Difference between revisions of "Timeline of antibiotics"

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| 1963 || || Weinstein and his colleagues from the [[w:Schering-Plough|Schering Corporation]] describe the first isolation of the {{w|gentamicin}} complex.<ref name="Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology"/><ref>{{cite book|title=Advances in Applied Microbiology, Volume 18|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=4e3RAZyEf3IC&pg=PA203&dq=%22in+1963%22+%22gentamicin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjj1uS7mY7aAhXDkJAKHY7kCS8Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201963%22%20%22gentamicin%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Eardley|first1=Ian|last2=Whelan|first2=Peter|last3=Kirby|first3=Roger|last4=Schaeffer|first4=Anthony|title=Drug Treatment in Urology|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=S903KFrQAC8C&pg=PA97&dq=%22in+1963%22+%22gentamicin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjj1uS7mY7aAhXDkJAKHY7kCS8Q6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201963%22%20%22gentamicin%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Antimicrobials: Synthetic and Natural Compounds|edition=Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran, Nooruddin Thajuddin, A. Panneerselvam|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=HZLwCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA102&dq=%22in+1963%22+%22gentamicin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjj1uS7mY7aAhXDkJAKHY7kCS8Q6AEIMjAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201963%22%20%22gentamicin%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
 
| 1963 || || Weinstein and his colleagues from the [[w:Schering-Plough|Schering Corporation]] describe the first isolation of the {{w|gentamicin}} complex.<ref name="Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology"/><ref>{{cite book|title=Advances in Applied Microbiology, Volume 18|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=4e3RAZyEf3IC&pg=PA203&dq=%22in+1963%22+%22gentamicin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjj1uS7mY7aAhXDkJAKHY7kCS8Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22in%201963%22%20%22gentamicin%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Eardley|first1=Ian|last2=Whelan|first2=Peter|last3=Kirby|first3=Roger|last4=Schaeffer|first4=Anthony|title=Drug Treatment in Urology|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=S903KFrQAC8C&pg=PA97&dq=%22in+1963%22+%22gentamicin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjj1uS7mY7aAhXDkJAKHY7kCS8Q6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201963%22%20%22gentamicin%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Antimicrobials: Synthetic and Natural Compounds|edition=Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran, Nooruddin Thajuddin, A. Panneerselvam|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=HZLwCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA102&dq=%22in+1963%22+%22gentamicin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjj1uS7mY7aAhXDkJAKHY7kCS8Q6AEIMjAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201963%22%20%22gentamicin%22&f=false}}</ref> || {{w|United States}}
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| 1964 || || Antibiotic {{w|cephalosporins}} is introduced.<ref name="Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology"/> ||
 
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| 1964 || || Antibiotic {{w|vancomycin}} is introduced.<ref name="Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology"/> ||
 
 
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| 1965 || || {{w|Dicloxacillin}} is synthesized by {{w|Bayer}}.<ref>{{cite book|last1=McGuire|first1=John L.|title=Pharmaceuticals, 4 Volume Set|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=uG9qAAAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1965%22+%22Dicloxacillin%22&dq=%22in+1965%22+%22Dicloxacillin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjbwLDuxoPaAhWLzVMKHVNuDecQ6AEIKDAA}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Kuemmerle|first1=Helmut Paul|title=Clinical Chemotherapy: Antimicrobial Chemotherapy|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=tAZtAAAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1965%22+%22Dicloxacillin%22&dq=%22in+1965%22+%22Dicloxacillin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjbwLDuxoPaAhWLzVMKHVNuDecQ6AEIOjAE}}</ref><ref name="Advances in Drug Research, Volume 7"/> ||  
 
| 1965 || || {{w|Dicloxacillin}} is synthesized by {{w|Bayer}}.<ref>{{cite book|last1=McGuire|first1=John L.|title=Pharmaceuticals, 4 Volume Set|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=uG9qAAAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1965%22+%22Dicloxacillin%22&dq=%22in+1965%22+%22Dicloxacillin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjbwLDuxoPaAhWLzVMKHVNuDecQ6AEIKDAA}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Kuemmerle|first1=Helmut Paul|title=Clinical Chemotherapy: Antimicrobial Chemotherapy|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=tAZtAAAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1965%22+%22Dicloxacillin%22&dq=%22in+1965%22+%22Dicloxacillin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjbwLDuxoPaAhWLzVMKHVNuDecQ6AEIOjAE}}</ref><ref name="Advances in Drug Research, Volume 7"/> ||  
 
