Difference between revisions of "Timeline of Pandora Radio"

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This is a '''timeline of {{w|Pandora Radio}}'''.
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This is a '''timeline of {{w|Pandora Radio}}''', a [[w:Comparison of on-demand streaming music services|music streaming]] and automated [[w:Recommender system|music recommendation]] service. Founded in 2000 as the Music Genome Project, Pandora uses algorithms and user feedback to generate music recommendations for its listeners.<ref name="Pandora files for $100 million IPO">{{cite web|title=Pandora files for $100 million IPO|url=http://money.cnn.com/2011/02/11/technology/pandora_ipo/index.htm|website=money.cnn.com|accessdate=1 January 2018}}</ref>
  
 
==Big picture==
 
==Big picture==
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! Time period !! Development summary  
 
! Time period !! Development summary  
 
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| 2009 || Pandora gets 22 million users. The hours of music listened to on the service reaches 1 billion hours in the fiscal year.<ref name="With 80 Million Users, Pandora Files To Go Public"/>
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| 2000–2004 || First period of Pandora, starting as Savage Beast Technologies, with the vision to provide software to help people buy more music in music stores. However, at the turn of the century, it is already a dying business.<ref>{{cite web|title=Is Music Streaming a Sustainable Business?|url=https://www.bbvaopenmind.com/en/is-music-streaming-a-sustainable-business/|website=bbvaopenmind.com|accessdate=11 March 2018}}</ref><ref name="How Pandora Soothed The Savage Beast"/>
 
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| 2010 || Registered users grow to 46 million. The hours of music listened to on the service reaches 2.1 billion hours in the fiscal year.<ref name="With 80 Million Users, Pandora Files To Go Public"/>
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| 2004–2008 || Pandora Radio is created, after Larry Marcus of Walden Venture Capital recapitalizes the business and scraps the {{w|Business-to-business}} model with the idea of bringing music directly to the consumer through personalized Internet-based radio.<ref name="How Pandora Soothed The Savage Beast"/>
 
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| 2016 || Having built its business as an online and mobile version of traditional radio, without allowing users to make selections, plus more modern deals by {{w|Spotify}} and {{w|Apple Music}} with the music industry, Pandora begins to stagnate. {{w|Spotify}} outstrips Pandora in total listeners in 2016.<ref name="Pandora launches song replays, more skips for all"/>  
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| 2008< || Pandora app period, beginning right after the release of the {{w|iPhone}} {{w|App Store}}. Pandora would grow to be the second most popular iPhone app.<ref name="How Pandora Soothed The Savage Beast"/>
 
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! Year !! Month and date !! Event type !! Details
 
! Year !! Month and date !! Event type !! Details
 
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| 2000 || || Foundation || Pandora Media Inc. begins as Savage Beast Technologies, and is founded by Will Glaser, {{w|Jon Kraft}} and {{w|Tim Westergren}}.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url = https://www.forbes.com/sites/connieguglielmo/2013/11/13/pandora-media-needs-a-new-music-royalty-deal-will-it-be-the-same-one-apple-got/|title = Pandora Plays Nice|last = Guglielmo|first = Connie|date = December 2, 2013|work = Forbes|format = paper|pages = 46, 48|quote = }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url = http://www.inc.com/magazine/20071001/pandoras-long-strange-trip_pagen_2.html|title = Pandora's Long Strange Trip|last = Clifford|first = Stephanie|date = October 1, 2007 |work = inc.com |accessdate=5 December 2017|via = |publisher = }}</ref> with the idea of creating a separate, individualized radio station for each user, with music that the user prefers without music that he or she does not prefer.
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| 2000 || January || Foundation || Pandora Media Inc. begins as Savage Beast Technologies, and is founded by Will Glaser, {{w|Jon Kraft}} and {{w|Tim Westergren}}.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url = https://www.forbes.com/sites/connieguglielmo/2013/11/13/pandora-media-needs-a-new-music-royalty-deal-will-it-be-the-same-one-apple-got/|title = Pandora Plays Nice|last = Guglielmo|first = Connie|date = December 2, 2013|work = Forbes|format = paper|pages = 46, 48|quote = }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url = http://www.inc.com/magazine/20071001/pandoras-long-strange-trip_pagen_2.html|title = Pandora's Long Strange Trip|last = Clifford|first = Stephanie|date = October 1, 2007 |work = inc.com |accessdate=5 December 2017|via = |publisher = }}</ref> with the idea of creating a separate, individualized radio station for each user, with music that the user prefers without music that he or she does not prefer.<ref name="How Pandora Soothed The Savage Beast">{{cite web|title=How Pandora Soothed The Savage Beast|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/3001052/how-pandora-soothed-savage-beast|website=fastcompany.com|accessdate=10 March 2018}}</ref>
 
