Difference between revisions of "Timeline of hepatology"

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! Year !! Event type !! Details !! Location
 
! Year !! Event type !! Details !! Location
 
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| 400 BC || || Hippocrates describes liver abscess.<ref name="Hepatology History">{{cite web |title=Hepatology History |url=https://www.news-medical.net/health/Hepatology-History.aspx |website=news-medical.net |accessdate=3 September 2018}}</ref> ||
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| 400 BC || Field development || Hippocrates describes liver abscess.<ref name="Hepatology History">{{cite web |title=Hepatology History |url=https://www.news-medical.net/health/Hepatology-History.aspx |website=news-medical.net |accessdate=3 September 2018}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
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| 100 CE || || Greek physician {{w|Aretaeus of Cappadocia}} describes jaundice and its symptoms.<ref name="Hepatology History"/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bassari |first1=Ramez |last2=Koea |first2=Jonathan B |title=Jaundice associated pruritis: A review of pathophysiology and treatment |doi=10.3748/wjg.v21.i5.1404 |pmid=25663760 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4316083/ |pmc=4316083}}</ref> ||
+
| 100 CE || Field development || Greek physician {{w|Aretaeus of Cappadocia}} describes jaundice and its symptoms.<ref name="Hepatology History"/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bassari |first1=Ramez |last2=Koea |first2=Jonathan B |title=Jaundice associated pruritis: A review of pathophysiology and treatment |doi=10.3748/wjg.v21.i5.1404 |pmid=25663760 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4316083/ |pmc=4316083}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
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| c.980 – 1037 || || Persian polymath {{w|Avicenna}} observes the significance of urine in the diagnosis of liver disease.<ref name="Hepatology History"/> ||
+
| c.980 – 1037 || Field development || Persian polymath {{w|Avicenna}} observes the significance of {{w|urine}} in the diagnosis of liver disease.<ref name="Hepatology History"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 1770 || || French anatomist {{w|Antoine Portal}} notes the bleeding that occurs due to the presence of esophageal varices caused by portal hypertension in cirrhosis patients.<ref name="Hepatology History"/> ||
+
| 1770 || Field development || French anatomist {{w|Antoine Portal}} notes the bleeding that occurs due to the presence of esophageal varices caused by portal hypertension in cirrhosis patients.<ref name="Hepatology History"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 1844 || || German physiologist {{w|Gabriel Valentin}} demonstrates how pancreatic enzymes are responsible for breaking down food during digestion.<ref name="Hepatology History"/> ||
+
| 1844 || Field development || German physiologist {{w|Gabriel Valentin}} demonstrates how pancreatic enzymes are responsible for breaking down food during digestion.<ref name="Hepatology History"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 1846 || || German chemist {{w|Justus Von Leibig}} discovers the pancreatic juice tyrosine.<ref>{{cite book |title=Netters Essential Physiology |publisher=CTI Reviews |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=_DYQMY56-foC&pg=PT250&dq=%22in+1846%22+%22Justus+Von+Liebig%22+pancreatic+juice+tyrosine&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiw0I7C5MfdAhUFg5AKHT-CDv0Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201846%22%20%22Justus%20Von%20Liebig%22%20pancreatic%20juice%20tyrosine&f=false}}</ref> <ref name="Hepatology History"/> || {{w|Germany}}
+
| 1846 || Field development || German chemist {{w|Justus Von Leibig}} discovers the pancreatic juice tyrosine.<ref>{{cite book |title=Netters Essential Physiology |publisher=CTI Reviews |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=_DYQMY56-foC&pg=PT250&dq=%22in+1846%22+%22Justus+Von+Liebig%22+pancreatic+juice+tyrosine&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiw0I7C5MfdAhUFg5AKHT-CDv0Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201846%22%20%22Justus%20Von%20Liebig%22%20pancreatic%20juice%20tyrosine&f=false}}</ref> <ref name="Hepatology History"/> || {{w|Germany}}
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 1852 || || Bernard first reports the association between gallstones and acute pancreatitis.<ref name="Acute Gallstone Pancreatitis"/> ||
+
| 1852 || Field development || Bernard first reports the association between gallstones and acute pancreatitis.<ref name="Acute Gallstone Pancreatitis"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 1854 || || German pathologist {{w|Friedrich Theodor von Frerichs}} first describes {{w|Wilson's disease}} (named after Samuel Wilson). ||
+
| 1854 || Field development || German pathologist {{w|Friedrich Theodor von Frerichs}} first describes {{w|Wilson's disease}} (named after Samuel Wilson). ||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 1862 || || Austin Flint describes the production of "stercorin".<ref>{{cite book |title=Medical Review, Volumes 35-36 |publisher=St. Louis Medical Review Association |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=RlblAAAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1862%22+%22Austin+Flint%22+%22stercorin%22&dq=%22in+1862%22+%22Austin+Flint%22+%22stercorin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwig3Jmnv8fdAhUDgJAKHZl4ByYQ6AEILDAB}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Transactions of the First Pan-American Medical Congress, Part 2 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office, 1895 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=4ObMCmAkQlQC&q=%22in+1862%22+%22Austin+Flint%22+%22stercorin%22&dq=%22in+1862%22+%22Austin+Flint%22+%22stercorin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwig3Jmnv8fdAhUDgJAKHZl4ByYQ6AEIMDAC}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Flint |first1=Austin |title=Handbook of physiology |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=uoGXDxN4uEcC&q=%22in+1862%22+%22Austin+Flint%22+%22stercorin%22&dq=%22in+1862%22+%22Austin+Flint%22+%22stercorin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwig3Jmnv8fdAhUDgJAKHZl4ByYQ6AEIPDAF}}</ref><ref name="Hepatology History"/> ||
+
| 1862 || Field development || Austin Flint describes the production of "stercorin".<ref>{{cite book |title=Medical Review, Volumes 35-36 |publisher=St. Louis Medical Review Association |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=RlblAAAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1862%22+%22Austin+Flint%22+%22stercorin%22&dq=%22in+1862%22+%22Austin+Flint%22+%22stercorin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwig3Jmnv8fdAhUDgJAKHZl4ByYQ6AEILDAB}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Transactions of the First Pan-American Medical Congress, Part 2 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office, 1895 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=4ObMCmAkQlQC&q=%22in+1862%22+%22Austin+Flint%22+%22stercorin%22&dq=%22in+1862%22+%22Austin+Flint%22+%22stercorin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwig3Jmnv8fdAhUDgJAKHZl4ByYQ6AEIMDAC}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Flint |first1=Austin |title=Handbook of physiology |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=uoGXDxN4uEcC&q=%22in+1862%22+%22Austin+Flint%22+%22stercorin%22&dq=%22in+1862%22+%22Austin+Flint%22+%22stercorin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwig3Jmnv8fdAhUDgJAKHZl4ByYQ6AEIPDAF}}</ref><ref name="Hepatology History"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 1875 || Field development || French physician {{w|Victor Charles Hanot}} describes the condition of cholangiolytic biliary cirrhosis (Hanot disease).<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sebastian |first1=Anton |title=A Dictionary of the History of Medicine |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=CvpKDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT901&dq=%22in+1875%22+Victor+Charles+Hanot&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj2vPm_rbjdAhUGOZAKHbaiAAcQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201875%22%20Victor%20Charles%20Hanot&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Wain |first1=Harry |title=The story behind the word: some interesting origins of medical terms |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=MGFrAAAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1875%22+Victor+Charles+Hanot&dq=%22in+1875%22+Victor+Charles+Hanot&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj2vPm_rbjdAhUGOZAKHbaiAAcQ6AEIMjAC}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bogousslavsky |first1=Julien |title=Following Charcot: A Forgotten History of Neurology and Psychiatry |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=O4bPO7Z696QC&pg=PA29&dq=%22in+1875%22+Victor+Charles+Hanot&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj2vPm_rbjdAhUGOZAKHbaiAAcQ6AEINzAD#v=onepage&q=%22in%201875%22%20Victor%20Charles%20Hanot&f=false}}</ref><ref name="Hepatology History"/> || {{w|France}}
 
