Timeline of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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This is a timeline of the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention


Big picture

Year/period Key developments

Timeline

Year Type of event Event Present time geographical location
1942 "in early 1942, citing a need for better malaria control in military areas, the Public Health Service obtained money to create Malaria Control in War Areas (MCWA), which they headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia" "The Communicable Disease Center was organized in Atlanta, Georgia, on July 1, 1946; its founder, Dr. Joseph W. Mountin"
1946 The CDC opens as the "Communicable Disease Center" in the old Office of Malaria Council in War Areas of downtown Atlanta.[1]
1947 The CDC’s headquarters become permanently attached to Atlanta after Emory University provides 15 acres of land.[2]
1949 CDC begins tackling salmonella.[3]
1951 The CDC's Epidemic Intelligence Service program is established. It would last two years, giving fellows on-the-job training in surveillance and response units that deal with all sorts of epidemics including chronic disease, injuries and, now, bioterrorism.[4][5]
1953 The CDC National Tuberculosis Surveillance System is established.[6]
1955 The CDC establishes the Polio Surveillance Unit.[1]
1956 The CDC develops a fluorescent antibody test for rapidly identifying bacterial and viral pathogens.[1]
1958 The CDC establishes the Influenza Surveillance Unit (1958).[1]
Late 1950s The CDC acquires exclusive federal authority over communicable diseases.[7]
1960 The CDC sets national blood lead levels of concern at sixty micrograms per deciliter of blood.[8]
1961 The CDC starts publishing weekly magazine Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), a weekly compilation of deaths and disease causes from all over the United States..[9][10]
1961 The CDC starts to explore birth defects and its association with cancer.[11]
1962 The CDC lipid reference laboratory is designated as the WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research in Blood Lipids.[12]
1962 Ihe CDC schedule recommends 3 childhood vaccines by age 5.[13]
1965 The CDC teams with USAID and proposes including smallpox eradication. Both organizations would spend the next year generating support among the 18 West and Central African countries that are prospective hosts for the program and working out collaboration with WHO.[14]
1966 The CDC begins the worldwide smallpox eradication campaign in Africa.[15]
1967 The CDC is renamed the National Communicable Disease Center.[16]
1967 The CDC acquires quarantine authority.[17]
1968 The CDC Laboratory-based Enteric Disease Surveillance system (LEDS) is established, and begins collecting serotype and demographic data for every Salmonella isolate obtained from a human and submitted to US state and territorial public health laboratories.[18]
1969 The CDC helps set up a quarantine protocol for the Apollo 11 astronauts after their first walk on the moon.[19]
1970 The CDC establishes the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance system, to monitor trends in infections acquired in hospital settings.[1]
1970 The CDC releases guidelines designed to isolate specific patients in given areas within a hospital.4-6 Seven categories of isolation are described.[20]
1971 The CDC discovers that hepatitis B is sexually transmitted.[1]
1971 The CDC begins a cooperative effort with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to stimulate investigation and reporting of waterborne outbreaks with the goal of prevention.[21]
1972 The CDC campaigns to eradicate measles all together by 1982.[22]
1973 The CDC develops the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).[1]
1974 In 1974, the CDC initiated the SENIC project, which thereafter collected data in 338 randomly selected US hospitals. The objectives of the study are to estimate the magnitude of the nosocomial infection problem in US hospitals, to describe the extent of hospitals' infection surveillance and control programs, and to evaluate the efficacy and effectiveness of these programs in reducing nosocomial infection risks.[23]
1975 The CDC publishes its first statement on lead poisoning, "Increased. Lead Absorption and Lead Poisoning in. Young Children."[24]
1977 The CDC first publishes recommendations for the control of hepatitis B in dialysis. This is later replaced by the current recommendations for preventing the transmission of infections in dialysis facilities.[25]
Late 1970s The CDC formulates a list of its main priorities, the most serious health problems facing the United States. The list includes smoking, alcohol abuse, unwanted pregnancies, car accidents, workplace injuries, environmental hazards, social disorders, suicide, homicide, mental illness, and stress.[7]
1979 The world is declared smallpox-free.[15]
1979 The CDC endorses the goal of reducing the number of privately owned handguns, with an initial target of a 25 percent decrease by 2000.[7]
1980 The CDC is renamed the Centers (plural) for Disease Control and begins to establish various centers within the CDC such as the National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH).[16]
1980 The CDC begins assisting other countries to develop their own field epidemiology training programs (FETPs), modeling them after the highly successful Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) program.[26]
1983 The CDC schedule raises recommendation to 10 childhood vaccines by age 5.[13]