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| 1966 || || Antibiotic {{w|doxycycline}} is introduced.<ref name="Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology"/> ||
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| 1966 || || Antibiotic {{w|doxycycline}} is introduced.<ref name="Neonatal and Pediatric Pharmacology: Therapeutic Principles in Practice">{{cite book|last1=Yaffe|first1=Sumner J.|last2=Aranda|first2=Jacob V.|title=Neonatal and Pediatric Pharmacology: Therapeutic Principles in Practice|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=1e2-yggGeUIC&pg=PA456&dq=%22in+1966%22+%22doxycycline%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwje2ra1oY7aAhVEHJAKHRw4AZYQ6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%201966%22%20%22doxycycline%22&f=false}}</ref><ref name="Hugo and Russell's Pharmaceutical Microbiology">{{cite book|last1=Denyer|first1=Stephen P.|last2=Hodges|first2=Norman A.|last3=Gorman|first3=Sean P.|last4=Gilmore|first4=Brendan F.|title=Hugo and Russell's Pharmaceutical Microbiology|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=JSebRbvrkmUC&pg=PT241&dq=%22in+1966%22+%22doxycycline%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwje2ra1oY7aAhVEHJAKHRw4AZYQ6AEIMjAC#v=onepage&q=%22in%201966%22%20%22doxycycline%22&f=false}}</ref><ref name="Neuroinflammation in Stroke">{{cite book|last1=Dirnagl|first1=Ulrich|last2=Elger|first2=Bernd|title=Neuroinflammation in Stroke|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=3-cYLFPhTz0C&pg=PA101&dq=%22in+1966%22+%22doxycycline%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwje2ra1oY7aAhVEHJAKHRw4AZYQ6AEIQTAF#v=onepage&q=%22in%201966%22%20%22doxycycline%22&f=false}}</ref><ref name="Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology"/> ||
 
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| 1970 || || Non-toxic semi-synthetic acid-resistant {{w|isoxazolyl}} penicillin {{w|flucloxacillin}} is introduced into clinical practice.<ref name="Advances in Drug Research, Volume 7">{{cite book|last1=Harper|first1=N. J.|last2=Simmonds|first2=Alma B.|title=Advances in Drug Research, Volume 7|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=wy7VAAAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1950..1970%22+%22flucloxacillin%22&dq=%22in+1950..1970%22+%22flucloxacillin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjV1deAxYPaAhXRq1MKHeVdDP0Q6AEILjAB}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Neonatal Formulary|publisher=BMJ Books, 2000|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=1AxMAQAAIAAJ&q=%22in+1950..1970%22+%22flucloxacillin%22&dq=%22in+1950..1970%22+%22flucloxacillin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjV1deAxYPaAhXRq1MKHeVdDP0Q6AEIPjAF}}</ref> ||
 
| 1970 || || Non-toxic semi-synthetic acid-resistant {{w|isoxazolyl}} penicillin {{w|flucloxacillin}} is introduced into clinical practice.<ref name="Advances in Drug Research, Volume 7">{{cite book|last1=Harper|first1=N. J.|last2=Simmonds|first2=Alma B.|title=Advances in Drug Research, Volume 7|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=wy7VAAAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1950..1970%22+%22flucloxacillin%22&dq=%22in+1950..1970%22+%22flucloxacillin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjV1deAxYPaAhXRq1MKHeVdDP0Q6AEILjAB}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Neonatal Formulary|publisher=BMJ Books, 2000|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=1AxMAQAAIAAJ&q=%22in+1950..1970%22+%22flucloxacillin%22&dq=%22in+1950..1970%22+%22flucloxacillin%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjV1deAxYPaAhXRq1MKHeVdDP0Q6AEIPjAF}}</ref> ||
 
