Changes

== Papers More information =={| class="sortable wikitable"! Year !! Taxon !! tissue, organ or whole body? !! ApproxSome events that weren't important enough to make it into this timeline are noted in the Google Sheet [https://docs.google. mass, kg !! Lowest temperature (°C) after which a successful reanimation was achieved !! Healthy brain activity com/ behavior after reanimation? !! Referencespreadsheets/d/1uEvT8oHOQJOOYzYglkFgrEgKbhbkz1A0jdO5OYZPwEk/ Timeline of cryonics - not significant enough].

|-| 1876 || Guinea pig (C. porcellus) || whole || 1 || 18 || Unknown || [https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1959.tb49209.x Bernard, 1876]|-| 1881 || Marmots (Marmota) || whole || 3 || 0 || Likely yes (adapted to hibernation) || [https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1959.tb49209.x Horvath, 1881]|-| 1912 || Schreibers' bat (M. schreibersii) || whole || 0.02 || -4 || Unknown || [http://priroda.ras.ru/ Bachmetiev, 1912]|-| 1933 || Bats (Chiroptera) || whole || 0.004 || 0 || Unknown || [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1376212?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Eisentraut, 1933]|-| 1949 || Human: unnamed donors || red blood cells || 9E-14 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.nature.com/articles/164666a0 Smith et al, 1949]|-| 1949 || Human: unnamed donors || spermatozoa || 3E-15 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18143360?dopt=Abstract Polge et al, 1949]|-| 1950 || Tardigrades (Tardigrada) || whole || 2E-11 || -272 || Unknown || [https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms12808 Becquerel, 1950]|-| 1950 || Mammals (Mammalia) || skin || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Kreyberg, Hanssen, 1950 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1951 || Human: unnamed 23yo woman || whole || 60 || 16 || Yes (no abnormalities observed) || [https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/312807 Laufmann, 1951]|-| 1951 || Brown rat (R. norvegicus) || whole || 0.2 || 0 || Unknown || [https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1959.tb49209.x Andjus, 1951]|-| 1952 || European rabbit (O. cuniculus) || skin || <0,1 || -150 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [http://jeb.biologists.org/content/29/3/454.short Billingham, Medawar, 1952]|-| 1953 || Primate: lemur C. major || whole || 0.4 || 19 || Unknown || [https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1959.tb49209.x Bourliere et al, 1953]|-| 1955 || House mouse (M. musculus) || spleen || 0.0001 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://academic.oup.com/jnci/article-abstract/15/4/901/915080 Barnes,Loutit, 1955]|-| 1955 || Brown rat (R. norvegicus) || whole || 0.2 || -3 || Unknown || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1365903/ Andjus, 1955]|-| 1956 || Brown rat (R. norvegicus) || whole || 0.2 || 0 || Yes (no abnormalities observed) || [https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1959.tb49209.x Andjus, 1956]|-| 1956 || Golden hamster (M. auratus) || whole || 0.1 || -1 || Yes (no abnormalities observed) || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13359396 Lovelock, Smith, 1956]|-| 1957 || Mammals (Mammalia) || ovarian tissue || 0.0000000005 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Parkes, 1957 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1957 || Primate: some Simiiformes || whole || 4 || 11 || Yes (habits An exhaustive list of publicly known preserved, no abnormalities) || [https://journals.lww.com/surveyanesthesiology/citation/1957/12000/profound_hypothermia_in_the_monkey_with_recovery.1.aspx Niazi and Lewis, 1957]|-| 1957 || Brown rat patients (R. norvegicus) || sup. сervic. ganglion || 0.0000005 || -79 || full recovery including a yet incomplete evaluation of the quality of synaptic function || [https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/abs/10.1098/rspb.1957.0071 Pascoe, Parkes, 1957]|-| 1958 || Mammals (Mammaliatheir preservation) || renal tissue || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || Vieuchange, can be found in the Google Sheet [https://wwwdocs.sciencedirectgoogle.com/sciencespreadsheets/articled/pii/0011224080900449 1958 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1958 || Leisler's bat (N. leisleri) || whole || 0.01 || -7 || Unknown || [https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1959.tb49209.x Kalabukhov, 1958]|-| 1959 || Mammals (Mammalia) || thyroid tissue || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Parkes, 1959 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1959 || Golden hamster (M. auratus) || whole || 0.1 || -5 || Unknown || [https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1959.tb49209.x Andjus, 1959]|-| 1959 || European rabbit (O. cuniculus) || whole || 2 || 14 || Unknown || [https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1959.tb49209.x Andjus, 1959]|-| 1959 || Human: brain surgery 1vBrlNvPkPQbLKxtSUlTF_ZpUS4lwW2W7lENRj9Gdk3I List of cryonics patients || whole || 60 || 28 || Likely yes (a standard praxis in 2018) || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4166101/ Soleimanpour et al, 2014]|-| 1961 || Mammals (Mammalia) || adrenal