Difference between revisions of "Timeline of water transport"

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This is a '''timeline of water transport'''.
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This is a '''timeline of water transport''', focusing on the evolution of watercraft.
  
 
==Big picture==
 
==Big picture==
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! Time period !! Development summary   
 
! Time period !! Development summary   
 
|-
 
|-
| 20th  century || The container revolution in shipping begins in the late 1960s.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Stratton |first1=Michael |last2=Trinder |first2=Barrie Stuart |title=Twentieth Century Industrial Archaeology |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=fD4BB05zviYC&pg=PA151&dq=%22in+1951%22++container+ships&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiGs43-3OLbAhXGjpAKHQfdCrAQ6AEIOzAD#v=onepage&q=%22in%201951%22%20%20container%20ships&f=false}}</ref>
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| Prehistory || The earliest seaworthy boats may have been developed as early as 45,000 years ago, at the time of the first migration of humans into Australia.
 
|-
 
|-
| 21th century || There are more than 6,000 container vessels currently in service.<ref name="A Complete History Of The Shipping Container"/>
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| Ancient history || The {{w|Ancient Egypt}}ians already have knowledge of {{w|sail}} construction.<ref>{{w|Hatshepsut}} oversaw the preparations and funding of an expedition of five ships, each measuring seventy feet long, and ''with several sails''. Various others exist, also.</ref> {{w|Sail}}s are also used in boats in {{w|Mesopotamia}}. The {{w|Canal of the Pharaohs}} and the {{w|Lighthouse of Alexandria}} are early pieces of infrastructure for water navigation.
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|-
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| 17th century || The first {{w|submarine}} is built in this century.
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|-
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| 18th century || The {{w|Industrial Revolution}} brings {{w|steam power}} to the vessels, with the first steamboats built in the late century. At around the same time, the construction of acueducts and canals accelerate in {{w|Western Europe}}.
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|-
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| 19th century || The first steam–powered transatlantic, the first ship to transport a cargo of oil, and the first purpose-built {{w|icebreaker}} are made in this century. {{w|Antarctica}} becomes the last continent to be discovered by means of watercraft.
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|-
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| 20th  century || The first {{w|aircraft carrier}} is used in warfare in 1918. [[w:Nuclear marine propulsion|Nuclear-powered vessels]] appear in the 1950s. The container revolution in shipping begins in the late 1960s. By 1983, 90% of countries would have container ports, compared to 1% in 1966.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Stratton |first1=Michael |last2=Trinder |first2=Barrie Stuart |title=Twentieth Century Industrial Archaeology |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=fD4BB05zviYC&pg=PA151&dq=%22in+1951%22++container+ships&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiGs43-3OLbAhXGjpAKHQfdCrAQ6AEIOzAD#v=onepage&q=%22in%201951%22%20%20container%20ships&f=false}}</ref>
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|-
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| 21th century || There are more than 6,000 container vessels currently in service.<ref name="A Complete History Of The Shipping Container"/> [[w:cruise ship|Cruising]] has become an important part of the tourism industry.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
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 +
  
 
==Full timeline==
 
==Full timeline==
  
 
{| class="sortable wikitable"
 
{| class="sortable wikitable"
! Year !! Category !! Event !! Geographical location
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! Year !! Category !! Event !! Geographical location !!
 
|-
 
|-
| 45000 BC || || 4The first humans arrive in {{w|Australia}}, presumably by boats and land bridge. || {{w|Australia}}
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| 45000 BC || Notable voyage || The first humans arrive in {{w|Australia}}, presumably by boats and land bridge.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fagan |first1=Brian |last2=Durrani |first2=Nadia |title=People of the Earth: An Introduction to World Prehistory |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=M8lwCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA97&dq=%2245000+BC%22+%22australia%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwirsJaLx5DcAhUCj5AKHdmODt8Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%2245000%20BC%22%20%22australia%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Australia}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 6000 BC || || Egyptians already travel in reed boats.<ref name="God Is Here to Stay: Science, Evolution, and Belief in God">{{cite book |last1=McFaul |first1=Thomas R. |last2=Brunsting |first2=Al |title=God Is Here to Stay: Science, Evolution, and Belief in God |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=9HANBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT36&lpg=PT36&dq=%223500%22+Oar-powered+ships+sail+Eastern+Mediterranean+seas&source=bl&ots=B7ei9R-dpl&sig=ENE3Y_i_zAm04vuKmlOXpQrPtYE&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjpzaLI9ODbAhXMCpAKHYJgCI8Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%223500%22%20Oar-powered%20ships%20sail%20Eastern%20Mediterranean%20seas&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Egypt}}
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| 6000 BC || Watercraf type || Egyptians already travel in reed boats.<ref name="God Is Here to Stay: Science, Evolution, and Belief in God">{{cite book |last1=McFaul |first1=Thomas R. |last2=Brunsting |first2=Al |title=God Is Here to Stay: Science, Evolution, and Belief in God |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=9HANBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT36&lpg=PT36&dq=%223500%22+Oar-powered+ships+sail+Eastern+Mediterranean+seas&source=bl&ots=B7ei9R-dpl&sig=ENE3Y_i_zAm04vuKmlOXpQrPtYE&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjpzaLI9ODbAhXMCpAKHYJgCI8Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%223500%22%20Oar-powered%20ships%20sail%20Eastern%20Mediterranean%20seas&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Egypt}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 4500 BC || || {{w|Mesopotamia}}ns add {{w|sail}}s to their boats.<ref name="God Is Here to Stay: Science, Evolution, and Belief in God"/> || {{w|Irak}}
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| 4500 BC || Technology || {{w|Mesopotamia}}ns add {{w|sail}}s to their boats.<ref name="God Is Here to Stay: Science, Evolution, and Belief in God"/> || {{w|Irak}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 3500 || || Oar-powered ships sail Eastern Mediterranean seas. ||
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| 3500 BC || Watercraft type || Oar-powered ships sail Eastern Mediterranean seas.<ref name="God Is Here to Stay: Science, Evolution, and Belief in God"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 2000 BC? || || The {{w|Canal of the Pharaohs}} is built in Egypt.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Burchell |first1=S. C. |title=The Suez Canal |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=I9dKDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT16&dq=6th+century+BC+The+%22Canal+of+the+Pharaohs%22+is+built+in+Egypt.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiYkdOz_OLbAhVJPJAKHe9ZDEMQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=6th%20century%20BC%20The%20%22Canal%20of%20the%20Pharaohs%22%20is%20built%20in%20Egypt.&f=false}}</ref/> || {{w|Egypt}}
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| 2000 BC? || Infrastructure || The {{w|Canal of the Pharaohs}} is built in Egypt.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Burchell |first1=S. C. |title=The Suez Canal |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=I9dKDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT16&dq=6th+century+BC+The+%22Canal+of+the+Pharaohs%22+is+built+in+Egypt.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiYkdOz_OLbAhVJPJAKHe9ZDEMQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=6th%20century%20BC%20The%20%22Canal%20of%20the%20Pharaohs%22%20is%20built%20in%20Egypt.&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Egypt}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1575 BC – 1520 BC || || {{w|Dover Bronze Age Boat}}, the oldest known plank vessel, is built. ||
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| 1575 BC – 1520 BC || Watercraft type || {{w|Dover Bronze Age Boat}}, the oldest known plank vessel, is built.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Arnold |first1=Béat |last2=Clark |first2=Peter |title=The Dover Bronze Age Boat in Context: Society and Water Transport in Prehistoric Europe |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=zqhnAAAAMAAJ&q=1575+BC+%E2%80%93+1520+BC+Dover+Bronze+Age+Boat&dq=1575+BC+%E2%80%93+1520+BC+Dover+Bronze+Age+Boat&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjN9PDJ2pXcAhXQulMKHYG7CHoQ6AEILjAB}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Van de Noort |first1=Robert |title=North Sea Archaeologies: A Maritime Biography, 10,000 BC - AD 1500 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=3xoUDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA222&dq=1575+BC+%E2%80%93+1520+BC+Dover+Bronze+Age+Boat&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjN9PDJ2pXcAhXQulMKHYG7CHoQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=1575%20BC%20%E2%80%93%201520%20BC%20Dover%20Bronze%20Age%20Boat&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Turney |first1=Chris |last2=Canti |first2=Matthew |last3=Branch |first3=Nick |last4=Clark |first4=Peter |title=Environmental Archaeology: Theoretical and Practical Approaches |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=0pSOAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT430&dq=1575+BC+%E2%80%93+1520+BC+Dover+Bronze+Age+Boat&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjN9PDJ2pXcAhXQulMKHYG7CHoQ6AEIMTAC#v=onepage&q=1575%20BC%20%E2%80%93%201520%20BC%20Dover%20Bronze%20Age%20Boat&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}} || [[File:Dover bronze boat.jpg|150px]]
 
|-
 
|-
| 542 BC || || First written record of a {{w|trireme}}. ||
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| 542 BC || Watercraft || First written record of a {{w|trireme}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Treister |first1=Michail Yu |title=The Role of Metals in Ancient Greek History |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=dcTexDa4I0kC&pg=PA139&dq=542+BC++trireme.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiltL7EuJDcAhXCDpAKHaMgCXwQ6AEIMDAB#v=onepage&q=542%20BC%20%20trireme.&f=false}}</ref> || || [[File:Trireme cut-en.svg|thumb|center|150px|Cross-section of a trireme]]
 
|-
 
|-
| 247 BC || || The {{w|Lighthouse of Alexandria}} is completed. || {{w|Egypt}}
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| 247 BC || Infrastructure || The {{w|Lighthouse of Alexandria}} is completed.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kamath |first1=Anjali |title=Seven Wonders Of Worlds |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=weAYcayK1kUC&pg=PT12&dq=247+BC+The+Lighthouse+of+Alexandria+is+completed&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj4k-vdtpDcAhXBGpAKHasTAO4Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=247%20BC%20The%20Lighthouse%20of%20Alexandria%20is%20completed&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Splinter |first1=Robert |title=Illustrated Encyclopedia of Applied and Engineering Physics, Three-Volume Set |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Re6fDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA672&dq=247+BC+The+Lighthouse+of+Alexandria+is+completed&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj4k-vdtpDcAhXBGpAKHasTAO4Q6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=247%20BC%20The%20Lighthouse%20of%20Alexandria%20is%20completed&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Cline |first1=Teresa |title=On a Tall Budget and Short Attention Span (Full Color) |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=72a1AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT247&dq=247+BC+The+Lighthouse+of+Alexandria+is+completed&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj4k-vdtpDcAhXBGpAKHasTAO4Q6AEIODAD#v=onepage&q=247%20BC%20The%20Lighthouse%20of%20Alexandria%20is%20completed&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Egypt}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 214 BC || || The {{w|Lingqu Canal}} is built. || {{w|China}}
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| 214 BC || Infrastructure || The {{w|Lingqu Canal}} is built. It is the earliest canal recorded in history.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sweeting |first1=Marjorie M. |title=Karst in China: Its Geomorphology and Environment |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=5z7tCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA33&dq=214+BC+The+Lingqu+Canal+is+built.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjpq-Wgt5DcAhUEIpAKHbopDYwQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Developing Gratitude in Children and Adolescents |edition=Jonathan R. H. Tudge, Lia Beatriz de Lucca Freitas |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Rw44DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA121&dq=214+BC+The+Lingqu+Canal+is+built.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjpq-Wgt5DcAhUEIpAKHbopDYwQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=214%20BC%20The%20Lingqu%20Canal%20is%20built.&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Xu |first1=Gang |title=Tourism and Local Development in China: Case Studies of Guilin, Suzhou and Beidaihe |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=nShTAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA34&dq=214+BC+The+Lingqu+Canal+is+built.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjpq-Wgt5DcAhUEIpAKHbopDYwQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=214%20BC%20The%20Lingqu%20Canal%20is%20built.&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|China}}
 
