Difference between revisions of "Timeline of Wikipedia"
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| 2001 || February 12 || Milestone || Wikipedia reaches its 1,000th article. This demonstrates the rapid content growth compared to *Nupedia*, which had struggled to produce articles at a faster rate. | | 2001 || February 12 || Milestone || Wikipedia reaches its 1,000th article. This demonstrates the rapid content growth compared to *Nupedia*, which had struggled to produce articles at a faster rate. | ||
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| + | | 2001 || March 16 || New Subdomains || The first non-English Wikipedia, the German Wikipedia (*deutsche.wikipedia.com*), is created at 01:38 UTC. This is followed a few hours later by the Catalan Wikipedia (*catalan.wikipedia.com*) at 13:07 UTC. | ||
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| + | | 2001 || March || New Subdomain || The Japanese Wikipedia (*nihongo.wikipedia.com*) is created, initially using Romanized Japanese. | ||
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| + | | 2001 || May 11 || New Subdomain || The French Wikipedia is created, followed by the introduction of other languages such as Chinese, Dutch, Esperanto, Hebrew, Italian, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, and Swedish. | ||
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| 2001 || July 25 || Traffic Increase || Wikipedia receives a large influx of traffic after being mentioned on the technology website *Slashdot*. This is followed by further exposure from *Kuro5hin*, which brings more participants and attention to the project. | | 2001 || July 25 || Traffic Increase || Wikipedia receives a large influx of traffic after being mentioned on the technology website *Slashdot*. This is followed by further exposure from *Kuro5hin*, which brings more participants and attention to the project. | ||
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| 2001 || September 20 || Media Coverage || *The New York Times* covers Wikipedia, marking its first major mainstream media recognition. This coverage increases its visibility and legitimacy. | | 2001 || September 20 || Media Coverage || *The New York Times* covers Wikipedia, marking its first major mainstream media recognition. This coverage increases its visibility and legitimacy. | ||
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| + | | 2001 || September || Announcement || Wikipedia commits to providing multilingual versions, aiming to roll out Wikipedias for all major languages, set core standards, and translate core pages for the new wikis. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | 2001 || December || New Subdomains || Afrikaans, Norwegian, and Serbian Wikipedia versions are announced as international statistics begin to be logged. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | 2002 || January || Milestone || 90% of all Wikipedia articles are in English. | ||
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| 2002 || August 30 || Milestone || Wikipedia reaches 40,000 articles, having grown at a rate of over 1,500 articles per month during its first year of existence. | | 2002 || August 30 || Milestone || Wikipedia reaches 40,000 articles, having grown at a rate of over 1,500 articles per month during its first year of existence. | ||
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| + | | 2004 || January || Milestone || The percentage of English articles falls below 50%, as non-English language versions continue to grow. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2014 || – || Reader Statistics || By this year, Wikipedia attracts approximately 495 million monthly readers worldwide, reflecting its status as a major source of free information on the web. This level of readership showcases its vast reach and the growing public reliance on the site for accurate, up-to-date knowledge. | | 2014 || – || Reader Statistics || By this year, Wikipedia attracts approximately 495 million monthly readers worldwide, reflecting its status as a major source of free information on the web. This level of readership showcases its vast reach and the growing public reliance on the site for accurate, up-to-date knowledge. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | 2014 || || Milestone || About 85% of all Wikipedia articles are in non-English versions, marking the significant internationalization of the project. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2015 || – || Visitor Statistics || According to comScore, Wikipedia achieves over 115 million monthly unique visitors from the United States alone in 2015. This figure highlights the platform’s popularity in one of the largest internet markets and its role as a key player in digital education and information dissemination. | | 2015 || – || Visitor Statistics || According to comScore, Wikipedia achieves over 115 million monthly unique visitors from the United States alone in 2015. This figure highlights the platform’s popularity in one of the largest internet markets and its role as a key player in digital education and information dissemination. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2018 || September || Page Views || Wikipedia and its associated projects receive 15.5 billion monthly page views. This surge in traffic illustrates the platform’s enduring significance and widespread use across various languages and regions, underscoring its role as one of the world’s most important online resources. | | 2018 || September || Page Views || Wikipedia and its associated projects receive 15.5 billion monthly page views. This surge in traffic illustrates the platform’s enduring significance and widespread use across various languages and regions, underscoring its role as one of the world’s most important online resources. | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | 2023 || || Milestone || Roughly 90% of all Wikipedia articles are in non-English Wikipedias, though the English and Simple English versions together have 7 million articles. | ||
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|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 17:43, 13 September 2024
This is a timeline of Wikipedia, a free, web-based encyclopedia that is collaboratively written by volunteers from around the world.