cortex || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Smith, 1961 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1961 || Mammals (Mammalia) || epididymis || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Smith, 1961 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1961 || Mammals (Mammalia) || fallopian tube || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Smith, 1961 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1961 || Mammals (Mammalia) || hypophysis || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Smith, 1961 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1961 || Mammals (Mammalia) || parathyroid glands || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Russell et al, 1961 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1961 || Mammals (Mammalia) || prostate gland (ps.) || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Smith, 1961 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1961 || Mammals (Mammalia) || seminal vesicles || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Smith, 1961 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1961 || Mammals (Mammalia) || testicular tissue || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Smith, 1961 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1961 || Golden hamster (M. auratus) || heart || 0.001 || -20 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19620102256 Smith, 1961]|-| 1961 || European rabbit (O. cuniculus) || heart || 0.04 || -21 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27072955 Connaughton, Lewis, 1961]|-| 1961 || Guinea pig (C. porcellus) || uteri || 0.002 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Smith, 1961]|-| 1963 || Domestic dog (C. lupus f.) || ureters || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Barner et al, 1963]|-| 1964 || House mouse (M. musculus) || thymus glands || 0.00005 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Playfair et al, 1964]|-| 1966 || Cat (Felis catus) || brain (A detailed account of membership statistics of cryonics organisations has been compiled in vitro) || 0.03 || -20 || EEG similar to the control || [https://www.nature.com/articles/212268a0 I. Suda et al, 1966]|-| 1967 || Domestic dog (C. lupus f.) || small intestine || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || Google Sheet [https://wwwdocs.sciencedirectgoogle.com/science/articlespreadsheets/piid/0011224080900449 Hailmton, Lehr, 1967]|-| 1972 || Mammals (Mammalia) || heart (fetal) || <0,1 || 1CW5tyCLp-79 || Irrelevant jGT4ta4k1esDaw- no brain tissue || [https:I2eKd7rcI7jhcQEk4NE//www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 David, 1972 (via Fahy, 1980)Cryonic members statistics]|-| 1973 || Domestic dog (C. lupus f.) || kidney || 0.02 || -22 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27072955 Dietzman et alalthough not all organisations share all, 1973]|-| 1974 || Mammals (Mammaliaor any of their membership statistics) || bone marrow || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Karow et al, 1974 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1974 || Cat (Felis catus) || brain (A detailed account of patient statistics has been compiled in vitro) || 0.03 || -20 || activity, but some EEG abnormalities || the Google Sheet [https://wwwdocs.sciencedirectgoogle.com/sciencespreadsheets/articled/pii15Ix7iocvo5WdNgtC3MSkYlyysV95_TrJjK87Z371FrY/0006899374902637 I. Suda et al, 1974Cryonic patients statistics]|-| 1974 || Mammals (Mammalia) || cornea || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Karow et alThe membership and patient statistics should be updated at the beginning of every year, 1974 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1977 || Mammals (Mammalia) || embryos || 0.0000000005 || -79 || Unknown || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Elliot, Whelan, 1977 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1977 || Brown rat (R. norvegicus) || pancreases (fetal) || <0,1 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0011224080900449 Kemp et al, 1977 (via Fahy, 1980)]|-| 1980 || Brown rat (R. norvegicus) || fetal brain tissue || <0,1 || -90 || Successful transplantation into a rat brain || [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0006899380909099 Houle, Das, 1980]|-| 1983 || Human: unnamed donors || brain tissue || <0,1 || -70 || Metabolically, functionally active synapses || [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb08024.x Hardy et al, 1983]|-| 1984 || Salamander S. keyserlingii || whole || 0.01 || -32 || Unknown || [https://eurekamag.com/research/006/919/006919627.php Berman et al, 1984]|-| 1984 || Human: unnamed donors || astrocytes (culture) || <0,1 || -70 || Astrocytes were growing in culture || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6475502 Kim et al, 1984]|-| 1986 || Brown rat (R. norvegicus) || fetal brain cells || <0,1 || -90 || cultures indistinguishable after the publication of the statistics from controls || [https://wwwlast year.