289
edits
Changes
full timeline: hamster row 1954-06: added source and link to youtube video
| 1950-05 || cryobiology || technological development || vitrification || Luyet, Gonzales || Luyet and Gonzales achieve successful vitrification of chicken embryo hearts using ethylene glycol.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gonzales|first=F.|last2=Luyet|first2=B.|date=May 1950|title=Resumption of heart-beat in chick embryo frozen in liquid nitrogen|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15426631|journal=Biodynamica|volume=7|issue=126-128|pages=1–5|issn=0006-3010|pmid=15426631}}</ref>
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| 1954-06 || suspended animation || science || nature || Smith et al. || Smith et al., demonstrate the ability of golden hamsters to recover and survive long term following the freezing of ~60% of the water in their brains and the survival a full recovery of hamsters cooled to -5°C.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Parkes|first=A. S.|last2=Lovelock|first2=J. E.|last3=Smith|first3=A. U.|date=June 1954|title=Resuscitation of Hamsters after Supercooling or Partial Crystallization at Body Temperatures Below 0° C.|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/1731136a0|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=173|issue=4415|pages=1136–1137|doi=10.1038/1731136a0|issn=1476-4687}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=1956-07-24 |title=Studies on golden hamsters during cooling to and rewarming from body temperatures below 0° C. III. Biophysical aspects and general discussion |url=https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.1956.0054 |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B - Biological Sciences |language=en |volume=145 |issue=920 |pages=427–442 |doi=10.1098/rspb.1956.0054 |issn=2053-9193}}</ref> Related YouTube video: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2tdiKTSdE9Y I promise this story about microwaves is interesting.].
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| 1959-05 || cryobiology || technological development || vitrification || Lovelock, Bishop || Lovelock and Bishop discover the cryoprotective properties of dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO). Me2SO would subsequently become a mainstay of most experimental vitrification solutions used in organ preservation.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=LOVELOCK|first=J. E.|last2=BISHOP|first2=M. W. H.|date=May 1959|title=Prevention of Freezing Damage to Living Cells by Dimethyl Sulphoxide|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1831394a0|journal=Nature|volume=183|issue=4672|pages=1394–1395|doi=10.1038/1831394a0|issn=0028-0836}}</ref>
| 2003-06 || cryonics || technological adoption || intermediate storage temperature || {{W|Alcor Life Extension Foundation}} || {{W|Brian Wowk}}, Mike Iarocci, and Stephen Valentine present new designs for intermediate temperature storage systems to the Alcor board of directors. Alcor acquires an experimental single-patient "neuropod" intermediate temperature storage system developed by {{W|Brian Wowk}} at 21CM.<ref name="IntermediateTemperatureStorage"/>
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| 2003-08 || cryobiology || tTechnological development || intermediate storage temperature || {{W|Carnegie Mellon University}} || {{W|Carnegie Mellon University}} receives a $1.3 million grant from the U.S. government to study fracturing during {{W|vitrification}} of tissue for medical applications, which would considerably advance the field.<ref name="IntermediateTemperatureStorage"/>
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| 2003-10 || cryonics || technological development || intermediate storage temperature || {{W|21st Century Medicine}} || {{W|21st Century Medicine}}, Inc., constructs a prototype dewar for storage at intermediate temperature in which most of the volume of the dewar is converted into a uniform-temperature storage space kept cold by liquid nitrogen.<ref name="IntermediateTemperatureStorage"/>
| 2010-05 || cryobiology || technological development || cryoprotection || Wowk, et al. || Creation of first synthetic ice blockers and their application to organ and tissue preservation to radically increase the stability of vitrification solutions.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Wowk|first=B.|last2=Leitl|first2=E.|last3=Rasch|first3=C. M.|last4=Mesbah-Karimi|first4=N.|last5=Harris|first5=S. B.|last6=Fahy|first6=G. M.|date=May 2000|title=Vitrification enhancement by synthetic ice blocking agents|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10860622|journal=Cryobiology|volume=40|issue=3|pages=228–236|doi=10.1006/cryo.2000.2243|issn=0011-2240|pmid=10860622}}</ref>
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| 2010-05 || brain preservation || organization || milestone || {{W|Brain Preservation Foundation}} || Saar Wilf donates $100,000 0 to the {{W|Brain Preservation Foundation}}, which then launches its large and small mammal brain preservation prizes, which would be given to the first groups that could reliably preserve the synaptic structure of the brain.<ref name="SmallMammalBrainPrize"/>
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| 2010-07 || cryobiology || technological development || toxicity || [[wikipedia:Greg Fahy|Fahy]], et al. || Fahy, et al., make significant advances in neutralizing cryoprotectant toxicity.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Fahy|first=Gregory M.|date=July 2010|title=Cryoprotectant toxicity neutralization|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19501081|journal=Cryobiology|volume=60|issue=3 Suppl|pages=S45–53|doi=10.1016/j.cryobiol.2009.05.005|issn=1090-2392|pmid=19501081}}</ref>