|-
 
|-
| c.200 AC || || [[w:junk (ship)|Junks]] are developed in China. || {{w|China}}
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| c.200 AC || Watercraft type || [[w:junk (ship)|Junks]] are developed in China.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chinese junks |url=https://www.historyanswers.co.uk/inventions/chinese-junks/ |website=historyanswers.co.uk |accessdate=8 July 2018}}</ref> || {{w|China}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 984 AC || || {{w|Pound lock}}s are used in China.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Temple |first1=Robert K. G. |title=China: Land of Discovery [and Invention] |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=6FVwAAAAMAAJ&q=%22984%22+Pound+locks+are+used+in+China&dq=%22984%22+Pound+locks+are+used+in+China&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHi86ZtOHbAhUCS5AKHWNkCZoQ6AEINzAD}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Menzies |first1=Gavin |title=1434: The Year a Magnificent Chinese Fleet Sailed to Italy and Ignited the Renaissance |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=LR4RAQAAIAAJ&q=%22984%22+Pound+locks+are+used+in+China&dq=%22984%22+Pound+locks+are+used+in+China&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHi86ZtOHbAhUCS5AKHWNkCZoQ6AEIOzAE}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Landry |first1=Elaine |last2=Dartford |first2=Mark |last3=Morris |first3=Trevor |title=The New Illustrated Science and Invention Encyclopedia: The New how it Works, Volume 11 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=nmdFAAAAYAAJ&q=%22984%22+Pound+locks+are+used+in+China&dq=%22984%22+Pound+locks+are+used+in+China&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHi86ZtOHbAhUCS5AKHWNkCZoQ6AEIQDAF}}</ref> || {{w|China}}
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| 984 AC || Infrastructure || {{w|Pound lock}}s are used in China.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Temple |first1=Robert K. G. |title=China: Land of Discovery [and Invention] |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=6FVwAAAAMAAJ&q=%22984%22+Pound+locks+are+used+in+China&dq=%22984%22+Pound+locks+are+used+in+China&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHi86ZtOHbAhUCS5AKHWNkCZoQ6AEINzAD}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Menzies |first1=Gavin |title=1434: The Year a Magnificent Chinese Fleet Sailed to Italy and Ignited the Renaissance |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=LR4RAQAAIAAJ&q=%22984%22+Pound+locks+are+used+in+China&dq=%22984%22+Pound+locks+are+used+in+China&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHi86ZtOHbAhUCS5AKHWNkCZoQ6AEIOzAE}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Landry |first1=Elaine |last2=Dartford |first2=Mark |last3=Morris |first3=Trevor |title=The New Illustrated Science and Invention Encyclopedia: The New how it Works, Volume 11 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=nmdFAAAAYAAJ&q=%22984%22+Pound+locks+are+used+in+China&dq=%22984%22+Pound+locks+are+used+in+China&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHi86ZtOHbAhUCS5AKHWNkCZoQ6AEIQDAF}}</ref> || {{w|China}}
 
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|-
 
| c.1000 AC || || {{w|Leif Ericson}} reaches North America. This is the first recorded crossing of the {{w|Atlantic Ocean}}. ||
 
| c.1000 AC || || {{w|Leif Ericson}} reaches North America. This is the first recorded crossing of the {{w|Atlantic Ocean}}. ||
 
