Difference between revisions of "Timeline of online food delivery"

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|2004|| || Launch || Online food ordering || [[wikipedia:GrubHub|GrubHub]], an online restaurant delivery service, is founded in 2004 by two web developers, Matt Maloney and Mike Evans, who were looking for an alternative to paper menus.<ref name="MyUser_Businessinsider.com_January_8_2016c">{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/grubhubs-ceo-on-the-shock-of-outgrowing-three-offices-in-a-few-short-years-2012-2 |title=GrubHub's CEO On The Shock Of Outgrowing Three Offices In A Few Short Years - Business Insider |newspaper=Businessinsider.com |date=  |author= |accessdate= January 8, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=How I Did It: Matt Maloney of GrubHub and Seamless |url=https://www.inc.com/magazine/201411/liz-welch/how-i-did-it-matt-maloney-of-grubhub-and-seamless.html |website=inc.com |accessdate=22 July 2019}}</ref>
 
|2004|| || Launch || Online food ordering || [[wikipedia:GrubHub|GrubHub]], an online restaurant delivery service, is founded in 2004 by two web developers, Matt Maloney and Mike Evans, who were looking for an alternative to paper menus.<ref name="MyUser_Businessinsider.com_January_8_2016c">{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/grubhubs-ceo-on-the-shock-of-outgrowing-three-offices-in-a-few-short-years-2012-2 |title=GrubHub's CEO On The Shock Of Outgrowing Three Offices In A Few Short Years - Business Insider |newspaper=Businessinsider.com |date=  |author= |accessdate= January 8, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=How I Did It: Matt Maloney of GrubHub and Seamless |url=https://www.inc.com/magazine/201411/liz-welch/how-i-did-it-matt-maloney-of-grubhub-and-seamless.html |website=inc.com |accessdate=22 July 2019}}</ref>
 
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| 2004 || Launch || Online food ordering || {{w|Talabat}} launches in {{w|Kuwait}}. It is the largest online food ordering platform in the {{w|Middle East}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Meals On Wheels: Internet To Table In The Middle East |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/knowledgewharton/2015/11/19/meals-on-wheels-internet-to-table-in-the-middle-east/#5ffe3a7876c3 |website=forbes.com |accessdate=22 July 2019}}</ref>  
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| 2004 || || Launch || Online food ordering || {{w|Talabat}} launches in {{w|Kuwait}}. It is the largest online food ordering platform in the {{w|Middle East}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Meals On Wheels: Internet To Table In The Middle East |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/knowledgewharton/2015/11/19/meals-on-wheels-internet-to-table-in-the-middle-east/#5ffe3a7876c3 |website=forbes.com |accessdate=22 July 2019}}</ref>  
 
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| 2004 || ||Launch || Online food ordering || {{w|delivery.com}} launches.<ref>{{cite web |title=delivery.com |url=https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/delivery-com#section-overview |website=crunchbase.com |accessdate=21 July 2019}}</ref>
 
| 2004 || ||Launch || Online food ordering || {{w|delivery.com}} launches.<ref>{{cite web |title=delivery.com |url=https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/delivery-com#section-overview |website=crunchbase.com |accessdate=21 July 2019}}</ref>

Revision as of 05:21, 22 July 2019

The content on this page is forked from the English Wikipedia page entitled "Timeline of online food delivery". The original page still exists at Timeline of online food delivery. The original content was released under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License (CC-BY-SA), so this page inherits this license. This page has been edited significantly on the Timelines Wiki after forking and may differ significantly from the current version on Wikipedia.

This is a timeline of online food delivery.

Big picture

Time period Key developments in online food delivery
1996–2001 This era is characterized by the rise of the Internet, the dotcom boom and the subsequent crash. Dotcom startups like Webvan, HomeGrocer, and Kozmo started online grocery delivery, but ended up closing in 2001 after the dotcom crash. Seamless is also founded.
2001–2010 GrubHub is founded. By the late 2000s, major pizza chains have created their own mobile applications and started doing 20-30% of their business online.[1]
2011–2015 With increased smartphone penetration, and the growth of both Uber and the sharing economy, food delivery startups start to receive more attention again. This era is associated with the founding of Caviar and Instacart.[2] By 2015, online ordering is about to overtake phone ordering.[3] But by September, online delivery still accounted for just about 3 percent of the 61 billion U.S. restaurant "visits" or transactions.[4]
2016 This period sees the shutdown of many online food ordering and delivery services, with the services engaged in food preparation seeing the hardest hits. SpoonRocket, Din, and Bento shut down, while services such as Sprig and Munchery undergo belt-tightening.
2017 DoorDash and Eat24 both partner with robot delivery companies (Starship Technologies and Marble respectively), and some observers see robot delivery as a necessary component of a sustainable and defensible business model for online food delivery.

