Timeline of Ethereum

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This is a timeline of Ethereum, attempting to describe the evolution of the blockchain.

Sample questions

The following are some interesting questions that can be answered by reading this timeline:

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  • What are some events describing security issues related to Ethereum?
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  • You will mostly see hacking attacks attempting to steal funds.
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  • What are some of the numerous events describing Ethereum blockchain adoption?
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  • What are the several protocols released with the purpose to upgrade the Ethereum blockchain?
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  • What are some events describing the evolution of Ethereum valuation?
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    • You will mostly see events describing notable thresholds in valuation surpassed by Eth.
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"Open-sourcing"

Summary by year

Time period Development summary More details
2013 Prelude Vitalik Buterin releases the Ethereum white paper, proposing a new platform which would allow for decentralized application to mark the start of a new era of online transactions.[1][2]
2014 Initial sale Ether officially goes on sale for the first time. The Yellow paper is released.
2015 Project implementation The Ethereum network goes live.[3][2]
2016 Major split Ethereum is split into two separate blockchains, Ethereum, and Ethereum Classic, as a result of a US$50 million worth of funds being hacked.[2][4]
2017 Cryptocurrency bubble Ethereum valuation skyrockets 7,785.3% in the year as a result of the cryptocurrency boom. Enterprise Ethereum Alliance Launches.[5]
2018 Crash Ethereum loses 84.8% of its value.
2019 Consolidation Ethereum becomes the second largest cryptocurrency, second only to Bitcoin.[6] Istanbul and Constantinople forks occur.
2020 Ethereum 2.0 The Beacon Chain genesis launches as the first phase of Ethereum 2.0 .

Visual data

The chart below shows the Ethereum price evolution in USD, in logarithmic scale, from July 30, 2015 to April 1, 2021.[7]

Eth price log.png


The chart below shows the Ethereum price evolution in USD, from July 30 2015 to April 1 2021.[7]

Eth price.png


The chart below shows the Ethereum hash rate evolution, from July 30 2015 to April 1 2021.[7]

Eth hash rate.png


The chart below shows the Ethereum hash rate evolution in logarithmic scale, from July 30 2015 to April 1 2021.[7]

Eth hash rate log.png

Google Trends

The comparative chart below shows Google Trends data for Bitcoin (Search term) and Ethereum (Search term), from January 2009 to March 2021, when the screenshot was taken. Interest is also ranked by country and displayed on world map.[8]

Bitcoin and Ethereum gt.png

Google Ngram Viewer

The chart below shows Google Ngram Viewer data for Ethereum and Bitcoin, from 2000 to 2019.[9]

Bitcoin and Ethereum ngram.png

Wikipedia Views

The compartive chart shows pageviews of the English Wikipedia articles Bitcoin and Ethereum on desktop, from July 2015 to February 2021. [10]