|-
 
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| 1088 || || Chinese polymath {{w|Shen Kuo}} first describes a magnetic {{w|compass}} in his {{w|Dream Pool Essays}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Stein |first1=Stephen K. |title=The Sea in World History: Exploration, Travel, and Trade [2 volumes] |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=QmOWDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA218&dq=%221088%22+Shen+Kuo+first+describes+a+magnetic+compass+in+his+Dream+Pool+Essays.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjct5r4ruHbAhWCDZAKHcSSCAsQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%221088%22%20Shen%20Kuo%20first%20describes%20a%20magnetic%20compass%20in%20his%20Dream%20Pool%20Essays.&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=DK |title=Science Year by Year: A Visual History, From Stone Tools to Space Travel |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Vq78DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA42&dq=%221088%22+Shen+Kuo+first+describes+a+magnetic+%22compass%22+in+his+Dream+Pool+Essays.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiuv-L9ruHbAhXBEZAKHR26ATIQ6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=%221088%22%20Shen%20Kuo%20first%20describes%20a%20magnetic%20%22compass%22%20in%20his%20Dream%20Pool%20Essays.&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Whitehouse |first1=David |title=Journey to the Centre of the Earth: The Remarkable Voyage of Scientific Discovery into the Heart of Our World |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=ceNDBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT132&dq=%221088%22+Shen+Kuo+first+describes+a+magnetic+%22compass%22+in+his+Dream+Pool+Essays.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiuv-L9ruHbAhXBEZAKHR26ATIQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=%221088%22%20Shen%20Kuo%20first%20describes%20a%20magnetic%20%22compass%22%20in%20his%20Dream%20Pool%20Essays.&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|China}}  
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| 1088 || Technology || Chinese polymath {{w|Shen Kuo}} first describes a magnetic {{w|compass}} in his {{w|Dream Pool Essays}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Stein |first1=Stephen K. |title=The Sea in World History: Exploration, Travel, and Trade [2 volumes] |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=QmOWDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA218&dq=%221088%22+Shen+Kuo+first+describes+a+magnetic+compass+in+his+Dream+Pool+Essays.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjct5r4ruHbAhWCDZAKHcSSCAsQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%221088%22%20Shen%20Kuo%20first%20describes%20a%20magnetic%20compass%20in%20his%20Dream%20Pool%20Essays.&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=DK |title=Science Year by Year: A Visual History, From Stone Tools to Space Travel |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Vq78DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA42&dq=%221088%22+Shen+Kuo+first+describes+a+magnetic+%22compass%22+in+his+Dream+Pool+Essays.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiuv-L9ruHbAhXBEZAKHR26ATIQ6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=%221088%22%20Shen%20Kuo%20first%20describes%20a%20magnetic%20%22compass%22%20in%20his%20Dream%20Pool%20Essays.&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Whitehouse |first1=David |title=Journey to the Centre of the Earth: The Remarkable Voyage of Scientific Discovery into the Heart of Our World |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=ceNDBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT132&dq=%221088%22+Shen+Kuo+first+describes+a+magnetic+%22compass%22+in+his+Dream+Pool+Essays.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiuv-L9ruHbAhXBEZAKHR26ATIQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=%221088%22%20Shen%20Kuo%20first%20describes%20a%20magnetic%20%22compass%22%20in%20his%20Dream%20Pool%20Essays.&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|China}}
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|-
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| 1159 || || The {{w|Hanseatic League}} is founded in the {{w|Baltic Sea}} port of {{w|Lübeck}} as a maritime league.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ciment |first1=James |title=How They Lived: An Annotated Tour of Daily Life through History in Primary Sources [2 volumes]: An Annotated Tour of Daily Life through History in Primary Sources |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=8zkVCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA409&dq=%22Hanseatic+League%22+%22in+1159%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiswYvA3JXcAhXRoFMKHe5ICoEQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22Hanseatic%20League%22%20%22in%201159%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=A Companion to the Hanseatic League |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=sfhyBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA27&dq=%22Hanseatic+League%22+%22in+1159%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiswYvA3JXcAhXRoFMKHe5ICoEQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=%22Hanseatic%20League%22%20%22in%201159%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Henningsen |first1=Bernd |last2=Etzold |first2=Tobias |last3=Hanne |first3=Krister |title=The Baltic Sea Region: A Comprehensive Guide: History, Politics, Culture and Economy of a European Role Model |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=4g1CDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA50&dq=%22Hanseatic+League%22+%22in+1159%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiswYvA3JXcAhXRoFMKHe5ICoEQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=%22Hanseatic%20League%22%20%22in%201159%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Germany}}
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|-
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| c.1190 || || English scholar {{w|Alexander Neckam}} writes the first European description of a magnetic compass. ||
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|-
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| {{w|13th century}} || Technology || {{w|Portolan chart}}s are introduced in the {{w|Mediterranean}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Portolan Chart of the Mediterranean Sea |url=http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/unvbrit/p/001add000010134u00003vrb.html |website=bl.uk |accessdate=11 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Portolan chart |url=https://www.britannica.com/technology/portolan-chart |website=britannica.com |accessdate=11 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Portolan Charts |url=https://beinecke.library.yale.edu/collections/highlights/portolan-charts |website=beinecke.library.yale.edu |accessdate=11 July 2018}}</ref> ||
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|-
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| 1620 || Watercraft type || Dutch engineer {{w|Cornelis Drebbel}} builds the world's first submarine.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Thornton |first1=W.M |title=Submarine Insignia and Submarine Services of the World |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=wdCkAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA87&dq=%22IN+1620%22+%22submarine%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjJtq3lteDbAhWHF5AKHdwMDmUQ6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=%22IN%201620%22%20%22submarine%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=The Submarine |publisher=United States Navy |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=GLy8quRc-YYC&pg=PA1&dq=%22IN+1620%22+%22submarine%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjJtq3lteDbAhWHF5AKHdwMDmUQ6AEINzAD#v=onepage&q=%22IN%201620%22%20%22submarine%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Broadwater |first1=Robert P. |title=Civil War Special Forces: The Elite and Distinct Fighting Units of the Union and Confederate Armies: The Elite and Distinct Fighting Units of the Union and Confederate Armies |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=txeDBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA178&dq=%22IN+1620%22+%22submarine%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjp9NrGtuDbAhWLjJAKHdBhAnwQ6AEIQjAF#v=onepage&q=%22IN%201620%22%20%22submarine%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Netherlands}}
 +
|-
 +
| 1757 || Technology || London astronomer [[w:John Bird (astronomer)|John Bird]] makes the first {{w|sextant}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pickthall |first1=Barry |title=A History of Sailing in 100 Objects |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=ULdQDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA60&dq=%22in+1757%22+%22first+sextant%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwik3tvT5JXcAhUQylMKHZ_8B4QQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201757%22%20%22first%20sextant%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Campbell |first1=Douglas E. |last2=Chant |first2=Stephen J. |title=Patent Log: Innovative Patents that Advanced the United States Navy |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=vYr8AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA83&dq=%22in+1757%22+%22first+sextant%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwik3tvT5JXcAhUQylMKHZ_8B4QQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201757%22%20%22first%20sextant%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Stein |first1=Stephen K. |title=The Sea in World History: Exploration, Travel, and Trade [2 volumes] |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=QmOWDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA457&dq=%22in+1757%22+%22first+sextant%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwik3tvT5JXcAhUQylMKHZ_8B4QQ6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201757%22%20%22first%20sextant%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
 +
|-
 +
| 1783 || Watercraft || French engineer {{w|Claude de Jouffroy}} constructs the first recorded {{w|steamboat}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mapp |first1=Alf J. |title=Three Golden Ages: Discovering the Creative Secrets of Renaissance Florence, Elizabethan England, and America's Founding |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=gVHaJK-MlXQC&pg=PA505&dq=%22in+1783%22+Claude+de+Jouffroy+%22steamboat%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjOjv7YsOHbAhWIQZAKHSb1CfMQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201783%22%20Claude%20de%20Jouffroy%20%22steamboat%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Owen Philip |first1=Cynthia |title=Robert Fulton: A Biography |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=4zjI4-YrRE4C&pg=PA142&dq=%22in+1783%22+Claude+de+Jouffroy+%22steamboat%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjOjv7YsOHbAhWIQZAKHSb1CfMQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201783%22%20Claude%20de%20Jouffroy%20%22steamboat%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Headrick |first1=Daniel R. |title=Power over Peoples: Technology, Environments, and Western Imperialism, 1400 to the Present |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=-xRtD64vi5EC&pg=PA179&dq=%22in+1783%22+Claude+de+Jouffroy+%22steamboat%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjOjv7YsOHbAhWIQZAKHSb1CfMQ6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201783%22%20Claude%20de%20Jouffroy%20%22steamboat%22&f=false}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
 +
| 1787 || Watercraft type || American inventor [[w:John Fitch (inventor)|John Fitch]] designs the first {{w|steamboat}} in the United States.<ref>{{cite book |last1=McCloy |first1=Shelby T. |title=French Inventions of the Eighteenth Century |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=qOMeBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA28&dq=%22in+1787%22+%22steamboat%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwicgs3ouuDbAhWLjpAKHceNBnQQ6AEITTAH#v=onepage&q=%22in%201787%22%20%22steamboat%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Grayson |first1=Robert |title=The U.S. Industrial Revolution |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=PK-UKVgD7X0C&pg=PA31&dq=%22in+1787%22+%22steamboat%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwicgs3ouuDbAhWLjpAKHceNBnQQ6AEIWDAJ#v=onepage&q=%22in%201787%22%20%22steamboat%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Barth |first1=Linda J. |title=New Jersey Originals: Technological Marvels, Odd Inventions, Trailblazing Characters and More |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=hsFdDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA76&dq=%22in+1787%22+%22steamboat%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwicgs3ouuDbAhWLjpAKHceNBnQQ6AEIPjAE#v=onepage&q=%22in%201787%22%20%22steamboat%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
 +
|-
 +
| 1790 || Infrastructure || {{w|Canal Mania}} –a period of intense {{w|canal}} building, begins in {{w|England}} and {{w|Wales}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Samuelson |first1=James |title=The Civilization of Our Day: A Series of Original Essays on Some of Its More Important Phases at the Close of the Nineteenth Century |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=nYoEAAAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1790%22+%22Canal+Mania%22++canal+building,+begins+in+England+and+Wales.&dq=%22in+1790%22+%22Canal+Mania%22++canal+building,+begins+in+England+and+Wales.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiei_aQr5fcAhXNnJAKHevrDvIQ6AEILjAB}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Scientific American: Supplement, Volume 61 |publisher=Munn and Company |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=-wIiAQAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1790%22+%22Canal+Mania%22++canal+building,+begins+in+England+and+Wales.&dq=%22in+1790%22+%22Canal+Mania%22++canal+building,+begins+in+England+and+Wales.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiei_aQr5fcAhXNnJAKHevrDvIQ6AEIMjAC}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Burton |first1=Anthony |title=Richard Trevithick: Giant of Steam |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=ajMfAQAAIAAJ&q=%22in+1790%22+%22Canal+Mania%22++canal+building,+begins+in+England+and+Wales.&dq=%22in+1790%22+%22Canal+Mania%22++canal+building,+begins+in+England+and+Wales.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiei_aQr5fcAhXNnJAKHevrDvIQ6AEINjAD}}</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
 +
|-
 +
| 1797 || Infrastructure || The {{w|Lune Aqueduct}} is completed.<ref name="10 Of the World’s Most Amazing Water Bridges">{{cite web |title=10 Of the World’s Most Amazing Water Bridges |url=https://interestingengineering.com/10-water-bridges |website=interestingengineering.com |accessdate=9 July 2018}}</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
 +
|-
 +
| 1799 || Infrastructure || The {{w|Edstone Aqueduct}} is completed.<ref name="10 Of the World’s Most Amazing Water Bridges"/> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
 +
|-
 +
| 1803 || Watercraft type || Scottish engineer {{w|William Symington}}'s {{w|Charlotte Dundas}}, generally considered to be the world's first practical steamboat, makes its first voyage.<ref>{{cite book |title=Growing Up with Science |publisher=Marshall Cavendish Corporation |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=acomopX55gwC&pg=PA909&dq=%22in+1803%22+Charlotte+Dundas&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjs8pPEseHbAhXLDZAKHbNRCYcQ6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201803%22%20Charlotte%20Dundas&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Lienhard |first1=John H. |title=How Invention Begins: Echoes of Old Voices in the Rise of New Machines |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=GpGf2Io_jnMC&pg=PT114&dq=%22in+1803%22+Charlotte+Dundas&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjs8pPEseHbAhXLDZAKHbNRCYcQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201803%22%20Charlotte%20Dundas&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Wolmar |first1=Christian |title=The Great Railway Revolution: The Epic Story of the American Railroad |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=f6XaTt4tmIkC&pg=PP27&dq=%22in+1803%22+Charlotte+Dundas&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjs8pPEseHbAhXLDZAKHbNRCYcQ6AEISTAG#v=onepage&q=%22in%201803%22%20Charlotte%20Dundas&f=false}}</ref> ||
