Difference between revisions of "Timeline of nonprofit evaluation"

{{Attribute English Wikipedia|original-exists=yes}}  

This is a '''timeline of nonprofit evaluation''', in particular [[wikipedia:Charity evaluator|charity evaluation]].

| 1869–1930s || Scientific philanthropy (or scientific charity) begins. This movement is influenced by [[wikipedia:Social Darwinism|Social Darwinism]] in trying to exclude certain groups from receiving support, but is also focused on record-keeping and self-evaluation.<ref name=Stuhler/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://bostonreview.net/forum/logic-effective-altruism/emma-saunders-hastings-response-effective-altruism |author=Emma Saunders-Hastings |date=July 1, 2015 |title=The Logic of Effective Altruism |publisher=Boston Review |accessdate=July 17, 2016}}</ref>

| 1992–present || Starting with [[wikipedia:CharityWatch|CharityWatch]], this period sees the emergence of many charity watchdog organizations.

| late 2000s || [[wikipedia:Effective altruism|Effective altruism]] emerges as a movement with its current name, introducing new charity evaluation organizations and methodologies.<ref name="eight-billion-dollars">{{cite web|last1=Matthews|first1=Dylan|title=You have $8 billion. You want to do as much good as possible. What do you do?|url=http://www.vox.com/2015/4/24/8457895/givewell-open-philanthropy-charity|website=Vox|accessdate=12 March 2017|date=24 April 2015}}</ref>

| 1869 || Self-evaluation || [[wikipedia:Charity Organization Societies|Charity Organization Societies]] (COS) begin in England. In the US, the COS keeps centralized records and learn from each other, and is part of the [[wikipedia:Scientific Charity Movement|Scientific Charity Movement]]. The COS is dominant in private charity until the 1930s.<ref name="Stuhler">{{cite web |url=http://www.socialwelfarehistory.com/programs/mental-health/scientific-charity-movement-charity-organization-societies/ |title=Scientific Charity Movement and Charity Organization Societies |first=Linda S. |last=Stuhler |accessdate=April 29, 2016}}</ref>|| [[wikipedia:England|England]], [[wikipedia:Germany|Germany]], [[wikipedia:United States|United States]]

| 1941 || Government regulation || [[wikipedia:Form 990|Form 990]] is first used.<ref name="eotopicg02">{{cite web |url=https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-tege/eotopicg02.pdf |title=G. Form 990 |accessdate=January 29, 2016 |date=2002 |authors=Cheryl Chasin, Debra Kawecki and David Jones |publisher=Internal Revenue Service |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702072044/http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-tege/eotopicg02.pdf |archivedate=July 2, 2015}}</ref> Form 990 is an [[wikipedia:IRS tax forms|Internal Revenue Service form]] that provides the public with financial information about a nonprofit organization and is sometimes [[wikipedia:Form 990#Use by charity evaluation organizations|used by charity evaluation organizations]]. || United States

| 1956 || Resource || [[wikipedia:Foundation Center|Foundation Center]] is founded.<ref name=fdncenter-about>{{cite web |url=http://foundationcenter.org/about/ |accessdate=April 27, 2016 |publisher=Foundation Center |title=About Foundation Center}}</ref> Among other activities, the Foundation Center provides databases with detailed information about nonprofits.<ref name=fdncenter-about/><ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.nytimes.com/1982/04/11/nyregion/information-center-aids-people-seeking-grants.html|title = INFORMATION CENTER AIDS PEOPLE SEEKING GRANTS|last = Teltsch|first = Kathleen|date = April 11, 1982|accessdate = June 26, 2016|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:New York Times|New York Times]]''}}</ref> It is often cited in news reports on the state of foundation giving.<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2000/03/29/us/foundation-giving-is-at-23-billion-high.html|title = Foundation Giving Is at $23 Billion High|last = Abelson|first = Reed|date = March 29, 2000|accessdate = June 26, 2016|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:New York Times|New York Times]]''}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/31/us/31charity.html|title = Foundation Giving in ’08 Defied Huge Asset Decline|last = Strom|first = Stephanie|date = March 30, 2009|accessdate = June 26, 2016|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:New York Times|New York Times]]''|authorlink = wikipedia:Stephanie Strom}}</ref> || United States

| 1966 || Foundation measuring nonprofit grantees || The [[wikipedia:Hewlett Foundation|Hewlett Foundation]] is established.<ref name=hewlett-family-history>{{cite web|url = http://www.hewlett.org/about-us/hewlett-family-history|title = William and Flora Hewlett and the Hewlett Foundation|publisher = [[wikipedia:Hewlett Foundation|Hewlett Foundation]]|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref> In the coming years, the Hewlett Foundation would focus on "outcome-focused grantmaking"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hewlett.org/uploads/files/Doing_Good_Today_and_Better_Tomorrow.pdf |title=Doing good today and better tomorrow |publisher=The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation Environment Program}}</ref> and start the [[wikipedia:Nonprofit Marketplace Initiative|Nonprofit Marketplace Initiative]], a funder of many charity evaluation organizations. ||