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|-
 
| 2000 || March 2 || Funding || Pandora anounces its first funding round, aising  US$ 1.5 million.<ref>{{cite web|title=Series A - Pandora|url=https://www.crunchbase.com/funding_round/pandora-series-a--6c29332c|website=crunchbase.com|accessdate=31 October 2017}}</ref>
 
| 2000 || March 2 || Funding || Pandora anounces its first funding round, aising  US$ 1.5 million.<ref>{{cite web|title=Series A - Pandora|url=https://www.crunchbase.com/funding_round/pandora-series-a--6c29332c|website=crunchbase.com|accessdate=31 October 2017}}</ref>
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|-
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| 2001 || || Funding || Pandora quickly runs through its initial $2 million in funding, running out of money by 2001. Unwilling to give up, Pandora’s founder {{w|Tim Westergren}} convinces his 50 employees to work 2 years without pay.<ref>{{cite web|last1=PARR|first1=SAM|title=How Pandora’s Founder Convinced 50 Early Employees to Work 2 Years Without Pay|url=https://thehustle.co/pandora-speech|website=thehustle.co|accessdate=1 January 2018}}</ref>
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| 2004 || ? || Service || Pandora launches as an online radio service.<ref name="The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Music Studies, Volume 1">{{cite book|last1=Gopinath|first1=Sumanth|last2=Stanyek|first2=Jason|title=The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Music Studies, Volume 1|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=Em_eAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA463&lpg=PA463&dq=%22in+2004+pandora%22+%22radio%22&source=bl&ots=d6ReuCss_Y&sig=mlPW2tRyPe-fFcceadHf83knMEU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiYke-XobbYAhWKDpAKHZZSDYkQ6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=%22in%202004%20pandora%22%20%22radio%22&f=false|accessdate=1 January 2018}}</ref>
 
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|-
 
| 2004 || January 1 || Funding || Pandora receives US$ 7.8 million in Series B funding round, with Walden Venture Capital, Selby Venture Partners, Robert Kavner, Peter Gotcher, Marcus and Labrador Ventures as investors.<ref>{{cite web|title=Series B - Pandora|url=https://www.crunchbase.com/funding_round/pandora-series-b--049bb132|website=crunchbase.com|accessdate=31 October 2017}}</ref>
 
| 2004 || January 1 || Funding || Pandora receives US$ 7.8 million in Series B funding round, with Walden Venture Capital, Selby Venture Partners, Robert Kavner, Peter Gotcher, Marcus and Labrador Ventures as investors.<ref>{{cite web|title=Series B - Pandora|url=https://www.crunchbase.com/funding_round/pandora-series-b--049bb132|website=crunchbase.com|accessdate=31 October 2017}}</ref>
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| 2006 || July 1 || Funding || Pandora announces Series D funding round, with Piper Jaffray Private Capital Group, Hearst Ventures, and Bay Area Equity Fund as investors.<ref>{{cite web|title=Series D - Pandora|url=https://www.crunchbase.com/funding_round/pandora-series-d--c53ffe70|website=crunchbase.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref>
 
| 2006 || July 1 || Funding || Pandora announces Series D funding round, with Piper Jaffray Private Capital Group, Hearst Ventures, and Bay Area Equity Fund as investors.<ref>{{cite web|title=Series D - Pandora|url=https://www.crunchbase.com/funding_round/pandora-series-d--c53ffe70|website=crunchbase.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref>
 
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| 2006 || August || Recognition || Time Magazine selects Pandora as one of its “50 Coolest Websites 2006.”<ref name="Labrador news 2006"/>
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| 2006 || August || Recognition || Time Magazine selects Pandora as one of its “50 Coolest Websites 2006.”<ref name="Labrador news 2006"/><ref>{{cite web|title=TOPIC: TIME MAGAZINE'S 50 COOLEST WEBSITES 2006|url=http://www.ulop.net/marketplace/4-lounge/15587-time-magazine-s-50-coolest-websites-2006|website=ulop.net|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
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<ref>{{cite web|title=TOPIC: TIME MAGAZINE'S 50 COOLEST WEBSITES 2006|url=http://www.ulop.net/marketplace/4-lounge/15587-time-magazine-s-50-coolest-websites-2006|website=ulop.net|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
 
 
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| 2006 || August 10 || Recognition || Pandora Media is featured in the {{w|San Francisco Chronicle}} as the "best place to discover new music".<ref name="Labrador news 2006"/>
 
| 2006 || August 10 || Recognition || Pandora Media is featured in the {{w|San Francisco Chronicle}} as the "best place to discover new music".<ref name="Labrador news 2006"/>
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| 2007 || November || || {{w|AT&T Communications}} adds Pandora’s personalized Internet radio service to its wireless network, available from select AT&T mobile phones.<ref name="Labrador news 2007"/>   
 
| 2007 || November || || {{w|AT&T Communications}} adds Pandora’s personalized Internet radio service to its wireless network, available from select AT&T mobile phones.<ref name="Labrador news 2007"/>   
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| 2007 || ? || || The Copyright Royalty Board rules that performance royalties should rise from US$0.08 cents per song, per listener in 2006 to US$0.19 cents in 2010.<ref name="The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Music Studies, Volume 1"/>
 
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| 2008 || May || Partnership || A new partnership is reported between Pandora and Clear Channel, the largest operator of terrestrial radio stations in the {{w|United States}}.<ref name="Labrador news 2008"/>
 
| 2008 || May || Partnership || A new partnership is reported between Pandora and Clear Channel, the largest operator of terrestrial radio stations in the {{w|United States}}.<ref name="Labrador news 2008"/>
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| 2008 || July 10 || Service || A major growth spurt begins when Pandora becomes the first internet radio service (and first free music app) to be included at the launch of the Apple app store.<ref name="The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Music Studies, Volume 1"/>
 