| 1875 || Field development || French physician {{w|Victor Charles Hanot}} describes the condition of cholangiolytic biliary cirrhosis (Hanot disease).<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sebastian |first1=Anton |title=A Dictionary of the History of Medicine |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=CvpKDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT901&dq=%22in+1875%22+Victor+Charles+Hanot&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj2vPm_rbjdAhUGOZAKHbaiAAcQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201875%22%20Victor%20Charles%20Hanot&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Wain |first1=Harry |title=The story behind the word: some interesting origins of medical terms |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=MGFrAAAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1875%22+Victor+Charles+Hanot&dq=%22in+1875%22+Victor+Charles+Hanot&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj2vPm_rbjdAhUGOZAKHbaiAAcQ6AEIMjAC}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bogousslavsky |first1=Julien |title=Following Charcot: A Forgotten History of Neurology and Psychiatry |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=O4bPO7Z696QC&pg=PA29&dq=%22in+1875%22+Victor+Charles+Hanot&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj2vPm_rbjdAhUGOZAKHbaiAAcQ6AEINzAD#v=onepage&q=%22in%201875%22%20Victor%20Charles%20Hanot&f=false}}</ref><ref name="Hepatology History"/> || {{w|France}}
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| 1958 || || American surgeon {{w|Francis Daniels Moore}} develops and performs the first liver transplantation in dog experimental models.<ref name="Hepatology History"/> || {{w|United States}}
 