Contents
Sample questions
The following are some interesting questions that can be answered by reading this timeline:
Big picture
| Time period | Development summary | More details |
|---|---|---|
| 1990s | Technological Context | The development of the World Wide Web leads to several attempts at creating online encyclopedias, setting the stage for the eventual success of Wikipedia. |
Full timeline
- We do not include:
- Controversies: see List of Wikipedia controversies
| Year | Month and date | Event type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1857 | November 5 | Speech | Richard Chenevix Trench delivers a speech at the London Library on Guy Fawkes Day, proposing the creation of a new grand dictionary of every word in the English language. He emphasizes the need for a large, unpaid volunteer team to compile this work, a concept that parallels Wikipedia's reliance on volunteer contributors. |
| 1910 | – | Institution Establishment | Paul Otlet founds the Mundaneum, an institution dedicated to indexing the world's knowledge. This marks a significant step towards creating a global repository of information, paving the way for future encyclopedic efforts like Wikipedia. |
| 1928 | – | Project Completion | After nearly 70 years of collaborative effort, the *Oxford English Dictionary* is completed. This massive project, driven by volunteers, demonstrates that large-scale, volunteer-driven knowledge projects were possible long before the advent of the internet. |
| 1934 | – | Publication | Paul Otlet publishes *Traité de Documentation*, in which he explores the idea of using automated technology beyond the printing press to build a more useful, machine-assisted encyclopedia. This concept would influence later digital knowledge projects. |
| 1938 | – | Concept Proposal | H. G. Wells expands on Otlet's ideas in his book of essays *World Brain*, proposing the creation of a global encyclopedia that could serve as a repository for human knowledge and wisdom, an idea that anticipates the collaborative nature of Wikipedia. |
| 1945 | – | Essay Publication | Vannevar Bush publishes his influential essay *As We May Think*, in which he envisions the "Memex," a microfilm-based system that would allow users to store and retrieve vast amounts of information. This concept of a knowledge machine would later inspire developments in digital information storage, such as hypertext. |
| 1960 | – | Project Launch | Ted Nelson begins *Project Xanadu*, a pioneering hypertext design aimed at creating a global, interconnected library of information. This project is a precursor to the development of the internet and collaborative knowledge systems like Wikipedia. |
| 1993 | – | Concept Proposal | Rick Gates, a computer scientist and advocate for online information sharing, makes the earliest known proposal for an online encyclopedia. This proposal outlines the concept of a collaborative, digital resource where users can freely contribute and access knowledge, laying the foundation for later initiatives like Wikipedia. |
| 1993 | – | Encyclopedia Launch | Microsoft's *Encarta*, a CD-ROM-based encyclopedia, is published. It introduces hyperlinked articles, a significant departure from traditional book-based encyclopedias like the *Encyclopædia Britannica*. |
| 1998 | – | Concept Proposal | Richard Stallman, founder of the Free Software Foundation, proposes the idea of a "free-as-in-freedom" online encyclopedia. His vision includes the principle that no central authority should control editing or access, directly opposing the proprietary models of contemporaneous encyclopedias like Microsoft Encarta or Encyclopædia Britannica. |
| 1998 | – | Concept Proposal | Free software advocate Richard Stallman outlines the idea of a "Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource." He stresses the importance of creating a free, universally accessible encyclopedia to ensure continuous progress toward this ideal. |
| Late 1990s | – | Concept Development | Wikipedia co-founder Jimmy Wales is inspired by the open-source movement and Richard Stallman's *Emacs Manifesto*. As a graduate student at Indiana University, Wales is intrigued by the idea of volunteer-driven collaboration, which will later influence Wikipedia’s model. |
| 2000 | March | Encyclopedia Launch | Nupedia is launched by Jimmy Wales, Tim Shell, and Michael E. Davis under their web-advertising company, Bomis. The project aims to create a free online encyclopedia using qualified volunteers and a peer-reviewed multi-step editorial process. Despite having a mailing list of over 2,000 interested editors and Larry Sanger serving as full-time editor-in-chief, *Nupedia* struggles to produce content, with only 12 articles written during its first year. |
| 2001 | January 2 | Key Conversation | Larry Sanger learns about wikis during a dinner with Ben Kovitz, a programmer and regular on Ward Cunningham's WikiWikiWeb. Kovitz introduces Sanger to the concept of using wikis to organize knowledge, an idea that would soon shape the future of Wikipedia. |
| 2001 | January 10 | Proposal | Larry Sanger suggests on the *Nupedia* mailing list that a wiki-based platform be created as a feeder project to complement *Nupedia*. He proposes the use of the UseModWiki platform under the subject "Let's make a wiki." |
| 2001 | January 10 | Wiki Setup | Jimmy Wales sets up a wiki under the *nupedia.com* domain as a test project for rapid content creation. This marks the beginning of the wiki approach to encyclopedic content for *Nupedia*. |
| 2001 | January 13 | Domain Registration | The domain wikipedia.org is officially registered, signaling the creation of a new free-content encyclopedia. This event marks the beginning of what would become one of the most significant and widely-used knowledge repositories on the internet.