| 1982 || Resource || The [[wikipedia:National Center for Charitable Statistics|National Center for Charitable Statistics]] (NCCS) launches. In 1986, NCCS would become a project of the Center on Nonprofits and Philanthropy at the [[wikipedia:Urban Institute|Urban Institute]].<ref name=nccs-about>{{cite web|url = http://www.nccs.urban.org/about/index.cfm|title = About NCCS|publisher = [[wikipedia:National Center for Charitable Statistics|National Center for Charitable Statistics]]|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref> NCCS is most famous for developing the [[wikipedia:National Taxonomy of Exempt Entities|National Taxonomy of Exempt Entities]] (NTEE). NTEE codes are used both by the IRS<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.irs.gov/instructions/i1023ez/|title = Instructions for Form 1023-EZ (08/2015). Streamlined Application for Recognition of Exemption Under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code|accessdate = June 26, 2016|publisher = [[wikipedia:Internal Revenue Service|Internal Revenue Service]]}}</ref> and by other resources and charity evaluators such as [[wikipedia:GuideStar|GuideStar]]<ref name=guidestar-ntee>{{cite web|url = https://learn.guidestar.org/help/ntee-codes|title = National Taxonomy of Exempt Entities (NTEE) Classification System|publisher = [[wikipedia:GuideStar|GuideStar]]|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref> and [[wikipedia:Charity Navigator|Charity Navigator]].<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm?bay=search.irs&ein=131818723|title = Charity Navigator rating for the Anti-Defamation League|accessdate = June 26, 2016|publisher = [[wikipedia:Charity Navigator|Charity Navigator]]}} (note that the description of the charity includes a NTEE code, classification, and type)</ref> || United States

| 1987 || Publication || ''[[wikipedia:The NonProfit Times|The NonProfit Times]]'', a newspaper covering the nonprofit sector, is launched.<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/20/giving/moving-beyond-the-four-horsemen-of-the-philanthropy-beat.html?pagewanted=all|title = Moving Beyond the Four Horsemen of the Philanthropy Beat|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:New York Times|New York Times]]''|date = November 20, 2000|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.nytimes.com/1989/12/02/style/consumer-s-world-seeking-charities-that-actually-help.html|title = CONSUMER'S WORLD; Seeking Charities That Actually Help|date = December 2, 1989|accessdate = June 26, 2016|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:New York Times|New York Times]]''|last = Meier|first = Barry}}</ref> || United States ([[wikipedia:New Jersey|New Jersey]], but covers the whole country)

| 1988 || Publication || ''[[wikipedia:The Chronicle of Philanthropy|The Chronicle of Philanthropy]]'' is founded.<ref name=chronicle-nyt>{{cite web|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/10/business/media/10philanthropy.html|title = Who's the Most Charitable of Us All? Celebrities Don't Always Make the Cut|last = Doty|first = Cate|date = September 10, 2007|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:New York Times|New York Times]]''}}</ref> ''The Chronicle of Philanthropy'' is a newspaper that covers the nonprofit world and is aimed at charity leaders, foundation executives, fund raisers, and other people involved in philanthropy.<ref name=chronicle-nyt/> ||

| 1992 || [[wikipedia:Charity watchdog|Charity watchdog]] || CharityWatch is founded as [[wikipedia:American Institute of Philanthropy|American Institute of Philanthropy]].<ref name=doublethedonation>{{cite web|url = https://doublethedonation.com/blog/2013/12/american-institute-of-philanthropy-charity-watch/|title = American Institute of Philanthropy, CharityWatch|date = December 21, 2013|publisher = Double the Donation}}</ref> CharityWatch provides information about charities' financial efficiency, accountability, governance, and fundraising.<ref name=seattletimes-watchdogs>{{cite web|url = http://www.seattletimes.com/life/lifestyle/watchdogging-the-charity-watchdogs/|title = Watchdogging the charity watchdogs|date = December 29, 2011|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:Seattle Times|Seattle Times]]''|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref>  || United States

| 1994 || Charity watchdog || [[wikipedia:GuideStar|GuideStar]], an information service specializing in reporting on US nonprofit companies, launches as Philanthropic Research, Inc. with a staff of five: founder Buzz Schmidt and four employees.<ref name=seattletimes-watchdogs/><ref name=guidestar-history>{{cite web|url = http://learn.guidestar.org/about-us/history|title = GuideStar History|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref>|| United States