| 1958 || || American surgeon {{w|Francis Daniels Moore}} develops and performs the first liver transplantation in dog experimental models.<ref name="Hepatology History"/> || {{w|United States}}
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 1960 || Journal || Journal ''[[w:Gut (journal)|Gut]]'' is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gut |url=https://gut.bmj.com/pages/about/ |website=gut.bmj.com |accessdate=13 September 2018}}</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
+
| 1960 || Literature || Journal ''[[w:Gut (journal)|Gut]]'' is established.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gut |url=https://gut.bmj.com/pages/about/ |website=gut.bmj.com |accessdate=13 September 2018}}</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 1961 || Journal || Journal ''[[w:Endoscopy (journal)|Endoscopy]]'' is launched.<ref>{{cite web |title=Endoscopy Journal |url=https://www.esge.com/endoscopy-journal.html |website=esge.com |accessdate=13 September 2018}}</ref> ||
+
| 1961 || Literature || Journal ''[[w:Endoscopy (journal)|Endoscopy]]'' is launched.<ref>{{cite web |title=Endoscopy Journal |url=https://www.esge.com/endoscopy-journal.html |website=esge.com |accessdate=13 September 2018}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 1963 || Field development || American physician {{w|Thomas Starzl}} in {{w|Denver}} performs the first human liver transplant on a 3-year-old male with {{w|biliary atresia}}.<ref>{{cite book |title=In Her Lifetime: Female Morbidity and Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa |publisher=Committee to Study Female Morbidity and Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa, Institute of Medicine |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=qpVOAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA190&dq=%22in+1963%22+%22Thomas+Starzl+%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj03q_GrMfdAhVOl5AKHbLACZgQ6AEIQzAF#v=onepage&q=%22in%201963%22%20%22Thomas%20Starzl%20%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Hakim |first1=Nadey |title=Introduction to Organ Transplantation |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Tj0rjh3N0LwC&pg=PA125&dq=%22in+1963%22+%22Thomas+Starzl+%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj03q_GrMfdAhVOl5AKHbLACZgQ6AEIPTAE#v=onepage&q=%22in%201963%22%20%22Thomas%20Starzl%20%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology in Liver Transplantation |edition=E. Bücheler, Volkmar Nicolas, C.E. Broelsch, X. Rogiers, G. Krupski |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=7NF9R1aAl_kC&pg=PA149&dq=%22in+1963%22+%22Thomas+Starzl+%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj03q_GrMfdAhVOl5AKHbLACZgQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201963%22%20%22Thomas%20Starzl%20%22&f=false}}</ref><ref name="Hepatology History"/> || {{w|United States}}
 
