Timeline of large language models
From Timelines
This is a timeline of large language models, which consist in artificial intelligence (AI) systems that use deep learning techniques to process and generate human-like natural language.
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Big picture
| Time period | Development summary | More details |
|---|
Full timeline
| Year | Month and date | Event type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | May | Google anounces chatbot LaMDA, but doesn't release it publicly. | |
| 2022 | April | OpenAI reveals DALL-E 2. | |
| 2023 | January 5 | A paper discusses the concern about the potential of LLMs to influence, modify, and manipulate user preferences adversarially. As these models become more proficient in deducing user preferences and offering tailored assistance, their lack of interpretability in adversarial settings is a major concern. The paper examines existing literature on adversarial behavior in user preferences and provides red teaming samples for dialogue models like ChatGPT and GODEL. It also probes the attention mechanism in these models for non-adversarial and adversarial settings.[1] | |
| 2023 | February 9 | A paper presents a collaborative design framework that combines interactive evolution and LLMs to simulate the human design process. The framework uses interactive evolution to exploit user feedback and LLMs for a complex creative task of recombining and varying ideas. The process begins with a brief and a set of candidate designs, generated by a language model or proposed by users. Users provide feedback to an interactive genetic algorithm that selects, recombines, and mutates the most promising designs. The framework was evaluated on three game design tasks with human designers collaborating remotely.[2] | |
| 2023 | February 14 | Study | A paper presents a framework called ChatCAD, which integrates LLMs with computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) networks for medical images. ChatCAD uses LLMs to enhance the output of multiple CAD networks by summarizing and reorganizing the information presented in natural language text format. This approach merges the strengths of LLMs' medical domain knowledge and logical reasoning with the vision understanding capability of existing medical-image CAD models. The goal is to create a more user-friendly and understandable system for patients compared to conventional CAD systems. The paper suggests that LLMs can also be used to improve the performance of vision-based medical-image CAD models in the future.[3] |
| 2023 | February 17 | Study | A paper surveys the state of the art of hybrid language models architectures and strategies for complex question-answering (QA, CQA, CPS). While very large language models are good at leveraging public data on standard problems, they may require specific architecture, knowledge, skills, tasks, methods, sensitive data, performance, human approval, and versatile feedback to tackle more specific complex questions or problems. The paper identifies the key elements used with LLMs to solve complex questions or problems and discusses challenges associated with complex QA. The paper also reviews current solutions and promising strategies, using elements such as hybrid LLM architectures, human-in-the-loop reinforcement learning, prompting adaptation, neuro-symbolic and structured knowledge grounding, program synthesis, and others.[4] |
| 2023 | February 21 | Study | A paper presents a catalog of prompt engineering techniques in pattern form that have been applied successfully to solve common problems when conversing with large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT. Prompt patterns are reusable solutions to common problems faced when working with LLMs that can customize the outputs and interactions with an LLM. The paper provides a framework for documenting patterns for structuring prompts to solve a range of problems and presents a catalog of patterns that have been applied successfully to improve the outputs of LLM conversations. It also explains how prompts can be built from multiple patterns and illustrates prompt patterns that benefit from combination with other prompt patterns. The paper contributes to research on prompt engineering that applies LLMs to automate software development tasks.[5] |
| 2023 | February 24 | Study | A paper proposes a system called LLM-Augmenter that improves large language models by using external knowledge and automated feedback. The system adds plug-and-play modules to a black-box LLM to ground responses in external knowledge and iteratively improve responses using feedback generated by utility functions. The system is validated on task-oriented dialog and open-domain question answering, showing a significant reduction in hallucinations without sacrificing fluency and informativeness. The source code and models are publicly available.[6] |
| 2023 | March 1 | Study | A paper introduces a method to train language models like ChatGPT to understand concepts precisely using succinct representations based on category theory. The representations provide concept-wise invariance properties and a new learning algorithm that can accurately learn complex concepts or fix misconceptions. The approach also allows for the generation of a hierarchical decomposition of the representations, which can be manually verified by examining each part individually.[7] |