| 1999 || Consulting || [[wikipedia:McKinsey & Company|McKinsey & Company]] creates a separate non-profit practice focused on global public health, foundations, and international aid and development. In general, it charges half its regular fee for such work. The [[wikipedia:Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation|Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]], which would formally be founded in 2000, is one of its first clients.<ref name=bridgespan-economist-2006/> || United States

| 2000 || Consulting || The [[wikipedia:Bridgespan Group|Bridgespan Group]] is founded by [[wikipedia:Thomas Tierney|Thomas Tierney]], former Managing Director of [[wikipedia:Bain & Company|Bain & Company]].<ref name="bridgespan-economist-2006">{{Citation | url =http://www.economist.com/node/5517712 | title =Virtue's intermediaries |journal=[[wikipedia:The Economist|The Economist]] | date =February 23, 2006 | accessdate = August 21, 2013}}</ref><ref name="bridgespan-nytimes-2008">{{Citation | url =https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/11/giving/11BRIDGE.html?_r=0 | title =Want a Business Plan? Log on for Free Advice |newspaper=[[wikipedia:The New York Times|The New York Times]] | date =November 10, 2008 | accessdate =August 21, 2013 }}</ref> Its goal is to provide [[wikipedia:management consulting|management consulting]] to nonprofits and philanthropists.<ref name=bridgespan-economist-2006/><ref name=bridgespan-nytimes-2008/><ref name=stanford-nonprofit-consulting-list>{{cite web|url = http://web.stanford.edu/group/nonprofitsource/Nonprofit_resources/Nonprofit_Consulting.html|title = Nonprofit Consulting/Philanthropic Advising Firms|publisher = [[wikipedia:Stanford University|Stanford University]]|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref> Bridgespan differs from McKinsey in its initial focus: it is targeting mid-sized nonprofits rather than large ones.<ref name=bridgespan-economist-2006/> || United States (Boston)

| 2000 || Consulting || [[wikipedia:Faunalytics|Faunalytics]], a nonprofit organization that conducts opinion polls, audience surveys, focus groups, and other types of research for animal advocates. Faunalytics helps nonprofits conduct direct impact measurement and evaluation of programs.<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.faunalytics.org/|title = Che Green|publisher = [[wikipedia:Faunalytics|Faunalytics]]|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref>

| 2000 || Consulting || FSG is founded as Foundation Strategy Group by Michael Porter with Mark Kramer. FSG provides consulting to nonprofits to increase impact, and has introduced concepts such as [[wikipedia:catalytic philanthropy|catalytic philanthropy]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fsg.org/our-story |title=Our Story |accessdate=April 27, 2016 |publisher=FSG}}</ref> FSG has also published documents such as ''Breakthroughs in Shared Measurement and Social Impact'', which explores how to evaluate outcomes in organizations.<ref name=stanford-nonprofit-consulting-list/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://foundationcenter.org/getstarted/topical/eval.html |title=Evaluation for Nonprofit Organizations |accessdate=April 27, 2016 |publisher=Foundation Center}}</ref> || United States (Boston)

| 2000 || Charity watchdog || [[wikipedia:Ministry Watch|Ministry Watch]], an [[wikipedia:evangelicalism|evangelical]] [[wikipedia:Christian|Christian]] organization that reviews Protestant ministries for financial accountability and transparency, is founded. ||

| 2001 || Charity watchdog || [[wikipedia:BBB Wise Giving Alliance|BBB Wise Giving Alliance]] adopts its current name.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/personalfinance/2012/12/27/better-business-bureau-charity-ratings-donations/1636957/ |title=BBB's charity ratings, seal of approval under fire |first=Jayne |last=O'Donnell |date=December 27, 2012 |accessdate=April 25, 2016}}</ref> The BBB Wise Giving Alliance publishes a set of standards of accountability for charitable organizations and evaluations of national charities against those standards. || United States

| 2001 || Charity watchdog || [[wikipedia:Charity Navigator|Charity Navigator]] is launched by Pat and Marion Dugan.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm?bay=content.view&cpid=1535|title = Video: The History of Charity Navigator|publisher = [[wikipedia:Charity Navigator|Charity Navigator]]|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref> Charity Navigator is an [[wikipedia:United States|American]] independent [[wikipedia:charity watchdog|charity watchdog]] organization that evaluates [[wikipedia:charitable organization|charitable organization]]s in the [[wikipedia:United States|United States]].<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/27/business/27charity.html|title = To Help Donors Choose, Web Site Alters How It Sizes Up Charities|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:New York Times|New York Times]]''|last = Strom|first = Stephanie|authorlink = wikipedia:Stephanie Strom|date = November 27, 2010|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref> || United States

