Difference between revisions of "Timeline of wikis"

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* Tricki and polymath project wikis
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* Confluence (wiki software from Atlassian used for corporate wikis)
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===Timeline update strategy===
 
===Timeline update strategy===

Revision as of 01:10, 8 September 2022

This is a timeline of wikis.

Sample questions

The following are some interesting questions that can be answered by reading this timeline:

Big picture

Time period Development summary More details
1995–2002 Wiki sites First period in the history of wikis, in which the only people who could use wikis are those who can set up their own server, install the software, and get a wiki engine running.[1]
2002 – 2006 Wikis become accessible for the general population. Many different groups of people with various motivations get together to create hosted wikis, which are wiki engines that are installed and hosted on public servers, removing the administration burden associated with running one's own. However, the growth of wikis is severely limited during this period, as the only way one could use a wiki is to first set up a wiki engine on a server. This means that to use a wiki, one has to have access to a server that is available through the Internet as well as the skills to set up and run a wiki engine.[1] "From 2004 to 2006, something dramatic changed. Entrepreneurs noticed the market opportunity for providing hosted wikis (also known as wiki farms) that allowed people to create wikis without needing their own server or special skills. With a hosted wiki, anyone can get started right away. All you need to know is how to create and edit wiki pages, which is much easer than setting up a wiki engine."[1]

