Timeline of dentistry
From Timelines
This is a timeline of dentistry.
Contents
Big picture
| Time period | Development summary |
|---|---|
| Ancient times | Dating back to 7000 B.C., dentistry is one of the oldest medical professions. The earliest records on dentistry date back to the Indus Valley Civilization. At around 5000 BC, descriptions related to dentistry and tooth decay become available. At the time, a Sumerian text describes tooth worms as causing dental decay, an idea that wouldn't prove false until the 1700s.[1] |
| Middle age | In the Early Middle Ages in Europe monks act as doctors, surgeons and dentists. However in the early 12th century the Church forbids clergy to do operations of any kind. This gives place to the merge of craftsmen called a barber-surgeons. As well as cutting hair and doing surgery, barber-surgeons pull teeth. People clean their teeth by chewing twigs. Others make toothpaste from things like crushed eggshells. However there are no toothbrushes at the time.[2] |
| 17th century | In Europe, some barber-surgeons begin to specialize in dentistry. Toothbrushes are introduced into England in the mid-century.[2] |
| 18th century | Dentistry becomes more scientific[2] and a more defined profession.[1] |
Full timeline
| Year | Event type | Details | Country/region |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7000 BC | Human remains at the Mehgarh Neolithic site in Baluchistan, Pakistan, dating from that time show early evidence of dentistry. Holes in eleven teeth found on the site were intentionally made using ancient flint drill bits. The slight decay on the teeth suggests the patients had their teeth drilled to rid themselves of tooth decay.[3] | Pakistan | |
| 5000 BC | A Sumerian text describes “tooth worms” as the cause of dental decay.[2] | Iraq | |
| 3000 BC | Egyptian high official Hesy-Ra is one of the earliest dental practitioners remembered by name.[3] | Egypt | |
| 2900 BC – 2750 BC | Egyptian skulls dating from that period contain evidence of small holes in the jaw in the vicinity of a tooth’s roots. Such holes are believed to have been drilled to drain abscesses.[4] | Egypt | |
| 2500 BC | Oral surgery is thought to be practiced in Egypt this early.[4] | Egypt | |
| 1700 BC – 1500 BC | The Ebers Papyrus in Egypt refers to diseases of the teeth and various toothache remedies.[5] | Egypt | |
| 1500 BC | Accounts of dental treatment appear in Egyptian scrolls dating from that time.[4] | Egypt | |
| 600 BC | An early attempt at tooth replacement dates to Phoenicia, where missing teeth are replaced with animal teeth and are bound into place with cord.[4] | Lebanon | |
| 400 BC | Greek physician Hippocrates describes diseases of the mouth.[2] | Greece | |
| 384–322 BC | Aristotle writes about dentistry, describing tooth growth, tooth decay, and gum disease. Like Hippocrates, Aristotle also develops treatment methods, such as using forceps to pull teeth and using wires to attach loose teeth.[3] | Greece | |
| 300 BC | The Greeks develop some techniques for addressing tooth maladies.[3] | Greece | |
| 100 BC | "Celsus, a Roman medical writer, writes extensively in his important compendium of medicine on oral hygiene, stabilization of loose teeth, and treatments for toothache, teething pain, and jaw fractures."[5] | ||
| 166 AD – 201 AD | The Etruscans, an ancient civilization located in current Italy, are thought to have been excellent dentists.[2] The Etruscans practice dental prosthetics using gold crowns and fixed bridgework.[5] | Italy | |
| 700 | "A medical text in China mentions the use of “silver paste,” a type of amalgam."[5] | China | |
| 1210 | "A Guild of Barbers is established in France. Barbers eventually evolve into two groups: surgeons who were educated and trained to perform complex surgical operations; and lay barbers, or barber-surgeons, who performed more routine hygienic services including shaving, bleeding and tooth extraction."[5] | France | |
| 1400 | "A series of royal decrees in France prohibit lay barbers from practicing all surgical procedures except bleeding, cupping, leeching, and extracting teeth."[5] | France | |