|
| 2001 | January 15 | First Edit | Wikipedia’s first edit is made, marking the platform's launch as a live site. Just two days after the domain registration, Wikipedia begins its journey as a space where volunteers from around the world can collaborate to create and edit articles, significantly lowering the barriers to contribution compared to Nupedia. |
| 2001 | January 15 | Wikipedia Launch | Wikipedia is launched by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger as a companion project to *Nupedia*. It allows for faster content creation by enabling volunteers to edit articles freely, using wiki software. This project rapidly overtakes *Nupedia* in content and activity. |
| 2001 | January 15 | Wikipedia Launch | Wikipedia is officially launched under the *wikipedia.com* domain as an independent project, separate from *Nupedia*, with the goal of allowing volunteers to edit articles more freely. |
| 2001 | January 17 | GNUPedia Launch | The Free Software Foundation's GNUPedia project goes online as a potential competitor to *Nupedia* and Wikipedia. Within a few years, the FSF encourages people to contribute to Wikipedia instead. |
| 2001 | February 12 | Milestone | Wikipedia reaches its 1,000th article. This demonstrates the rapid content growth compared to *Nupedia*, which had struggled to produce articles at a faster rate. |
| 2001 | March 16 | New Subdomains | The first non-English Wikipedia, the German Wikipedia (*deutsche.wikipedia.com*), is created at 01:38 UTC. This is followed a few hours later by the Catalan Wikipedia (*catalan.wikipedia.com*) at 13:07 UTC. |
| 2001 | March | New Subdomain | The Japanese Wikipedia (*nihongo.wikipedia.com*) is created, initially using Romanized Japanese. |
| 2001 | May 11 | New Subdomain | The French Wikipedia is created, followed by the introduction of other languages such as Chinese, Dutch, Esperanto, Hebrew, Italian, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, and Swedish. |
| 2001 | July 25 | Traffic Increase | Wikipedia receives a large influx of traffic after being mentioned on the technology website *Slashdot*. This is followed by further exposure from *Kuro5hin*, which brings more participants and attention to the project. |
| 2001 | – | Licensing Change | The license for Wikipedia’s predecessor, Nupedia, is changed to the GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL), which allows content to be freely used, modified, and shared. This open license becomes a cornerstone for Wikipedia’s ethos of free knowledge, encouraging broad participation and redistribution. |
| 2001 | September 7 | Milestone | Wikipedia reaches 10,000 articles, highlighting the continued success and growth of the project in just eight months. |
| 2001 | September 20 | Media Coverage | *The New York Times* covers Wikipedia, marking its first major mainstream media recognition. This coverage increases its visibility and legitimacy. |
| 2001 | September | Announcement | Wikipedia commits to providing multilingual versions, aiming to roll out Wikipedias for all major languages, set core standards, and translate core pages for the new wikis. |
| 2001 | December | New Subdomains | Afrikaans, Norwegian, and Serbian Wikipedia versions are announced as international statistics begin to be logged. |
| 2002 | January | Milestone | 90% of all Wikipedia articles are in English. |
| 2002 | August 30 | Milestone | Wikipedia reaches 40,000 articles, having grown at a rate of over 1,500 articles per month during its first year of existence. |
| 2004 | January | Milestone | The percentage of English articles falls below 50%, as non-English language versions continue to grow. |
| 2014 | – | Reader Statistics | By this year, Wikipedia attracts approximately 495 million monthly readers worldwide, reflecting its status as a major source of free information on the web. This level of readership showcases its vast reach and the growing public reliance on the site for accurate, up-to-date knowledge. |
| 2014 | Milestone | About 85% of all Wikipedia articles are in non-English versions, marking the significant internationalization of the project. | |
| 2015 | – | Visitor Statistics | According to comScore, Wikipedia achieves over 115 million monthly unique visitors from the United States alone in 2015. This figure highlights the platform’s popularity in one of the largest internet markets and its role as a key player in digital education and information dissemination. |
| 2018 | September | Page Views | Wikipedia and its associated projects receive 15.5 billion monthly page views. This surge in traffic illustrates the platform’s enduring significance and widespread use across various languages and regions, underscoring its role as one of the world’s most important online resources. |
| 2023 | Milestone | Roughly 90% of all Wikipedia articles are in non-English Wikipedias, though the English and Simple English versions together have 7 million articles. |
Meta information on the timeline
How the timeline was built
The initial version of the timeline was written by FIXME.
Funding information for this timeline is available.
Feedback and comments
Feedback for the timeline can be provided at the following places:
- FIXME
What the timeline is still missing
- feature/update
- language versions
- userbase evolution
- research
- criticism (e.g. by notable people)
- public opinion
- government intervention
- notable policies by the Wikipedia community and the Wikimedia Foundation
- controversies
- references to Wikipedia in popular culture
- philosophies among Wikipedians (e.g. inclusionism vs exclusionism)
- competition
- awards
- parodies
- other