Bitcoin and Ethereum wv.png

Full timeline

Year Month and date Event type Details
1994 January 31 Prelude Vitalik Buterin is born in Kolomna, Russia.
2013 November 27 Early development Vitalik Buterin publishes the Ethereum introductory paper.[3]
2013 November 27 Domain registration ethereum.org is registered.[11]
2013 December 31 Early development Vitalik Buterin publishes the Bootstrapping a Decentralized Autonomous Corporation article series.[12]
2014 January 15 Vitalik Buterin publishes Slasher: A Punitive Proof-of-Stake Algorithm.[13]
2014 January Early development Ethereum is announced at the North American Bitcoin Conference in Miami.[14]
2014 February 1 Early development Vitalik Buterin publishes On Transaction Fees, And The Fallacy of Market-Based Solutions.[15]
2014 February 3 Early development Vitalik Buterin introduces Ethereum Script 2.0.[16]
2014 April 1 Early development Dr. Gavin Wood publishes the Yellow Paper [1], which serves as a technical definition of the Ethereum protocol.[3][17]
2014 July 22 Early development Ether officially goes on sale for 42 days, and can be bought with Bitcoin.[3]
2015 April Ethereum blockchain development The Ethereum Foundation announces the creation of the DEVgrants program, with the purpose to support and reward the work of developers who contribute to the Ethereum project.[18]
2015 May 9 Early development The Ethereum Foundation announces the release of Olympic, the ninth in the Ethereum Proof-of-Concept series, with the purpose to reward people who try to test the limits of the Ethereum blockchain during the pre-release period.[19][20]
2015 May 14 Technology adoption “eπ” Ethereum-on-Raspberry Pi programme is rolled out, with the purpose to place a full Ethereum node on the internet to communities around the world.[21]
2015 July 30 Protocol release The Ethereum Genesis block is generated and loaded, marking the inception of Frontier, the first Live release of the Ethereum project.[22][3][23] The Ethereum mining network and the ability to execute contracts are first released.[24][25][26] 72 million coins are premined.[27][28] This thawing fork sets the default gasPrice (gas is the pricing value required to successfully conduct a transaction or execute a contract on the Ethereum blockchain platform).[3]
2015 September 8 Protocol release Hard fork under code name Ice Age occurs at block number 200,000.
2015 October 4 Technology adoption English musician Imogen Heap manages to release single Tiny Human as a digital contract and demonstrates that music can be shared transparently and completely fairly on a blockchain without the need for intermediaries of any kind, showing how smart music contracts work using Ethereum.[29]
2015 October 28 Technology adoption Microsoft partners with blockchain software technology company ConsenSys with the purpose to use Ethereum to provide Blockchain-as-a-Service. Business users of Microsoft’s cloud-based Azure service would thus be able to access Ethereum Blockchain-as-a-Service, or ‘E BaaS’.[30][31][32]
2015 December 8 Technology adoption Microsoft announces plan to expand its Ethereum tools is also planned with “C++ Ethereum”, a combo consisting in two flexible languages, and Ethereum on Windows Server.[33]
2016 January 28 Market capitalization Ethereum surpasses Litecoin in market capitalization.[34]
2016 February Technology adoption A group of Ukrainian officials sign a memorandum to move multiple levels of elections to the Ethereum blockchain with the use of platform E-vox. The memorandum has the purpose to create "a decentralized, transparent and accessible system for group decisions making via blockchain-based instruments" for political primaries, elections and online petitions or referenda.[35]
2016 March 1 Technology adoption Ethereum blockchain software provider BlockApps becomes the first certified offering on Microsoft Azure’s Blockchain-as-a-Service (BaaS) marketplace. This deployment of Ethereum blockchain architecture enables enterprises and developers to quickly deploy a certified blockchain environment on Azure.[36]
2016 March 5 Early development Serenity PoC2 is released. This proof of concept has the purpose to implement the complete Ethereum protocol and make it function even in a highly restricted test environment.[37]
2016 March 14 Protocol release The Ethereum project releases Homestead, an official update including several protocol changes and a networking change that gives Ethereum the ability to do further network upgrades. The hardfork takes place at block 1,150,000.[38][39][3][40][41]
2016 April 1 Partnership Vitalik Buterin announces Ethereum partnership with R3CEV on Lizardcoin, with the purpose to combine the best of centralized finance and Blockchain technology.[42]
2016 April 4 Currency adoption Mexican cryptocurrency exchange Bitso adds ability to buy and sell Ether with Mexican pesos.[43]