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| 2008 || October || || {{w|Chumby}} device adds Pandora Radio as an option under the Music menu.<ref name="Labrador news 2008"/>  
 
| 2008 || October || || {{w|Chumby}} device adds Pandora Radio as an option under the Music menu.<ref name="Labrador news 2008"/>  
 
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|-
 
| 2008 || October || || Pandora services become available on {{w|Samsung}}'s {{w|Blu-ray}} {{w|DVD Player}}s.<ref name="Labrador news 2008"/>  
 
| 2008 || October || || Pandora services become available on {{w|Samsung}}'s {{w|Blu-ray}} {{w|DVD Player}}s.<ref name="Labrador news 2008"/>  
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| 2008 || October || Growth || Pandora user base grows to 16 million.<ref name="The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Music Studies, Volume 1"/>
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| 2008 || ? || || Pandora already pays about 70 percent of its revenue in royalty fees.<ref>{{cite web|title=Giant of Internet Radio Nears Its 'Last Stand'|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/15/AR2008081503367.html?hpid=topnews|website=washingtonpost.com|accessdate=2 January 2018}}</ref>
 
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| 2008 || December || || Pandora releases a {{w|Windows Mobile}} client for the {{w|HTC Touch}} and the {{w|Motorola Q9c}} handsets to complement its offering on the {{w|iPhone}} and their J2ME application for standard {{w|AT&T}} and Sprint feature phones.<ref name="Labrador news 2008">{{cite web|title=Labrador news 2006|url=http://www.labrador.com/new_2008.html|website=labrador.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
 
| 2008 || December || || Pandora releases a {{w|Windows Mobile}} client for the {{w|HTC Touch}} and the {{w|Motorola Q9c}} handsets to complement its offering on the {{w|iPhone}} and their J2ME application for standard {{w|AT&T}} and Sprint feature phones.<ref name="Labrador news 2008">{{cite web|title=Labrador news 2006|url=http://www.labrador.com/new_2008.html|website=labrador.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
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| 2009 || March || || Pandora launches on {{w|BlackBerry}} for phones running BlackBerry OS 4.3 or better.<ref name="Labrador news 2009"/>
 
| 2009 || March || || Pandora launches on {{w|BlackBerry}} for phones running BlackBerry OS 4.3 or better.<ref name="Labrador news 2009"/>
 
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| 2009 || May || || Pandora announces the launch of Pandora One, an ad-free, premium version of Pandora’s streaming music service (and for the first time, desktop application) available to listeners for a $36 per year subscription.<ref name="Labrador news 2009"/><ref>{{cite web|last1=Siegler|first1=MG|title=The Freemium Model And A Desktop App Get The Thumbs Up With Pandora One|url=https://techcrunch.com/2009/05/19/pandora-gives-the-freemium-model-a-thumbs-up-with-pandora-one/|website=techcrunch.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
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| 2009 || April || Growth || Pandora is installed by 21% of Apple app users.<ref name="The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Music Studies, Volume 1"/>
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| 2009 || May || Service || Pandora announces the launch of Pandora One, an ad-free, premium version of Pandora’s streaming music service (and for the first time, desktop application) available to listeners for a $36 per year subscription.<ref name="Labrador news 2009"/><ref>{{cite web|last1=Siegler|first1=MG|title=The Freemium Model And A Desktop App Get The Thumbs Up With Pandora One|url=https://techcrunch.com/2009/05/19/pandora-gives-the-freemium-model-a-thumbs-up-with-pandora-one/|website=techcrunch.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
 
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| 2009 || July 10 || Funding || Pandora receives US$ 35 million in new VC funding, with {{w|Greylock Partners}} and {{w|GGV Capital}} as investors.<ref>{{cite web|title=Series D - Pandora|url=https://www.crunchbase.com/funding_round/pandora-series-d--bb47c786|website=crunchbase.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Tunes Into $35 Million|url=http://www.pehub.com/2009/07/pandora-tunes-into-35-million/#|website=pehub.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Raises $35 Million After Securing Long Term Survival|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/pandora-raises-35-million-after-securing-long-term-survival-2009-7|website=businessinsider.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Receives $35 Million Injection: MediaBytes with Shelly Palmer July 13, 2009|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/shelly-palmer/pandora-receives-35-milli_b_230471.html|website=huffingtonpost.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Updated: Pandora Raises $35M|url=https://gigaom.com/2009/07/10/pandora-raises-35m/|website=gigaom.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora has raised $35 million in new VC funding|url=http://www.musicsupervisor.com/pandora-has-raised-35-million-in-new-vc-funding/|website=musicsupervisor.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref>
 
| 2009 || July 10 || Funding || Pandora receives US$ 35 million in new VC funding, with {{w|Greylock Partners}} and {{w|GGV Capital}} as investors.<ref>{{cite web|title=Series D - Pandora|url=https://www.crunchbase.com/funding_round/pandora-series-d--bb47c786|website=crunchbase.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Tunes Into $35 Million|url=http://www.pehub.com/2009/07/pandora-tunes-into-35-million/#|website=pehub.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Raises $35 Million After Securing Long Term Survival|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/pandora-raises-35-million-after-securing-long-term-survival-2009-7|website=businessinsider.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Receives $35 Million Injection: MediaBytes with Shelly Palmer July 13, 2009|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/shelly-palmer/pandora-receives-35-milli_b_230471.html|website=huffingtonpost.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Updated: Pandora Raises $35M|url=https://gigaom.com/2009/07/10/pandora-raises-35m/|website=gigaom.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora has raised $35 million in new VC funding|url=http://www.musicsupervisor.com/pandora-has-raised-35-million-in-new-vc-funding/|website=musicsupervisor.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref>
 
