperantist Vegetarian Association is founded.[40]
1918 Veganism The world's first raw vegan restaurant is opened in Los Angeles, California by John and Vera Richter.[41] United States
1925 Veganism Literature (book) Vera Richter publishes Mrs. Richter's Cook-Less Book, the first raw vegan cookbook.[41] United States
1935 Vegetarianism The Vegetarian Society states: "The lacto-vegetarians, on the whole, do not defend the practice of consuming the dairy products except on the ground of expediency."[42]
1938 Vegetarianism Literature (book) Jewish vegetarianism. The first Jewish-vegetarian cookbook is compiled by Fania Lewando and is first published in Vilnius.[43] Lithuania
1943 Vegetarianism Organization The New Zealand Vegetarian Society is founded.[44] New Zeland
1944 Veganism Organization The Vegan Society is founded.[45]
1944 Veganism The Vegan Society co-founder Donald Watson coins the term "vegan" using it to mean "non-dairy vegetarian".[46][47][48][1][49]
1945 Vegetarianism Organization The Toronto Vegetarian Association is founded.[50] Canada
1945 Veganism Concept development Vegans explicitly abstain from "eggs, honey; and animals' milk, butter and cheese".[48]
1951 Veganism Concept development The Vegan Society defines veganism as "the doctrine that man should live without exploiting animals".[51]
1952 Vegetarianism Organization The Italian Vegetarian Association is founded.[52] Italy
1960 Veganism Organization The American Vegan Society is founded.[53] United States
1974 Vegetarianism Organization Hare Krishna Food for Life is founded as a nonprofit with the purpose "to bring peace and prosperity to the world through the liberal distribution of sanctified vegetarian meals".[54] India
1974 Vegetarianism Literature (magazine) American magazine Vegetarian Times launches.[55] United States
1975 Vegetarianism Organization The Jewish Vegetarian Society of America is founded.[56]
1978 Veganism Organization The Dutch Society for Veganism is founded.[57] Netherlands
1982 Vegetarianism and veganism Meat substitute The veggie burger may have been created in London in this year by Gregory Sams, who calls it the 'VegeBurger'.[58] A Carrefour hypermarket in Southampton sells 2000 packets in three weeks after its launch.[59] United Kingdom
1984 Veganism Organization Movement for Compassionate Living (MCL) is founded. It promotes veganism.[60] United Kingdom
1984 Vegetarianism Literature Daniel Dombrowski publishes The Philosophy of Vegetarianism.[61]
1984 Organization Movement for Compassionate Living is founded.[62]
1984 Veganism Literature Brenda Davis publishes diet book Vegetariana. It is considered a classic in its field.[63]
1986 Vegetarianism Organization The Boston Vegetarian Society is founded.[64] United States
1987 Vegetarianism Literature Rudolph Ballentine publishes Transition to Vegetarianism: An Evolutionary Step.[65]
1988 Vegetarianism Organization European Vegetarian Union is founded.[66] Netherlands
1989 Veganism Literature (magazine) Arkangel is first published. It promotes vegan lifestyle.[67] United Kingdom
1989 Veganism Literature (magazine) No Compromise launches as a bi-annual animal rights magazine. It promotes a vegan lifestyle.[68] United States
1990 Veganism The Vegan Trademark scheme is launched.[69]
1993 Veganism Organization Vegan Outreach is founded.[70] United States
1993 Vegetarianism Organization Swissveg is founded. It is the biggest community in Switzerland for vegetarians and vegans.[71] Switzerland
1994 Veganism Organization Vegan Prisoners Support Group is founded.[72] United Kingdom
1994 Vegetarianism Organization The Association Végétarienne de France is founded.[73] France
1994 Veganism Advocacy The World Vegan Day is first celebrated.[74]
1995 Veganism Organization vegan.org is created. It is one of the oldest and most visited vegan websites in the world.[75] United States
1995 Veganism Organization Vegan Awareness Foundation is founded.[76] United States
1998 Veganism Literature Erik Marcus publishes Vegan: The New Ethics of Eating.[77]
1998 Vegetarianism A Vegetarian Diet Pyramid is created by Oldways Preservation Trust with scientific research from Cornell and Harvard University and specific reference to the healthy patterns of eating demonstrated by the Mediterranean Diet Pyramid.[78] United States
1999 Vegetarianism Organization The Vegetarian Society (Singapore) is established.[79] Singapore
1999 Vegetarianism Organization The Christian Vegetarian Association is founded.[80] United States
1999 Vegetarianism Literature (book) Richard A. Young publishes Is God a Vegetarian? Christianity, Vegetarianism, and Animal Rights.[81]
1999 Vegetarianism Literature Lisa Portmess and Kerry S. Walters publish Ethical Vegetarianism: From Pythagoras to Peter Singer.[82]
1999 Vegetarianism, veganism Online community HappyCow launches as an online service that lists sources of vegan, vegetarian and healthy food.[83] United States
2000 Vegetarianism Organization Ethical Vegetarian Alternative is founded to raise awareness about the benefits of eating less or no meat.[84] Belgium
2000 Organization Tibetan Volunteers for Animals[85]
2000 Vegetarianism Literature Colin Spencer publishes Vegetarianism: A History.[86]