| 1963 || Field development || American physician {{w|Thomas Starzl}} in {{w|Denver}} performs the first human liver transplant on a 3-year-old male with {{w|biliary atresia}}.<ref>{{cite book |title=In Her Lifetime: Female Morbidity and Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa |publisher=Committee to Study Female Morbidity and Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa, Institute of Medicine |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=qpVOAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA190&dq=%22in+1963%22+%22Thomas+Starzl+%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj03q_GrMfdAhVOl5AKHbLACZgQ6AEIQzAF#v=onepage&q=%22in%201963%22%20%22Thomas%20Starzl%20%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Hakim |first1=Nadey |title=Introduction to Organ Transplantation |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Tj0rjh3N0LwC&pg=PA125&dq=%22in+1963%22+%22Thomas+Starzl+%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj03q_GrMfdAhVOl5AKHbLACZgQ6AEIPTAE#v=onepage&q=%22in%201963%22%20%22Thomas%20Starzl%20%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology in Liver Transplantation |edition=E. Bücheler, Volkmar Nicolas, C.E. Broelsch, X. Rogiers, G. Krupski |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=7NF9R1aAl_kC&pg=PA149&dq=%22in+1963%22+%22Thomas+Starzl+%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj03q_GrMfdAhVOl5AKHbLACZgQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201963%22%20%22Thomas%20Starzl%20%22&f=false}}</ref><ref name="Hepatology History"/> || {{w|United States}}
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| 1966 || Organization || The {{w|European Association for the Study of the Liver}} is founded.<ref>{{cite web |title=HEPAHEALTH Project Report -- risk factors and the burden of liver disease in Europe and selected Central Asian countries |url=https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-04/eaft-hpr041218.php |website=eurekalert.org |accessdate=19 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL |url=http://www.bionity.com/en/associations/100102/european-association-for-the-study-of-the-liver-easl.html |website=bionity.com |accessdate=19 September 2018}}</ref> ||
 
| 1966 || Organization || The {{w|European Association for the Study of the Liver}} is founded.<ref>{{cite web |title=HEPAHEALTH Project Report -- risk factors and the burden of liver disease in Europe and selected Central Asian countries |url=https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-04/eaft-hpr041218.php |website=eurekalert.org |accessdate=19 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL |url=http://www.bionity.com/en/associations/100102/european-association-for-the-study-of-the-liver-easl.html |website=bionity.com |accessdate=19 September 2018}}</ref> ||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 1969 || || American physician {{w|Baruch Samuel Blumberg}} discovers the {{w|hepatitis B}} virus and goes on to develop the first hepatitis B vaccine.<ref name="Hepatology History"/> ||
+
| 1969 || Field development || American physician {{w|Baruch Samuel Blumberg}} discovers the {{w|hepatitis B}} virus and goes on to develop the first hepatitis B vaccine.<ref name="Hepatology History"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 1973 || <ref>{{cite book |last1=Kuntz |first1=Erwin |last2=Kuntz |first2=Hans-Dieter |title=Hepatology: Textbook and Atlas |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=oL6d9KuVqLQC&pg=PA425&lpg=PA425&dq=%22in+1982%22+H.+Thaler+introduces+the+term+postinfantile+giant-cell+hepatitis&source=bl&ots=gWcUVjUKX3&sig=VtYe8COY-Xmxd4bTnX1kpTGpnoo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiQnfD5-szdAhWJHZAKHRJlCP4Q6AEwAXoECAEQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22in%201982%22%20H.%20Thaler%20introduces%20the%20term%20postinfantile%20giant-cell%20hepatitis&f=false}}</ref>|| S.M. Feinstone discovers the {{w|Hepatitis A}} virus.<ref name="Hepatology: Textbook and Atlas"/> ||
+
| 1973 || Field development || S.M. Feinstone discovers the {{w|Hepatitis A}} virus.<ref name="Hepatology: Textbook and Atlas"/> ||
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 1974 || Organization || The {{w|Foundation for Liver Research}} is established in the {{w|United Kingdom}} to develop and extend research into diseases of the human liver and to enhance medical research generally.<ref>{{cite web |title=Foundation for Liver Research |url=http://www.liver-research.org.uk/ |website=liver-research.org.uk |accessdate=13 September 2018}}</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}}
 
| 1974 || Organization || The {{w|Foundation for Liver Research}} is established in the {{w|United Kingdom}} to develop and extend research into diseases of the human liver and to enhance medical research generally.<ref>{{cite web |title=Foundation for Liver Research |url=http://www.liver-research.org.uk/ |website=liver-research.org.uk |accessdate=13 September 2018}}</ref> || {{w|United Kingdom}}

Revision as of 12:49, 21 September 2018

This is a timeline of hepatology.