2016 April 11 Technology adoption Two Brooklyn residents use the Ethereum blockchain technology to facilitate a transaction that lets one sell energy directly to the other. The exchange is executed thanks to LO3, a green energy startup working to introdice blockchain to the energy industry.[44]
2016 April 28 Technology integration Vitalik Buterin discusses the possibilty to integrate the the Ethereum blockchain with Hyperledger, an umbrella project of open source blockchains and related tools started in December 2015 by the Linux Foundation.[45]
2016 June 17 Security An attack is perpetrated on the Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO), with 3.6 million ETH (US$50 million) being stolen by an unknown hacker. Due to the way the contract was designed, these funds would be frozen for 28 days before they could be transferred, and an unplanned hard fork would take place later on July 20 as an attempt to restore funds.[46][47][20] The value of Ethereum subsequently tanks as a result of the hack.[48]
2016 July 20 Protocol upgrade The DAO Fork occurs at block 1,920,000 in response to the DAO incident, as an unplanned hard fork by the Ethereum community, who decided to hard fork the chain in order to restore the hacked funds to their original wallets and patch the vulnerability.[49][3][50][51][52] The original chain — with the stolen ether not returned — becomes Ethereum Classic, which would become weaker and subject to exploitation over time.[46]
2016 August 11 Currency adoption A team of developers claim having successfully completed the first off-blockchain transaction on Ethereum, having sent ether from Copenhagen to Mumbai.[53]
2016 September 26 Currency adoption Decentralized eSports platform FirstBlood raises just over US$6 million in Ethereum (ETH 465,312.999) within seconds, in what is considered a new record for speedy funding time in the blockchain assets ecosystem.[54]
2016 October Technology adoption American multinational investment bank JPMorgan Chase demonstrates the development of a private, permissioned version of the Ethereum network. This project is described as "an additional choice in the company’s toolkit of software offerings aimed at solving business problems".[55][56]
2016 October 18 Protocol upgrade The Tangerine Whistle fork occurs as a small unplanned fork at block 2,463,000, with the purpose "to change the gas calculation for certain I/O-intensive operations and to clear the accumulated state from a denial-of-service attack, which exploited the low gas cost of those operations." It is the first response to the denial of service (DoS) attacks on the network in September-October 2016, including addressing urgent network health issues concerning underpriced operation codes.[3] "Tangerine Whistle - October 2016"[2][3][57][58]
2016 November 2 Ethereum blockchain development An Ethereum programming language bug is found, affecting a specific style of smart contract and most of the contracts affected to be taken down or changed. Bugs on Ethereum are found to be uniquely hazardous.[59]
2016 November (early) Technology adoption Microsoft launches its Ethereum Consortium Blockchain Network, with the purpose to enter the next phase of its blockchain work. Designed with emphasis in usability, the product allows groups of companies to deploy a private Ethereum network with a single click. This project is expected to "help entire industries work together to more easily build increasingly complex consortia that better leverage the network effects of shared, immutable ledgers."[60]
2016 November 9 Open-sourcing Accounting services provider Deloitte announces plans to open-source its ethereum-based Smart Identity platform.[61]
2016 November 23 Protocol upgrade Hard fork under code name Spurious Dragon occurs at block number 2,675,000. It is the second response to the denial of service (DoS) attacks on the network (occurring in September/October 2016). Four Ethereum improvement proposals (EIP-155, EIP-160, EIP-161, and EIP-170)[3] are included in this fork.[3][2][3][62][63]
2016 December 6 Technology adoption In a startup contest, Austria's Erste Bank awards two Ethereum projects, Etherisc, an automated insurance tool, and Status, a mobile-based browser that combines support for payments and decentralized applications.[64]
2016 December 20 Security Administrators of the Ethereum Project announce a data breach having affected over 16,500 users of the platform's community forums. The Ethereum forum is a gathering for Ether users with the purpose to discuss and share knowledge on Ether mining and trading.[65]
2017 February 13 Ethereum blockchain token release The Bancor Protocol Whitepaper is first introduced.[66]
2017 February 14 Technology adoption Project Oaken, a startup building an Ethereum-based platform for IoT applications, wins US$100,000 at a blockchain hackathon in Dubai.[67]