| 1498 | The toothbrush is invented by the Chinese. The device would take a long time to reach Europe.[2] | China | |
| 1530 | Zene Artzney Buchlein wider allerlei kranckeyten und gebrechen der tzeen (The Little Medicinal Book for All Kinds of Diseases and Infirmities of the Teeth) becomes the first book devoted entirely to dentistry. Published in Germany, it is written in German instead of Latin. The book addresses barber-surgeons and surgeons, who treat the mouth, rather than university-trained physicians, who ignore all diseases of the teeth. Subsequent to this publication, other surgeons would publish texts incorporating aspects of dental treatment.[3][4] | Germany | |
| 1575 | "1575, a French surgeon named Ambrose Pare — known as the "Father of Surgery" — published his "Complete Works," which included surgical dentistry techniques."[3] | ||
| 1685 | "In 1685, Charles Allen became the first to publish a dental textbook in English. "The Operator for the Teeth" guided a dental practitioner beyond simply extracting teeth, and it included instructions for helping patients relax before treatment as well as making homemade dentifrice to whiten teeth."[3] | ||
| 1728 | French surgeon Pierre Fauchard publishes Le Chirurgien Dentiste ("The Surgeon Dentist"). His text includes the revelation that sugar causes tooth decay, dispelling the outdated belief that tooth worms and evil spirits are responsible for dental woes.[2][3][1] | France | |
| 1746 | "Claude Mouton describes a gold crown and post to be retained in the root canal. He also recommends white enameling for gold crowns for a more esthetic appearance." | ||
| 1766 | "In 1766, John Baker, a dentist who was trained in England, immigrated to the United States and began practicing dentistry. His most famous patient was George Washington, for whom he created a set of ivory dentures."[3] | ||
| 1760 – 1780 | "Isaac Greenwood practices as the first native-born American dentist."[3] | United States | |
| 1770 | Porcelain false teeth are invented.[2] | ||
| 1771 | British surgeon John Hunter publishes The Natural History of the Human Teeth.[2] | United Kingdom | |
| 1789 | "Frenchman Nicolas Dubois de Chemant receives the first patent for porcelain teeth."[5] | France | |
| 1790 | "John Greenwood, son of Isaac Greenwood and one of George Washington’s dentists, constructs the first known dental foot engine. He adapts his mother’s foot treadle spinning wheel to rotate a drill."[5] | ||
| 1790 | American dentist Josiah Flagg constructs the first chair made specifically for dental patients.[2] | United States | |
| 1801 | "Richard C. Skinner writes the Treatise on the Human Teeth, the first dental book published in America."[5] | United States | |
| c.1820 | Amalgam is first used in Europe.[2] | ||
| 1825 | "Samuel Stockton begins commercial manufacture of porcelain teeth. His S.S. White Dental Manufacturing Company establishes and dominates the dental supply market throughout the 19th century."[5] | United States | |
| 1832 | James Snell invents the first reclining dental chair.[2] | ||
| 1839 | The American Journal of Dental Science is launched. It is the world’s first dental journal.[5] | United States | |
| 1840 | The Baltimore College of Dental Surgery (today University of Maryland School of Dentistry) opens, becoming the first dental school in the United States.[3] | United States | |
| 1840 | The American Society of Dental Surgeons is founded as the world’s first national dental organization. It would dissolve in 1856.[3][6] | United States | |
| 1846 | Henry Morton demonstrates the use of ether as an anesthetic in dentistry.[2] | ||
| 1855 | "Robert Arthur originates the cohesive gold foil method allowing dentists to insert gold into a cavity with minimal pressure. The foil is fabricated by annealing, a process of passing gold through a flame making it soft and malleable."[5] | ||
| 1859 | The American Dental Association is established as a mercury amalgam promoting dental group.[1][6] | United States | |
| 1860 | The British Royal College of Surgeons introducea the Surgeons Licence in Dental Surgery.[2] | United Kingdom | |