Full timeline

Year Month and date (if available) Event type Organization type Details
1989 Launch Grocery delivery Peapod, which pioneers the online grocery delivery concept, is foundedby Andrew and Thomas Parkinson in Evanston, IL.[5]
1994 January Going online Fast food chain "PizzaNet" – Pizza Hut’s digital ordering hub, launches, and accepts the first-ever online order, a large pepperoni, mushroom and extra cheese pizza.[6]
1995 Launch World Wide Waiter (now known as Waiter.com), launches as the first online food ordering service.[7] The site originally services only northern California, later expanding to several additional cities in the United States.[8]
1996 July Launch Grocery delivery Webvan, an online grocery delivery service, is founded by Louis Borders. It IPOs on November 5, 1999.[9]
1998 March Launch Multi-purpose delivery Kozmo, an online delivery services for many services (including groceries) founded.[10]
1999 Launch Online food ordering Takeaway.com launches in the Netherlands.
1999 December 1 Launch Online food ordering SeamlessWeb is founded in order to provide companies with a web-based system for ordering food from restaurants and caterers.[11]
2000 June 26 Merger/acquisition Grocery delivery Webvan buys out HomeGrocer.[12]
2000 Launch Online food ordering Yemeksepeti launches in Turkey. As of 2019, it is the biggest online delivery portal in the country.[13]
2001 April 12 Shutdown Multi-purpose delivery Kozmo shuts down.[14] The company had made profits in New York, Boston and San Francisco in December and secured $25 million in investments prior to shutdown.
2001 July Shutdown Grocery delivery Webvan shuts down.[15]
2001 Going online Fast food chain Papa John's pizza launches online ordering.[16]
2001 Launch Online food ordering Just Eat launches.
2002 March Going online Grocery store Safeway begins delivering online grocery orders.[17]
2004 Launch Online food ordering GrubHub, an online restaurant delivery service, is founded in 2004 by two web developers, Matt Maloney and Mike Evans, who were looking for an alternative to paper menus.[18][19]
2004 Launch Online food ordering Talabat launches in Kuwait. It is the largest online food ordering platform in the Middle East.[20]
2004 Launch Online food ordering delivery.com launches.[21]
2004 Snapfinger is founded as a restaurant search and remote ordering site for take-out, delivery and catering.[22]
2007 August Launch (subsidiary) Grocery delivery AmazonFresh initially offers home grocery delivery to residents of the Seattle suburb of Mercer Island in an invitation-only beta test in August 2007.[23]
2008 March 1 Launch Online food ordering Eat24hours, an online restaurant delivery service, is founded.[24]
2008 July Launch Restaurant search and discovery service Zomato is founded in India.
2008 Online food delivery Ele.me launches in China.
2009 January Launch Catering service ZeroCater, a startup for delivering catered food to businesses, is founded.[25][26]
2009 July Product enhancement Fast food chain Pizza Hut launches a free iPhone application today that offers mobile ordering and games to play while one waits for delivery.[27]
2009 August Launch Catering service Roaming Hunger, a website for finding food trucks, launches the first website dedicated to booking catering from food trucks at any location.[28]
2009 Launch Point of sale Upserve launches.
2010 Launch Online food ordering and delivery EatStreet launches in Wisconsin.
2010 Launch Online food ordering OpenRest launches.
2010 Launch Online food ordering Slice launches.
2011 March Launch Food preparation, online food ordering, and delivery Munchery, a service that allows people to order food online from professional chefs and have it delivered, launches in private beta. The company was formally founded four months ago, in November 2010.[29]
2011 May 1 Launch Online grocery delivery Postmates launches.
2011 HelloFresh launches in Germany.
2011 August OrderAhead is founded.
2012 Launch Meal kit delivery Blue Apron launches. The company delivers meal kits to people for home food preparation.[30][31]
2012 February Launch Online food ordering and delivery DoorDash, which would later become a Y-Combinator summer 2013 food delivery company, issues its first delivery.[32]
2012 March Launch Online platform ChowNow launches as an online platform for restaurant pick-up and delivery.
2012 July 1 Launch Online food ordering and delivery Instacart, which offers an app that lets users order groceries and delivers them, is founded.[33]
2012 September 12 Launch Online food ordering and delivery Caviar launches, and starts off offering delivery in the San Francisco area from high-end restaurants rated 4-stars or higher on Yelp.[34]
2012 Toast, Inc. launches.
2012 Launch Online food ordering Foodpanda is founded in Germany.
2012 Launch Meal delivery services Gousto launches in the United Kingdom.
2012 Launch Meal delivery services Plated launches. It specializes in meal kits.
2013 April Launch Food preparation, online food ordering, and delivery Sprig, a delivery service for healthy meals, launches in San Francisco.[35]
2013 June Launch Food preparation, online food ordering, and delivery SpoonRocket, a Y-Combinator-backed company for delivering fast food meals, is founded.[36]
2013 June Expansion Grocery delivery AmazonFresh expands out to Los Angeles.[37] It would later expand out to San Francisco by December 2013.
2013 June Launch Meal delivery services Home Chef launches.
2013 August Merger/acquisition Online food ordering Seamless and GrubHub merge.[38]
2013 Launch Online food delivery Deliveroo is founded.