2000 Veganism Literature (magazine) American magazine VegNews launches. It publishes content about and relating to veganism.[87] United States
2000 Vegetarianism and veganism Online community VeggieBoards launches. It is one of the largest and most active internet forums for vegetarians and vegans.[88]
2001 Vegetarianism and veganism International event Veggie Pride is first held in Paris.[89] France
2001 Veganism Talk radio program Go Vegan debuts.[90] United States
2002 Vegetarianism Activism Meet Your Meat is released. This documentary explores the treatment of animals in modern animal agriculture.[91]
2003 Organization Meatless Monday is founded.[92]
2004 Vegetarianism Festival Vegfest Brasil [93] Brazil
2004–2018 Veganism Statistics Search data from Google Trends shows a profound worldwide increase in the interest in veganism in this period. Top regions include Israel, Australia, Canada, Austria, and New Zealand.[94] Worldwide
2005 Veganism Literature (book) The China Study is published by T. Colin Campbell. It examines the link between the consumption of animal products (including dairy) and chronic illnesses such as coronary heart disease, diabetes, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and bowel cancer.[95] United States
2005–2018 Vegetarianism The number of vegetarians grows from 1% of the population in Germany to 7% in the period.[96] Germany
2006 Vegetarianism Festival The Vegetarian Festival in Tokyo starts.[97] Japan
2007–2014 General Statistics An estimated 400 million fewer animals are killed in the United States in 2014 compared to 2007 because of decreased consumption of animal products.[98] United States
2009 Veganism Organization Vegan Ireland: The Vegan Society of Ireland is founded as a non-profit. It promotes veganism and animal rights.[99] Ireland
2009 Veganism Nutrition A study of bone density finds the bone density of vegans is 94 percent that of omnivores, but deems the difference clinically insignificant.[100]
2009 Vegetarianism Literature Lierre Keith publishes The Vegetarian Myth. "Part memoir, nutritional primer, and political manifesto, this controversial examination exposes the destructive history of agriculturecausing the devastation of prairies and forests, driving countless species extinct, altering the climate, and destroying the topsoiland asserts that, in order to save the planet, food must come from within living communities"[101] United States
2009 Vegetarianism and veganism Literature Amy Shand publishes That's why We Don't Eat Animals: A Book about Vegans, Vegetarians, and All Living Things, a non-fiction book for children.[102]
2010 Vegetarianism Environmental vegetarianism. A report from the United Nations Environment Programme's (UNEP) International Panel of Sustainable Resource Management states:
Impacts from agriculture are expected to increase substantially due to population growth and increasing consumption of animal products. Unlike fossil fuels, it is difficult to look for alternatives: people have to eat. A substantial reduction of impacts would only be possible with a substantial worldwide diet change, away from animal products.[103]
2011 Veganism Organization Veganz is founded. It is the first vegan supermarket chain in Europe.[104] Germany
2011 Veganism Documentary film Vegucated.[105] United States
2012 Organization Vegan Australia is founded. It campaigns nationally for veganism.[106] Australia
2013 Veganism Festival Hong Kong Vegfest is held for the first time.[107] It is a yearly volunteer-run festival organized by a collaboration of major organizations and institutions with the aim of promoting veganism in Hong Kong.[108] Hong Kong
2013 Vegetarianism Literature (book) Adam D. Shprintzen publishes The Vegetarian Crusade: The Rise of an American Reform Movement, 1817-1921.[109] United States
2013 Veganism Literature (book) Amy Shand publishes V Is for Vegan: The ABCs of Being Kind.[110]
2014–2018 Veganism Statistics Vegan facial skincare launches almost triple in this period, rising from 13% of all launches in 2014 to 28% in 2018.[69]
2014 According to a report by research firm GlobalData, about 1% of consumers in the United States claim to be vegan.[94]
2014 Organization Peepal Farm is founded.[111] India
2014 Veganism Literature (book) Brenda Davis and Vesanto Melina publish diet book Becoming Vegan: The Complete Reference to Plant-Base Nutrition, Comprehensive Edition.[112]
2014 Veganism Organization Veganuary[113] United Kingdom
2014–2017 Veganism The number of vegans in the United States grows by 600% from nearly 4 million in 2014 to 19.6 million in 2017.[114] United States
2016 Veganism German companies launch more vegan food products than in any other country.[94] Germany
2016 Vegetarianism Program launch "The Chinese health ministry released dietary guidelines in 2016 that encourage their population of more than 1.3 billion people to reduce their meat consumption by 50%"[115] China
2016 Veganism Statistics The global plant milk market was worth over US$8 billion in the year.[116][117] Worldwide
2016–2019 Veganism Statistics The number of vegan food and drink businesses launched in Europe increases 93%, from 6,041 in 2016 to 11,655 in 2019.[118] Europe