| 2001 || Consulting || [[wikipedia:The Center for Effective Philanthropy|The Center for Effective Philanthropy]], a nonprofit organization focused on the development of comparative data to enable higher-performing philanthropic funders, is founded. Phil Buchanan is its chief executive at the time of founding.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.effectivephilanthropy.org/about/people/phil-buchanan/|title = Phil Buchanan|publisher = [[wikipedia:The Center for Effective Philanthropy|The Center for Effective Philanthropy]]|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/23/us/charities-surprise-donor-foundations-with-bluntness.html|title = Charities Surprise Donor Foundations With Bluntness|last = Strom|first = Stephanie|date = April 23, 2004|accessdate = June 26, 2016|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:New York Times|New York Times]]''|authorlink = wikipedia:Stephanie Strom}}</ref> || United States ([[wikipedia:Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge, Massachusetts]])

| 2002 || Charity watchdog || [[wikipedia:New Philanthropy Capital|New Philanthropy Capital]] launches, founded by [[wikipedia:Goldman Sachs|Goldman Sachs]] partners [[wikipedia:Gavyn Davies|Gavyn Davies]] and Peter Wheeler.<ref name=npc-history>{{cite web|url = http://www.thinknpc.org/about-npc/our-history/|title = Our history|accessdate = June 26, 2016|publisher = [[wikipedia:New Philanthropy Capital|New Philanthropy Capital]]}}</ref> New Philanthropy Capital is a charitable organisation that tries to direct more funding to effective charities and help donors make more informed decisions on how to give.<ref name=bridgespan-economist-2006/><ref name=npc-guardian>{{cite web|url = https://www.theguardian.com/society/2007/aug/01/childrensservices.comment|title = Full stop missing on child abuse|last = Butler|first = Patrick|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:The Guardian|The Guardian]]''|date = August 1, 2007|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref> || United Kingdom (London)

| 2003 || Publication || First issue of the ''[[wikipedia:Stanford Social Innovation Review|Stanford Social Innovation Review]]'', a magazine-cum-website about [[wikipedia:social innovation|social innovation]], is published.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://ssir.org/issue/spring_2003|title = Spring 2003 Issue|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:Stanford Social Innovation Review|Stanford Social Innovation Review]]''|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref> || United States

| 2003 || Consulting || The [[wikipedia:Redstone Strategy Group|Redstone Strategy Group]], a company that helps nonprofits by conducting analysis, is founded.<ref>{{cite web |title=Redstone Strategy Group Llc |publisher=Bloomberg |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profiles/companies/0082074D:US-redstone-strategy-group-llc}}</ref> || United States

| 2005 || Charity watchdog || [[wikipedia:Intelligent Giving|Intelligent Giving]] launches. Intelligent Giving is a charity evaluator advising donors on how to make the most satisfactory use of their money. It employs a casual, witty style on their website. Intelligent Giving would stop operating in 2009.<ref name=Spectator>{{cite web | url=http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/16th-february-2008/44/how-to-give | title = How to Give| publisher= The Spectator | accessdate=24 July 2014}}</ref> (Note: 2005 is the earliest mention of the organization; the founding date is unclear.) || United Kingdom (London)

| 2006 || Charity watchdog || [[wikipedia:Nonprofit Marketplace Initiative|Nonprofit Marketplace Initiative]] launches. Nonprofit Marketplace Initiative is an initiative of the Effective Philanthropy Group of the [[wikipedia:Hewlett Foundation|Hewlett Foundation]] that tries to have more individual philanthropic donations be based on information about a nonprofit's performance.<ref name=guidestar>{{cite web|url = http://trust.guidestar.org/2014/08/05/holden-karnofsky/|title = Dialogue about the Hewlett Foundation’s Nonprofit Marketplace Initiative|last = Harold|first = Jacob|date = August 5, 2014|accessdate = December 6, 2015}}</ref><ref name=givewell>{{cite web|url = http://blog.givewell.org/2014/08/05/thoughts-on-the-end-of-hewletts-nonprofit-marketplace-initiative/|title = Thoughts on the End of Hewlett’s Nonprofit Marketplace Initiative|last = Karnofsky|first = Holden|date = August 5, 2014|accessdate = December 5, 2015|publisher = [[wikipedia:GiveWell|GiveWell]]}}</ref><ref name=chronicle>{{cite web|url = https://philanthropy.com/article/Philanthropy-s-Results/153331|title = Hewlett Ends Effort to Get Donors to Make Dispassionate Choices on Giving|date = April 3, 2014|accessdate = December 5, 2015|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:Chronicle of Philanthropy|Chronicle of Philanthropy]]''}}</ref><ref name=hewlett-closure>{{cite web|url = http://www.hewlett.org/blog/posts/follow-our-decision-end-nonprofit-marketplace-initiative|title = Follow-up on Our Decision to End the Nonprofit Marketplace Initiative|last = Twersky|first = Fay|date = April 4, 2014|accessdate = December 5, 2015|publisher = [[wikipedia:Hewlett Foundation|Hewlett Foundation]]}}</ref>  It has also funded GiveWell.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blog.givewell.org/2014/08/05/thoughts-on-the-end-of-hewletts-nonprofit-marketplace-initiative/ |title=Thoughts on the End of Hewlett’s Nonprofit Marketplace Initiative |first=Holden |last=Karnofsky |date=August 5, 2014}}</ref> The Nonprofit Marketplace Initiative would close in April 2014. ||