2017 March 1 Technology adoption A Blockchain alliance is formed based on Ethereum by organizations icluding Microsoft, Intel, Accenture, Credit Suisse Group, and UBS.[68]
2017 March 6 Currency adoption U.S. investment firm rayscale Investments announces plans to launch the first private fund focused on Ethereum Classic, with a seed capital of US$10 million.[69]
2017 March 16 Technology adoption Blockchain startup Bloq announces having joined the Enterprise Ethereum Alliance.[70]
2017 March 23 Technology adoption Atlanta-based cloud storage Storj Labs announces plan to migrate its decentralized storage service to the Ethereum blockchain.[71]
2017 April 25 Ethereum blockchain token release Ethereum-Based Gnosis launches an extraordinary fast initial coin offering, concluding in 10 minutes, and raising almost US$12 million.[72]
2017 April 26 Currency adoption American investment firm Grayscale Investments launches the Ethereum Classic Investment Trust, aimed to track the price of Ethereum Classic.[73]
2017 May 1 Technology adoption The WINGS token is released on the Ethereum network and integrated on the Liqui and Bittrex exchanges.[74][75]
2017 May Ethereum blockchain token release Brave launches the Basic Attention Token (BAT).[76]
2017 May 18 Technology adoption Henri Pihkala, Founder at cloud platform Streamr, posts an article titled Streamr Brings U.S. Stocks to Ethereum Blockchain, which describes advancements made by the platform, as it experiments with decentralizing its databases and integrating Ethereum into its blockchain systems.[77]
2017 May 30 Currency adoption Chinese cryptocurrency exchange OKCoin formally launches Ethereum deposit and withdrawal services.[78]
2017 June 15 Ethereum blockchain token release Status (SNT) white paper is released.[79][80]
2017 June 21 Valuation Ethereum price tumbles temporarily from around US$320 to just 10 cents in a flash crash triggered by a “When a trader having sold a large position.[81]
2017 June 21 Ethereum blockchain token release TenX (PAY) white paper is released.[82][83]
2017 July 7 Mining It is reported that,by this time, Ethereum and Bitcoin energy consumption surpasses entire countries' power budgets, including those of Jordan and Syria.[84]
2017 July 20 Security Hackers manage to exploit a vulnerability in digital wallet service Parity, stealing 153,000 Ether worth approximately US$34 million from three separate multi-signature Ethereum wallets.[85]
2017 August 12 Adoption Microsoft releases the Confidential Consortium (Coco) Framework, an Ethereum based protocol which allows commercial companies and other large-scale organizations to process information on the Ethereum Blockchain with increased privacy.[86][87][88][89]
2017 August 30 Partnership The Ethereum Foundation signs a partnership with Russian state-owned development bank Vnesheconombank with the purpose to support its new blockchain research center, providing specialist training for distributed ledger technology and the Ethereum platform. The partnership aims at fostering a community of Ethereum experts in Russia and to assist the formation of Ethereum-based projects.[90]
2017 September 4 Valuation The Chinese regulator orders all Initial coin offerings to be halted in the country, for exchanges to stop trading in the tokens, and for funds already raised to be returned to investors. This decision prompts the Ethereum price to plunge subsequently.[91]
2017 September 8 Ethereum blockchain token release Blackmoon Financial Group announces the launch of Blackmoon Crypto Platform, an Ethereum blockchain-based platform for tokenized vehicles.[92][93][94][95]
2017 October 16 Protocol upgrade The Byzantium hard fork occurs at block number 4,370,000. Planned as the first phase of the next stage of Ethereum’s roadmap was known as Metropolis, this fork aims to reduce block mining rewards from 5 to 3 ETH, to delay the difficulty bomb by a year, to add ability to make non-state-changing calls to other contracts, and to added certain cryptography methods to allow for layer 2 scaling.[3][2][96][46]
2017 October 31 Technology adoption Amazon Technologies, Inc., a subsidiary of Amazon, registers amazonethereum.com, in addition to amazoncryptocurrency.com and amazoncryptocurrencies.com.[97]
2017 November 6 Security Github user devops199 manages to exploit a vulnerability within the smart-contract library code of wallet service Parity, blocking funds in 587 wallets holding a total of 513,774.16 Ether as well as various other tokens.[98] “A major vulnerability has frozen hundreds of millions of dollars of Ethereum” [99]
2018 January 4 Valuation Ethereum valuation surpasses US$1,000 for the first time.[100][101]
2018 January Ethereum blockchain development The Ethereum Foundation announces the creation of two programs to help fund the efforts of developers working on scaling solutions for Ethereum, by offering subsidies for those participating and by giving access to the opportunity to participate in Ethereum 2.0 Development.[18]