2016 Veganism Statistics Europe stands as the largest market for meat substitutes to date, accounting for 39% of global sales.[119] Europe
2017 Veganism Statistics The percentage of vegans in the United States reaches 6% of consumers.[94] United States
2017 Organization ProVeg International is founded. Its mission is to help reduce the global consumption of animal products by 50% by the year 2040, by making plant-based lifestyles more attractive and accessible.[120] Germany
2017 Vegetarianism Advocacy Environmental vegetarianism. 15,364 world scientists sign a Warning to Humanity calling for, among other things, drastically diminishing our per capita consumption of meat.[121]
2017 Veganism Literature Tobias Leenaert publishes How to Create a Vegan World: A Pragmatic Approach.[122]
2017 Veganism "The Just Eat website saw a 94% increase in vegan food orders in Ireland in 2017"[123] Ireland
2017 Veganism "Demand for meat-free food in the UK increased by 987% in 2017"[69] United Kingdom
2017 "Accoring to the Swedish Board of Agriculture, Sweden saw its largest decrease in meat consumption for 30 years with a 2.6% drop in people eating meat in 2017"[124] Sweden
2017–2018 Veganism "Germany is one of the global leaders when it comes to vegan product development and launches, accounting for 15% of global vegan introductions between July 2017 and June 2018."[125] Germany
2018 Veganism "There were as many people searching for vegan Thanksgiving recipes as there were people searching for turkey Thanksgiving recipes in November 2018"[126] United States
2018 Vegetarianism "Around 60% of Poles said they planned to cut back on their meat consumption in 2018"[127] Poland
2018 Veganism Statistics The size of the global vegan food market is calculated to be worth US$12.69 billion.[128]
2018 Veganism Statistics The United Kingdom launches more vegan products than any nation.[69] United Kingdom
2018 Vegetarianism Statistics The total market for plant-based meat alternative products is around US$4.6 billion in the year.[129]
2018 Veganism "A 2018 Oxford University study – which is the most comprehensive analysis to date of the damage farming does to the planet – found that ‘avoiding meat and dairy is the single biggest way to reduce your impact on Earth’ as animal farming provides just 18% of calories but takes up 83% of our farmland"[130][131] United Kingdom
2018 November In November, the United States Department of Agriculture and Food and Drug Administration agree to jointly regulate cultured meat.[129] United States
2018 Veganism The worldwide funding of novel vegan meat replacement companies reaches US$900 million.[129] Worldwide
2018 Veganism "A 2018 Greenpeace report found that “global meat and dairy production and consumption must be cut in half by 2050 to avoid dangerous climate change and keep the Paris Agreement on track. If left unchecked, agriculture is projected to produce 52% of global greenhouse gas emissions in the coming decades, 70% of which will come from meat and dairy.”"[132]
2018–2019 Veganism "Waterstones have 9,030 book titles with the word 'vegan' in them available for sale (as of December 2019) compared to 944 in August 2018"[69]
2018–2019 Veganism " Iceland topped the worldwide rankings for popularity of veganism between June 2018 and June 2019".[133] Iceland
2018–2019 "U.S. retail sales of plant-based foods have increased 11 percent from 2018 to 2019, hitting a plant-based market value to $4.5 billion"[116] United States
2019 "Australia's packaged vegan food market was worth almost $200 million"[134] Ausralia
2019 Vegetarianism Advocacy Environmental vegetarianism. A significant reduction in meat consumption is advocated by, among others, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in their special report.[135]
2019 Veganism "A 2019 Harvard University report proved that if everyone in the UK went vegan, we would still have enough food for everyone to eat. If the UK returned meat, dairy and egg farms back to forest and grew health-promoting crops for human consumption, we would be able to sustain human calorie and protein needs in place of feed currently grown for animals"[136]
2019 "The UK was the most popular country for veganism in 2019, according to Google Trends, followed by the Australia and New Zealand"[137] United Kingdom
2019 "Plant milks make up 13% of the entire milk category. Their sale gew by 6% in 2019, while cow's milk sales decline by 3%"[138] United States
2040 "It is predicted that by 2040 only 40% of the global population will be consuming meat, with 35% consuming clean (lab) meat and 25% vegan meat replacements."[129]

Meta information on the timeline

How the timeline was built

The initial version of the timeline was written by User:Sebastian.

Funding information for this timeline is available.

Feedback and comments

Feedback for the timeline can be provided at the following places:

  • FIXME

What the timeline is still missing

  • Google trends
  • Wikipedia views
  • Books on vegetarianism
  • Books on veganism
  • Statistics
  • VegNews (see template vegetarianism and veganism)

Timeline update strategy

See also

External links

References

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