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| 1971 || || Antibiotic {{w|rifampicin}} is introduced.<ref name="Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology"/> ||
 
| 1971 || || Antibiotic {{w|rifampicin}} is introduced.<ref name="Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology"/> ||
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| 1972 || || Antibiotic {{w|minocycline}} is discovered.<ref name="Neonatal and Pediatric Pharmacology: Therapeutic Principles in Practice"/><ref name="Hugo and Russell's Pharmaceutical Microbiology"/><ref name="Neuroinflammation in Stroke"/>
 
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| 1974 || || Antibiotic {{w|co-trimoxazole}} is introduced.<ref name="Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology"/> ||
 
| 1974 || || Antibiotic {{w|co-trimoxazole}} is introduced.<ref name="Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology"/> ||

Revision as of 21:24, 27 March 2018

This is a timeline of FIXME.

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Time period Development summary More details

Full timeline

Year Event type Details Geographical location
1932 German pathologist Gerhard Domagk develops prontosil, the first sulphonamide microbial.[1][2][3] Germany
1942 Penicillin is introduced.[3]
1943 Streptomycin is introduced. It is the first antibiotic effective against tuberculosis.[4][5][6][3]
1945 The cephalosporins are discovered from a fungus, Cephalosporium acremonium, in seawater samples near a sewage outfall in Sardinia.[3][7][8][9] Italy
1947 Chloramphenicol is isolated from the soil organism Streptomyces venezuelae. Merketed in 1949, its use would quickly become widespread due to its broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity.[10][11][12][13]
1947 American plant physiologist Benjamin Minge Duggar isolates chlortetracycline from a Missouri River mud sample. It is the first tetracycline introduced.[14][15][16][17] United States
1949 Jewish-American biochemist Selman Waksman and Hubert A. Lechevalier first isolate neomycin, as aminoglycoside antibiotic found in many topical medications such as creams, ointments, and eyedrops.[18][19][20] United States
1952 Eli Lilly and Company introduces erythromycin, an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, skin infections, chlamydia infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, and syphilis.[21][22][23] United States
1956 Research team at the Lilly Biological Laboratories in Indiana first isolates vancomycin from bacterium streplomyces orienlalis. Vancomycin is used as a treatment for complicated skin infections, bloodstream infections, endocarditis, bone and joint infections, and meningitis caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus.[3][24][25][26] United States
1961 Antibiotic ampicillin is introduced. Within a short time it would become the drug of choice for treatment of Hemophilus influenzae meningitis.[27][28][29][3]
1963 Weinstein and his colleagues from the Schering Corporation describe the first isolation of the gentamicin complex.[3][30][31][32] United States
1965 Dicloxacillin is synthesized by Bayer.[33][34][35]
1966 Antibiotic doxycycline is introduced.[36][37][38][3]
1970 Non-toxic semi-synthetic acid-resistant isoxazolyl penicillin flucloxacillin is introduced into clinical practice.[35][39]
1971 Antibiotic rifampicin is introduced.[3]
1972 Antibiotic minocycline is discovered.[36][37][38]
1974 Antibiotic co-trimoxazole is introduced.[3]
1976 Antibiotic amikacin is introduced.[3]
1984 Antibiotic ampicillin/clavulanate is introduced.[3]
1987 Antibiotic imipenem/cilastin is introduced.[3]
1987 Antibiotic ciprofloxacin is introduced.[3]
1993 Antibiotics azithromycin and clarithromycin are introduced.[3]
1999 Antibiotic quinupristin/dalfopristin is introduced.[3]
2000 Antibiotic linezolid is introduced.[3]
2003 Antibiotic daptomycin is introduced.[3]
2004 Antibiotic telithromycin is introduced.[3]
2005 Antibiotic tigecycline is introduced.[3]

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The initial version of the timeline was written by FIXME.