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| 2009 || July || || Pandora registered users now exceeds 30 million in the {{w|United States}}.<ref name="Labrador news 2009"/>
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| 2009 || July || Growth || Pandora registered users now exceeds 30 million in the {{w|United States}}.<ref name="Labrador news 2009"/>
 
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| 2009 || October || || Pandora receives accolades from {{w|Gizmodo}} as one of “The Best” applications for the {{w|Android}} ({{w|Google mobile}}) platform.<ref name="Labrador news 2009"/><ref>{{cite web|title=The Month's Best Android Apps|url=https://gizmodo.com/5378878/the-months-best-android-apps|website=gizmodo.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
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| 2009 || October || Recognition || Pandora receives accolades from {{w|Gizmodo}} as one of “The Best” applications for the {{w|Android}} ({{w|Google mobile}}) platform.<ref name="Labrador news 2009"/><ref>{{cite web|title=The Month's Best Android Apps|url=https://gizmodo.com/5378878/the-months-best-android-apps|website=gizmodo.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
 
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| 2009 || October || || Pandora launches station sharing and gifting via {{w|Facebook}} and {{w|Twitter}}.<ref name="Labrador news 2009">{{cite web|title=Labrador news 2006|http://www.labrador.com/new_2009.html|website=labrador.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Siegler|first1=MG|title=Pandora Opens Its Box A Bit More With Twitter, Facebook, And Gifting Integration|url=https://techcrunch.com/2009/10/28/pandora-opens-its-box-a-bit-more-with-twitter-facebook-and-gifting-integration/|website=techcrunch.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
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| 2009 || October || Service || Pandora launches station sharing and gifting via {{w|Facebook}} and {{w|Twitter}}.<ref name="Labrador news 2009">{{cite web|title=Labrador news 2006|http://www.labrador.com/new_2009.html|website=labrador.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Siegler|first1=MG|title=Pandora Opens Its Box A Bit More With Twitter, Facebook, And Gifting Integration|url=https://techcrunch.com/2009/10/28/pandora-opens-its-box-a-bit-more-with-twitter-facebook-and-gifting-integration/|website=techcrunch.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
 
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| 2010 || March || || Pandora passes the 50 million registered user mark and announces newly designed app for {{w|iPad}}.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Siegler|first1=MG|title=With 50 Million Users, Pandora Looks To Make Beautiful Music On The iPad|url=https://techcrunch.com/2010/04/01/pandora-ipad/|website=techcrunch.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
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| 2009 || ? || Growth || Pandora gets 22 million users. The hours of music listened to on the service reaches 1 billion hours in the fiscal year.<ref name="With 80 Million Users, Pandora Files To Go Public"/>
 
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| 2010 || May || Recognition || {{w|Tim Westergren}}, Pandora’s founder, is named {{w|Time magazine}}’s 2010 Time 100 list of people who most affect our world.<ref>{{cite web|title=Tim Westergren|url=http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1984685_1984745_1985482,00.html|website=content.time.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref><ref name="Labrador news 2010">{{cite web|title=Labrador news 2006|http:http://www.labrador.com/new_2010.html|website=labrador.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
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| 2010 || Early || || Pandora announces the development of an automotive protocol whereby the Pandora app runs on a smartphone but is played through the car stereo system and controlled through the dashboard display or voice-recognition system.<ref name="The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Music Studies, Volume 1"/>
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| 2010 || March || Growth || Pandora passes the 50 million registered user mark and announces newly designed app for {{w|iPad}}.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Siegler|first1=MG|title=With 50 Million Users, Pandora Looks To Make Beautiful Music On The iPad|url=https://techcrunch.com/2010/04/01/pandora-ipad/|website=techcrunch.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
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| 2010 || May || Recognition || {{w|Tim Westergren}}, Pandora’s founder, is named {{w|Time magazine}}’s 2010 Time 100 list of people who most affect our world.<ref>{{cite web|title=Tim Westergren|url=http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1984685_1984745_1985482,00.html|website=content.time.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref><ref name="Labrador news 2010">{{cite web|title=Labrador news 2006|website=labrador.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
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| 2010 || January || Growth || Pandora adds about 85,000 new users per day–up from about 30,000 before the launch of the iPhone app.<ref name="The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Music Studies, Volume 1"/>
 