Full timeline

Year Month and date Event type Details
1945 In an essay in Atlantic Monthly titled As We May Think, Bush describes an imaginary future user interface: "Before him are the two items to be joined, projected onto adjacent viewing positions… The user taps a single key, and the items are permanently joined… Thereafter, at any time, when one of these items is in view, the other can be instantly recalled merely by tapping a button below the corresponding code space. Moreover, when numerous items have been thus joined together to form a trail, they can be reviewed in turn…".[2] " HyperCard in turn drew upon an idea suggested by Vannevar Bush in his 1945 Atlantic Monthly article “As We May Think.” There Bush envisioned the memex, a machine that would allow readers to annotate and create links between articles and books recorded on microfilm. HyperCard’s “stacks” implemented a version of Bush’s vision, but the program relied upon the user to create both the text and the links. For example, one might take a musical score of a symphony and annotate different sections with different cards linked together."[3]
1972 Kristo Ivanov publishes a PhD dissertation on Quality-control of information, containing a theoretical basis for what corresponds to the wiki-idea, in terms of systemic social interaction.[4]
1972 Researchers at Carnegie-Mellon University develop the ZOG multi-user database system, which is an indirect precursor of the wiki concept.
1981 Two members of the ZOG team, Donald McCracken and Robert Akscyn, spin off a company from CMU and develop an improved version of ZOG called Knowledge Management System (KMS). KMS is a collaborative tool based on direct manipulation, permitting users to modify the contents of frames, freely intermixing text, graphics and images, any of which could be linked to other frames.
1985 Xerox releases the NoteCards system.
1985 Janet Walker creates the Symbolics Document Examiner for the operation manuals of Symbolics computers.
1987 Bill Atkinson releases HyperCard. ". Of all the precursors, HyperCard is probably the most wiki-like thing that existed before wikis. HyperCard was a program created by Bill Atkinson for organizing information; when it came out in 1987, it was distributed with every Macintosh computer sold."[1]
1990 Tim Berners-Lee of CERN builds the first hypertext client, which he calls World Wide Web (it was also a Web editor), and the first hypertext server (info.cern.ch).
1991 Tim Berners-Lee posts a short summary of the World Wide Web project on the alt.hypertext newsgroup, marking the debut of the Web as a publicly available service on the Internet.
1992 May ViolaWWW is released as a graphical browser providing features such as embedded graphics, scripting, and animation.
1993 April 30 CERN makes the source code of WorldWideWeb available on a royalty-free basis, making it free software.[5]
1993 The Mosaic graphical browser is introduced, gaining wide popularity due to its strong support of integrated multimedia.
1994 Ward Cunningham starts developing the WikiWikiWeb as a supplement to the Portland Pattern Repository, a website containing documentation about software design patterns, a particular approach to object-oriented programming.[6]
1995 March 25 Cunningham's WikiWikiWeb officially starts as the first ever wiki site. It is founded as an automated supplement to the PortlandPatternRepository.[6] "On March 25, 1995, a computer programmer named Ward Cunningham premiered what he called “WikiWikiWeb” on his website, c2.com. The “wiki” part was inspired by the Wiki Wiki Shuttle service at the Honolulu airport—wiki is the Hawaiian word for “quick.” The program was meant to help share knowledge about software design patterns among developers, and worked inside a user’s browser. It also included built-in edit tracking, which implied that article changes were worth preserving and discussing."[7]
1995 May 1 Ward Cunningham sends an email about WikiWikiWeb to a number of programmers, which cause an increase in participation.[6] "“Friends,” Cunningham wrote in a May 1, 1995, email, “I've always been interested in the way programming ideas are carried by people as they move between projects … I've put together a new database to give the project [of documenting ideas about making programs work] another try. You can help.”"[7]
1995 Landmark change WikiWikiWeb introduces RecentVisitors and PeopleIndex as pages to help users know who is contributing.
1995 WikiWikiWeb introduces NotSoRecentChanges, which consists in excess lines from the RecentChanges page being (manually) copied to a file of "ChangesIn<Month>"
1996 WikiWikiWeb introduces EditCopy, which offers the possibility to edit the backup copy of a page (this would be replaced in 2002 with Page History)
1996 WikiWikiWeb introduces ThreadMode, the form of a page where community members hold a discussion, each signing their own contribution.
1996 WikiWikiWeb introduces WikiCategories, allowing the creation of categories which can be added as an automatic index to pages. The use of categories is proposed by user Stan Silver on August 27.[8] His initial post suggested: "If everyone adds a category and topic to their page, then the category and topic pages themselves can be used as automatic indexes into the pages."[9]
1997 WikiWikiWeb introduces RoadMaps, which consists in proposed lists of pages to consult about specific topics, such as the Algorithms RoadMap or the Leadership RoadMap.
1999 WikiWikiWeb introduces ChangeSummary as an aid to telling which changes added interesting new content and which were only minor.
2000 WikiWikiWeb introduces UserName, which allows a cookie that specifies a User Name to be used in place of the host name (IP identity) in the RecentChanges log.
2000 WikiWikiWeb introduces NewNotification.
2000 WikiWikiWeb introduces LikePages and VisualTour.
2000 WikiWikiWeb introduces PageDeletion.
2000 WikiWikiWeb introduces SisterSites.
2000 WikiWikiWeb introduces QuickChanges.
2001 January Wiki launch The website Wikipedia, a free content encyclopedia, is launched.
2001 Literature Ward Cunningham and user Bo Leuf publish a book, The Wiki Way, which distills the lessons learned during the collective experience of the first wiki.[10]
2001 Wiki software launch JSPWiki is created by Janne Jalkanen.[11]