2013 Launch Digital convenience delivery service goPuff is founded.
2014 Early Launch Food delivery and restaurant Hello Curry launches in India.
2014 February Foodora is founded in Germany.
2014 August 4 Merger/acquisition Online food ordering and delivery Square acquires Caviar.[39]
2014 August Uber Eats launches in Los Angeles.[40]
2014 Launch Online restaurant food ordering Wolt is founded in Helsinki.
2015 February 10 Merger/acquisition Online food ordering Yelp acquires Eat24.[24]
2015 February 18 Launch (subsidiary) Online food ordering and delivery Uber launches into the food delivery space with UberEATS, starting off in Barcelona.[41]
2015 April 16 Market size Online food ordering and delivery Online food ordering business in India witnessing exponential growth. Organized food business reaches worth US$48 billion, of which food delivery is US$15 billion.[42] Several startups rose in 2015 including Zomato, TinyOwl, Swiggy, Innerchef, Food Panda, The First Meal and Fresh Menu with focus on apps.[43]
2015 April 28 Launch Food preparation, online food ordering, and delivery Prepared food delivery startup Maple launches in New York City. Like Sprig and SpoonRocket, Maple handles all aspects, from preparation to ordering to delivery.[44]
2015 October 5 Partnership Online food ordering and delivery Tapingo announces launch of large scale cooperation with Aramark to expand its services into many university campuses across the United States
2015 Online ordering begins overtaking phone ordering.[3]
2015 Launch Allset launches.
2016 March 15 Shutdown Food preparation, online food ordering, and delivery San Francisco Bay Area-focused on-demand delivery service SpoonRocket shuts down after failing to raise capital to continue operations, despite achieving unit economics profitability. It says it will transition customers to competitor Spring, which is offering SpoonRocket users a $10 discount.[45][46][47] The next day, it is announced that Brazilian food chain iFood is acquiring SpoonRocket for its technology.[48][49]
2016 September Delivery accounts for 1.7 billion restaurant transactions in the United States, or just about 3 percent of the 61 billion U.S. restaurant “visits” or transactions in the year that ended in September.[4]
2016 October 11 Acquisition (failed) Online food ordering and delivery Bloomberg reports that Square tried to sell Caviar (with Uber and GrubHub as potential suitors) but failed to agree on a price with either buyer, with Square proposing a price tag of $100 million. Caviar loses money, but Square (a public company) does not provide information on the extent of its losses.[50]
2016 October 25 Shutdown Meal kit delivery Recipe delivery service Din shuts down after failing to become profitable. Despite achieving profitability on a unit economics basis, it failed to make enough of a margin to offset operational overhead.[51]
2016 December 9 Shutdown Food preparation, online food ordering, and delivery Bento, a delivery service that provides pan-Asian cuisine, shuts down. Despite achieving unit economics profitability, the service has to shut down after running out of money and failing to raise more.[52] Upon shutdown, the co-founders share more information on the company's trajectory, struggles, mistakes, and difficult decision to shut down.[53] Prior to the shutdown, the company transitioned from high burn to profitability by transitioning from an on-demand delivery model to a catering model.[54]
2017 March 1 Acquisition Online food ordering and delivery Square, owner of online food ordering and delivery service Caviar, acquires online food ordering and delivery service OrderAhead. Simultaneously, Caviar launches a takeout service, a feature taken from its acquisition of OrderAhead.[55][56]
2017 March 21 Robot delivery Online food ordering and delivery DoorDash rolls out six delivery robots for use in California, following trials in Redwood City.[57] The delivery is in partnership with Starship Technologies, which is also partnering with courier service Postmates.[58]
2017 April 12 Robot delivery Online food ordering and delivery San Francisco-based startup Marble announces a partnership with Yelp's Eat24 where Marble's robots deliver food for partner restaurants, initially geographically limited to some parts of San Francisco. The robots are maintained by Marble, and initially have both a human chaperone and a remote person monitoring the robot.[59]
2017 May 8 Shutdown Food preparation, online food ordering, and delivery Prepared food delivery startup Maple, that had raised over $25 million, shuts down operations in New York City (the only place it had been running). Its technology would live on and be used by UK-based food delivery startup Deliveroo.[60][61][62]
2017 May 26 Shutdown Food preparation, online food ordering, and delivery Sprig shuts down after several months of struggling. Prior to shutting down, Sprig had closed its Chicago business, started using Caviar to deliver food, and started serving food to walk-in customers. The company had raised $56.7 million over its lifetime.[63][64]
2017 June 16 Acquisition Amazon announces it is acquiring Whole Foods for $13.4 billion. The move is seen as potentially affecting food delivery, combining a huge physical store presence with an online delivery network.[65][66]
2017 June 29 IPO Meal kit delivery Blue Apron IPOs at a price of $10 per share, selling 3 million shares in the IPO.[67][68] The price falls to about $6 within a few weeks, with Amazon's purchase of Whole Foods and its patent for prepared food kits cited as reasons.[69][70]