| 2023 | March 3 | Study | A paper proposes a framework called Prophet that uses answer heuristics to prompt LLMs for knowledge-based visual question answering (VQA). Previous methods used LLMs to acquire necessary knowledge for answering, but these methods did not fully activate the capacity of LLMs due to insufficient input information. Prophet trains a vanilla VQA model on a knowledge-based VQA dataset without external knowledge and extracts two types of answer heuristics: answer candidates and answer-aware examples. These answer heuristics are encoded into prompts to enhance the capacity of LLMs. Prophet outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods on two challenging knowledge-based VQA datasets, OK-VQA and A-OKVQA, delivering 61.1% and 55.7% accuracies on their testing sets, respectively.[8] |
| 2023 | March 6 | Study | A paper explores the potential of using LLMs as zero-shot human models for human-robot interaction (HRI). Human models are important for HRI, but they are challenging to create. LLMs have consumed vast amounts of human-generated text data and can be used as human models without prior knowledge or interaction data. The authors conducted experiments on three social datasets and found that LLMs can achieve performance comparable to purpose-built models, but there are limitations such as sensitivity to prompts and spatial/numerical reasoning issues. The authors demonstrate how LLM-based human models can be integrated into a social robot's planning process and applied in HRI scenarios through a case study on a simulated trust-based table-clearing task and a robot utensil-passing experiment. The results show that LLMs offer a promising approach to human modeling for HRI, but it is incomplete.[9] |
| 2023 | March 6 | Study | A paper proposes a perspective on prompts for LLMs that distinguishes between diegetic and non-diegetic prompts, and studies how users write with LLMs using different user interfaces. The results show that when the interface offered multiple suggestions and provided an option for non-diegetic prompting, participants preferred choosing from multiple suggestions over controlling them via non-diegetic prompts. When participants provided non-diegetic prompts it was to ask for inspiration, topics or facts. Single suggestions in particular were guided both with diegetic and non-diegetic information. The paper informs human-AI interaction with generative models by revealing that writing non-diegetic prompts requires effort, people combine diegetic and non-diegetic prompting, and they use their draft and suggestion timing to strategically guide LLMs.[10] |
| 2023 | March 7 | A paper presents SynthIE, a method for synthetic data generation that LLMs to generate plausible text for structured outputs in the opposite direction. The authors demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach on closed information extraction, where collecting ground-truth data is challenging, and no satisfactory dataset exists to date. They synthetically generate a dataset of 1.8 million data points, demonstrate its superior quality compared to existing datasets in a human evaluation, and use it to fine-tune small models (220M and 770M parameters). The models they introduce outperform existing baselines of comparable size with a substantial gap in micro and macro F1 scores. Code, data, and models are available for reproducibility.[11] |
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References
- ↑ Subhash, Varshini (5 January 2023). "Can Large Language Models Change User Preference Adversarially?". arXiv:2302.10291 [cs]. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2302.10291.
- ↑ Lanzi, Pier Luca; Loiacono, Daniele (9 February 2023). "ChatGPT and Other Large Language Models as Evolutionary Engines for Online Interactive Collaborative Game Design". arXiv:2303.02155 [cs]. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2303.02155.
- ↑ Wang, Sheng; Zhao, Zihao; Ouyang, Xi; Wang, Qian; Shen, Dinggang (2023). "ChatCAD: Interactive Computer-Aided Diagnosis on Medical Image using Large Language Models". doi:10.48550/arXiv.2302.07257.
- ↑ Daull, Xavier; Bellot, Patrice; Bruno, Emmanuel; Martin, Vincent; Murisasco, Elisabeth (17 February 2023). "Complex QA and language models hybrid architectures, Survey". arXiv:2302.09051 [cs]. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2302.09051.
- ↑ White, Jules; Fu, Quchen; Hays, Sam; Sandborn, Michael; Olea, Carlos; Gilbert, Henry; Elnashar, Ashraf; Spencer-Smith, Jesse; Schmidt, Douglas C. (21 February 2023). "A Prompt Pattern Catalog to Enhance Prompt Engineering with ChatGPT". arXiv:2302.11382 [cs]. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2302.11382.
- ↑ Peng, Baolin; Galley, Michel; He, Pengcheng; Cheng, Hao; Xie, Yujia; Hu, Yu; Huang, Qiuyuan; Liden, Lars; Yu, Zhou; Chen, Weizhu; Gao, Jianfeng (1 March 2023). "Check Your Facts and Try Again: Improving Large Language Models with External Knowledge and Automated Feedback". arXiv:2302.12813 [cs]. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2302.12813.
- ↑ Yuan, Yang (2023). "Succinct Representations for Concepts". doi:10.48550/arXiv.2303.00446.
- ↑ Shao, Zhenwei; Yu, Zhou; Wang, Meng; Yu, Jun (3 March 2023). "Prompting Large Language Models with Answer Heuristics for Knowledge-based Visual Question Answering". arXiv:2303.01903 [cs]. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2303.01903.
- ↑ Zhang, Bowen; Soh, Harold (6 March 2023). "Large Language Models as Zero-Shot Human Models for Human-Robot Interaction". arXiv:2303.03548 [cs]. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2303.03548.
- ↑ Dang, Hai; Goller, Sven; Lehmann, Florian; Buschek, Daniel (6 March 2023). "Choice Over Control: How Users Write with Large Language Models using Diegetic and Non-Diegetic Prompting". arXiv:2303.03199 [cs]. doi:10.1145/3544548.3580969. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
- ↑ Josifoski, Martin; Sakota, Marija; Peyrard, Maxime; West, Robert (7 March 2023). "Exploiting Asymmetry for Synthetic Training Data Generation: SynthIE and the Case of Information Extraction". arXiv:2303.04132 [cs]. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2303.04132.