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0006899386912229 Kawamoto, Barrett, 1986]|-| 1986 || Human: unnamed donors || oocytes || 0.0000000005 || -196 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2870356 ChenAll those external lists are editable, 1986]|-| 1986 || Human: a 9-14 week abortus || fetal brain tissue || <0,1 || -80 || Brain cells were growing in culture || [https://wwwand everyone is encouraged to contribute to them.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3518539 Groscurth et al., 1986]|-| 1986 || House mouse (M. musculus) || brain cells (culture) || <0,1 || -15 || Normal electrical activity, regeneration || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3943556 Scott, Lew, 1986]|-| 1986 || Human: unnamed || whole (embryo) || 0.0000000005 || -196 || Likely yes (a standard praxis They are all available in 2018) || the Google Folder [https://wwwdrive.scientificamericangoogle.com/article/how-do-embryos-survive-th/ Graham, 2005]|-| 1986 || Human: Michelle Funk || whole || 10 || 19 || Yes (no abnormalities observed) || [https://survivor-story.com/miracle-2-year-old-recovers-hour-underwater/ Clawson, 2013]|-| 1989 || Squirrel S. parryii || whole || 0.9 || -3 || Unknown || [https://web.archive.org/web/20081216233837/http://users.iab.uaf.edu/~brian_barnes/publications/1989barnes.pdf Barnes, 1989]|-| 1989 || Brown rat (R. norvegicus) || Pancreas (islets) || 0.00000003 || -196 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(89)90701-0/fulltext Warnock, Rajotte, 1989]|-| 1994 || Domestic dog (C. lupus f.) || whole || 10 || 7 || Yes (no abnormalities observed) || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8555538open?doptid=Abstract Taylor et al, 1994]|1zRQIIVmh8Io-| 1999 || Human: Anna Bågenholm || whole || 70 || 14 || Yes (no abnormalities observed) || [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_B%C3%A5genholm Gilbert et al, 2000Ao5HZV1UtzkWTY61wbFI Cryonics Statistics]|-| 2000 || European rabbit (O. cuniculus) || kidney || 0.000008 || -3 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10919575 Kheirabadi, Fahy, 2000]|-| 2001 || Human: Erika Nordby || whole || 9 || 16 || Yes (no abnormalities observed) || [httpsUser://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erika_Nordby Greaves et al, 2002]|-| 2002 || Brown rat (R. norvegicus) || ovaries || 0.00001 || -79 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue Mati Roy|| [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27072955 Wang et al, 2002Mati Roy]|-| 2003 || Domestic dog (C. lupus f.) || whole || 20 || 10 || Yes (no abnormalities observed) || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12771628 Behringer et al, 2003]|-| 2003 || Domestic sheep (Ovis aries) || ovaries || 0created and is maintaining all of those Google Sheets.0001 || -140 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://wwwMost of the membership statistics were entered by someone anonymous.fertstert.org/article/S0015-0282(02)04842-2/fulltext Bedaiwy et al, 2003]|-| 2004 || European rabbit (O. cuniculus) || kidney || 0.000008 || -45 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || A list of papers tracking the development of cryonics is tracked in the GitHub repository [https://wwwgithub.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15094092 Fahy, 2004]|-| 2006 || Domestic pig (S. domesticus) || whole || 50 || 10 || Yes (no abnormalities observed) || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16456447 Alam et al, 2006, 2008]|-| 2007 || Human: aortic surgery patients || whole || 70 || 17 || Yes (no abnormalities observed) || [https:com/RomanPlusPlus/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17289482 Hayashida et al, 2007]|scientific-| 2008 || Domestic pig (S. domesticus) || liver || 2 || progress-40 || Irrelevant towards- no brain tissue || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18729808 Gavish, 2008cryonics Scientific progress towards cryonics]|-| 2009 || Beetle Upis ceramboides || whole || 0.0002 || -60 || Unknown || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19403530 Walters, 2009]|-| 2012 || Nematodes frozen for 26 years || whole || 0and is currently maintained by Roman.0000003 || -20 || Unknown || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22987239 Kagoshima et al, 2012]|-| 2015 || Nematode C. elegans || whole || 0.0000003 || -79 || Yes (long-term memory preserved) || The graphs from the [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4620520/ Vita-More, Barranco, 2015]|-| 2016 || Human: trauma patients || whole || 80 || 10 || Likely yes (ongoing clinical trial) || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26497780 Kutcher et al, 2016]#Trends|-| 2017 || Human: Tayyab Jafar || whole || 80 || 21 || Yes (no abnormalities observed) || [https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2017/02/19/this-queens-student-froze-to-death-on-a-kingston-pier-heres-how-he-came-back-to-life.html Ormsby, 2017Trends section]|-| 2018 || Nematodes frozen for 30+ tsd yrs || whole || 0.0000003 || -10 || Unknown || [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S0012496618030079 Shatilovich et al, 2018]|-| 2018 || Human: unnamed donors || liver || 2 || 5 || Irrelevant - no brain tissue || [https://journals.lww.com/transplantjournal/Abstract/2018/07001/Extending_the_Human_Liver_Preservation_Time_forcan be updated whenever the relevant external lists are.637.aspx Buchholz et al, 2018]|}