References

  1. ↑ "Why Pizza Giants Want Customers to Click, Not Call, for Delivery". Adage.com. Retrieved January 10, 2016. 
  2. ↑ "Delivery Start-Ups Are Back Like It's 1999". The New York Times. Retrieved January 10, 2016. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Online food delivery ordering is about to overtake phone ordering in the US - Quartz". Qz.com. Retrieved January 10, 2016.  Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "MyUser_Qz.com_January_10_2016c" defined multiple times with different content
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Restaurant food delivery heating up". Columbian.com. Retrieved January 10, 2016.  Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "MyUser_Columbian.com_January_10_2016c" defined multiple times with different content
  5. ↑ "Peapod". Retrieved January 8, 2016. 
  6. ↑ "Pizza Hut Celebrates 20th Anniversary of World's First Online Purchase With 50 Percent Off Online Deal for Hut Lovers Members". Restaurantnews.com. Retrieved January 8, 2016. 
  7. ↑ "How to Make Lunch an Adventure". partners.nytimes.com. Retrieved 14 July 2019. 
  8. ↑ "Restaurant Review: Dosas and samosas". Paloaltoonline.com. Retrieved 14 July 2019. 
  9. ↑ "Webvan announces shutdown, Chapter 11 filing - Jul. 9, 2001". CNN. Retrieved January 10, 2016. 
  10. ↑ "E-Commerce: The failure of Kozmo.com". Threeg1b.blogspot.com. Retrieved January 10, 2016. 
  11. ↑ "Jason Finger of Seamless: The Random Idea That Sparked a $100M Business". :. Retrieved January 8, 2016. 
  12. ↑ "Webvan Group buys HomeGrocer.com in $1.2B deal- - Jun. 26, 2000". CNN. Retrieved January 10, 2016. 
  13. ↑ "This Founder Sold His Company For $589 Million, Then Gave Each of His Workers a Bonus". inc.com. Retrieved 22 July 2019. 
  14. ↑ "Kozmo to End Operations - 1,100 People to Lose Jobs". The New York Times. April 12, 2001. Retrieved January 10, 2016. 
  15. ↑ "Webvan goes under / Online grocer shuts down -- $830 million lost, 2,000 workers fired - SFGate". Sfgate.com. Retrieved January 8, 2016. 
  16. ↑ "Papa John's Launches Mobile Gift Card Ordering Site - Restaurant News - QSR magazine". Retrieved January 10, 2016. 
  17. ↑ "Safeway begins delivering online grocery orders / Albertson's also will help fill the gap left when Webvan closed down - SFGate". Sfgate.com. Retrieved January 8, 2016. 
  18. ↑ "GrubHub's CEO On The Shock Of Outgrowing Three Offices In A Few Short Years - Business Insider". Businessinsider.com. Retrieved January 8, 2016. 
  19. ↑ "How I Did It: Matt Maloney of GrubHub and Seamless". inc.com. Retrieved 22 July 2019. 
  20. ↑ "Meals On Wheels: Internet To Table In The Middle East". forbes.com. Retrieved 22 July 2019. 
  21. ↑ "delivery.com". crunchbase.com. Retrieved 21 July 2019. 
  22. ↑ "Snapfinger". crunchbase.com. Retrieved 14 July 2019. 
  23. ↑ "Amazon starts grocery delivery service - seattlepi.com". Seattlepi.com. Retrieved January 8, 2016. 
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 "Eat24". Retrieved January 10, 2016. 
  25. ↑ "How ZeroCater Became A $100M Startup With $1.5M Of Investment". Foodtechconnect.com. Retrieved January 12, 2016. 