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| 2010 || June 2 || Funding || Pandora raises undisclosed amount of funding in round led by {{w|GGV Capital}}, with additional investment from {{w|Allen & Company}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=Series E - Pandora|url=https://www.crunchbase.com/funding_round/pandora-series-e--cc69bb1b|website=crunchbase.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref>
 
| 2010 || June 2 || Funding || Pandora raises undisclosed amount of funding in round led by {{w|GGV Capital}}, with additional investment from {{w|Allen & Company}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=Series E - Pandora|url=https://www.crunchbase.com/funding_round/pandora-series-e--cc69bb1b|website=crunchbase.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref>
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| 2010 || ? || Growth || Pandora's registered users grow to 46 million. The hours of music listened to on the service reaches 2.1 billion hours in the fiscal year.<ref name="With 80 Million Users, Pandora Files To Go Public"/> With the fast growth in Pandora's users, costs from royalties skyrocket as the airtime being streamed increases, potentially outpacing growth in advertising revenue.<ref name="The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Music Studies, Volume 1"/>
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| 2011 || Early || Partnership || Pandora develops relationships with automakers including Toyota, Ford Motor, General Motors, Mercedes–Benz, and MINI (the BMW Group), as well as car stereo manufacturers including Alpine and Pioneer, to integrate Pandora into their automotive multimedia systems.<ref name="The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Music Studies, Volume 1"/>
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| 2011 || January || Growth || Pandora Media has over 80 million registered users, making it the largest internet radio service by a wide margin, with average active sessions of 642,614 against 168,410 for CBS Radio, the next largest service (which includes AOL and Yahoo Radio), and 33,894 for Slacker. Pandora's user base is far larger than other internet–dedicated radio outlets, such as Europe's Spotify (6.5 million active users in 2011), Slacker Radio (15 million in early 2010), or play–on–demand services such as Rhapsody (750,000). Only {{w|London}}–based Last.fm, with about 37 million active users, seem comparable in size. Half of new users sign up through mobile devices, and over half of streamed hours on Pandora in January 11 are to mobile devices. Pandora is the most popular music app on smartphones, used by about 23% of iPhone and Android users and 18% of Blackberry users.<ref name="The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Music Studies, Volume 1"/>
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| 2011 || April || Growth || Pandora records its 10 billionth thumb (and it was a thumbs up).<ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Is Now 10 Billion Thumbs Strong|url=https://techcrunch.com/2011/05/02/pandora-is-now-10-billion-thumbs-strong/|website=techcrunch.com|accessdate=2 January 2018}}</ref>
 
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| 2011 || June 15 || Funding || Funding Round for Pandora in announced, with {{w|GGV Capital}} as investor.<ref>{{cite web|title=Funding Round - Pandora|url=https://www.crunchbase.com/funding_round/pandora-series-unknown--ccf3d104|website=crunchbase.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref>
 
| 2011 || June 15 || Funding || Funding Round for Pandora in announced, with {{w|GGV Capital}} as investor.<ref>{{cite web|title=Funding Round - Pandora|url=https://www.crunchbase.com/funding_round/pandora-series-unknown--ccf3d104|website=crunchbase.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref>
 
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| 2011 || October 31 || Growth || Pandora grows revenues 187 percent in the first nine months of 2010.<ref name="With 80 Million Users, Pandora Files To Go Public">{{cite web|title=With 80 Million Users, Pandora Files To Go Public|url=https://techcrunch.com/2011/02/11/pandora-files-to-go-public/|website=techcrunch.com|accessdate=1 January 2018}}</ref>  
 
| 2011 || October 31 || Growth || Pandora grows revenues 187 percent in the first nine months of 2010.<ref name="With 80 Million Users, Pandora Files To Go Public">{{cite web|title=With 80 Million Users, Pandora Files To Go Public|url=https://techcrunch.com/2011/02/11/pandora-files-to-go-public/|website=techcrunch.com|accessdate=1 January 2018}}</ref>  
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|-
 +
| 2011 || ? || Growth || Pandora becomes the largest internet radio service by a wide margin. However, royalties to both songwriters and musical performers remain high.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora and Music Royalties|url=https://www.bestofneworleans.com/gambit/pandora-and-music-royalties/Content?oid=2001193|website=bestofneworleans.com|accessdate=2 January 2018}}</ref> The company claims having paid over 50% of its revenues in performance royalties.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hardy|first1=Phil|title=Nickels & Dimes: Music Publishing & It's Administration in the Modern Age|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=ARhbAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT405&lpg=PT405&dq=%22in+2011+pandora%22+%22radio%22&source=bl&ots=2T8FlOObRM&sig=t_6ypEkJmudSGu3i0pTb4bb1cYo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjUh4GokLjYAhUFgpAKHR8dBxQQ6AEISTAF#v=onepage&q=%22in%202011%20pandora%22%20%22radio%22&f=false|accessdate=2 January 2018}}</ref>
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 2012 || June || Competition || Spotify adds Pandora style free radio service to its {{w|iPhone}} and {{w|iPad}} apps, competing directly with the Pandora radio service and removing the need to have both a Pandora and Spotify account.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Horsey|first1=Julian|title=Spotify Adds Pandora Style Free Radio Service To Its iPhone & iPad Apps|url=https://www.geeky-gadgets.com/spotify-adds-pandora-style-free-radio-service-to-its-iphone-ipad-apps-19-06-2012/|website=geeky-gadgets.com|accessdate=1 January 2018}}</ref>   
 