 +
|-
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| 1804 || Watercraft type || American inventor {{w|Oliver Evans}} builds an early [[w:amphibious dredge boat|amphibious vehicle]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shallat |first1=Todd A. |title=Structures in the Stream: Water, Science, and the Rise of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=uB-1vd-ildgC&pg=PA149&dq=%22in+1804%22+%22Oliver+Evans%22+%22amphibious%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiE763czOPbAhVDFJAKHSyAAxwQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201804%22%20%22Oliver%20Evans%22%20%22amphibious%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Jefferson |first1=Thomas |title=The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Retirement Series, Volume 7: 28 November 1813 to 30 September 1814 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=eX_A2Fk3-GwC&pg=PA109&dq=%22in+1804%22+%22Oliver+Evans%22+%22amphibious%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiE763czOPbAhVDFJAKHSyAAxwQ6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201804%22%20%22Oliver%20Evans%22%20%22amphibious%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Clark |first1=Daniel-Kinnear |last2=Colburn |first2=Zerah |title=Recent Practice in the Locomotive Engine ... Comprising the Latest English Improvements, and a Treatise on the Locomotive Engines of the United States |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=zYhNAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA47&dq=%22in+1804%22+%22Oliver+Evans%22+%22amphibious%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiE763czOPbAhVDFJAKHSyAAxwQ6AEIPjAE#v=onepage&q=%22in%201804%22%20%22Oliver%20Evans%22%20%22amphibious%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
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|-
 +
| 1805 || Infrastructure || The {{w|Pontcysyllte Aqueduct}} is completed in {{w|Wales}}.<ref name="10 Of the World’s Most Amazing Water Bridges"/> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
 +
|-
 +
| 1807 || Watercraft type || American engineer {{w|Robert Fulton}} develops its {{w|North River Steamboat}}, the first commercially successful steamboat.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Schwarz |first1=George R |title=The Steamboat Phoenix and the Archaeology of Early Steam Navigation in North America |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=F79aDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT28&dq=%22in+1807%22+%22steamboat%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi4s_imzuPbAhXGIZAKHTaNBEkQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201807%22%20%22steamboat%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Adams |first1=Arthur G. |title=The Hudson Through the Years |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=As5tyLSVC5wC&pg=PA44&dq=%22in+1807%22+%22steamboat%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi4s_imzuPbAhXGIZAKHTaNBEkQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201807%22%20%22steamboat%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Ward |first1=John D. |title=An Account of the Steamboat Controversy Between the Citizens of New York and New Jersey, from 1811 to 1824: Originating in the Asserted Claim of New York to the Exclusive Jurisdiction Over All the Waters Between the Two States |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=algrAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA5&dq=%22in+1807%22+%22steamboat%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi4s_imzuPbAhXGIZAKHTaNBEkQ6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201807%22%20%22steamboat%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
 +
|-
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| 1807 || Technology || French inventor {{w|Nicéphore Niépce}} patents his {{w|Pyréolophore}}, the world's first internal combustion engine.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hannavy |first1=John |title=Encyclopedia of nineteenth-century photography: A-I, index |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=PJ8DHBay4_EC&pg=PA1003&dq=%22in+1807%22+Nic%C3%A9phore+Ni%C3%A9pce&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwid6qmStuHbAhVGEZAKHVp9DQwQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201807%22%20Nic%C3%A9phore%20Ni%C3%A9pce&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Winterton |first1=Wayne |title=Stories from History’S Dust Bin, Volume 1 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=6IbqCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT211&dq=%22in+1807%22+Nic%C3%A9phore+Ni%C3%A9pce&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwid6qmStuHbAhVGEZAKHVp9DQwQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201807%22%20Nic%C3%A9phore%20Ni%C3%A9pce&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Hughes |first1=Stefan |title=Catchers of the Light: The Forgotten Lives of the Men and Women Who First Photographed the Heavens |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=iZk5OOf7fVYC&pg=PA11&dq=%22in+1807%22+Nic%C3%A9phore+Ni%C3%A9pce&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwid6qmStuHbAhVGEZAKHVp9DQwQ6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201807%22%20Nic%C3%A9phore%20Ni%C3%A9pce&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|France}}
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|-
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| 1819 || Technology || The {{w|SS Savannah}} makes the first transatlantic crossing by a steamship, from {{w|Savannah, Georgia}} to {{w|London}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=McDonogh |first1=Gary W. |title=Black and Catholic in Savannah, Georgia |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=ZAdb_5sW4HwC&pg=PA26&dq=%22in+1819%22+%22ss+savannah%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiIlpbV1uPbAhUIH5AKHbJqBxoQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201819%22%20%22ss%20savannah%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Blume |first1=Kenneth J. |title=Historical Dictionary of the U.S. Maritime Industry |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=r_jTIbdFUnYC&pg=PA430&dq=%22in+1819%22+%22ss+savannah%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiIlpbV1uPbAhUIH5AKHbJqBxoQ6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201819%22%20%22ss%20savannah%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Beney |first1=Peter |title=The Majesty of Savannah |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=G0vsqvhgKTUC&pg=PA17&dq=%22in+1819%22+%22ss+savannah%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiIlpbV1uPbAhUIH5AKHbJqBxoQ6AEIOjAD#v=onepage&q=%22in%201819%22%20%22ss%20savannah%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}, {{w|United Kingdom}}
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|-
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| 1820 || Notable voyage || Russian officer {{w|Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen}} discovers mainland {{w|Antarctica}}.<ref>{{cite book |title=World Exploration From Ancient Times |publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=jfmcAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA89&dq=%22in+1820%22+%22Bellingshausen%22+%22antarctica%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiToaCH_JDcAhVFkZAKHbqGAmgQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201820%22%20%22Bellingshausen%22%20%22antarctica%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Cantrill |first1=David J. |last2=Poole |first2=Imogen |title=The Vegetation of Antarctica Through Geological Time |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=sOGH4xaioRUC&pg=PA2&dq=%22in+1820%22+%22Bellingshausen%22+%22antarctica%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiToaCH_JDcAhVFkZAKHbqGAmgQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201820%22%20%22Bellingshausen%22%20%22antarctica%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Kramme |first1=Michael |title=Exploring Antarctica, Grades 5 - 8 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=xcppAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA22&dq=%22in+1820%22+%22Bellingshausen%22+%22antarctica%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiToaCH_JDcAhVFkZAKHbqGAmgQ6AEIQDAE#v=onepage&q=%22in%201820%22%20%22Bellingshausen%22%20%22antarctica%22&f=false}}</ref> ||
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|-
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| 1821 || Infrastructure || The {{w|Avon Aqueduct}} is completed in {{w|Scotland}}.<ref name="10 Of the World’s Most Amazing Water Bridges"/> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
 +
|-
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| 1859 || Watercraft type || The first ironclad warship, the [[w:French ironclad Gloire|Gloire]], is launched.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Broadwater |first1=John D. |title=USS Monitor: A Historic Ship Completes Its Final Voyage |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=ht7Im50Mec8C&pg=PA34&dq=%221859%22+The+first+ironclad+warship,+the+Gloire,+is+launched.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiU2cO9-5DcAhWGi5AKHVIsAk0Q6AEIKzAB#v=onepage&q=%221859%22%20The%20first%20ironclad%20warship%2C%20the%20Gloire%2C%20is%20launched.&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Stein |first1=Stephen K. |title=The Sea in World History: Exploration, Travel, and Trade [2 volumes] |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=QmOWDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA502&dq=%221859%22+The+first+ironclad+warship,+the+Gloire,+is+launched.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiU2cO9-5DcAhWGi5AKHVIsAk0Q6AEIMTAC#v=onepage&q=%221859%22%20The%20first%20ironclad%20warship%2C%20the%20Gloire%2C%20is%20launched.&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=American Pageant Complete |publisher=CTI Reviews |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=9uxNy9l-A8YC&pg=PT297&dq=%221859%22+The+first+ironclad+warship,+the+Gloire,+is+launched.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiU2cO9-5DcAhWGi5AKHVIsAk0Q6AEINjAD#v=onepage&q=%221859%22%20The%20first%20ironclad%20warship%2C%20the%20Gloire%2C%20is%20launched.&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|France}}
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|-
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| 1861 || Watercraft type || The Elizabeth Watt is generally credited for being the first ship to transport a cargo of oil across the Atlantic.<ref name="Historical Development of the Pipeline as a Mode of Transportation">{{cite web|title=Historical Development of the Pipeline as a Mode of Transportation|url=http://gammathetaupsilon.org/the-geographical-bulletin/2000s/volume43-2/article4.pdf|website=gammathetaupsilon.org|accessdate=18 August 2017}}</ref> ||
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|-
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| 1861 || Watercraft type || The {{w|USS Ice Boat (1861)}} launches as the first purpose-built {{w|icebreaker}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=NavSource Online: "Old Navy" Ship Photo Archive |url=http://www.navsource.org/archives/09/86/86218.htm |website=navsource.org |accessdate=21 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Phila. Ice Boat. Navy Yard. Washington DC May 23/61. |url=http://www.americancivilwarphotos.com/content/phila-ice-boat-navy-yard-washington-dc-may-2361 |website=americancivilwarphotos.com |accessdate=21 June 2018}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
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|-
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| 1864 || Technology || {{w|Ictineo II}}, by Spanish engineer {{w|Narcís Monturiol}}, becomes the first submarine powered by an {{w|internal-combustion engine}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Verne |first1=Jules |title=Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=CUhXwKhnDl8C&pg=PT207&dq=%22in+1864%22+%22Ictineo+II%22+%22submarine%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiH0eeg8uLbAhWDEJAKHf4wB48Q6AEIOTAD#v=onepage&q=%22in%201864%22%20%22Ictineo%20II%22%20%22submarine%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Cairns |first1=Lynne |title=Secret Fleets: Fremantle's World War II Submarine Base |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=fbfBAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA25&dq=%22in+1864%22+%22Ictineo+II%22+%22submarine%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiH0eeg8uLbAhWDEJAKHf4wB48Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201864%22%20%22Ictineo%20II%22%20%22submarine%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Chaffin |first1=Tom |title=The H. L. Hunley: The Secret Hope of the Confederacy |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=pQcjlDMjXFoC&pg=PA55&dq=%22in+1864%22+%22Ictineo+II%22+%22submarine%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiH0eeg8uLbAhWDEJAKHf4wB48Q6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201864%22%20%22Ictineo%20II%22%20%22submarine%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Spain}}
 +
|-
 +
| 1869 || Infrastructure || The {{w|Suez Canal}} opens.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Raugh |first1=Harold E. |title=The Victorians at War, 1815-1914: An Encyclopedia of British Military History |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=HvE_Pa_ZlfsC&pg=PA130&dq=%22in+1869%22+%22Suez+Canal%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi9ks_QpePbAhVJFpAKHYDfCYcQ6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201869%22%20%22Suez%20Canal%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Burns |first1=Maria G. |title=Port Management and Operations |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=aHLOBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA213&dq=%22in+1869%22+%22Suez+Canal%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi9ks_QpePbAhVJFpAKHYDfCYcQ6AEIOjAD#v=onepage&q=%22in%201869%22%20%22Suez%20Canal%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Graf |first1=Arndt |last2=Huat |first2=Chua Beng |title=Port Cities in Asia and Europe |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=-dKPAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA27&dq=%22in+1869%22+%22Suez+Canal%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi9ks_QpePbAhVJFpAKHYDfCYcQ6AEIQDAE#v=onepage&q=%22in%201869%22%20%22Suez%20Canal%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Egypt}}
 +
|-
 +