Big picture

Time period Development summary
Ancient history Infectious jaundice is the most imposing clinical picture in hepatology and has occupied physicians for more than 2,500 years.[1]

Full timeline

Year Event type Details Location
400 BC Field development Hippocrates describes liver abscess.[2]
100 CE Field development Greek physician Aretaeus of Cappadocia describes jaundice and its symptoms.[2][3]
c.980 – 1037 Field development Persian polymath Avicenna observes the significance of urine in the diagnosis of liver disease.[2]
1770 Field development French anatomist Antoine Portal notes the bleeding that occurs due to the presence of esophageal varices caused by portal hypertension in cirrhosis patients.[2]
1844 Field development German physiologist Gabriel Valentin demonstrates how pancreatic enzymes are responsible for breaking down food during digestion.[2]
1846 Field development German chemist Justus Von Leibig discovers the pancreatic juice tyrosine.[4] [2] Germany
1852 Field development Bernard first reports the association between gallstones and acute pancreatitis.[5]
1854 Field development German pathologist Friedrich Theodor von Frerichs first describes Wilson's disease (named after Samuel Wilson).
1862 Field development Austin Flint describes the production of "stercorin".[6][7][8][2]
1875 Field development French physician Victor Charles Hanot describes the condition of cholangiolytic biliary cirrhosis (Hanot disease).[9][10][11][2] France
1882 German surgeon Carl Langenbuch performs the first acknowledged open cholecystectomy.[12] Germany
1882 Acute pancreatitis is first described at autopsy.
1901 Opie describes impacted gallstones at autopsy.[5]
1943 Harper and Raper produce a purified pancreozymin which greatly increases the enzyme content of pancreatic juice as distinct from the increase in volume evoked by secretin.[13]
1946 Chronic pancreatitis is first described.[13]
1950 Organization The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases is established.[14] United States
1958 American surgeon Francis Daniels Moore develops and performs the first liver transplantation in dog experimental models.[2] United States
1960 Literature Journal Gut is established.[15] United Kingdom
1961 Literature Journal Endoscopy is launched.[16]
1963 Field development American physician Thomas Starzl in Denver performs the first human liver transplant on a 3-year-old male with biliary atresia.[17][18][19][2] United States
1966 Organization The European Association for the Study of the Liver is founded.[20][21]
1969 Field development American physician Baruch Samuel Blumberg discovers the hepatitis B virus and goes on to develop the first hepatitis B vaccine.[2]
1973 Field development S.M. Feinstone discovers the Hepatitis A virus.[1]
1974 Organization The Foundation for Liver Research is established in the United Kingdom to develop and extend research into diseases of the human liver and to enhance medical research generally.[22] United Kingdom
1977 M. Rizzetto at al. detect the delta virus.[1]
1981 Literature Peer-reviewed medical journal Hepatology is first issued.[23] United States
1982 Field development H. Thaler introduces the term postinfantile giant-cell hepatitis.[24][1]
1983 Hepatitis E virus is identified.[1]
1985 German surgeon Erich Mühe carries out the first laparoscopic cholecystectomy.[25][26][27] Germany
1985 – 1990 French surgeon Jacques Perissat experiments with intracorporeal lithotripsy.[28]
1987 Journal The Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology is established.[29] Canada
1987 French surgeon Phillipe Mouret carries out his first cholecystectomy by means of electronic laparoscopy.[28][27]
1988 French surgeon Francois Dubois performs a laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in Paris.[28] France
1989 Daniel Bradley and Michael Houghton identify the hepatitis C virus, which was previously known as non-A, non-B hepatitis and could not be detected in the blood supply.
1989 Journal The European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology is first issued.[30] United Kingdom
1992 A blood test that could detect hepatitis C in donated blood is created.
1994 Organization The International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association is established.[31] United States
1995 Journal Peer-reviewed medical journal Inflammatory Bowel Diseases is first issued.[32]
2003 Journal Journal Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology is established.[33] United States
2007 Organization The World Hepatitis Alliance is formed. The organization advocates and raises awareness for the elimination of viral hepatitis.[34]
2007 Journal Journal of Crohn's and Colitis is established.[35] United Kingdom
2007 Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
2009 Journal The World Journal of Hepatology is launched.[36]

Meta information on the timeline

How the timeline was built

The initial version of the timeline was written by User:Sebastian.

Funding information for this timeline is available.

