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| 1973 || || {{w|Illusion of validity}} || The {{w|illusion of validity}} bias is first described by {{w|Amos Tversky}} and {{w|Daniel Kahneman}} in their paper.<ref>{{cite web |title=Why are we overconfident in our predictions? |url=https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/illusion-of-validity/ |website=thedecisionlab.com |accessdate=10 April 2020}}</ref> || The {{w|illusion of validity}} occurs when an individual overestimates their ability to predict an outcome when analyzing a set of data - especially when the data appears to have a consistent pattern or appears to 'tell a story".<ref>{{cite web |title=Illusion Of Validity |url=https://www.alleydog.com/glossary/definition.php?term=Illusion+Of+Validity |website=alleydog.com |accessdate=7 May 2020}}</ref>
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| 1974 || Memory bias || {{w|False memory}} || {{w|Elizabeth Loftus}} and John Palmer conduct a study to investigate the effects of language on the development of {{w|false memory}}.<ref name="Loftus1">{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/s0022-5371(74)80011-3 |title=Reconstruction of automobile destruction: An example of the interaction between language and memory |journal=Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=585–589 |year=1974 |last1=Loftus |first1=Elizabeth F. |last2=Palmer |first2=John C. }}</ref> ||
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| 1974 || || || " One of the common heuristics used when making judgements is the anchoring and adjustment heuristic, first described in 1974 (Tversky and Kahneman, 1974). In this heuristic, when people estimate an unknown quantity (say, the length of the average American commute) they begin with an ‘anchor’ of information they do know (say, their own commute) and adjust until an acceptable value is reached. This anchor could be based on information given to a person (such as the advertised price of new car before bargaining) or it could be drawn from personal experience (the price a friend paid for a new car)."<ref name="One of the common">{{cite journal |last1=Ralph |first1=Kelcie |last2=Delbosc |first2=Alexa |title=I’m multimodal, aren’t you? How ego-centric anchoring biases experts’ perceptions of travel patterns |doi=10.1016/j.tra.2017.04.027 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965856417301751}}</ref> ||