| 1864 | "Sanford C. Barnum develops the rubber dam, a piece of elastic rubber fitted over a tooth by means of weights. This simple device isolates the tooth from the oral cavity, a troublesome problem for dentists."[5] | ||
| 1864 | George Fellows invents a clockwork dental drill.[2] | ||
| 1867 | Harvard University Dental School is established as an early university-affiliated dental institution.[1] | United States | |
| 1871 | "James B. Morrison patents the first commercially manufactured foot-treadle dental engine. Morrison’s inexpensive, mechanized tool supplies dental burs with enough speed to cut enamel and dentin smoothly and quickly, revolutionizing the practice of dentistry."[5] | ||
| 1871 | "The American George F. Green receives a patent for the first electric dental engine, a self-contained motor and handpiece."[5] | ||
| 1873 | "By 1873, Colgate had mass produced the first toothpaste, and mass-produced toothbrushes followed a few years later."[1] | ||
| 1875 | American dentist George Green invents an electric dental drill.[2][7] | ||
| 1877 | Basil Manly Wilkerson invents a hydraulic chair (now called Wilkerson dental chair).[2] | ||
| 1879 | A register of dentists is set up in Britain.[2] | United Kingdom | |
| 1880 | The British Dental Association is founded.[8] | United Kingdom | |
| 1880s | "The collapsible metal tube revolutionizes toothpaste manufacturing and marketing. Dentifrice had been available only in liquid or powder form, usually made by individual dentists, and sold in bottles, porcelain pots, or paper boxes. Tube toothpaste, in contrast, is mass-produced in factories, mass-marketed, and sold nation-wide. In twenty years, it becomes the norm."[5] | ||
| 1890 | "Willoughby Miller an American dentist in Germany, notes the microbial basis of dental decay in his book Micro-Organisms of the Human Mouth. This generates an unprecedented interest in oral hygiene and starts a world-wide movement to promote regular toothbrushing and flossing."[5] | ||
| 1895 | German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen discovers the x-ray.[8] | ||
| 1899 | "Edward Hartley Angle classifies the various forms of malocclusion. Credited with making orthodontics into a dental specialty, Angle also establishes the first school of orthodontics (Angle School of Orthodontia in St. Louis, 1900), the first orthodontic society (American Society of Orthodontia, 1901), and the first dental specialty journal (American Orthodontist, 1907)" | ||
| 1901 | "Edward H. Angle, who started the first school of orthodontics in 1901, created a simple classification for crooked teeth in the late 1800s, a system still in use today"[1] | United States | |
| 1921 | New law introduced in Britain stipulates that only registered dentists could practice dentistry.[2] | United Kingdom | |
| 1896 | The first dental X-ray is used.[1] | ||
| 1903 | "Charles Land devises the porcelain jacket crown."[8] | ||
| 1905 | German chemist Alfred Einhorn formulates the local anesthetic procain, later marketed under the trade name Novocain.[8] | Germany | |
| 1907 | "William Taggart invents a “lost wax” casting machine, allowing dentists to make precision cast fillings."[8] | ||
| 1908 | "Greene Vardiman Black, the leading reformer and educator of American dentistry, publishes his monumental two-volume treatise Operative Dentistry, which remains the essential clinical dental text for fifty years. Black later develops techniques for filling teeth, standardizes operative procedures and instrumentation, develops an improved amalgam, and pioneers the use of visual aids for teaching dentistry."[8] | United States | |
| 1911 | "The U.S. Army Dental Corps is established as the first armed services dental corps in the U.S. The Navy institutes its Dental Corps in 1912."[5] | ||
| 1913 | "Alfred C. Fones opens the Fones Clinic For Dental Hygienists in Bridgeport, Connecticut, the world’s first oral hygiene school. "[5] | ||
| 1917 | "Irene Newman receives the world’s first dental hygiene license in Connecticut."[5] | ||
| 1924 | Organization | The American Dental Assistants Association is founded.[8] | United States |