  26. ↑ "ZeroCater". Retrieved January 12, 2016. 
  27. ↑ "Pizza Hut First Pizza Chain to Launch iPhone App". Adage.com. Retrieved January 8, 2016. 
  28. ↑ "Meals on Wheels Online: New Site Tracks Food Trucks Nationwide". FastCompany.com. Retrieved January 22, 2016. 
  29. ↑ Kerr, Ronny (October 17, 2016). "When Munchery was young: the early years. Hundreds of meals served four months after launch; over 200,000 meals served by its third year". Vator.tv. Retrieved March 6, 2017. 
  30. ↑ "Blue Apron's Got Big Plans For Dinner -- But So Do Its Hungry Rivals". Forbes. October 14, 2015. Retrieved May 6, 2017. 
  31. ↑ Sherwood, Alison (September 1, 2016). [www.thetimesherald.com/story/life/2016/09/01/meal-kits-put-test/89743878/ "Meal kits put to the test"] Check |url= value (help). The Times Herald. Retrieved May 6, 2017. 
  32. ↑ "Y Combinator-Backed DoorDash Delivers Food Quickly In South Bay, Hopes To Expand Beyond Food". Techcrunch.com. Retrieved January 10, 2016. 
  33. ↑ "Instacart". Retrieved January 10, 2016. 
  34. ↑ "Former 'MunchOnMe' Team Launches Caviar, A Curated 'Seamless'". Techcrunch.com. Retrieved January 10, 2016. 
  35. ↑ "With $1.2 Million In Seed Funding, Sprig Launches To Bring Fast, Healthy Meals To SF Eaters For $12 Each". Techcrunch.com. Retrieved January 12, 2016. 
  36. ↑ "SpoonRocket Delivery Service Takes Flight". Eastbayexpress.com. Retrieved January 12, 2016. 
  37. ↑ "AmazonFresh Grocery Delivery Service Now Available In Los Angeles". Geeky-gadgets.com. Retrieved January 8, 2016. 
  38. ↑ "GrubHub and Seamless complete merger - Chicago Business Journal". Bizjournals.com. Retrieved January 8, 2016. 
  39. ↑ "Square Acquires Food Delivery Service Caviar". Techcrunch.com. Retrieved January 10, 2016. 
  40. ↑ Sharma, Karishma (October 2018). "Consumption of online food app services: An exploratory study among college students in Dubai". Middle East Journal of Business. 13 (4). 
  41. ↑ "Barcelona, your meal is arriving now!". Retrieved January 10, 2016. 
  42. ↑ IBEF (January 31, 2016). "Food Industry - India Brand Equity Foundation". Retrieved February 29, 2016. 
  43. ↑ "Indias growing appetite for food service startups". 
  44. ↑ Ha, Anthony (April 28, 2015). "Maple Launches In NYC's Financial District With A Fresh Approach To Food Delivery". TechCrunch. Retrieved May 28, 2017. 
  45. ↑ Constine, Josh (March 15, 2016). "SpoonRocket shuts down amongst on-demand apocalypse". TechCrunch. Retrieved May 5, 2017. 
  46. ↑ Martin, Scott (March 15, 2016). "SpoonRocket Shuts Down Meal Delivery Service". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved May 5, 2017. 
  47. ↑ Fort, Ellen (March 15, 2016). "SpoonRocket, an App-Driven Food Delivery Service, Ceases Operations. The on-demand market is experiencing a backlash". Eater (San Francisco). Retrieved May 5, 2017. 
  48. ↑ Chang, Lulu (March 16, 2016). "Acquisition by iFood brings on-demand meal service SpoonRocket back from the dead". Digital Trends. Retrieved May 5, 2017. 
