Difference between revisions of "Timeline of mpox"
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| 1958 || - || Discovery || Monkeypox virus is discovered during two outbreaks of a pox-like disease in colonies of monkeys kept for research. The disease is initially named "monkeypox," though the exact source remains unknown.<ref name="Centers">{{cite web |title=Mpox (Monkeypox) |url=https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/mpox/about/index.html |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |accessdate=25 August 2024}}</ref> | | 1958 || - || Discovery || Monkeypox virus is discovered during two outbreaks of a pox-like disease in colonies of monkeys kept for research. The disease is initially named "monkeypox," though the exact source remains unknown.<ref name="Centers">{{cite web |title=Mpox (Monkeypox) |url=https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/mpox/about/index.html |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |accessdate=25 August 2024}}</ref> | ||
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| − | | 1970 || - || First | + | | 1970 || - || First human case || The Monkeypox virus is first identified as a human pathogen in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), formerly Zaire, marking the initial recognition of the virus as a cause of zoonotic disease in humans.<ref name="Anwar">{{cite journal |last1=Anwar |first1=F. |last2=Waris |first2=A. |title=Monkeypox virus outbreak: a brief timeline |journal=New Microbes and New Infections |volume=48 |pages=101004 |date=July 2022 |doi=10.1016/j.nmni.2022.101004 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9344352/}}</ref><ref name="Centers"/> || {{w|Democratic Republic of Congo}} |
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| − | | 2022 || - || Global | + | | 2022 || - || Global outbreak || Monkeypox (now renamed Mpox) spreads globally, with cases reported in multiple countries outside of Africa for the first time. The outbreak is primarily caused by Clade II of the virus.<ref name="Centers"/> || Global |
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| − | | 2022 || May 7 || Outbreak | + | | 2022 || May 7 || Outbreak confirmation || The Monkeypox outbreak is officially confirmed. It begins when a British resident, who had traveled to Nigeria, exhibits symptoms of Monkeypox after returning to the UK.<ref name="Anwar"/> || {{w|United Kingdom}} |
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| 2022 || May 4 || Index Case || The British resident returns to the United Kingdom, creating the country's index case for the Monkeypox outbreak. The exact origin of the outbreak in the UK remains unclear.<ref name="Anwar"/> || {{w|United Kingdom}} | | 2022 || May 4 || Index Case || The British resident returns to the United Kingdom, creating the country's index case for the Monkeypox outbreak. The exact origin of the outbreak in the UK remains unclear.<ref name="Anwar"/> || {{w|United Kingdom}} | ||
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| 2022 || June 13 || Global Case Report || The World Health Organization reports over 780 cases of Monkeypox across 27 countries, with more than 50 patients hospitalized globally.<ref name="Anwar"/> || Global | | 2022 || June 13 || Global Case Report || The World Health Organization reports over 780 cases of Monkeypox across 27 countries, with more than 50 patients hospitalized globally.<ref name="Anwar"/> || Global | ||
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| − | | 2022 || June 13 || | + | | 2022 || June 13 || Epidemiology || The United Kingdom reports the highest number of Monkeypox cases (207), followed by Spain (156), Portugal (138), Canada (58), and Germany (57).<ref name="Anwar"/> || {{w|United Kingdom}}, {{w|Spain}}, {{w|Portugal}}, {{w|Canada}}, {{w|Germany}} |
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| − | | 2022 || May 23 || False | + | | 2022 || May 23 || False report || Reports claim that Pakistan has detected two cases of Monkeypox. However, the Ministry of National Health Services Regulations and Coordination dismisses these reports on May 30.<ref name="Anwar"/> || {{w|Pakistan}} |
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| − | | 2022 || May 29 || Suspected | + | | 2022 || May 29 || Suspected case || A suspected Monkeypox case is reported at Civil Hospital in Sukkur, Karachi. A 13-year-old boy from Shikarpur Karachi is suspected to have contracted the virus, though health authorities do not confirm the case.<ref name="Anwar"/> || {{w|Pakistan}} |
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| 2022 || November || Renaming || The World Health Organization renames "monkeypox" to "Mpox" to follow modern guidelines for naming diseases, aiming to avoid offending cultural, social, national, and other groups.<ref name="Centers"/> || Global | | 2022 || November || Renaming || The World Health Organization renames "monkeypox" to "Mpox" to follow modern guidelines for naming diseases, aiming to avoid offending cultural, social, national, and other groups.<ref name="Centers"/> || Global | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | 2023 || January || Outbreak reporting || The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) begins reporting more than 27,000 suspect mpox cases and over 1,300 deaths.<ref name="poxvirus">{{cite web |title=Mpox Outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2023 |url=https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/mpox/outbreak/2023-drc.html |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |accessdate=25 August 2024}}</ref> || Democratic Republic of the Congo | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | 2024 || April || Outbreak declaration || The Republic of the Congo declares an outbreak of clade I mpox, with cases linked to the spread from DRC.<ref name="poxvirus"/> || Republic of the Congo | ||
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| + | | 2024 || July || Outbreak reports || Burundi, Rwanda, and Uganda report confirmed cases of clade I mpox. The cases are linked to the outbreak in DRC.<ref name="poxvirus"/> || Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda | ||
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| + | | 2024 || August 14 || Public Health Emergency || The WHO Director-General declares the mpox outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and other African countries as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) under the International Health Regulations (2005).<ref name="outbreak">{{cite web |title=Disease Outbreak News: Mpox |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2024-DON528 |website=World Health Organization |accessdate=25 August 2024}}</ref><ref name="poxvirus"/> || Democratic Republic of the Congo | ||