2002 January Wiki software launch PmWiki is created in PHP by Patrick Michaud.[12]
2002 February 26 Wiki launch Enciclopedia Libre Universal en Español is launched as a Spanish-language wiki-based online encyclopedia.[13]
2002 Wiki software launch TikiWiki is created in PHP by Luis Argerich.[14] It would be later renamed "Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware", or simply "Tiki".
2002 December Organization Socialtext is founded.[15]
2003 July Wiki launch Wikiquote is launched.[1]
2003 July Wiki launch Wikitravel is launched.[16]
2004 February WikiWikiWeb introduces RecentPosts.[6]
2004 February Wiki software launch Trac is launched. Created by Edgewall Software, it is an open source bug tracking and project management application, with wiki functionality.[17]
2004 March Wiki software launch Confluence is launched. It is created by Atlassian.[17]
2004 July Wiki software launch DokuWiki is launched. It is an open-source application intended for small companies' documentation needs.[17]
2004 September 7 Wiki launch Wikimedia Commons is launched.[18]
2004 September Wiki launch Wikispecies is launched.
2004 September Wiki software launch FlexWiki is launched by Microsoft as an open source application.[19] Written primarily by David Ornstein, FlexWiki uses .NET technology and has an integrated scripting language called WikiTalk (based on Smalltalk). It stores content in either text files or a SQL Server database.[20] Though generally well-received, FlexWiki would fail to become popular and would be discontinued in December 2008.[17]
2004 October MinorEdits checkbox is removed.
2004 October Wiki software launch JotSpot is launched. Created by JotSpot, Inc. JotSpot would be bought by Google in 2006 for an undisclosed amount; Google would later release the technology, in modified form, as Google Sites in 2008.[17]
2004 October Wiki launch Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales and Angela Beesley, a member of the Wikimedia Foundation board, launch Wikicities.[21]
2004 November 8 Wiki launch Wikinews is launched.[22]
2004 November 23 Wiki launch Memory Alpha is launched.
2005 February 7 Wiki launch Fallout Wiki is launched.
2005 September 6 Literature Anja Ebersbach, Markus Glaser and Richard Heigl publish Wiki: Web Collaboration.[23]
2006 March Wikicities changes its name to Wikia.
2006 April Wiki software launch SamePage is created by eTouch Systems.[17]
2006 April Wiki launch Major Chinese wiki encyclopedia Baidu Baike is launched.[17]
2006 April Acquisition Internet Brands purchases the sites WikiTravel and World66.[17]
2006 June Wiki software launch Redmine is launched as an open source application similar to Trac.[17]
2006 June Literature Jane Klobas and Angela Beesley publish Books on Google Play Wikis: Tools for Information Work and Collaboration.[24]
2006 July Wiki software launch DekiWiki is launched an open source application created by MindTouch, Inc.[25] It starts as a fork of MediaWiki, but is then significantly rewritten before its release. DekiWiki would be later renamed to "Deki," then "w:MindTouch Core".
2006 Wiki launch United States Director of National Intelligence John Negroponte unveils Intellipedia, a secure, online site available only to intelligence analysts and officials with the proper clearance, and used to share information among the country’s 16 intelligence agencies.[1]
2006 August 15 Wiki launch Wikiversity is launched.[26]
2006 October Acquisition Google acquires JotSpot, a commercially developed wiki, which would be added to Google’s core offerings of mail, calendar, and shared documents sometime in 2007.[1]
2006 November Wiki launch Chinese wiki encyclopedia Hudong is launched.[17]
2006 December Wiki launch Clearspace is launched. Created by Jive Software, it would be later renamed "Jive SBS," then "Jive Engage" and then Jive.[17]
2006 December Wiki launch Sunshine Press launches the wikiLeaks.org website, as part of an international non-profit organization that obtains and publishes sensitive information.[27][28]
2006 December Wiki launch Wikivoyage is created as a non-commercial travel wiki by some former WikiTravel authors and administrators.[17]
2007 January Wiki launch Amazon.com releases Amapedia, a product-review wiki on its own website. It would be shut down in June 2010.
2007 January Project launch DBpedia is launched as a project to publish structured data from Wikipedia in machine-readable, queriable form. By 2008, it would become a major component of the Linked Data initiative.[29]
2007 February Wiki launch Penguin Books launches a wiki to create the planned novel A Million Penguins, in a well-publicized experiment at creating a crowd-generated novel. The wiki would be shut down a month later, not having created a coherent work.[30]
2007 Wiki launch ShoutWiki, a wiki farm, is founded.[31] It is an alternative to Wikia.
2007 March Concept development The word "wiki" enters the Oxford English Dictionary.[32]
2007 March Wiki launch Larry Sanger, co-founder of Wikipedia, launches Citizendium[33], an "expert-guided" encyclopedia wiki requiring participants to use their real names.
2007 October Wiki becomes a OnePileFilingSystem.
2007 December 6 Literature Mark S. Choate publishes Professional Wikis.[34]
2008 August Controversy United States presidential candidate John McCain is accused of plagiarizing Wikipedia in a speech about Georgia.
2008 November Literature Matthew Barton, Robert Cummings and Matt Barton publish Wiki Writing: Collaborative Learning in the College Classroom.[35]
2008 December Literature James A. West and Margaret L. West publish Using Wikis for Online Collaboration: The Power of the Read-Write Web.[36]
2010 May Wiki launch Google Wave is released to the general public.[37]
2010 December Wiki software launch Wiki functionality is added to the SAP NetWeaver Portal application.
2011 February Literature Dan Woods and Peter Thoeny publish Wikis For Dummies.[38]
2011 Wiki software launch A wiki application, named Phriction, is added to the open-source collaboration suite Phabricator.
2012 Wiki launch Another MediaWiki-based wiki farm, MyWikis, is launched.
2013 January 15 Wiki launch Wikimedia-hosted Wikivoyage is launched on the 12th anniversary of Wikipedia's founding.
2017 March 12 Wiki launch Timelines Wiki is launched by Issa Rice.[39] It is a wiki storing timelines on various topics.[40]