  49. ↑ Dicket, Megan Rose (March 16, 2016). "SpoonRocket finds a home with Brazil-based iFood". TechCrunch. Retrieved May 5, 2017. 
  50. ↑ Newcomer, Eric; Wang, Selina (October 11, 2016). "Square Said to Have Discussed Caviar Sale With Uber, GrubHub". Bloomberg. Retrieved May 5, 2017. 
  51. ↑ Tuder, Stefanie (October 25, 2016). "Recipe Delivery Service Din Has Shut Down. Blame a crowded market". Eater (San Francisco). Retrieved May 5, 2017. 
  52. ↑ Tuder, Stefanie (January 10, 2017). "Bento Is the Latest Meal Delivery Service to Shut Down. Following in the same footsteps as Din and Spoonrocket". Eater (San Francisco). Retrieved May 5, 2017. 
  53. ↑ "Kitchen Confidential: Season 3, Episode 6". Retrieved May 5, 2017. 
  54. ↑ "The Food Delivery Death Star. VCs still give billions to food delivery startups. But what's their endgame?". The California Review. November 3, 2016. Retrieved May 5, 2017. 
  55. ↑ Wang, Selina (March 1, 2017). "Square Buys OrderAhead to Grab Pickup Business at Restaurants". Bloomberg. Retrieved May 28, 2017. 
  56. ↑ Dickey, Megan Rose (March 1, 2017). "Square's Caviar now lets people order food ahead for pickup". TechCrunch. Retrieved May 28, 2017. 
  57. ↑ Samuelson, Kate (March 21, 2017). "Robots Are About to Start Delivering Food in California". Fortune. Retrieved May 5, 2017. 
  58. ↑ Kantrowitz, Alex. "DoorDash Will Start Delivering Food Via Robots In California This Thursday". BuzzFeed. 
  59. ↑ Kolodny, Lora (April 12, 2017). "Marble and Yelp Eat24 start robot food delivery in San Francisco". TechCrunch. 
  60. ↑ Dickey, Megan Rose (May 8, 2017). "Food startup Maple shuts down operations in New York to join Deliveroo". TechCrunch. Retrieved May 28, 2017. 
  61. ↑ Del Rey, Jason (May 8, 2017). "The food-delivery startup Maple has shut down. Leaked documents last year showed the company was in trouble.". Re/Code. Retrieved May 28, 2017. 
  62. ↑ Ruggless, Ron (May 8, 2017). "Delivery-only Maple shuts down operations. NYC-based startup joins UK-based Deliveroo". Nation's Restaurant News. Retrieved May 28, 2017. 
  63. ↑ "On-demand food startup Sprig is shutting down today". TechCrunch. May 26, 2017. Retrieved May 28, 2017. 
  64. ↑ Carson, Biz (May 26, 2017). "Sprig, a food-delivery startup that has raised over $56 million, is shutting down". Business Insider. Retrieved May 28, 2017. 
  65. ↑ Merced, Michael (June 16, 2017). "Amazon to Buy Whole Foods for $13.4 Billion". New York Times. Retrieved July 17, 2017. 
  66. ↑ Aziza, Bruno (June 23, 2017). "Amazon Buys Whole Foods. Now What? The Story Behind The Story". Forbes. Retrieved July 17, 2017. 
  67. ↑ Fiegerman, Seth (June 29, 2017). "Blue Apron serves up lukewarm IPO". CNN. Retrieved July 17, 2017. 
  68. ↑ "Blue Apron prices IPO at $10 per share: Source". CNBC. June 28, 2017. Retrieved July 17, 2017. 
  69. ↑ Rossolillo, Nicholas (July 13, 2017). "Blue Apron's IPO just got a reality check". Business Insider. Retrieved July 17, 2017. 
  70. ↑ Ciolli, Joe (July 17, 2017). "Amazon deals yet another huge blow to Blue Apron". Business Insider. Retrieved July 17, 2017. 

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