| 1930 | "The American Board of Orthodontics, the world’s first dental specialty board, is founded"[5] | ||
| 1937 | "Alvin Strock inserts the first Vitallium dental screw implant. Vitallium, the first successful biocompatible implant metal, had been developed a year earlier by Charles Venable, an orthopedic surgeon."[5] | ||
| 1938 | "The nylon toothbrush, the first made with synthetic bristles, appears on the market."[8] | ||
| 1945 | "The water fluoridation era begins when the cities of Newburgh, New York, and Grand Rapids, Michigan, add sodium fluoride to their public water systems."[8] | ||
| 1949 | "Oskar Hagger, a Swiss chemist, develops the first system of bonding acrylic resin to dentin."[8] | ||
| 1950 | "The first fluoride toothpastes are marketed."[8] | ||
| 1955 | "Michael Buonocore describes the acid etch technique, a simple method of increasing the adhesion of acrylic fillings to enamel." [8] | ||
| 1957 | "John Borden introduces a high-speed air-driven contra-angle handpiece. The Airotor obtains speeds up to 300,000 rotations per minute and is an immediate commercial success, launching a new era of high-speed dentistry." [8] | ||
| 1957 | The air turbine dental drill (using compressed air) is introduced.[2] | ||
| 1958 | "A fully reclining dental chair is introduced."[8] | ||
| 1960 | "Lasers are developed and approved for soft tissue work, such as treatment of periodontal disease."[5] | ||
| 1962 | "Rafael Bowen develops Bis-GMA, the thermoset resin complex used in most modern composite resin restorative materials."[8] | ||
| 1980 | "Per-Ingvar Branemark describes techniques for the osseointegration of dental implants."[8] | ||
| 1989 | The first commercial home tooth bleaching product is marketed.[8] | ||
| 1990 | "New tooth-colored restorative materials plus increased usage of bleaching, veneers, and implants inaugurate an era of esthetic dentistry."[5] | ||
| 1997 | "FDA approves the erbium YAG laser, the first for use on dentin, to treat tooth decay."[5] |
Meta information on the timeline
How the timeline was built
The initial version of the timeline was written by User:Sebastian.
Funding information for this timeline is available.
Feedback and comments
Feedback for the timeline can be provided at the following places:
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What the timeline is still missing
- https://www.britannica.com/science/dentistry
- https://www.renkendentistry.com/the-history-of-dentistry/
- http://www.knowyourteeth.com/infobites/abc/article/?abc=H&iid=305&aid=1256
- http://www.speareducation.com/spear-review/2013/08/a-brief-history-of-dental-anesthesia
- https://www.grunge.com/116850/disturbing-history-dentistry/
- https://www.dentalcare.com/en-us/professional-education/ce-courses/ce394/history-of-dental-lasers
- http://www.ancientpages.com/2018/06/22/ancient-history-of-dentistry/
- https://timbercrest.dental/a-history-of-dentistry/
- https://www.twindental.com/history-of-dentistry/
- https://www.dentistry4u.com/history-of-dentistry/
Timeline update strategy
See also
External links
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 "HISTORY OF DENTISTRY". adea.org. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 "A BRIEF HISTORY OF DENTISTRY". localhistories.org. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 "A Brief History of Dentistry". carefreedental.com. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 "Dentistry". britannica.com. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
- ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 5.20 5.21 5.22 5.23 5.24 "History of Dentistry Timeline". ada.org. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Dentists are Dangerous?? What do you think of this article? Are your patients reading things like this?". mosaicmanagementgroup.com. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
- ↑ "First electric dental drill: Jan. 26, 1875". healthcentral.com. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
- ↑ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 8.16 "The History of Dentistry". namibiadent.com. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