| 2006 || Resource || [[wikipedia:Center for High Impact Philanthropy|Center for High Impact Philanthropy]] is established at the [[wikipedia:University of Pennsylvania|University of Pennsylvania]]. The Center focuses on high impact philanthropy, both in the US and internationally and puts out studies, papers, and briefings on how to maximize the impact of one's philanthropy.<ref name=chip-about>{{cite web|url=http://www.impact.upenn.edu/about/|title = About|publisher = Center for High Impact Philanthropy|accessdate = 2012-12-05}}</ref> || United States

| Late 2000s, continuing into 2010s || Social movement || [[wikipedia:Effective altruism|Effective altruism]], a philosophy and social movement that attempts to apply evidence and reason to ethical decision-making, begins to emerge as a movement. Note that the term "effective altruism" would be coined only in the 2010s.<ref name=tmgycd>{{cite web|url=http://www.thelifeyoucansave.org/Blog/ID/170/The-Most-Good-You-Can-Do|title = The Most Good You Can Do|last = Singer|first = Peter|authorlink = wikipedia:Peter Singer|date = April 1, 2015|accessdate = April 11, 2015|publisher = ''The Life You Can Save''}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/16/upshot/effective-altruism-where-charity-and-rationality-meet.html|title = Effective Altruism: Where Charity and Rationality Meet|last = Cowen|first = Tyler|date = August 16, 2015|accessdate = June 26, 2016|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:New York Times|New York Times]]''|authorlink = wikipedia:Tyler Cowen}}</ref> || Global, but concentrated initially in the United States, [[wikipedia:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]], and Australia

| 2006 || Charity watchdog || [[wikipedia:Charity Intelligence Canada|Charity Intelligence Canada]] is conceived.<ref name=cica-about>{{cite web|url = https://www.charityintelligence.ca/about-us|title = Our Story|publisher = [[wikipedia:Charity Intelligence Canada|Charity Intelligence Canada]]|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref> Its first audited financial statement is for the year from July 1, 2007 to June 30, 2008, so some sources put the founding date as 2007 or 2008.<ref name=caci-financials>{{cite web|url = https://www.charityintelligence.ca/about-ci/annual-reportsfinancials|title = Audited Financial Statements|publisher = [[wikipedia:Charity Intelligence Canada|Charity Intelligence Canada]]|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref><ref name=caci-star>{{cite web|url = https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2011/11/15/who_is_charity_intelligence_canada.html|title = Who is Charity Intelligence Canada? Registered charity helps people decide where to donate their money.|date = November 15, 2011|accessdate = June 26, 2016|publisher = ''The Star''}}</ref> In 2012, Charity Intelligence Canada temporarily loses its own registered charity status in 2011 due to failure to file financial reports.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/tables-turned-on-charity-intelligence-as-charitable-status-revoked/article4564354/|title = Tables turned on Charity Intelligence as charitable status revoked|last = Waldie|first = Paul|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:The Globe and Mail|The Globe and Mail]]''|date = September 24, 2012|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref> Its recommendations and ratings are cited in Canadian publications in discussions of where to donate.<ref name=caci-cbc>{{cite web|url = http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/charity-intelligence-names-top-10-organizations-on-social-return-on-investment-1.3303600|title = Charity Intelligence names top 10 organizations on social return on investment. Charities in Canada, the E.U. and the U.S. produce 2 dollars of return for every dollar donated, on average|publisher = [[wikipedia:CBC News|CBC News]]|date = November 4, 2015|accessdate = June 26, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://business.financialpost.com/news/charities-of-the-year-how-the-financial-post-chose-from-86000-registered-canadian-organizations|title = Charities of the Year: How the Financial Post chose from 86,000 registered Canadian organizations|last = Brownell|first = Claire|date = December 12, 2014|accessdate = June 26, 2016|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:Financial Post|Financial Post]]''}}</ref> || [[wikipedia:Canada|Canada]]