2018 February 2 Leadership Vitalik Buterin donates US$2.4 million worth of ether to life extension nonprofit SENS Research Foundation.[102]
2018 February 5 Mining Unicef launches the Game Chaingers scheme, a project to recruit gamers to use the processing power of their computers to mine Ethereum to raise money for Syrian children.[103][104]
2018 March Ethereum blockchain development The Ethereum Foundation announces the first wave of grants, with 13 projects receiving a combined total of US$ 2,5 million.[18]
2018 April 24 Security Hackers manage to break the basic infrastructure of the internet, and manage to steal least US$13,000 in Ethereum by intercepting domain name system requests for myetherwallet.com.[105]
2018 April 25 Security Around 215 Ether (roughly US$152,000) are stolen from users of MyEtherWallet.com[106] in Amazon Web Services’ DNS server attack, in which hackers appear to have rerouted IP addresses operated by that service.[107]
2018 May 18 Notable comment Apple Inc. co-founder Steve Wozniak comments that Ethereum could be the "new Apple”, describing it as a platform that is just like the company and could become as influential as Apple became.[108]
2017 May 18 Ethereum blockchain token release Decentralized cryptocurrency exchange protocol 0x goes live from white paper to functioning early stage over-the-counter (OTC) platform for exchanging ethereum-based tokens, which starts settling trades.[109]
2018 May 21 Adoption A group of 500 companies – including Accenture, AMD, Intel, JP Morgan, Microsoft, Samsung, Shell and UBS – set together version 1.0 of its standard for a business-centric distributed ledger tech based on the Ethereum Blockchain.[110]
2018 May 31 Userbase Ethereum surpasses Bitcoin in the number of active users.[111]
2018 June 11 Supply Ethereum’s total supply crosses the 100 million mark, meaning there is more than 100 million Ether in circulation. [112]
2018 June 14 Official response The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission declares it does not declare Ethereum tokens a security.[113][114]
2018 July 18 Notable comment Internet entrepreneur Jeremy Allaire comments that Ethereum may drive blockchain to be as broadly adopted as the Internet.[115]
2018 September 3 Adoption Google announces Ethereum dataset availability in BigQuery, for smart contract analytics.[116] "Regular Chrome users are now capable of reading all of the data stored on Ethereum’s blockchain." “Google releases tools for probing Ethereum’s blockchain” [117][118][119]
2018 September 18 Notable comment Tech analyst Ian McLeod comments that "advancements on the Ethereum blockchain could see Bitcoin’s dominance shrink in the next five years.[120]
2018 December 13 Technology adoption Norwegian software company Opera announces that Opera for Android supports Ethereum, with the purpose to allow people to make transactions and developers to create decentralized apps.[121]
2019 February 18 Technology introduction Blockchain data platform Streamr officially releases Monoplasma, a new open-source Ethereum scaling technology.[122]
2019 February 28 Protocol upgrade The Constantinople fork occurs at Block number 7,280,000[3][2] as the second part of the Metropolis upgrade (after Byzantium). This upgrade aims to implement a number of Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs), to reduce block reward, and to delay Difficulty Bomb (intended to help transition towards proof of stake).[46] As it was supposed to happen at Block number 7,080,000, the fork is postponed due to the discovery of a problem with EIP-1283, which is removed from the list of planned integrations, and the fork is rescheduled to block 7,280,000, and is given a new name: St. Petersburg.[20]
2019 March 13 Currency adoption Crypto service provider Abra adds native Ethereum support to its platform, enabling the cryptocurrency wallet and exchange users to receive, hold, sell, and buy Ethereum directly on the platform.[123]
2019 April 23 Currency adoption French financial services company Société Générale issues about US$112 million worth of bonds in the form of a security token on the public Ethereum blockchain.[124]
2019 April 24 Technology adoption Samsung announces development of its own blockchain on Ethereum.[125][126][127]
2019 May 22 Ethereum blockchain development The Ethereum Foundation announces a three-pronged approach to allocating US$30 million designated for developing the Ethereum network over the next year, with much of the funding going to Ethereum 2.0 projects including client teams, research, documentation and communication, and layer two projects like Plasma.[128]
2019 July 9 Technology adoption Uber Health grants access to its entire U.S. fleet to Solve.Care, a startup that uses the Ethereum blockchain to connect nearly every aspect of the healthcare ecosystem via a shared ledger of transactions.[129]