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| + | | 2024 || July 25 || Outbreak Declaration || The Ministry of Health of Burundi declares an mpox outbreak after confirming three cases. These are the first confirmed mpox cases in Burundi.<ref name="outbreak"/> || Burundi | ||
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| + | | 2024 || July 29 || First Case || Kenya's Ministry of Health confirms the first case of mpox in the country, involving a 42-year-old male with travel history from Uganda.<ref name="outbreak"/> || Kenya | ||
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| + | | 2024 || July 24 || Outbreak Declaration || Rwanda's Ministry of Health declares an mpox outbreak after confirming two cases, both with travel history to the Democratic Republic of the Congo. These are the first confirmed mpox cases in Rwanda.<ref name="outbreak"/> || Rwanda | ||
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| + | | 2024 || July 15 || First Cases || Uganda confirms its first mpox cases in Kasese District, involving two females with travel history to the Democratic Republic of the Congo.<ref name="outbreak"/> || Uganda | ||
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| + | | 2024 || July || First Cases || Côte d’Ivoire reports its first mpox cases since the start of the multi-country outbreak in 2022. Two non-fatal cases are confirmed in Tabou district and Koumassi health district.<ref name="outbreak"/> || Côte d’Ivoire | ||
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== References == | == References == | ||
Latest revision as of 22:30, 24 August 2024
| Year | Month and Date | Event type | Details | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1958 | - | Discovery | Monkeypox virus is discovered during two outbreaks of a pox-like disease in colonies of monkeys kept for research. The disease is initially named "monkeypox," though the exact source remains unknown.[1] | |
| 1970 | - | First human case | The Monkeypox virus is first identified as a human pathogen in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), formerly Zaire, marking the initial recognition of the virus as a cause of zoonotic disease in humans.[2][1] | Democratic Republic of Congo |
| 2022 | - | Global outbreak | Monkeypox (now renamed Mpox) spreads globally, with cases reported in multiple countries outside of Africa for the first time. The outbreak is primarily caused by Clade II of the virus.[1] | Global |
| 2022 | May 7 | Outbreak confirmation | The Monkeypox outbreak is officially confirmed. It begins when a British resident, who had traveled to Nigeria, exhibits symptoms of Monkeypox after returning to the UK.[2] | United Kingdom |
| 2022 | May 4 | Index Case | The British resident returns to the United Kingdom, creating the country's index case for the Monkeypox outbreak. The exact origin of the outbreak in the UK remains unclear.[2] | United Kingdom |
| 2022 | June 13 | Global Case Report | The World Health Organization reports over 780 cases of Monkeypox across 27 countries, with more than 50 patients hospitalized globally.[2] | Global |
| 2022 | June 13 | Epidemiology | The United Kingdom reports the highest number of Monkeypox cases (207), followed by Spain (156), Portugal (138), Canada (58), and Germany (57).[2] | United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal, Canada, Germany |
| 2022 | May 23 | False report | Reports claim that Pakistan has detected two cases of Monkeypox. However, the Ministry of National Health Services Regulations and Coordination dismisses these reports on May 30.[2] | Pakistan |
| 2022 | May 29 | Suspected case | A suspected Monkeypox case is reported at Civil Hospital in Sukkur, Karachi. A 13-year-old boy from Shikarpur Karachi is suspected to have contracted the virus, though health authorities do not confirm the case.[2] | Pakistan |
| 2022 | November | Renaming | The World Health Organization renames "monkeypox" to "Mpox" to follow modern guidelines for naming diseases, aiming to avoid offending cultural, social, national, and other groups.[1] | Global |
| 2023 | January | Outbreak reporting | The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) begins reporting more than 27,000 suspect mpox cases and over 1,300 deaths.[3] | Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| 2024 | April | Outbreak declaration | The Republic of the Congo declares an outbreak of clade I mpox, with cases linked to the spread from DRC.[3] | Republic of the Congo |
| 2024 | July | Outbreak reports | Burundi, Rwanda, and Uganda report confirmed cases of clade I mpox. The cases are linked to the outbreak in DRC.[3] | Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda |
| 2024 | August 14 | Public Health Emergency | The WHO Director-General declares the mpox outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and other African countries as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) under the International Health Regulations (2005).[4][3] | Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| 2024 | July 25 | Outbreak Declaration | The Ministry of Health of Burundi declares an mpox outbreak after confirming three cases. These are the first confirmed mpox cases in Burundi.[4] | Burundi |
| 2024 | July 29 | First Case | Kenya's Ministry of Health confirms the first case of mpox in the country, involving a 42-year-old male with travel history from Uganda.[4] | Kenya |
| 2024 | July 24 | Outbreak Declaration | Rwanda's Ministry of Health declares an mpox outbreak after confirming two cases, both with travel history to the Democratic Republic of the Congo. These are the first confirmed mpox cases in Rwanda.[4] | Rwanda |
| 2024 | July 15 | First Cases | Uganda confirms its first mpox cases in Kasese District, involving two females with travel history to the Democratic Republic of the Congo.[4] | Uganda |
| 2024 | July | First Cases | Côte d’Ivoire reports its first mpox cases since the start of the multi-country outbreak in 2022. Two non-fatal cases are confirmed in Tabou district and Koumassi health district.[4] | Côte d’Ivoire |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Mpox (Monkeypox)". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 25 August 2024.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Anwar, F.; Waris, A. (July 2022). "Monkeypox virus outbreak: a brief timeline". New Microbes and New Infections. 48: 101004. doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2022.101004.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "Mpox Outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2023". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 25 August 2024.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 "Disease Outbreak News: Mpox". World Health Organization. Retrieved 25 August 2024.