| 2007 || Charity watchdog || [[wikipedia:GreatNonprofits|GreatNonprofits]] is founded. GreatNonprofits provides reviews and ratings of US nonprofit organizations.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.about.greatnonprofits.org/ |title=The Story of GreatNonprofits |publisher=GreatNonprofits |accessdate=April 27, 2016}}</ref> || United States

| 2007 || Charity watchdog || [[wikipedia:GiveWell|GiveWell]] launches, founded by former [[wikipedia:Bridgewater Associates|Bridgewater Associates]] hedge fund analysts [[wikipedia:Holden Karnofsky|Holden Karnofsky]] and Elie Hassenfeld.<ref name=our-story>{{cite web|url=http://givewell.org/about/story|title = Our Story|publisher = GiveWell|accessdate = 2012-08-16}}</ref> GiveWell is a [[wikipedia:non-profit organization|non-profit]] [[wikipedia:charity evaluator|charity evaluator]] and [[wikipedia:effective altruism|effective altruism]]-focused organization that focuses primarily on the [[wikipedia:cost-effectiveness|cost-effectiveness]] of the organizations that it evaluates, rather than traditional metrics such as the percentage of the organization's budget that is spent on [[wikipedia:overhead (business)|overhead]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/20/us/20charity.html |title=2 Young Hedge-Fund Veterans Stir Up the World of Philanthropy |publisher=''[[wikipedia:The New York Times|The New York Times]]'' |date=December 20, 2007 |author=Stephanie Strom}}</ref> In the coming years, GiveWell's top recommendations would be cited by many publications discussing where to donate money.<ref name=ace-givewell-vox/><ref name="lieber_making_sure">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/26/your-money/giving-away-money-and-making-sure-its-put-to-work.html |title=Donating, and Making Sure the Money Is Put to Work |author=Ron Lieber |date=April 25, 2014 |accessdate=June 17, 2016 |publisher=''[[wikipedia:The New York Times|The New York Times]]''}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/linch-zhang/how-can-you-do-the-most-g_b_10597442.html |author=Linch Zhang |date=June 21, 2016 |title=How Can You do the Most Good with Your Charitable Giving? This Expert's Answers Might Surprise You |publisher=''[[wikipedia:The Huffington Post|The Huffington Post]]'' |accessdate=June 21, 2016}}</ref>|| United States, but evaluating charities globally. Initially based in [[wikipedia:New York City|New York City]], later moved to [[wikipedia:San Francisco|San Francisco]]

| 2008 || Charity watchdog || [[wikipedia:Philanthropedia|Philanthropedia]] launches as the Nonprofit Knowledge Network. Philanthropedia is an expert [[wikipedia:crowdsourcing|crowdsourcing]] resource for funders and others to learn about high-impact nonprofit organizations.<ref>{{cite web|last=Cuberta|first=Phil|title=Dam Busting to Get a Flood of Giving Now|url=http://www.gifthub.org/2009/11/dam-busting-to-get-a-flood-of-giving-now.html|work=50 Shades of Grey in Philanthropy|publisher=Gift Hub|accessdate=21 December 2012}}</ref> In 2011 it would become a division of GuideStar.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.myphilanthropedia.org/blog/2011/03/17/exciting-announcement-guidestar-acquires-philanthropedia/|title = Exciting Announcement: GuideStar Acquires Philanthropedia|date = March 17, 2011|author = Deyan|accessdate = June 26, 2016|publisher = My Philanthropedia}}</ref> ||

| 2008 || Resource || The [[wikipedia:International Aid Transparency Initiative|International Aid Transparency Initiative]] (IATI) launches in September at the [[wikipedia:Aid effectiveness#Third High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness, Accra, September 2008|Third High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness]] held in [[wikipedia:Accra, Ghana|Accra, Ghana]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aidtransparency.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Paper-2A-Evaluation-Report-1-IATI-as-a-Political-Initiative1.pdf |title=Evaluation of the International Aid Transparency Initiative IATI: "Evaluation of IATI as a Political Initiative": Final Report |first1=Ian C. |last1=Davies |first2=Julia | last2=Brümmer |first3=Sara |last3=Vaca |first4=Lauren |last4=Weiss |date=October 2015 |accessdate=September 11, 2016}}</ref>{{rp|3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blog.transparency.org/2013/01/17/my-ceo-will-tear-off-my-head-if-i-suggest-to-him-that-we-implement-iati/ |title=“My CEO will tear off my head, if I suggest to him that we implement IATI.” |publisher=Space for Transparency |accessdate=September 9, 2016 |date=January 17, 2013 |author=Claudia Schwegmann}}</ref> The IATI provides a standard [[wikipedia:XML schema|XML schema]] which organizations can use to report their activities. The IATI also provides a registry that tracks the aid information of 473 organizations {{as of|2016|09|lc=y}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://iatiregistry.org/ |title=Welcome - IATI Registry |accessdate=September 6, 2016}}</ref> ||