1983 CDC establishes the Violence Epidemiology Branch to focus its public health efforts in violence prevention.[27]
1984 The CDC’s Prevention Research Center program is authorized by the United States Congress as a network of academic health centers to conduct applied public health research.[27]
1986 CDC establishes the Division of Epidemiology and Control.[27]
1988 The CDC mails information related to the prevention of AIDS to every household in America. However, these advancements are only to name a few
1992 The CDC again changes its name to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.[16]
1992 The CDC establishes a National Center for Injury Prevention and Control.[16]
1994 "CDC and the National Institute of Justice collaborate on the National Violence against Women Survey. The survey, conducted in 1995- 1996, provides the first national data on the incidence and prevalence of intimate partner violence, sexual violence, and stalking."[27]
2000 "CDC receives congressional appropriations to establish 10 National Academic Centers of Excellence for Youth Violence Prevention."[27]
2004 2010 "The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded the Centers for Public Health Preparedness (CPHP) Cooperative Agreement program from 2004 through 2010. CDC gave approximately $134 million to 27 CPHPs within accredited schools of public health to enhance the relationship between academia and state and local health agencies to strengthen public health preparedness"
2014 "On September 30, 2014, CDC confirmed the first travel-associated case of Ebola (the index case) to be diagnosed in the United States in a man who had traveled from West Africa to Dallas, Texas, and later sought medical care at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas after developing symptoms consistent with Ebola. That patient passed away from Ebola on October 8, 2014."
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)". bellarmine.edu. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  2. ↑ "A brief history of the CDC". mosaicscience.com. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  3. ↑ "Playing Chicken". thewalrus.ca. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  4. ↑ "Epidemiology: The spread of epidemiology". ph.ucla.edu. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  5. ↑ Concepts and Methods in Infectious Disease Surveillance (Nkuchia M. M'ikanatha, John Iskander ed.). 
  6. ↑ "Tuberculosis Surveillance and Control, Puerto Rico, 1898–2015". cdc.gov. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "The Reason Article: What The Doctor Orders". acsh.org. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  8. ↑ "THE LINGERING LIFE OF LEAD POLLUTION: AN ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE CHALLENGE FOR INDIANA" (PDF). mckinneylaw.iu.edu. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  9. ↑ "10 Things You Didn't Know About the CDC". usnews.com. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  10. ↑ Swedin, Eric Gottfrid. Science in the Contemporary World: An Encyclopedia. 
  11. ↑ "History and Mission Statement of the National Center for Birth Defects". amandavasi.agnesscott.org. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  12. ↑ "CDC". jstage.jst.go.jp. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "HAVE ID LEGISLATORS SOLD OUT TO BIG PHARMA?". bonnercountydailybee.com. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  14. ↑ "cdc". documents.worldbank.org. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 "Poster promoting the importance of Smallpox vaccination". vaccinews.net. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 "Medical Examiners, Coroners, and Public Health: A Review and Update". archivesofpathology.org. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  17. ↑ Prah Ruger, Jennifer. "Control of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR-TB): A Root Cause Analysis". PMC 3324909Freely accessible. PMID 22506090. 
  18. ↑ "Epidemiology of Salmonella enterica Serotype Dublin Infections among Humans, United States, 1968–2013". cdc.gov. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  19. ↑ "50 years of keeping bugs at bay: inside the CDC's quarantine program". statnews.com. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  20. ↑ "New CDC Infection Control Guidelines for Dentistry". dentistrytoday.com. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  21. ↑ Hughes, James M.; Merson, Michael H.; Craun, Gunther F.; McCabe, Leland J. "Outbreaks of Waterborne Disease in the United States, 1973". The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 
  22. ↑ "Fall and Rise of Measles". scialert.net. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  23. ↑ Bacterial Infections of Humans: Epidemiology and Control (Alfred S. Evans, Philip S. Brachman ed.). 
  24. ↑ "Childhood Lead Poisoning: The Promise and Abandonment of Primary Prevention". ajph.aphapublications.org. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  25. ↑ "Infection Control in the Dialysis Setting". infectioncontroltoday.com. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
  26. ↑ Schneider, Dana; Evering-Watley, Michele; Walke, Henry; Bloland, Peter B. "Training the Global Public Health Workforce Through Applied Epidemiology Training Programs: CDC's Experience, 1951–2011". doi:10.1007/BF03391627. 
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 27.4 "The History of Violence as a Public Health Issue" (PDF). cdc.gov. Retrieved 7 February 2019. 
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