| 1893 || Infrastructure || The {{w|Corinth Canal}} opens.<ref>{{cite book |last1=De Wire |first1=Elinor |last2=Reyes-Pergioudakis |first2=Dolores |title=The Lighthouses of Greece |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=5BzaS_uwQ4cC&pg=PA85&dq=%22in+1893%22+The+Corinth+Canal+opens.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjthfXfwOPbAhVPlpAKHX5YAO4Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201893%22%20The%20Corinth%20Canal%20opens.&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=di Castri |first1=F. |last2=Hansen |first2=A.J. |last3=Debussche |first3=M |title=Biological Invasions in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=A_XtCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA298&dq=%22in+1893%22+The+Corinth+Canal+opens.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjthfXfwOPbAhVPlpAKHX5YAO4Q6AEILzAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201893%22%20The%20Corinth%20Canal%20opens.&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Tan |first1=T. S. |title=Characterisation and Engineering Properties of Natural Soils, Volume 2 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=UpTwpiGrvZ4C&pg=PA1437&dq=%22in+1893%22+The+Corinth+Canal+opens.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjthfXfwOPbAhVPlpAKHX5YAO4Q6AEIOTAD#v=onepage&q=%22in%201893%22%20The%20Corinth%20Canal%20opens.&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Greece}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1620 || || Dutch engineer {{w|Cornelis Drebbel}} builds the world's first submarine.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Thornton |first1=W.M |title=Submarine Insignia and Submarine Services of the World |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=wdCkAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA87&dq=%22IN+1620%22+%22submarine%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjJtq3lteDbAhWHF5AKHdwMDmUQ6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=%22IN%201620%22%20%22submarine%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=The Submarine |publisher=United States Navy |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=GLy8quRc-YYC&pg=PA1&dq=%22IN+1620%22+%22submarine%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjJtq3lteDbAhWHF5AKHdwMDmUQ6AEINzAD#v=onepage&q=%22IN%201620%22%20%22submarine%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Broadwater |first1=Robert P. |title=Civil War Special Forces: The Elite and Distinct Fighting Units of the Union and Confederate Armies: The Elite and Distinct Fighting Units of the Union and Confederate Armies |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=txeDBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA178&dq=%22IN+1620%22+%22submarine%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjp9NrGtuDbAhWLjJAKHdBhAnwQ6AEIQjAF#v=onepage&q=%22IN%201620%22%20%22submarine%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Netherlands}}
+
| 1895 || Infrastructure || The {{w|Kiel Canal}} opens.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Yang |first1=Haijiang |title=Jurisdiction of the Coastal State over Foreign Merchant Ships in Internal Waters and the Territorial Sea |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=EYnfBYoa3x0C&pg=PA79&dq=%22in+1895%22+The+Kiel+Canal+opens&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi6nYmQwOPbAhVLgpAKHWZDAxQQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201895%22%20The%20Kiel%20Canal%20opens&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Aust |first1=Anthony |title=Handbook of International Law |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=74Zmct-7hGIC&pg=PA336&dq=%22in+1895%22+The+Kiel+Canal+opens&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi6nYmQwOPbAhVLgpAKHWZDAxQQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201895%22%20The%20Kiel%20Canal%20opens&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Platzöder |first1=Renate |last2=Verlaan |first2=Philomène A. |title=The Baltic Sea: New Developments in National Policies and International Cooperation |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=AyIU6XIeDKwC&pg=PA135&dq=%22in+1895%22+The+Kiel+Canal+opens&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi6nYmQwOPbAhVLgpAKHWZDAxQQ6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201895%22%20The%20Kiel%20Canal%20opens&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Germany}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1783 || || French engineer {{w|Claude de Jouffroy}} constructs the first recorded {{w|steamboat}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mapp |first1=Alf J. |title=Three Golden Ages: Discovering the Creative Secrets of Renaissance Florence, Elizabethan England, and America's Founding |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=gVHaJK-MlXQC&pg=PA505&dq=%22in+1783%22+Claude+de+Jouffroy+%22steamboat%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjOjv7YsOHbAhWIQZAKHSb1CfMQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201783%22%20Claude%20de%20Jouffroy%20%22steamboat%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Owen Philip |first1=Cynthia |title=Robert Fulton: A Biography |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=4zjI4-YrRE4C&pg=PA142&dq=%22in+1783%22+Claude+de+Jouffroy+%22steamboat%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjOjv7YsOHbAhWIQZAKHSb1CfMQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201783%22%20Claude%20de%20Jouffroy%20%22steamboat%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Headrick |first1=Daniel R. |title=Power over Peoples: Technology, Environments, and Western Imperialism, 1400 to the Present |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=-xRtD64vi5EC&pg=PA179&dq=%22in+1783%22+Claude+de+Jouffroy+%22steamboat%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjOjv7YsOHbAhWIQZAKHSb1CfMQ6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201783%22%20Claude%20de%20Jouffroy%20%22steamboat%22&f=false}}</ref> ||
+
| 1896 || Infrastructure || The {{w|Briare aqueduct}} opens.<ref name="10 Of the World’s Most Amazing Water Bridges"/> || {{w|France}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1787 || || American inventor [[w:John Fitch (inventor)|John Fitch]] designs the first {{w|steamboat}} in the United States.<ref>{{cite book |last1=McCloy |first1=Shelby T. |title=French Inventions of the Eighteenth Century |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=qOMeBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA28&dq=%22in+1787%22+%22steamboat%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwicgs3ouuDbAhWLjpAKHceNBnQQ6AEITTAH#v=onepage&q=%22in%201787%22%20%22steamboat%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Grayson |first1=Robert |title=The U.S. Industrial Revolution |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=PK-UKVgD7X0C&pg=PA31&dq=%22in+1787%22+%22steamboat%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwicgs3ouuDbAhWLjpAKHceNBnQQ6AEIWDAJ#v=onepage&q=%22in%201787%22%20%22steamboat%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Barth |first1=Linda J. |title=New Jersey Originals: Technological Marvels, Odd Inventions, Trailblazing Characters and More |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=hsFdDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA76&dq=%22in+1787%22+%22steamboat%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwicgs3ouuDbAhWLjpAKHceNBnQQ6AEIPjAE#v=onepage&q=%22in%201787%22%20%22steamboat%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
+
| 1897 || Watercraft type || The {{w|Turbinia}} is launched. It is the first vessel to be powered by a steam turbine.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Blume |first1=Kenneth J. |title=Historical Dictionary of the U.S. Maritime Industry |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=r_jTIbdFUnYC&pg=PA304&dq=%22in+1897%22+The+Turbinia+is+launched.+It+is+the+first+vessel+to+be+powered+by+a+steam+turbine.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwim5tf-wePbAhWDkpAKHUnvDCAQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201897%22%20The%20Turbinia%20is%20launched.%20It%20is%20the%20first%20vessel%20to%20be%20powered%20by%20a%20steam%20turbine.&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Newton |first1=David E. |title=Encyclopedia of Water |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=-_k5AQAAIAAJ&q=%22in+1897%22+The+Turbinia+is+launched.+It+is+the+first+vessel+to+be+powered+by+a+steam+turbine.&dq=%22in+1897%22+The+Turbinia+is+launched.+It+is+the+first+vessel+to+be+powered+by+a+steam+turbine.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwim5tf-wePbAhWDkpAKHUnvDCAQ6AEIQDAE}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=DK |title=1000 Inventions and Discoveries |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=IztIBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA167&dq=%22in+1897%22+The+Turbinia+is+launched.+It+is+the+first+vessel+to+be+powered+by+a+steam+turbine.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwim5tf-wePbAhWDkpAKHUnvDCAQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201897%22%20The%20Turbinia%20is%20launched.%20It%20is%20the%20first%20vessel%20to%20be%20powered%20by%20a%20steam%20turbine.&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1803 || || Scottish engineer {{w|William Symington}}'s {{w|Charlotte Dundas}}, generally considered to be the world's first practical steamboat, makes its first voyage.<ref>{{cite book |title=Growing Up with Science |publisher=Marshall Cavendish Corporation |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=acomopX55gwC&pg=PA909&dq=%22in+1803%22+Charlotte+Dundas&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjs8pPEseHbAhXLDZAKHbNRCYcQ6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201803%22%20Charlotte%20Dundas&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Lienhard |first1=John H. |title=How Invention Begins: Echoes of Old Voices in the Rise of New Machines |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=GpGf2Io_jnMC&pg=PT114&dq=%22in+1803%22+Charlotte+Dundas&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjs8pPEseHbAhXLDZAKHbNRCYcQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201803%22%20Charlotte%20Dundas&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Wolmar |first1=Christian |title=The Great Railway Revolution: The Epic Story of the American Railroad |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=f6XaTt4tmIkC&pg=PP27&dq=%22in+1803%22+Charlotte+Dundas&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjs8pPEseHbAhXLDZAKHbNRCYcQ6AEISTAG#v=onepage&q=%22in%201803%22%20Charlotte%20Dundas&f=false}}</ref> ||
+
| 1911 || Watercraft type || Glenn Curtiss builds an early {{w|hydroplane}}.<ref>{{cite book |title=San Diego: a California City |publisher=San Diego Historical Society |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=KLpwAAAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1911%22+%22first+hydroplane%22&dq=%22in+1911%22+%22first+hydroplane%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjA8ufSuODbAhUBnZAKHShTBlkQ6AEIUjAJ}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Flying Magazine May 1967 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=ZpF3_9SawgQC&pg=PA57&dq=%22in+1911%22+%22first+hydroplane%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjA8ufSuODbAhUBnZAKHShTBlkQ6AEIOTAD#v=onepage&q=%22in%201911%22%20%22first%20hydroplane%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Great Soviet Encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=3mHSiteDJ20C&q=%22in+1911%22+%22first+hydroplane%22&dq=%22in+1911%22+%22first+hydroplane%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjA8ufSuODbAhUBnZAKHShTBlkQ6AEITjAI}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1804 || || "{{w|Oliver Evans}} (claimed to have) demonstrated a steam-powered {{w|amphibious vehicle}}." ||
+
| 1911 || Technology || The {{w|MS Selandia}} becomes the first important ocean-going vessel to be diesel powered.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Schobert |first1=Harold H. |title=Energy and Society: An Introduction |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=9aDcfXLuBmEC&pg=PA275&dq=%22in+1911%22+Selandia+launched,+the+first+ocean-going,+diesel+engine-driven+ship&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjlmc7yvOPbAhXHiZAKHat_CZQQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201911%22%20Selandia%20launched%2C%20the%20first%20ocean-going%2C%20diesel%20engine-driven%20ship&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Ville |first1=Simon |title=Shipbuilding in the United Kingdom in the Nineteenth Century: A Regional Approach |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=65BHDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA171&dq=%22in+1911%22+Selandia+launched,+the+first+ocean-going,+diesel+engine-driven+ship&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjlmc7yvOPbAhXHiZAKHat_CZQQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201911%22%20Selandia%20launched%2C%20the%20first%20ocean-going%2C%20diesel%20engine-driven%20ship&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Kaplan |first1=Philip |title=Naval Air: Celebrating a Century of Naval Flying |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=s5TwAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA10&dq=%22in+1918%22+%22+HMS+Furious%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiFsqCbsuPbAhVBF5AKHRfPBfYQ6AEIOjAD#v=onepage&q=%22in%201918%22%20%22%20HMS%20Furious%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Denmark}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1807 || || The passenger steamboat is invented in the United States. "{{w|Robert Fulton}}'s {{w|North River Steamboat}}, the world's first commercially successful steamboat, makes her maiden voyage." ||
+
| 1914 || Infrastructure || The {{w|Panama Canal}} opens.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Aguirre |first1=Robert |title=The Panama Canal |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=3u2wCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA264&dq=%22in+1914%22+%22Panama+Canal%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiaqKfJjOHbAhWGHZAKHRDaAQcQ6AEIMjAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201914%22%20%22Panama%20Canal%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=the panama canal in transition |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=fOCajLgpSDwC&pg=PA14&dq=%22in+1914%22+%22Panama+Canal%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiaqKfJjOHbAhWGHZAKHRDaAQcQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201914%22%20%22Panama%20Canal%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=LOIZILLON |first1=GABRIEL J. |title=THE BUNAU-VARILLA BROTHERS AND THE PANAMA CANAL |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=iKsRBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA48&dq=%22in+1914%22+%22Panama+Canal%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiaqKfJjOHbAhWGHZAKHRDaAQcQ6AEIPjAE#v=onepage&q=%22in%201914%22%20%22Panama%20Canal%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Panama}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1807 || || French inventor {{w|Nicéphore Niépce}} patents his {{w|Pyréolophore}}, the world's first internal combustion engine.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hannavy |first1=John |title=Encyclopedia of nineteenth-century photography: A-I, index |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=PJ8DHBay4_EC&pg=PA1003&dq=%22in+1807%22+Nic%C3%A9phore+Ni%C3%A9pce&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwid6qmStuHbAhVGEZAKHVp9DQwQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201807%22%20Nic%C3%A9phore%20Ni%C3%A9pce&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Winterton |first1=Wayne |title=Stories from History’S Dust Bin, Volume 1 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=6IbqCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT211&dq=%22in+1807%22+Nic%C3%A9phore+Ni%C3%A9pce&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwid6qmStuHbAhVGEZAKHVp9DQwQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201807%22%20Nic%C3%A9phore%20Ni%C3%A9pce&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Hughes |first1=Stefan |title=Catchers of the Light: The Forgotten Lives of the Men and Women Who First Photographed the Heavens |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=iZk5OOf7fVYC&pg=PA11&dq=%22in+1807%22+Nic%C3%A9phore+Ni%C3%A9pce&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwid6qmStuHbAhVGEZAKHVp9DQwQ6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201807%22%20Nic%C3%A9phore%20Ni%C3%A9pce&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|France}}
+
| 1915 || Watercraft type || Austrian naval officer {{w|Dagobert Müller von Thomamühl}} creates the first [[w:hovercraft|air cushion torpedo speedboat]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Müller (von) Thomamühl, Dagobert |url=https://austria-forum.org/af/Biographien/M%C3%BCller-Thomam%C3%BChl%2C_Dagobert |website=austria-forum.org |accessdate=21 June 2018}}</ref> || {{w|Austria}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1819 || || " {{w|SS Savannah}}, the first vessel to cross the Atlantic Ocean partly under steam power, arrives at Liverpool, England from Savannah, Georgia." ||
+