Meta information on the timeline

How the timeline was built

The initial version of the timeline was written by Sebastian.

Funding information for this timeline is available.

Feedback and comments

Feedback for the timeline can be provided at the following places:

  • FIXME

What the timeline is still missing

Timeline update strategy

See also

External links

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Woods, Dan; Thoeny, Peter (8 February 2011). Wikis For Dummies. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-05066-8. 
  2. "As We May Think - The Atlantic (July 1945)". web.archive.org. 24 February 2010. Retrieved 1 September 2022. 
  3. "wiki | Definition & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  4. "Quality-control of information". informatik.umu.se. Retrieved 1 September 2022. 
  5. "A short history of the Web". CERN. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 "Wiki History". web.archive.org. 21 June 2002. Retrieved 1 September 2022. 
  7. 7.0 7.1 "A Brief History of the Wiki—and Where It Might Be Going Next". Mental Floss. 15 January 2017. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  8. "History Of Categories". web.archive.org. 4 June 2011. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  9. "AboutCategoriesAndTopics". web.archive.org. 29 November 1996. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  10. Ward Cunningham and Bo Leuf, The Wiki Way, 2001
  11. "Janne Jalkanen". linkedin. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  12. "PmWiki Demo Site » Try PmWiki without installing it". Open Source CMS. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  13. "Enciclopedia Libre Universal en Español". Los diccionarios y las enciclopedias sobre el Académico (in español). Retrieved 8 September 2022. 
  14. Community, Tiki. "Tiki turns one!!!". Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware :: Community. Retrieved 8 September 2022. 
  15. "Socialtext - Crunchbase Company Profile & Funding". Crunchbase. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  16. "Wikitravel:About - Wikitravel". wikitravel.org. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  17. 17.00 17.01 17.02 17.03 17.04 17.05 17.06 17.07 17.08 17.09 17.10 17.11 "History Of Wikis". wiki.c2.com. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  18. "Commons:Welcome - Wikimedia Commons". commons.wikimedia.org. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  19. "FlexWiki: Microsofts Third Open Software Project", eWeek, September 28, 2004, retrieved 2 September 2022 
  20. "A working wiki | Enterprise | Real World Computing | PC Pro". web.archive.org. 15 January 2010. Retrieved 2 September 2022. 
  21. "100 Wikicities: Wikipedia Founder Launches Commercial Enterprise; 100 Open Editing Communities So Far". PRWeb. Retrieved 8 September 2022. 
  22. "User:Sj/WN at 5". Wikinews. 8 November 2009. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  23. Ebersbach, Anja; Glaser, Markus; Heigl, Richard (6 September 2005). Wiki: Web Collaboration. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. ISBN 978-3-540-25995-4. 
  24. Klobas, Jane; Beesley, Angela (30 June 2006). Wikis: Tools for Information Work and Collaboration. Elsevier Science. ISBN 978-1-84334-179-6. 
  25. "MindTouch Core and Platform: 'This is the End, Beautiful Friend' | MindTouch". web.archive.org. 8 August 2013. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  26. "Wikiversity:Reports/es - Wikiversity". beta.wikiversity.org. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  27. "A History of WikiLeaks". medium.com. Retrieved 2 September 2022. 
  28. "WikiLeaks". britannica.com. Retrieved 2 September 2022. 
  29. "Transcript: Sir Tim Berners-Lee Talks with Talis about the Semantic Web". talis-podcasts.s3.amazonaws.com. Retrieved 2 September 2022. 
  30. "Wayback Machine" (PDF). web.archive.org. 5 December 2014. Retrieved 2 September 2022. 
  31. "ShoutWiki Hub:About - ShoutWiki Hub". www.shoutwiki.com. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  32. Haines, Lester. "Wiki elevated to Oxford English Dictionary". www.theregister.com. Retrieved 2 September 2022. 
  33. "Larry Sanger - Chief Information Officer @ Distributed Machines - Crunchbase Person Profile". Crunchbase. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  34. Choate, Mark S. (24 March 2008). Professional Wikis. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-470-28199-4. 
  35. Barton, Matthew; Cummings, Robert; Barton, Matt (25 November 2008). Wiki Writing: Collaborative Learning in the College Classroom. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-11671-3. 
  36. West, James A.; West, Margaret L. (23 December 2008). Using Wikis for Online Collaboration: The Power of the Read-Write Web. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-47221-7. 
  37. Catacchio, Chad (28 May 2010). "Google Wave is 1 year old today, but will anybody show up to the party?". TNW | Google. Retrieved 8 September 2022. 
  38. Woods, Dan; Thoeny, Peter (8 February 2011). Wikis For Dummies. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-05066-8. 
  39. "Revision history of "Main Page" - Timelines". timelines.issarice.com. Retrieved 7 September 2022. 
  40. "Timelines". timelines.issarice.com. Retrieved 7 September 2022.