Feedback and comments

Feedback for the timeline can be provided at the following places:

  • FIXME

What the timeline is still missing

Timeline update strategy

See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Kuntz, Erwin; Kuntz, Hans-Dieter. Hepatology: Textbook and Atlas. 
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 "Hepatology History". news-medical.net. Retrieved 3 September 2018. 
  3. ↑ Bassari, Ramez; Koea, Jonathan B. "Jaundice associated pruritis: A review of pathophysiology and treatment". PMC 4316083Freely accessible. PMID 25663760. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i5.1404. 
  4. ↑ Netters Essential Physiology. CTI Reviews. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Acute Gallstone Pancreatitis". researchgate.net. Retrieved 19 September 2018. 
  6. ↑ Medical Review, Volumes 35-36. St. Louis Medical Review Association. 
  7. ↑ Transactions of the First Pan-American Medical Congress, Part 2. U.S. Government Printing Office, 1895. 
  8. ↑ Flint, Austin. Handbook of physiology. 
  9. ↑ Sebastian, Anton. A Dictionary of the History of Medicine. 
  10. ↑ Wain, Harry. The story behind the word: some interesting origins of medical terms. 
  11. ↑ Bogousslavsky, Julien. Following Charcot: A Forgotten History of Neurology and Psychiatry. 
  12. ↑ Landmark Papers in General Surgery (Graham MacKay, Richard Molloy, Patrick O'Dwyer ed.). 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "A clinical study of chronic pancreatitis" (PDF). gut.bmj.com. Retrieved 19 September 2018. 
  14. ↑ "American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases". choosingwisely.org. Retrieved 19 September 2018. 
  15. ↑ "Gut". gut.bmj.com. Retrieved 13 September 2018. 
  16. ↑ "Endoscopy Journal". esge.com. Retrieved 13 September 2018. 
  17. ↑ In Her Lifetime: Female Morbidity and Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. Committee to Study Female Morbidity and Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa, Institute of Medicine. 
  18. ↑ Hakim, Nadey. Introduction to Organ Transplantation. 
  19. ↑ Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology in Liver Transplantation (E. Bücheler, Volkmar Nicolas, C.E. Broelsch, X. Rogiers, G. Krupski ed.). 
  20. ↑ "HEPAHEALTH Project Report -- risk factors and the burden of liver disease in Europe and selected Central Asian countries". eurekalert.org. Retrieved 19 September 2018. 
  21. ↑ "European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL". bionity.com. Retrieved 19 September 2018. 
  22. ↑ "Foundation for Liver Research". liver-research.org.uk. Retrieved 13 September 2018. 
  23. ↑ "List of Issues Hepatology". journal-of-hepatology.eu. Retrieved 19 September 2018. 
  24. ↑ Kuntz, Erwin; Kuntz, Hans-Dieter. Hepatology: Textbook and Atlas. 
  25. ↑ Litynski, GS. "Erich Mühe and the rejection of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (1985): a surgeon ahead of his time.". PMC 3015244Freely accessible. PMID 10036125. 
  26. ↑ Robotic Approaches to Colon and Rectal Surgery (Howard Ross, Sang Lee, Bradley J. Champagne, Alessio Pigazzi, David E. Rivadeneira ed.). 
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Essentials of Pediatric Endoscopic Surgery (Amulya K. Saxena, Michael E. Höllwarth ed.). 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 Litynski, Grzegorz S. "Mouret, Dubois, and Perissat: The Laparoscopic Breakthrough in Europe (1987-1988)". PMC 3015318Freely accessible. PMID 10444020. 
  29. ↑ "Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology". hindawi.com. Retrieved 19 September 2018. 
  30. ↑ "European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology". 
  31. ↑ Pitt, Henry A. "International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association: who are we and where are we going?". PMC 2023894Freely accessible. PMID 18333134. doi:10.1080/13651820600835967. 
  32. ↑ "Volume 1, Issue 1, 1 February 1995". academic.oup.com. Retrieved 19 September 2018. 
  33. ↑ "Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology". scimagojr.com. Retrieved 21 September 2018. 
  34. ↑ "OUR STORY". worldhepatitisalliance.org. Retrieved 19 September 2018. 
  35. ↑ "Journal of Crohn's and Colitis". academic.oup.com. Retrieved 19 September 2018. 
  36. ↑ "World Journal of Hepatology". wjgnet.com. Retrieved 4 September 2018. 
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