| 1918 || Watercraft type || The {{w|HMS Furious (47)}} becomes the first {{w|aircraft carrier}} used in warfare.<ref>{{cite book |title=Shipbuilding and Shipping Record, Volume 49, Part 2 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=1Z0PAAAAIAAJ&q=%22in+1918%22+%22+HMS+Furious%22&dq=%22in+1918%22+%22+HMS+Furious%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiFsqCbsuPbAhVBF5AKHRfPBfYQ6AEISzAG}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Friedman |first1=Norman |title=British carrier aviation: the evolution of the ships and their aircraft |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=71svAAAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1918%22+%22+HMS+Furious%22&dq=%22in+1918%22+%22+HMS+Furious%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiFsqCbsuPbAhVBF5AKHRfPBfYQ6AEIWTAJ}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Kaplan |first1=Philip |title=Naval Air: Celebrating a Century of Naval Flying |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=s5TwAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA10&dq=%22in+1918%22+%22+HMS+Furious%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiFsqCbsuPbAhVBF5AKHRfPBfYQ6AEIOjAD#v=onepage&q=%22in%201918%22%20%22%20HMS%20Furious%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1861 || || The Elizabeth Watt is generally credited for being the first ship to transport a cargo of oil across the Atlantic.<ref name="Historical Development of the Pipeline as a Mode of Transportation">{{cite web|title=Historical Development of the Pipeline as a Mode of Transportation|url=http://gammathetaupsilon.org/the-geographical-bulletin/2000s/volume43-2/article4.pdf|website=gammathetaupsilon.org|accessdate=18 August 2017}}</ref> ||
+
| 1955 || Watercraft type || {{w|USS Nautilus (SSN-571)}} launches as the world's first [[w:Nuclear marine propulsion|nuclear-powered vessel]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Castellano |first1=Robert N. |title=Alternative Energy Technologies: Opportunities and Markets |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=RUqXHr3WjOIC&pg=PA115&dq=%22in+1955%22+USS+Nautilus+(SSN-571)+launches+as+the+world%27s+first+nuclear-powered+vessel.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj0j7eS1OPbAhUDjJAKHU7ADl4Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201955%22%20USS%20Nautilus%20(SSN-571)%20launches%20as%20the%20world's%20first%20nuclear-powered%20vessel.&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Страутман |first1=Лидия |last2=Гумарова |first2=Шолпан |last3=Сабырбаева |first3=Назигуль |title=Introduction to the World of Physics. Методическое пособие по переводу научно-технических текстов |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=aE48DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT146&dq=%22in+1955%22+USS+Nautilus+(SSN-571)+launches+as+the+world%27s+first+nuclear-powered+vessel.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj0j7eS1OPbAhUDjJAKHU7ADl4Q6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201955%22%20USS%20Nautilus%20(SSN-571)%20launches%20as%20the%20world's%20first%20nuclear-powered%20vessel.&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Skaarup |first1=Harold A. |title=New England Warplanes: Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Me1Ey5kgthgC&pg=PT74&dq=%22in+1955%22+USS+Nautilus+(SSN-571)+launches+as+the+world%27s+first+nuclear-powered+vessel.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj0j7eS1OPbAhUDjJAKHU7ADl4Q6AEINTAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201955%22%20USS%20Nautilus%20(SSN-571)%20launches%20as%20the%20world's%20first%20nuclear-powered%20vessel.&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1861 || || The {{w|USS Ice Boat (1861)}} launches as the first purpose-built {{w|icebreaker}}. ||
+
| 1957 || Watercraft type || {{w|Malcom McLean}}'s Gateway City, the first ever ship specifically designed to carry containers, makes its first voyage from New Jersey to Miami.<ref name="A Complete History Of The Shipping Container"/> || {{w|United States}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1864 || || {{w|Ictineo II}}, by Spanish engineer {{w|Narcís Monturiol}}, becomes the first submarine powered by an {{w|internal-combustion engine}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Verne |first1=Jules |title=Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=CUhXwKhnDl8C&pg=PT207&dq=%22in+1864%22+%22Ictineo+II%22+%22submarine%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiH0eeg8uLbAhWDEJAKHf4wB48Q6AEIOTAD#v=onepage&q=%22in%201864%22%20%22Ictineo%20II%22%20%22submarine%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Cairns |first1=Lynne |title=Secret Fleets: Fremantle's World War II Submarine Base |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=fbfBAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA25&dq=%22in+1864%22+%22Ictineo+II%22+%22submarine%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiH0eeg8uLbAhWDEJAKHf4wB48Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201864%22%20%22Ictineo%20II%22%20%22submarine%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Chaffin |first1=Tom |title=The H. L. Hunley: The Secret Hope of the Confederacy |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=pQcjlDMjXFoC&pg=PA55&dq=%22in+1864%22+%22Ictineo+II%22+%22submarine%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiH0eeg8uLbAhWDEJAKHf4wB48Q6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201864%22%20%22Ictineo%20II%22%20%22submarine%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Spain}}
+
| 1959 || Notable voyage || The {{w|USS Skate (SSN-578)}} surfaces at the {{w|North Pole}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Silverstone |first1=Paul |title=The Navy of the Nuclear Age, 1947–2007 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Y36QAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA26&dq=%22in+1959%22+The+USS+Skate+(SSN-578)+surfaces+at+the+North+Pole.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjrweai8pXcAhWkpFkKHRt3BLoQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201959%22%20The%20USS%20Skate%20(SSN-578)%20surfaces%20at%20the%20North%20Pole.&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=US Military |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=vuiS68RUK5sC&pg=PA175&dq=%22in+1959%22+The+USS+Skate+(SSN-578)+surfaces+at+the+North+Pole.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjrweai8pXcAhWkpFkKHRt3BLoQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201959%22%20The%20USS%20Skate%20(SSN-578)%20surfaces%20at%20the%20North%20Pole.&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=United States Submarine Veterans, Inc: The First 40 Years |publisher=United States Submarine Veterans |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=NRvrZu5LvwgC&pg=PA175&dq=%22in+1959%22+The+USS+Skate+(SSN-578)+surfaces+at+the+North+Pole.&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjrweai8pXcAhWkpFkKHRt3BLoQ6AEIOjAE#v=onepage&q=%22in%201959%22%20The%20USS%20Skate%20(SSN-578)%20surfaces%20at%20the%20North%20Pole.&f=false}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1869 || || The {{w|Suez Canal}} opens. || {{w|Egypt}}
+
| 1961 || Infrastructure || The {{w|Ringvaart Aqueduct}} is built in the Netherlands.<ref name="10 Of the World’s Most Amazing Water Bridges"/> || {{w|Netherlands}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1895 || || The {{w|Kiel Canal}} opens. || {{w|Germany}}
+
| 1966 || Notable voyage || Sea-Land’s Fairland sails from the United States to the Netherlands with 236 containers on-board, in the first international container ship voyage.<ref name="A Complete History Of The Shipping Container"/> || {{w|United States}}, {{w|Netherlands}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1893 || || The {{w|Corinth Canal}} opens. || {{w|Greece}}
+
| 1966 || Infrastructure || Around 1% of countries have container ports.<ref name="A Complete History Of The Shipping Container">{{cite web |title=A Complete History Of The Shipping Container |url=https://www.containerhomeplans.org/2015/03/a-complete-history-of-the-shipping-container/ |website=containerhomeplans.org |accessdate=20 June 2018}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1897 || || The {{w|Turbinia}} is launched. It is the first vessel to be powered by a steam turbine. ||
+
| 1977 || Notable voyage || Soviet icebreaker [[w:Arktika (1972 icebreaker)|Arktika]] makes the first surface voyage to the {{w|North Pole}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Valsson |first1=Trausti |title=How the World Will Change with Global Warming |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=BQj2ENDFXpsC&pg=PT65&dq=%22in+1977%22+%22Arktika%22+%22north+pole%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi-le_2h-HbAhVCmJAKHQJ8AlcQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201977%22%20%22Arktika%22%20%22north%20pole%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Nuttall |first1=Mark |title=Encyclopedia of the Arctic |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Swr9BTI_2FEC&pg=PA1136&dq=%22in+1977%22+%22Arktika%22+%22north+pole%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi-le_2h-HbAhVCmJAKHQJ8AlcQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201977%22%20%22Arktika%22%20%22north%20pole%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Armstrong |first1=Terence E. |last2=Okhuizen |first2=Edwin |last3=Bulatov |first3=V. N. |last4=Nielsen |first4=Jens Petter |title=Historical and Current Uses of the Northern Sea Route: ] pt. 4. the administration of the northern sea route (1917-1991) |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=EoYRAAAAYAAJ&q=%22in+1977%22+%22Arktika%22+%22north+pole%22&dq=%22in+1977%22+%22Arktika%22+%22north+pole%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi-le_2h-HbAhVCmJAKHQJ8AlcQ6AEIQjAF}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1911 || || Glenn Curtiss builds an early {{w|hydroplane}}.<ref>{{cite book |title=San Diego: a California City |publisher=San Diego Historical Society |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=KLpwAAAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1911%22+%22first+hydroplane%22&dq=%22in+1911%22+%22first+hydroplane%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjA8ufSuODbAhUBnZAKHShTBlkQ6AEIUjAJ}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Flying Magazine May 1967 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=ZpF3_9SawgQC&pg=PA57&dq=%22in+1911%22+%22first+hydroplane%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjA8ufSuODbAhUBnZAKHShTBlkQ6AEIOTAD#v=onepage&q=%22in%201911%22%20%22first%20hydroplane%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Great Soviet Encyclopedia |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=3mHSiteDJ20C&q=%22in+1911%22+%22first+hydroplane%22&dq=%22in+1911%22+%22first+hydroplane%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjA8ufSuODbAhUBnZAKHShTBlkQ6AEITjAI}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
+
| 1983 || Infrastructure || 90% of countries have container ports, up from 1% in 1966.<ref name="A Complete History Of The Shipping Container"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1911 || || "{{w|Selandia}} launched, the first ocean-going, diesel engine-driven ship." ||
+
| 1985 || Watercraft type || The {{w|Sea Shadow (IX-529)}}, an early {{w|stealth ship}}, is launched.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Tucker |first1=Spencer C. |title=U.S. Conflicts in the 21st Century: Afghanistan War, Iraq War, and the War on Terror [3 volumes]: Afghanistan War, Iraq War, and the War on Terror |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=d8EnCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA815&dq=%22in+1985%22+Sea+Shadow+(IX-529)&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwje_KrM8ZDcAhVDGJAKHc2NBowQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201985%22%20Sea%20Shadow%20(IX-529)&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1914 || || The {{w|Panama Canal}} opens.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Aguirre |first1=Robert |title=The Panama Canal |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=3u2wCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA264&dq=%22in+1914%22+%22Panama+Canal%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiaqKfJjOHbAhWGHZAKHRDaAQcQ6AEIMjAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201914%22%20%22Panama%20Canal%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=the panama canal in transition |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=fOCajLgpSDwC&pg=PA14&dq=%22in+1914%22+%22Panama+Canal%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiaqKfJjOHbAhWGHZAKHRDaAQcQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201914%22%20%22Panama%20Canal%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=LOIZILLON |first1=GABRIEL J. |title=THE BUNAU-VARILLA BROTHERS AND THE PANAMA CANAL |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=iKsRBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA48&dq=%22in+1914%22+%22Panama+Canal%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiaqKfJjOHbAhWGHZAKHRDaAQcQ6AEIPjAE#v=onepage&q=%22in%201914%22%20%22Panama%20Canal%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|Panama}}
+
| 1994 || Technology || The {{w|Global Positioning System}} (GPS) becomes operational.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fossen |first1=Thor I. |title=Handbook of Marine Craft Hydrodynamics and Motion Control |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=vCAzd3DaZCgC&pg=PA230&dq=%22in+1994%22+Global+Positioning+System&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi4pZiMipbcAhVQwVkKHdECDqMQ6AEITjAF#v=onepage&q=%22in%201994%22%20Global%20Positioning%20System&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Neunzert |first1=Gaby M. |title=Subdividing the Land: Metes and Bounds and Rectangular Survey Systems |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=wKLMBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA131&dq=%22in+1994%22+Global+Positioning+System&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwin2qGXipbcAhWht1kKHVUdDuQ4ChDoAQgnMAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201994%22%20Global%20Positioning%20System&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Auerbach |first1=Paul S. |title=Wilderness Medicine E-Book: Expert Consult Premium Edition - Enhanced Online Features |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=tdTInPqMCjMC&pg=PA1905&dq=%22in+1994%22+Global+Positioning+System&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwin2qGXipbcAhWht1kKHVUdDuQ4ChDoAQg9MAQ#v=onepage&q=%22in%201994%22%20Global%20Positioning%20System&f=false}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1915 || || "The Luftkissengleitboot {{w|Hovercraft}}, the first hovering vehicle was created by Dagobert Müller. It could only travel on water." ||
+
| 2003 || Infrastructure || The {{w|Magdeburg Water Bridge}} opens.<ref name="10 Of the World’s Most Amazing Water Bridges"/> || {{w|Germany}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1918 || || The {{w|HMS Furious (47)}} becomes the first {{w|aircraft carrier}} used in warfare. ||
+
| 2003 || Infrastructure || The {{w|Krabbersgat Naviduct}} opens in the Netherlands.<ref name="10 Of the World’s Most Amazing Water Bridges"/> || {{w|Netherlands}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1955 || || {{w|USS Nautilus (SSN-571)}} launches as the world's first [[w:Nuclear marine propulsion|nuclear-powered vessel]]. || {{w|United States}}
+
| 2006 || Watercraft type || {{w|MS Freedom of the Seas}} is introduced and becomes the largest cruise liner at the time. It can accommodate 3,634 passengers and 1,300 crew on fifteen passenger decks.<ref>{{cite web |title=Top 10 Most Expensive Cruise Ships Ever Built |url=https://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/133368/top-10-most-expensive-cruise-ships-ever-built/ |website=worldmaritimenews.com |accessdate=11 July 2018}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1957 || || {{w|Malcom McLean}}'s Gateway City, the first ever ship specifically designed to carry containers, makes its first voyage from New Jersey to Miami.<ref name="A Complete History Of The Shipping Container"/> || {{w|United States}}
+
| 2011 || || [[w:cruise ship|Cruising]] accounts for US$29.4 billion with over 19 million passengers carried worldwide in the year.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cruisemarketwatch.com/blog1/articles/cruise-market-watch-announces-2011-cruise-line-market-share-and-revenue-projections/ |title=Cruise Market Watch Announces 2011 Cruise Line Market Share and Revenue Projections |work=Cruise Market Watch |date=accessdate=11 July 2018}}</ref>
 