2019 September 16 Currency adoption BitPay, the largest global blockchain payments provider, announces launch of support for Ethereum, which allows customers to safely, securely, and compliantly accept the currency. Businesses using BitPay for payment processing would be able to accept Ethereum for purchases without the need for any integration or enhancements.[130] “BitPay Now Lets Merchants Accept Ethereum’s Cryptocurrency” [131]
2019 September 24 Mining The mining community expands Ethereum's network capacity by 25% to allow more transactions to be processed on the network per second, helping to keep fees lower. This is achieved by miners driving up the gas limit, causing it to break above 10 million per block, an increase of 25 percent over the previous week.[132]
2019 October 1 Adoption San Francisco-based Ethereum scaling project Skale Raises US$17.1 million to launch its mainnet, which the firm says would be Ethereum’s “best shot” to beat other smart contract platforms. The funding is to be used to seed and stabilize Skale’s proof of stake network and increase its security.[133]
2019 October 8 Philanthropy UNICEF launches a cryptocurrency fund, backed by the Ethereum Foundation, with the purpose to receive, hold and disburse donations of cryptocurrencies, namely Bitcoin and Ethereum.[134] ““The Ethereum Foundation is excited to demonstrate the power of what Ethereum and blockchain technology can do for communities around the world. Together with UNICEF, we're taking action with the Cryptofund to improve access to basic needs, rights, and resources”” [135]
2019 November 27 Security South Korean cryptocurrency exchange Upbit is hacked, with 342,000 ETH (US$48.7 million) bring stolen from the "hot wallet".[136][137]
2019 December 8 Protocol introduction The Istanbul fork occurs at block number 9,069,000. Among its purposes, it aims to optimize the gas cost of certain actions in the Ethereum Virtual Machine, to improve denial-of-service attack resilience, to enable Ethereum and Zcash to interoperate, and to allow contracts to introduce more creative functions.[3][2][138][139][140]
2019 December 12 Notable case American Ethereum developer Virgil Griffith is arrested by the Federal Bureau of Investigation for providing "highly technical information to North Korea, knowing that this information could be used to help North Korea launder money and evade sanctions."[141][142]
2020 January 1 Protocol introduction The Muir Glacier hard fork occurs at block 9,200,000.[3][2][143] It has only one improvement proposal, EIP 2384, which would delay the difficulty bomb (the increasing difficulty level of puzzles in the mining algorithm used to reward miners with Ether on its blockchain) for another 4,000,000 blocks, or approximately 611 days.[144][145][146]
2020 May 19 Ethereum blockchain token release OmiseGO (OMG) begins trading on Coinbase Pro.[147]
2020 June Competition Data from Dune Analytics estimates that nearly US$60 million in Bitcoin were moved to Ethereum in the month.[148]
2020 July Mining Ethereum miners’ income Soars by 60% in a month as a result of soaring transaction fees on the network, as well as relatively slow growth in competition from other miners.[149]
2020 July 28 Ethereum blockchain token release Augur (REP) is launched.[150]
2020 October 14 Ethereum blockchain development Staking is introduced to the Ethereum ecosystem.[3][151]
2020 October 22 Technology adoption A new ethereum.org developer portal is introduced.[152]
2020 October 22 Adoption PayPal launches a new service enabling its customers to buy, hold and sell cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin, Ethereum and Litecoin direct from their PayPal account.[153][154]
2020 November 13 Mining Binance launches Ethereum mining pool.[155][156]
2020 November 17 Ethereum blockchain development The Beacon Chain reaches 16384 deposits (genesis validators) of 32 staked ETH. This would allow for the production of blocks on December 1.[3][157]
2020 December 1 Ethereum blockchain development The first stage of the next-generation proof-of-stake (PoS) Ethereum 2.0 becomes live when the Beacon Chain starts producing blocks. This is considered ETH 2.0 Phase 0.[3][157][158][159]
2021 February 8 Currency adoption CME Group announces launch of Ether futures, prompting a currency valuation to an all-time peak of US$1,938 .[160] “Ethereum Booms in Anticipation of CME’s ETH Futures Launch” [161][162]
2021 February 24 Currency adoption Crypto asset management firm CoinShares launches an exchange-traded product (ETP) backed by Ethereum, with US$75 million in funds.[163]
2021 March 2 Technology adoption Amazon Web Services blockchain service launches support for Ethereum, which allows AWS customers to easily provide Ethereum nodes in minutes and connect to the public Ethereum main network and test networks such as Rinkeby and Ropsten.[164]