| 2012 || June || Competition || Spotify adds Pandora style free radio service to its {{w|iPhone}} and {{w|iPad}} apps, competing directly with the Pandora radio service and removing the need to have both a Pandora and Spotify account.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Horsey|first1=Julian|title=Spotify Adds Pandora Style Free Radio Service To Its iPhone & iPad Apps|url=https://www.geeky-gadgets.com/spotify-adds-pandora-style-free-radio-service-to-its-iphone-ipad-apps-19-06-2012/|website=geeky-gadgets.com|accessdate=1 January 2018}}</ref>   
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 2012 || September || || Pandora now works on 600 consumer electronics devices.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora now works on 600 different consumer devices|url=https://gigaom.com/2012/09/24/pandora-now-works-on-600-different-consumer-devices/|website=gigaom.com|accessdate=1 January 2018}}</ref>
+
| 2012 || September || Growth || Pandora now works on 600 consumer electronics devices.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora now works on 600 different consumer devices|url=https://gigaom.com/2012/09/24/pandora-now-works-on-600-different-consumer-devices/|website=gigaom.com|accessdate=1 January 2018}}</ref>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 2013 || March 7 || || Pandora chairman and {{w|chief executive officer}} Joseph J. Kennedy announces that he would leave the company after nine years.<ref>{{cite web|title=Chief Executive at Pandora Media to Step Down|url=https://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/03/07/chief-executive-at-pandora-media-to-step-down/?_r=0|website=mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
+
| 2013 || March 7 || Team || Pandora chairman and {{w|chief executive officer}} Joseph J. Kennedy announces that he would leave the company after nine years.<ref>{{cite web|title=Chief Executive at Pandora Media to Step Down|url=https://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/03/07/chief-executive-at-pandora-media-to-step-down/?_r=0|website=mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora CEO announces resignation following record revenue and losses|url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/3/7/4076582/pandora-ceo-to-resign-following-tough-quarterly-loss|website=theverge.com|accessdate=2 January 2018}}</ref>
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 2013 || June 11 || Acquisition || Pandora acquires KXMZ –a terrestrial radio station in {{w|South Dakota}}, in an attempt to take advantage of the performance royalty fees available to broadcast radio stations and Internet radio services operated by owners of broadcast radio stations.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Buys Terrestrial Radio Station in South Dakota, Aims for Lower ASCAP Royalties|url=https://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/radio/1566479/pandora-buys-terrestrial-radio-station-in-south-dakota-aims-for|website=billboard.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Buys Terrestrial Radio Station in Fight Over Royalty Rates|url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2420370,00.asp|website=pcmag.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Why Pandora bought an FM radio station|url=http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/technology/304763-why-pandora-bought-an-fm-radio-station|website=thehill.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Buys a Radio Station, Just to Make a Point About Royalties|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-06-12/pandora-buys-a-radio-station-just-to-make-a-point-about-royalties|website=bloomberg.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora acquires terrestrial radio station KXMZ in order to nab RMLC license|url=https://www.slashgear.com/pandora-acquires-terrestrial-radio-station-kxmz-in-order-to-nab-rmlc-license-11286124/|website=slashgear.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref>
 
| 2013 || June 11 || Acquisition || Pandora acquires KXMZ –a terrestrial radio station in {{w|South Dakota}}, in an attempt to take advantage of the performance royalty fees available to broadcast radio stations and Internet radio services operated by owners of broadcast radio stations.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Buys Terrestrial Radio Station in South Dakota, Aims for Lower ASCAP Royalties|url=https://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/radio/1566479/pandora-buys-terrestrial-radio-station-in-south-dakota-aims-for|website=billboard.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Buys Terrestrial Radio Station in Fight Over Royalty Rates|url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2420370,00.asp|website=pcmag.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Why Pandora bought an FM radio station|url=http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/technology/304763-why-pandora-bought-an-fm-radio-station|website=thehill.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Buys a Radio Station, Just to Make a Point About Royalties|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-06-12/pandora-buys-a-radio-station-just-to-make-a-point-about-royalties|website=bloomberg.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora acquires terrestrial radio station KXMZ in order to nab RMLC license|url=https://www.slashgear.com/pandora-acquires-terrestrial-radio-station-kxmz-in-order-to-nab-rmlc-license-11286124/|website=slashgear.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 2013 || September 1 || || Pandora removes a 40-hour-per-month limitation for free mobile listening.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora will remove its 40 hour per month mobile listening cap on September 1st|url=https://thenextweb.com/insider/2013/08/22/pandora-will-remove-its-40-hour-per-month-mobile-listening-cap-on-september-1st/|website=thenextweb.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
+
| 2013 || September 1 || Service || Pandora removes a 40-hour-per-month limitation for free mobile listening.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora will remove its 40 hour per month mobile listening cap on September 1st|url=https://thenextweb.com/insider/2013/08/22/pandora-will-remove-its-40-hour-per-month-mobile-listening-cap-on-september-1st/|website=thenextweb.com|accessdate=5 December 2017}}</ref>
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 2013 || December || Competition || {{w|iTunes}} is described as Pandora's "biggest existential threat".<ref name=":0" />
 
| 2013 || December || Competition || {{w|iTunes}} is described as Pandora's "biggest existential threat".<ref name=":0" />
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 2013 || December || Penetration || Pandora is noted as accounting for 70 percent of all {{w|Internet radio}} listening in the {{w|United States}}.<ref name=":0" />
 