| 2010 || Charity watchdog || [[wikipedia:Jumo|Jumo]] is launched by [[wikipedia:Facebook|Facebook]] co-founder [[wikipedia:Chris Hughes|Chris Hughes]].<ref name=NYT>{{cite news |accessdate=2010-12-01 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/30/technology/30jumo.html |title=2010 A Facebook Founder Begins a Social Network Focused on Charities |date=2010-11-30 |author=Jenna Wortham |work=The New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |accessdate=2010-12-23 |url=http://mashable.com/2010/11/30/facebook-co-founder-launches-social-network-for-social-good-jumo-image/ |title=Facebook Co-Founder Launches Social Network for Social Good, Jumo |date=2010-12-01 |author=Brenna Ehrlich}}</ref> Jumo is a [[wikipedia:social networking service|social networking service]] and website that indexes charities so people can find and evaluate them. Jumo would merge with [[wikipedia:Good Worldwide|GOOD]] in August 2011.<ref>Chris Hughes, [http://blog.jumo.com/post/9037560404/jumo-and-good-combine-forces-to-create-content-and Jumo and GOOD Combine Forces to Create Content and Social Engagement Platform], Jumo blog, August 17, 2011</ref> || United States ([[wikipedia:Palo Alto|Palo Alto]], California)

| 2010–2011 || Charity watchdog || In July 2010, Charity Navigator (CN) announces its first major revamp.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm?bay=content.view&cpid=1107 |title=Charity Navigator Expands Rating Methodology |author=Ken Berger |date=July 1, 2010 |work= |publisher=Charitiy Navigator |accessdate=15 September 2010}}</ref> This revamping begins what the organization states is the process to move toward CN 3.0, which is a three-dimensional rating system that will include what they consider the critical elements to consider in making a wise charitable investment – (1) financial health (Charity Navigator evaluated this from its inception), (2) accountability and transparency (begun in July 2010) and (3) results reporting (slated to begin rating this dimension in July 2012).<ref name=where>{{cite news|last=|first=|title=Where We Are Headed (2013 and Beyond) |url=http://www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm?bay=content.view&cpid=1193|accessdate=6 July 2015|newspaper=charitynavigator.org|date=}}</ref> After collecting data for more than a year, in September 2011 Charity Navigator launches CN 2.0, which is a two-dimensional rating system that rates a charity's (1) financial health and (2) accountability and transparency.<ref>{{cite web|last=Berger |first=Ken |url=http://www.kenscommentary.org/2011/09/cn-20-more-knowledge-more-good.html |title=Ken's Commentary: CN 2.0: More Knowledge, More Good |publisher=Kenscommentary.org |date=2011-09-20 |accessdate=2012-01-05}}</ref>

| 2011 || Charity controversy || The [[wikipedia:Central Asia Institute|Central Asia Institute]] undergoes controversy for allegations of poor financial conduct, raising questions about the ratings previously assigned to it by charity evaluators.<ref name="Schimmelpfennig">{{cite web|last1=Schimmelpfennig|first1=Saundra|title=Donors Need a Better Way to Rate Charities|url=https://www.philanthropy.com/article/Donors-Need-a-Better-Way-to/227837|website=The Chronicle of Philanthropy|publisher=The Chronicle of Philanthropy|accessdate=12 March 2017|date=13 May 2011}}</ref><ref>[http://blog.givewell.org/2011/04/25/three-cups-of-tea-scandal-why-we-had-the-right-bottom-line-on-the-central-asia-institute/ Givewell.org, "Three Cups of Tea scandal: why we had the right bottom line on the Central Asia Institute", Holden Karnofsky , April 25, 2011, Accessed January 13, 2013.]</ref> ||  

| 2011 || Charity watchdog/foundation || [[wikipedia:Open Philanthropy Project|Open Philanthropy Project]] (Open Phil) launches as GiveWell Labs. Open Phil is a joint project between [[wikipedia:GiveWell|GiveWell]] (a charity evaluator focusing mostly on [[wikipedia:global health|global health]]) and [[wikipedia:Good Ventures|Good Ventures]] (a philanthropic organization co-founded by Cari Tuna and her husband [[wikipedia:Dustin Moskovitz|Dustin Moskovitz]], one of the co-founders of [[wikipedia:Facebook|Facebook]])<ref name="Insidephilanthropy.com_March_20_2016c">{{cite web |url=http://www.insidephilanthropy.com/home/2015/12/14/how-does-an-emerging-army-of-tech-donors-think-ask-this-guy.html |title=How Does an Emerging "Army" of Tech Donors Think? Ask This Guy |publisher=Inside Philanthropy |date=December 14, 2015 |author=David Callahan |accessdate= March 20, 2016}}</ref> that tries to identify the most effective ways to give money to a wide variety of causes.<ref name="openphil_formerly_gwl">{{cite web |url=http://blog.givewell.org/2014/08/20/open-philanthropy-project-formerly-givewell-labs/ |title=Open Philanthropy Project (formerly GiveWell Labs) |first=Holden |last=Karnofsky |publisher=GiveWell}}</ref><ref name=syd>{{cite web|url = http://www.sydsbirthdaychallenge.com/blog/2015/8/27/open-philanthropy-project|title = Open Philanthropy Project|last = Martin|first = Sydney|date = September 5, 2015|accessdate = April 9, 2016}}</ref> || United States