|-
 
|-
| 1966 || || Sea-Land’s Fairland sails from the United States to the Netherlands with 236 containers on-board, in the first international container ship voyage.<ref name="A Complete History Of The Shipping Container"/> || {{w|United States}}, {{w|Netherlands}}
+
| 2012 || Watercraft type || Canadian filmmaker and deep-sea explorer {{w|James Cameron}} reaches the {{w|Challenger Deep}} solo with the {{w|Deepsea Challenger}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=James Cameron Headed to Ocean's Deepest Point Within Weeks |url=https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/03/120308-james-cameron-deepest-mariana-trench-challenger-science-sub/ |website=news.nationalgeographic.com |accessdate=11 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=James Cameron Makes First Ever Successful Solo Dive to Mariana Trench |url=http://press.nationalgeographic.com/2012/03/26/james-cameron-makes-first-ever-successful-solo-dive-to-mariana-trench-2/ |website=press.nationalgeographic.com |accessdate=11 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=James Cameron plunges solo to deepest spot in world's oceans |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2012/03/25/world/asia/mariana-trench-cameron/index.html |website=edition.cnn.com |accessdate=11 July 2018}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
| 1966 || || Around 1% of countries have container ports.<ref name="A Complete History Of The Shipping Container">{{cite web |title=A Complete History Of The Shipping Container |url=https://www.containerhomeplans.org/2015/03/a-complete-history-of-the-shipping-container/ |website=containerhomeplans.org |accessdate=20 June 2018}}</ref> ||  
+
| 2018 || Watercraft type || {{w|MS Symphony of the Seas}}, the world's largest cruise ship by {{w|gross tonnage}} at 228,021 GT, sets sail from {{w|Barcelona}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Symphony of the Seas: World's largest cruise ship sets sail |url=https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/symphony-of-the-seas-world-largest-cruise-ship/index.html |website=edition.cnn.com |accessdate=21 June 2018}}</ref> || {{w|Spain}}
 
|-
 
|-
| 1977 || || Soviet icebreaker [[w:Arktika (1972 icebreaker)|Arktika]] makes the first surface voyage to the {{w|North Pole}}.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Valsson |first1=Trausti |title=How the World Will Change with Global Warming |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=BQj2ENDFXpsC&pg=PT65&dq=%22in+1977%22+%22Arktika%22+%22north+pole%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi-le_2h-HbAhVCmJAKHQJ8AlcQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201977%22%20%22Arktika%22%20%22north%20pole%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Nuttall |first1=Mark |title=Encyclopedia of the Arctic |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Swr9BTI_2FEC&pg=PA1136&dq=%22in+1977%22+%22Arktika%22+%22north+pole%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi-le_2h-HbAhVCmJAKHQJ8AlcQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201977%22%20%22Arktika%22%20%22north%20pole%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Armstrong |first1=Terence E. |last2=Okhuizen |first2=Edwin |last3=Bulatov |first3=V. N. |last4=Nielsen |first4=Jens Petter |title=Historical and Current Uses of the Northern Sea Route: ] pt. 4. the administration of the northern sea route (1917-1991) |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=EoYRAAAAYAAJ&q=%22in+1977%22+%22Arktika%22+%22north+pole%22&dq=%22in+1977%22+%22Arktika%22+%22north+pole%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi-le_2h-HbAhVCmJAKHQJ8AlcQ6AEIQjAF}}</ref> ||
+
|}
 +
 
 +
== Numerical and visual data  ==
 +
 
 +
=== Google Scholar ===
 +
 
 +
The following table summarizes per-year mentions on Google Scholar as of December 12, 2021.
 +
 
 +
{| class="sortable wikitable"
 +
! Year
 +
! "water transport"
 
|-
 
|-
| 1983 || || 90% of countries have container ports, up from 1% in 1966.<ref name="A Complete History Of The Shipping Container"/> ||
+
| 1900 || 17
 
|-
 
|-
| 1994 || || The “Chunnel” opens, linking France and England with rail service and a tunnel for passenger cars.||
+
| 1910 || 16
 
|-
 
|-
| 2006 || || To meet increased demand for cruise ships, Freedom of the Seas is introduced and becomes the largest cruise liner ever. It has 18 decks and can carry 4,000 passengers. ||
+
| 1920 || 50
 
|-
 
|-
| 2009 || || delivery of Royal Caribbean’s “Project Genesis,” which will be 43% larger than any other cruise ship, weighing 220,000 tons and carrying 5,400 passengers.||
+
| 1930 || 34
 +
|-
 +
| 1940 || 48
 +
|-
 +
| 1950 || 102
 +
|-
 +
| 1960 || 269
 +
|-
 +
| 1970 || 662
 +
|-
 +
| 1980 || 1,380
 +
|-
 +
| 1990 || 2,150
 +
|-
 +
| 2000 || 4,620
 +
|-
 +
| 2010 || 12,700
 +
|-
 +
| 2020 || 16,800
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
 +
 +
[[File:Water transport gscho.png|thumb|center|700px]]
 +
 +
=== Google Trends ===
 +
 +
The chart below shows {{w|Google Trends}} data for Water transport (Search term), from January 2004 to April 2021, when the screenshot was taken. Interest is also ranked by country and displayed on world map.<ref>{{cite web |title=Water transport |url=https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&q=Water%20transport |website=Google Trends |access-date=28 April 2021}}</ref>
 +
 +
[[File:Water transport gt.png|thumb|center|600px]]
 +
 +
The comparative chart below shows {{w|Google Trends}} data for Suez Canal (Topic) and Panama Canal (Waterway in Panama), from January 2004 to April 2021, when the screenshot was taken. Interest is also ranked by country and displayed on world map.<ref>{{cite web |title=Suez Canal and Panama Canal |url=https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&q=%2Fm%2F0783n,%2Fm%2F066rl |website=Google Trends |access-date=28 April 2021}}</ref>
 +
 +
[[File:Suez Canal and Panama Canal gt.png|thumb|center|600px]]
 +
 +
The comparative chart below shows {{w|Google Trends}} data for Maritime transport (Topic) and Inland navigation (Topic), from January 2004 to April 2021, when the screenshot was taken. Interest is also ranked by country and displayed on world map.<ref>{{cite web |title=Maritime transport and Inland navigation |url=https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&q=%2Fg%2F1pz2tx3qt,%2Fm%2F0f57ts |website=Google Trends |access-date=28 April 2021}}</ref>
 +
 +
[[File:Maritime transport and Inland navigation gt.png|thumb|center|600px]]
 +
 +
 +
=== Google Ngram Viewer ===
 +
 +
The comparative chart below shows {{w|Google Ngram Viewer}} data for Water transport, watercraft, maritime transport, river transport and canal transport, from 1700 to 2019.<ref>{{cite web |title=Water transport, watercraft, maritime transport, river transport and canal transport |url=https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=water+transport%2Cwatercraft%2Cmaritime+transport%2Criver+transport%2Ccanal+transport&year_start=1700&year_end=2019&corpus=26&smoothing=3&direct_url=t1%3B%2Cwater%20transport%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cwatercraft%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cmaritime%20transport%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Criver%20transport%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Ccanal%20transport%3B%2Cc0#t1%3B%2Cwater%20transport%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cwatercraft%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Cmaritime%20transport%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Criver%20transport%3B%2Cc0%3B.t1%3B%2Ccanal%20transport%3B%2Cc0 |website=books.google.com |access-date=28 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
 +
 +
[[File:Water transport, watercraft, maritime transport, river transport and canal transport ngram.png|thumb|center|700px]]
  
 
==Meta information on the timeline==
 
==Meta information on the timeline==
Line 111: Line 222:
 
{{funding info}} is available.
 