Mentions on Google Scholar

The following comparative table summarizes per-year mentions of Ethereum, Vitalik Buterin, Bitcoin and Blockchain on Google Scholar. Data retrieved as of March 27, 2021.

Year Ethereum Vitalik Buterin Bitcoin Blockchain
2015 298 104 4,880 1,870
2016 974 177 6,330 4,990
2017 3,290 523 11,800 13,500
2018 8,830 1,150 21,500 38,900
2019 11,700 1,380 22,800 51,500
2020 12,400 1,250 18,300 49,300

Meta information on the timeline

How the timeline was built

The initial version of the timeline was written by User:Sebastian.

Funding information for this timeline is available.

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What the timeline is still missing

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See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ "What is Ethereum and How Does it Work? - Nebeus blog". Nebeus. 18 July 2020. Retrieved 9 April 2021. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 "The History of Ethereum | Plus500". www.plus500.com. Retrieved 18 February 2021. 
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 "History of Ethereum". ethereum.org. Retrieved 18 February 2021. 
  4. ↑ Frankenfield, Jake. "Ethereum". Investopedia. Retrieved 9 April 2021. 
  5. ↑ "Medium". Medium. Retrieved 11 April 2021. 
  6. ↑ "What is Ethereum and How Does it Work? - Nebeus blog". Nebeus. 18 July 2020. Retrieved 9 April 2021. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 "DATA FILE DOWNLOADS". coinmetrics.io. 
  8. ↑ "Bitcoin and Ethereum". Google Trends. Retrieved 26 March 2021. 
  9. ↑ "Ethereum and Bitcoin". books.google.com. Retrieved 26 March 2021. 
  10. ↑ "Bitcoin and Ethereum". wikipediaviews.org. Retrieved 26 March 2021. 
  11. ↑ "ethereum.org whois lookup - who.is". who.is. Retrieved 20 March 2021. 
  12. ↑ Foundation, Ethereum. "Archive". blog.ethereum.org. Retrieved 25 March 2021. 
  13. ↑ Foundation, Ethereum. "Slasher: A Punitive Proof-of-Stake Algorithm". blog.ethereum.org. Retrieved 25 March 2021. 
  14. ↑ Paumgarten, Nick. "The Prophets of Cryptocurrency Survey the Boom and Bust". The New Yorker. Retrieved 25 March 2021. 
  15. ↑ Foundation, Ethereum. "On Transaction Fees, And The Fallacy of Market-Based Solutions". blog.ethereum.org. Retrieved 25 March 2021. 
  16. ↑ Foundation, Ethereum. "Introducing Ethereum Script 2.0". blog.ethereum.org. Retrieved 25 March 2021. 
  17. ↑ Staff, Packt Editorial (11 April 2018). "Everything you need to know about Ethereum". Packt Hub. Retrieved 25 March 2021. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Academy, Bit2Me (2 April 2021). "What is the Ethereum Foundation?". Bit2Me Academy. Retrieved 8 April 2021. 
  19. ↑ Foundation, Ethereum. "Olympic: Frontier Pre-Release". blog.ethereum.org. Retrieved 25 March 2021. 
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Hollander, Luit (4 May 2020). "The History of Ethereum Hard Forks". Medium. Retrieved 26 March 2021. 
  21. ↑ Foundation, Ethereum. "Announcing eπ: Ethereum on Raspberry Pi Programme". blog.ethereum.org. Retrieved 25 March 2021. 
  22. ↑ Foundation, Ethereum. "Ethereum Launches". blog.ethereum.org. Retrieved 25 March 2021. 