| 2012 || Charity watchdog || [[wikipedia:Animal Charity Evaluators|Animal Charity Evaluators]] (ACE), a US-based non-profit charity evaluator and effective altruism-focused organization dedicated to finding and promoting the most effective ways to help animals, launches.<ref name="about">{{cite web|url = http://www.animalcharityevaluators.org/about/|title = About|publisher = Animal Charity Evaluators|accessdate = September 5, 2015}}</ref> In the coming years, ACE's recommendations would be cited by many publications discussing how to best help animals.<ref name=ace-givewell-vox>{{cite web|url = http://www.vox.com/2015/12/1/9826838/giving-tuesday-holiday-charity|title = These are the charities where your money will do the most good|last = Matthews|first = Dylan|authorlink = wikipedia:Dylan Matthews|date = December 1, 2015|accessdate = June 26, 2016|publisher = ''[[wikipedia:Vox (website)|Vox]]''}}</ref> || United States

| 2013 || Publication || [[wikipedia:Inside Philanthropy|Inside Philanthropy]] is launched by [[wikipedia:David Callahan|David Callahan]].<ref name=ip-crunchbase>{{cite web |url=https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/inside-philanthropy |title=Inside Philanthropy |website = [[wikipedia:CrunchBase|CrunchBase]] |date= |author= |accessdate= August 30, 2015}}</ref> The web publication covers billionaire and foundation giving as well as the activities of nonprofits.<ref name=ip-forbes>{{cite web |url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/tomwatson/2014/07/20/challenging-the-big-funders-philanthropy-startup-targets-billionaires-and-their-giving/ |title=Challenging The Big Funders: Philanthropy Startup Targets Billionaires And Their Giving |newspaper=Forbes |date= |author= |accessdate= August 30, 2015}}</ref> || United States

| 2014 || Charity watchdog || IDinsight, an organization that conducts ranndomized controlled trials and helps governments and nonprofits set up monitoring for their programs, receives its first grant from charity evaluator GiveWell.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.givewell.org/charities/IDinsight/september-2014-grant|title = IDinsight—Scaling Up a High-Potential Development Intervention|date = September 1, 2014|accessdate = May 6, 2017|publisher = [[wikipedia:GiveWell|GiveWell]]}}</ref> This would be the first of many grants from GiveWell to IDinsight.<ref>{{cite web|url = https://donations.vipulnaik.com/donee.php?donee=IDinsight|title = IDinsight donations received|accessdate = May 6, 2017}}</ref> A GiveWell blog post in May 2017 would provide more detail on GiveWell's collaboration with IDinsight.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://blog.givewell.org/2017/05/04/why-givewell-is-partnering-with-idinsight/|title = Why GiveWell is partnering with IDinsight|last = Hollander|first = Catherine|date = May 4, 2017|accessdate = May 6, 2017|publisher = [[wikipedia:GiveWell|GiveWell]]}}</ref>

| 2015 || Charity watchdog || ImpactMatters is launched in December by economist [[wikipedia:Dean Karlan|Dean Karlan]] and Elijah Goldberg.<ref>{{cite web |title=Announcing ImpactMatters: Auditing Charity Impact across Causes |url=http://effective-altruism.com/ea/qq/announcing_impactmatters_auditing_charity_impact/ |publisher=Effective Altruism Forum |date=December 11, 2015 |author=Zach Groff}}</ref> ImpactMatters is [[wikipedia:Business incubator|incubated]] at [[wikipedia:Innovations for Poverty Action|Innovations for Poverty Action]] and conducts audits of nonprofits.<ref>{{cite web |title=IPA Incubates New Nonprofit Organization ImpactMatters |url=http://www.poverty-action.org/blog/ipa-incubates-new-nonprofit-organization-impactmatters |publisher=[[wikipedia:Innovations for Poverty Action|Innovations for Poverty Action]] |date=December 11, 2015 |author=Annie Duflo}}</ref> || United States

*[[wikipedia:Effective altruism|Effective altruism]]