{{funding info}} is available.
  
===What the timeline is still missing===
+
=== What the timeline is still missing ===
{{w|Timeline of transportation technology}}
 
[https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=ScL77rOCZn0C&pg=PA643&dq=%22in+1965%22+%22nuclear+reactor%22+%22space%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjMzt6Zta7YAhUKDJAKHYdiCbIQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201965%22%20%22nuclear%20reactor%22%20%22space%22&f=false page 625], [http://2012water.ttmasa.com/?page_id=576], [https://prezi.com/ytjqwrx1pmgh/timeline-of-water-transport/], [https://www.slideshare.net/annalyngp/evolution-of-water-transport], {{w|Maritime timeline}}
 
  
 
===Timeline update strategy===
 
===Timeline update strategy===

Latest revision as of 08:28, 31 August 2023

This is a timeline of water transport, focusing on the evolution of watercraft.

Big picture

Time period Development summary
Prehistory The earliest seaworthy boats may have been developed as early as 45,000 years ago, at the time of the first migration of humans into Australia.
Ancient history The Ancient Egyptians already have knowledge of sail construction.[1] Sails are also used in boats in Mesopotamia. The Canal of the Pharaohs and the Lighthouse of Alexandria are early pieces of infrastructure for water navigation.
17th century The first submarine is built in this century.
18th century The Industrial Revolution brings steam power to the vessels, with the first steamboats built in the late century. At around the same time, the construction of acueducts and canals accelerate in Western Europe.
19th century The first steam–powered transatlantic, the first ship to transport a cargo of oil, and the first purpose-built icebreaker are made in this century. Antarctica becomes the last continent to be discovered by means of watercraft.
20th century The first aircraft carrier is used in warfare in 1918. Nuclear-powered vessels appear in the 1950s. The container revolution in shipping begins in the late 1960s. By 1983, 90% of countries would have container ports, compared to 1% in 1966.[2]
21th century There are more than 6,000 container vessels currently in service.[3] Cruising has become an important part of the tourism industry.


Full timeline

Year Category Event Geographical location
45000 BC Notable voyage The first humans arrive in Australia, presumably by boats and land bridge.[4] Australia
6000 BC Watercraf type Egyptians already travel in reed boats.[5] Egypt
4500 BC Technology Mesopotamians add sails to their boats.[5] Irak
3500 BC Watercraft type Oar-powered ships sail Eastern Mediterranean seas.[5]
2000 BC? Infrastructure The Canal of the Pharaohs is built in Egypt.[6] Egypt
1575 BC – 1520 BC Watercraft type Dover Bronze Age Boat, the oldest known plank vessel, is built.[7][8][9] United Kingdom Dover bronze boat.jpg
542 BC Watercraft First written record of a trireme.[10]
Cross-section of a trireme
247 BC Infrastructure The Lighthouse of Alexandria is completed.[11][12][13] Egypt
214 BC Infrastructure The Lingqu Canal is built. It is the earliest canal recorded in history.[14][15][16] China
c.200 AC Watercraft type Junks are developed in China.[17] China
984 AC Infrastructure Pound locks are used in China.[18][19][20] China
c.1000 AC Leif Ericson reaches North America. This is the first recorded crossing of the Atlantic Ocean.
1088 Technology Chinese polymath Shen Kuo first describes a magnetic compass in his Dream Pool Essays.[21][22][23] China
1159 The Hanseatic League is founded in the Baltic Sea port of Lübeck as a maritime league.[24][25][26] Germany
c.1190 English scholar Alexander Neckam writes the first European description of a magnetic compass.
13th century Technology Portolan charts are introduced in the Mediterranean.[27][28][29]
1620 Watercraft type Dutch engineer Cornelis Drebbel builds the world's first submarine.[30][31][32] Netherlands
1757 Technology London astronomer John Bird makes the first sextant.[33][34][35] United Kingdom
1783 Watercraft French engineer Claude de Jouffroy constructs the first recorded steamboat.[36][37][38]
1787 Watercraft type American inventor John Fitch designs the first steamboat in the United States.[39][40][41] United States
1790 Infrastructure Canal Mania –a period of intense canal building, begins in England and Wales.[42][43][44] United Kingdom
1797 Infrastructure The Lune Aqueduct is completed.[45] United Kingdom
1799 Infrastructure The Edstone Aqueduct is completed.[45] United Kingdom
1803 Watercraft type Scottish engineer William Symington's Charlotte Dundas, generally considered to be the world's first practical steamboat, makes its first voyage.[46][47][48]
1804 Watercraft type American inventor Oliver Evans builds an early amphibious vehicle.[49][50][51] United States
1805 Infrastructure The Pontcysyllte Aqueduct is completed in Wales.[45] United Kingdom
1807 Watercraft type American engineer Robert Fulton develops its North River Steamboat, the first commercially successful steamboat.[52][53][54] United States
1807 Technology French inventor Nicéphore Niépce patents his Pyréolophore, the world's first internal combustion engine.[55][56][57] France
1819 Technology The SS Savannah makes the first transatlantic crossing by a steamship, from Savannah, Georgia to London.[58][59][60] United States, United Kingdom
1820 Notable voyage Russian officer Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen discovers mainland Antarctica.[61][62][63]
1821 Infrastructure The Avon Aqueduct is completed in Scotland.[45] United Kingdom
1859 Watercraft type The first ironclad warship, the Gloire, is launched.[64][65][66] France
1861 Watercraft type The Elizabeth Watt is generally credited for being the first ship to transport a cargo of oil across the Atlantic.[67]
1861 Watercraft type The USS Ice Boat (1861) launches as the first purpose-built icebreaker.[68][69] United States
1864 Technology Ictineo II, by Spanish engineer Narcís Monturiol, becomes the first submarine powered by an internal-combustion engine.[70][71][72] Spain
1869 Infrastructure The Suez Canal opens.[73][74][75] Egypt
1893 Infrastructure The Corinth Canal opens.[76][77][78] Greece
1895 Infrastructure The Kiel Canal opens.[79][80][81] Germany
1896 Infrastructure The Briare aqueduct opens.[45] France
1897 Watercraft type The Turbinia is launched. It is the first vessel to be powered by a steam turbine.[82][83][84] United Kingdom
1911 Watercraft type Glenn Curtiss builds an early hydroplane.[85][86][87] United States
1911 Technology The MS Selandia becomes the first important ocean-going vessel to be diesel powered.[88][89][90] Denmark
1914 Infrastructure The Panama Canal opens.[91][92][93] Panama
1915 Watercraft type Austrian naval officer Dagobert Müller von Thomamühl creates the first air cushion torpedo speedboat.[94] Austria
1918 Watercraft type The HMS Furious (47) becomes the first aircraft carrier used in warfare.[95][96][97] United Kingdom
1955 Watercraft type USS Nautilus (SSN-571) launches as the world's first nuclear-powered vessel.[98][99][100] United States
1957 Watercraft type Malcom McLean's Gateway City, the first ever ship specifically designed to carry containers, makes its first voyage from New Jersey to Miami.[3] United States
1959 Notable voyage The USS Skate (SSN-578) surfaces at the North Pole.[101][102][103]
1961 Infrastructure The Ringvaart Aqueduct is built in the Netherlands.[45] Netherlands
1966 Notable voyage Sea-Land’s Fairland sails from the United States to the Netherlands with 236 containers on-board, in the first international container ship voyage.[3] United States, Netherlands
1966 Infrastructure Around 1% of countries have container ports.[3]
1977 Notable voyage Soviet icebreaker Arktika makes the first surface voyage to the North Pole.[104][105][106]
1983 Infrastructure 90% of countries have container ports, up from 1% in 1966.[3]
1985 Watercraft type The Sea Shadow (IX-529), an early stealth ship, is launched.[107] United States
1994 Technology The Global Positioning System (GPS) becomes operational.[108][109][110]
2003 Infrastructure The Magdeburg Water Bridge opens.[45] Germany
2003 Infrastructure The Krabbersgat Naviduct opens in the Netherlands.[45] Netherlands
2006 Watercraft type MS Freedom of the Seas is introduced and becomes the largest cruise liner at the time. It can accommodate 3,634 passengers and 1,300 crew on fifteen passenger decks.[111]
2011 Cruising accounts for US$29.4 billion with over 19 million passengers carried worldwide in the year.[112]
2012 Watercraft type Canadian filmmaker and deep-sea explorer James Cameron reaches the Challenger Deep solo with the Deepsea Challenger.[113][114][115]
2018 Watercraft type MS Symphony of the Seas, the world's largest cruise ship by gross tonnage at 228,021 GT, sets sail from Barcelona.[116] Spain

Numerical and visual data

Google Scholar

The following table summarizes per-year mentions on Google Scholar as of December 12, 2021.

Year "water transport"
1900 17
1910 16
1920 50
1930 34
1940 48
1950 102
1960 269
1970 662
1980 1,380
1990 2,150
2000 4,620
2010 12,700
2020 16,800
Water transport gscho.png

Google Trends

The chart below shows Google Trends data for Water transport (Search term), from January 2004 to April 2021, when the screenshot was taken. Interest is also ranked by country and displayed on world map.[117]

Water transport gt.png

The comparative chart below shows Google Trends data for Suez Canal (Topic) and Panama Canal (Waterway in Panama), from January 2004 to April 2021, when the screenshot was taken. Interest is also ranked by country and displayed on world map.[118]

Suez Canal and Panama Canal gt.png

The comparative chart below shows Google Trends data for Maritime transport (Topic) and Inland navigation (Topic), from January 2004 to April 2021, when the screenshot was taken. Interest is also ranked by country and displayed on world map.[119]

Maritime transport and Inland navigation gt.png


Google Ngram Viewer

The comparative chart below shows Google Ngram Viewer data for Water transport, watercraft, maritime transport, river transport and canal transport, from 1700 to 2019.[120]

Water transport, watercraft, maritime transport, river transport and canal transport ngram.png

Meta information on the timeline

How the timeline was built

The initial version of the timeline was written by User:Sebastian.

Funding information for this timeline is available.

What the timeline is still missing

Timeline update strategy

See also

External links

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