Difference between revisions of "Timeline of silicon"
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| 1824 || || Swedish chemist {{w|Jöns Jacob Berzelius}} discovers silicon by heating chips of potassium in a silica container and then carefully washing away the residual by-products.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Element Silicon |url=https://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele014.html |website=education.jlab.org |accessdate=18 June 2018}}</ref> || | | 1824 || || Swedish chemist {{w|Jöns Jacob Berzelius}} discovers silicon by heating chips of potassium in a silica container and then carefully washing away the residual by-products.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Element Silicon |url=https://education.jlab.org/itselemental/ele014.html |website=education.jlab.org |accessdate=18 June 2018}}</ref> || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 1854 || || | + | | 1854 || || French chemist {{w|Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville}} first prepares crystaline silicon, the second allotropic form of the element.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Haynes |first1=William M. |title=CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 93rd Edition |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=c1rNBQAAQBAJ&pg=SA4-PA33&dq=%22in+1811%22+%22gay+lussac%22+%22silicon%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwidnLHi4N3bAhVEj5AKHXjQDzYQ6AEINjAD#v=onepage&q=%22in%201811%22%20%22gay%20lussac%22%20%22silicon%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Berger |first1=Lev I. |title=Semiconductor Materials |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Ty5Ymlg_Mh0C&pg=PA56&lpg=PA56&dq=%22crystalline+silicon%22+%22deville%22&source=bl&ots=K6Y9sBQdVt&sig=21urOE2TtOm4zM3ApEZNgDmOoB4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi4-sCp493bAhVGfpAKHRiPC18Q6AEIcDAK#v=onepage&q=%22crystalline%20silicon%22%20%22deville%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Enghag |first1=Per |title=Encyclopedia of the Elements: Technical Data - History - Processing - Applications |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=I-vvAAAAMAAJ&q=%22in+1854%22+%22berzelius%22+%22silicon%22&dq=%22in+1854%22+%22berzelius%22+%22silicon%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiYkNXE693bAhUJiJAKHRuNDjMQ6AEIRDAF}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Fantasy & Science Fiction, Volume 63, Issues 374-379 |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=wepLAAAAYAAJ&q=%22in+1854%22+%22berzelius%22+%22silicon%22&dq=%22in+1854%22+%22berzelius%22+%22silicon%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiYkNXE693bAhUJiJAKHRuNDjMQ6AEIQDAE}}</ref> || |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 1857 || || | + | | 1857 || || {{w|Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville}} and German chemist {{w|Friedrich Wöhler}} discover silicon nitride.<ref name="Ceramic Materials: Science and Engineering">{{cite book |last1=Carter |first1=C. Barry |last2=Norton |first2=M. Grant |title=Ceramic Materials: Science and Engineering |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=aE_VQ8I24OoC&pg=PA27&dq=%22W%C3%B6hler%22+%22deville%22+%22silicon+nitride%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjolubZ593bAhWElJAKHTgaAnsQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22W%C3%B6hler%22%20%22deville%22%20%22silicon%20nitride%22&f=false}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Keen |first1=Robin |title=The life and works of Friedrich Wöhler (1800-1882) |url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=k1AaAQAAMAAJ&q=%22W%C3%B6hler%22+%22deville%22+%22silicon+nitride%22&dq=%22W%C3%B6hler%22+%22deville%22+%22silicon+nitride%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjolubZ593bAhWElJAKHTgaAnsQ6AEILzAB}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lange |first1=Horst |last2=Wötting |first2=Gerhard |last3=Winter |first3=Gerhard |title=Silicon Nitride—From Powder Synthesis to Ceramic Materials |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/anie.199115791}}</ref> || |
|- | |- | ||
| 1948 – 1952 || || American Carborundum Company applies for several patents on the manufacture and application of silicon nitride.<ref name="Ceramic Materials: Science and Engineering"/> || | | 1948 – 1952 || || American Carborundum Company applies for several patents on the manufacture and application of silicon nitride.<ref name="Ceramic Materials: Science and Engineering"/> || | ||
Revision as of 10:31, 18 June 2018
This is a timeline of silicon.
Contents
Big picture
| Time period | Development summary | More details |
|---|
Full timeline
| Year | Event type | Details | Country/region |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1787 | Antoine Lavoisier first identifies silicon.[1] | ||
| 1811 | Joseph Gay Lussac and Louis Jacques Thénard react silicon tetrachloride with potassium metal and produce some very impure form of silicon.[2][1] | ||
| 1824 | Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius discovers silicon by heating chips of potassium in a silica container and then carefully washing away the residual by-products.[3] | ||
| 1854 | French chemist Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville first prepares crystaline silicon, the second allotropic form of the element.[4][5][6][7] | ||
| 1857 | Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville and German chemist Friedrich Wöhler discover silicon nitride.[8][9][10] | ||
| 1948 – 1952 | American Carborundum Company applies for several patents on the manufacture and application of silicon nitride.[8] | ||
| 1955 | The first working silicon transistor is developed at Bell Labs by Morris Tanenbaum. |
Meta information on the timeline
How the timeline was built
The initial version of the timeline was written by FIXME.
Funding information for this timeline is available.
Feedback and comments
Feedback for the timeline can be provided at the following places:
- FIXME
What the timeline is still missing
[1], [2] [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13]
Timeline update strategy
See also
External links
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Chemical Elements.
- ↑ "Silicon". rsc.org. Retrieved 18 June 2018.
- ↑ "The Element Silicon". education.jlab.org. Retrieved 18 June 2018.
- ↑ Haynes, William M. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 93rd Edition.
- ↑ Berger, Lev I. Semiconductor Materials.
- ↑ Enghag, Per. Encyclopedia of the Elements: Technical Data - History - Processing - Applications.
- ↑ Fantasy & Science Fiction, Volume 63, Issues 374-379.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Carter, C. Barry; Norton, M. Grant. Ceramic Materials: Science and Engineering.
- ↑ Keen, Robin. The life and works of Friedrich Wöhler (1800-1882).
- ↑ Lange, Horst; Wötting, Gerhard; Winter, Gerhard. "Silicon Nitride—From Powder Synthesis to Ceramic Materials".