| 2013 || December || Penetration || Pandora is noted as accounting for 70 percent of all {{w|Internet radio}} listening in the {{w|United States}}.<ref name=":0" />
 +
|-
 +
| 2014 || || Service || Pandora announces that the radio service will be interactive so artists can track their songs' popularity.<ref name="Media/Impact: An Introduction to Mass Media">{{cite book|last1=Biagi|first1=Shirley|title=Media/Impact: An Introduction to Mass Media|url=https://books.google.com.ar/books?id=mH5TCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA119&lpg=PA119&dq=%22in+2014+pandora%22+%22radio%22&source=bl&ots=fJ_GgYPPWO&sig=Y5x5V05mPqfSb0ZhqA0xhOcj878&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiLh5P68LnYAhXDjJAKHaRwBYYQ6AEIRzAE#v=onepage&q=%22in%202014%20pandora%22%20%22radio%22&f=false}}</ref>
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 2015 || May 19 || Acquisition || Pandora acquires Next Big Sound, a six-year-old company that tracks the popularity of songs online and in social networks. The acquisition of the social analytics company is expected to add insight to Pandora's massive trove of data.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Buys Next Big Sound to Track Popular Music|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/20/business/media/pandora-buys-next-big-sound-to-track-popular-music.html|website=nytimes.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Acquires Next Big Sound|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/6568814/pandora-acquires-next-big-sound|website=billboard.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora acquires Techstars-backed music analytics company Next Big Sound|url=https://venturebeat.com/2015/05/19/pandora-acquires-music-analytics-company-next-big-sound/|website=venturebeat.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora acquires music data company Next Big Sound|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/cotown/la-et-ct-pandora-acquires-music-data-company-next-big-sound-20150519-story.html|website=latimes.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref>
 
| 2015 || May 19 || Acquisition || Pandora acquires Next Big Sound, a six-year-old company that tracks the popularity of songs online and in social networks. The acquisition of the social analytics company is expected to add insight to Pandora's massive trove of data.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Buys Next Big Sound to Track Popular Music|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/20/business/media/pandora-buys-next-big-sound-to-track-popular-music.html|website=nytimes.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Acquires Next Big Sound|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/6568814/pandora-acquires-next-big-sound|website=billboard.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora acquires Techstars-backed music analytics company Next Big Sound|url=https://venturebeat.com/2015/05/19/pandora-acquires-music-analytics-company-next-big-sound/|website=venturebeat.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora acquires music data company Next Big Sound|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/cotown/la-et-ct-pandora-acquires-music-data-company-next-big-sound-20150519-story.html|website=latimes.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref>
Line 105: Line 136:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 2015 || November 16 || Acquisition || Pandora buys assets from on-demand streaming service Rdio. The $75 million deal is aimed at acquiring Rdio’s technology, intellectual property, and some other capabilites, but crucially, not Rdio’s operating business itself.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora To Buy Rdio Assets For $75M In Cash, Rdio Files Ch.11, Will Shutter Service|url=https://techcrunch.com/2015/11/16/confirmed-pandora-buys-key-rdio-assets-for-75m-in-cash-rdio-files-ch-11-to-shut-down/|website=techcrunch.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Acquires Rdio Tech And Talent (Look Out, Spotify)|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/3053669/pandora-acquires-key-assets-of-rdio-look-out-spotify|website=fastcompany.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora to Acquire Pieces of Rdio|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/6762636/pandora-acquire-rdio|website=billboard.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Rdio is shutting down and Pandora is buying up the scraps|url=https://www.theverge.com/2015/11/16/9746220/pandora-to-acquire-key-parts-of-rdio|website=theverge.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref>
 
| 2015 || November 16 || Acquisition || Pandora buys assets from on-demand streaming service Rdio. The $75 million deal is aimed at acquiring Rdio’s technology, intellectual property, and some other capabilites, but crucially, not Rdio’s operating business itself.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora To Buy Rdio Assets For $75M In Cash, Rdio Files Ch.11, Will Shutter Service|url=https://techcrunch.com/2015/11/16/confirmed-pandora-buys-key-rdio-assets-for-75m-in-cash-rdio-files-ch-11-to-shut-down/|website=techcrunch.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Acquires Rdio Tech And Talent (Look Out, Spotify)|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/3053669/pandora-acquires-key-assets-of-rdio-look-out-spotify|website=fastcompany.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora to Acquire Pieces of Rdio|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/6762636/pandora-acquire-rdio|website=billboard.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Rdio is shutting down and Pandora is buying up the scraps|url=https://www.theverge.com/2015/11/16/9746220/pandora-to-acquire-key-parts-of-rdio|website=theverge.com|accessdate=4 December 2017}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| 2015 || || Service || Car manufacturers offer Pandora's streaming service in 30 percent of the cars in the United States.<ref name="Media/Impact: An Introduction to Mass Media"/>
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 2016 || June || Statistics || Pandora has 78.1 million active users as of June.<ref name="Pandora launches new radio service 'Pandora Plus'"/>
 