  23. ↑ Foundation, Ethereum. "Ethereum Launches". blog.ethereum.org. Retrieved 25 March 2021. 
  24. ↑ "Ethereum Launches Long-Awaited Decentralized App Network". CoinDesk. 30 July 2015. Retrieved 23 February 2021. 
  25. ↑ "Vapor No More: Ethereum Has Launched". TechCrunch. Retrieved 21 February 2021. 
  26. ↑ "Ethereum Launches; But Leaked Chat Says Project Needs 'Years More'". Cointelegraph. Retrieved 23 February 2021. 
  27. ↑ Tapscott, Don; Tapscott, Alex (2016). The Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology Behind Bitcoin is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Portfolio. ISBN 978-0670069972. 
  28. ↑ Foundation, Ethereum (30 July 2015). "Ethereum Launches". blog.ethereum.org. Retrieved 4 March 2021. 
  29. ↑ "Imogen Heap shows how smart music contracts work using Ethereum". International Business Times UK. 4 October 2015. Retrieved 23 February 2021. 
  30. ↑ "Microsoft Partners With ConsenSys To Use Ethereum To Provide Blockchain-As-A-Service". TechCrunch. Retrieved 23 February 2021. 
  31. ↑ Prisco, Giulio. "Microsoft Partners with Ethereum Company, Offers Cloud-Based Blockchain Application Development Platform to Its Clients". bitcoinmagazine.com. Retrieved 23 February 2021. 
  32. ↑ "Microsoft Rolls Out Ethereum Toolkit for Business Users". CoinDesk. 28 October 2015. Retrieved 23 February 2021. 
  33. ↑ "Microsoft Adds Ripple to Azure Blockchain Service, Expands Ethereum Tools | Finance Magnates". Finance Magnates | Financial and business news. 8 December 2015. Retrieved 23 February 2021. 
  34. ↑ Gord, Michael. "Ethereum Overtakes Litecoin in Market Cap after Continued Upward Trend". bitcoinmagazine.com. Retrieved 23 February 2021. 
  35. ↑ "Ukraine Government Plans to Trial Ethereum Blockchain-Based Election Platform". nasdaq.com. Retrieved 23 February 2021. 
  36. ↑ "Microsoft Certifies Ethereum Offering in Blockchain Service First". CoinDesk. 1 March 2016. Retrieved 22 February 2021. 
  37. ↑ "Serenity PoC2". blog.ethereum.org. Retrieved 25 March 2021. 
  38. ↑ "Ethereum Hardforking to Homestead at Block 1150000 - Crypto Mining Blog". cryptomining-blog.com. Retrieved 26 March 2021. 
  39. ↑ Foundation, Ethereum. "Homestead Release". blog.ethereum.org. Retrieved 25 March 2021. 
  40. ↑ Foundation, Ethereum. "Homestead Release". blog.ethereum.org. Retrieved 18 February 2021. 
  41. ↑ "Ethereum Blockchain Project Launches First Production Release". CoinDesk. 14 March 2016. Retrieved 26 February 2021. 
  42. ↑ "Ethereum Partners with R3CEV on Lizardcoin, Bringing Together the Best of Centralized Finance and Blockchain Technology". blog.ethereum.org. Retrieved 25 March 2021. 
  43. ↑ "Mexican Cryptocurrency Exchange Bitso Adds Ethereum Market". Cointelegraph. Retrieved 21 February 2021. 
  44. ↑ "Ethereum Used for 'First' Paid Energy Trade Using Blockchain Tech". CoinDesk. 11 April 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2021. 
  45. ↑ "Vitalik Buterin Pitches Hyperledger Project on Ethereum Integration". CoinDesk. 28 April 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2021. 
  46. ↑ 46.0 46.1 46.2 46.3 "A Short History of #Ethereum". ConsenSys. Retrieved 25 March 2021. 
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