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What the timeline is still missing

[1], [2]

Timeline update strategy

See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ Ravina, Enrique. The Evolution of Drug Discovery: From Traditional Medicines to Modern Drugs. 
  2. ↑ Savona-Ventura, Charles. Contemporary Medicine in Malta [1798-1979]. 
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 Torok, Estee; Moran, Ed; Cooke, Fiona. Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology. 
  4. ↑ Lorian, Victor. Antibiotics in Laboratory Medicine. 
  5. ↑ Morabia, Alfredo. Enigmas of Health and Disease: How Epidemiology Helps Unravel Scientific Mysteries. 
  6. ↑ Cumo, Christopher Martin. The Ongoing Columbian Exchange: Stories of Biological and Economic Transfer in World History: Stories of Biological and Economic Transfer in World History. 
  7. ↑ Stephanie Watts; Faingold, Carl; Dunaway, George; Crespo, Lynn. Brody's Human Pharmacology - E-Book. 
  8. ↑ Riviere, Jim E.; Papich, Mark G. Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 
  9. ↑ Bennett, Peter N.; Brown, Morris J. Clinical Pharmacology E-Book: With STUDENTCONSULT Access. 
  10. ↑ Kacew, Sam. Drug Toxicity and Metabolism in Pediatrics. 
  11. ↑ Riviere, Jim E.; Papich, Mark G. Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 
  12. ↑ Shapiro, Stuart. Regulation of Secondary Metabolism in Actinomycetes. 
  13. ↑ Aschenbrenner, Diane S.; Venable, Samantha J. Drug Therapy in Nursing. 
  14. ↑ Dougherty, Thomas J.; Pucci, Michael J. Antibiotic Discovery and Development. 
  15. ↑ Kokate, Chandrakant; Jalalpure, SS; Pramod, H.J. Textbook of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - E-Book. 
  16. ↑ Advances in Pharmacology and Chemotherapy. 
  17. ↑ McKenna, John. Natural Alternatives to Antibiotics – Revised and Updated: How to treat infections without antibiotics. 
  18. ↑ Schindel, Leo. Unexpected Reactions to Modern Therapeutics: Antibiotics. 
  19. ↑ Grayson, M Lindsay; Crowe, Suzanne M; McCarthy, James S; Mills, John; Mouton, Johan W; Norrby, S Ragnar; Paterson, David L; Pfaller, Michael A. Kucers' The Use of Antibiotics Sixth Edition: A Clinical Review of Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antiviral Drugs. 
  20. ↑ Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry, Volume 18. 
  21. ↑ Rubin, Bruce K.; Tamaoki, Jun. Antibiotics as Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Agents. 
  22. ↑ Piscitelli, Stephen C.; Rodvold, Keith A.; Pai, Manjunath P. Drug Interactions in Infectious Diseases. 
  23. ↑ Nightingale; Mur. Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics in Theory and Clinical Practice, Second Edition. 
  24. ↑ Staphylococci in Human Disease (Kent B. Crossley, Kimberly K. Jefferson, Gordon L. Archer, Vance G. Fowler ed.). 
  25. ↑ Antibiotics Annual. 
  26. ↑ Hejzlar, Miroslav. Advances in Antimicrobial and Antineoplastic Chemotherapy: Progress in Research and Clinical Application: pt. 1-2. Antimicrobial chemotherapy. 
  27. ↑ Atta-ur-Rahman. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Volume 56. 
  28. ↑ Thompson, R.A.; Green, John R. Infectious Diseases of the Central Nervous System. 
  29. ↑ Fifty Years of Antimicrobials: Past Perspectives and Future Trends. Society for General Microbiology. Symposium. 
  30. ↑ Advances in Applied Microbiology, Volume 18. 
  31. ↑ Eardley, Ian; Whelan, Peter; Kirby, Roger; Schaeffer, Anthony. Drug Treatment in Urology. 
  32. ↑ Antimicrobials: Synthetic and Natural Compounds (Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran, Nooruddin Thajuddin, A. Panneerselvam ed.). 
  33. ↑ McGuire, John L. Pharmaceuticals, 4 Volume Set. 
  34. ↑ Kuemmerle, Helmut Paul. Clinical Chemotherapy: Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 Harper, N. J.; Simmonds, Alma B. Advances in Drug Research, Volume 7. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 Yaffe, Sumner J.; Aranda, Jacob V. Neonatal and Pediatric Pharmacology: Therapeutic Principles in Practice. 
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 Denyer, Stephen P.; Hodges, Norman A.; Gorman, Sean P.; Gilmore, Brendan F. Hugo and Russell's Pharmaceutical Microbiology. 
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 Dirnagl, Ulrich; Elger, Bernd. Neuroinflammation in Stroke. 
  39. ↑ Neonatal Formulary. BMJ Books, 2000. 
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