| 2016 || June || Statistics || Pandora has 78.1 million active users as of June.<ref name="Pandora launches new radio service 'Pandora Plus'"/>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 2016 || September 13 || || Pandora announces licensing deals with {{w|Universal Music}}, {{w|Sony Music}}, indie record label trade association [[w:Merlin Network|Merlin]], and more than 30 other labels and distributors.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora is taking on Spotify and Apple -- and wants to go global|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/13/pandora-is-taking-on-spotify-and-apple--and-wants-to-go-global.html|website=cnbc.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=McCormick|first1=Rich|title=Amazon and Pandora's $5 streaming music services will reportedly launch in the next few weeks|url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/9/12/12885290/amazon-pandora-music-streaming-5-dollar-a-month|website=theverge.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Why a New Songwriter Lawsuit Is Unfair to Pandora and Spotify|url=http://fortune.com/2016/09/14/pandora-justice-department/|website=fortune.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Hall|first1=Parker|title=Pandora’s upcoming Spotify killer has one major problem|url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/music/pandora-inks-big-licensing-deals/|website=digitaltrends.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora signs new licensing deals, paving way to compete with Spotify|url=http://money.cnn.com/2016/09/13/technology/pandora-licensing-deals/index.html|website=money.cnn.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Amazon and Pandora to Gauge Music’s Value in the Internet Age|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/12/business/media/amazon-and-pandora-to-gauge-musics-value-in-the-internet-age.html|website=nytimes.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref>
+
| 2016 || September 13 || Partnership || Pandora announces licensing deals with {{w|Universal Music}}, {{w|Sony Music}}, indie record label trade association [[w:Merlin Network|Merlin]], and more than 30 other labels and distributors.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora is taking on Spotify and Apple -- and wants to go global|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/13/pandora-is-taking-on-spotify-and-apple--and-wants-to-go-global.html|website=cnbc.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=McCormick|first1=Rich|title=Amazon and Pandora's $5 streaming music services will reportedly launch in the next few weeks|url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/9/12/12885290/amazon-pandora-music-streaming-5-dollar-a-month|website=theverge.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Why a New Songwriter Lawsuit Is Unfair to Pandora and Spotify|url=http://fortune.com/2016/09/14/pandora-justice-department/|website=fortune.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Hall|first1=Parker|title=Pandora’s upcoming Spotify killer has one major problem|url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/music/pandora-inks-big-licensing-deals/|website=digitaltrends.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora signs new licensing deals, paving way to compete with Spotify|url=http://money.cnn.com/2016/09/13/technology/pandora-licensing-deals/index.html|website=money.cnn.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Amazon and Pandora to Gauge Music’s Value in the Internet Age|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/12/business/media/amazon-and-pandora-to-gauge-musics-value-in-the-internet-age.html|website=nytimes.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| 2016 || September 15 || Service || Pandora launches Pandora Plus, a rebranded and improved version of its $5-a-month Pandora One offering.<ref name="Pandora launches song replays, more skips for all">{{cite web|title=Pandora launches song replays, more skips for all|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/pandora-launches-song-replays-more-skips-for-all/|website=cnet.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora launches Pandora Plus, an improved version of its $5 subscription service|url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/9/15/12924910/pandora-plus-improved-subscription-service|website=theverge.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora has announced its $5 subscription service|url=https://www.recode.net/2016/9/15/12922144/pandora-5-dollar-service-launch-warner-music|website=recode.net|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref name="Pandora launches new radio service 'Pandora Plus'">{{cite web|title=Pandora launches new radio service 'Pandora Plus'|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/15/pandora-launches-new-radio-service-pandora-plus.html|website=cnbc.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Rebrands Its $4.99 Digital Radio Subscription as Pandora Plus, Adds Offline Listening|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/7510962/pandora-plus-launch-radio-subscription-offline-listening|website=billboard.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Launches New and Improved Subscription Service 'Pandora Plus'|url=http://fortune.com/2016/09/15/pandora-subscription-service/|website=fortune.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 2016 || September 15 || Product || Pandora launches Pandora Plus, a rebranded and improved version of its $5-a-month Pandora One offering.<ref name="Pandora launches song replays, more skips for all">{{cite web|title=Pandora launches song replays, more skips for all|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/pandora-launches-song-replays-more-skips-for-all/|website=cnet.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora launches Pandora Plus, an improved version of its $5 subscription service|url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/9/15/12924910/pandora-plus-improved-subscription-service|website=theverge.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora has announced its $5 subscription service|url=https://www.recode.net/2016/9/15/12922144/pandora-5-dollar-service-launch-warner-music|website=recode.net|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref name="Pandora launches new radio service 'Pandora Plus'">{{cite web|title=Pandora launches new radio service 'Pandora Plus'|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/15/pandora-launches-new-radio-service-pandora-plus.html|website=cnbc.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Rebrands Its $4.99 Digital Radio Subscription as Pandora Plus, Adds Offline Listening|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/7510962/pandora-plus-launch-radio-subscription-offline-listening|website=billboard.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora Launches New and Improved Subscription Service 'Pandora Plus'|url=http://fortune.com/2016/09/15/pandora-subscription-service/|website=fortune.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref>
+
| 2016 || ? || Growth || Having built its business as an online and mobile version of traditional radio, without allowing users to make selections, plus more modern deals by {{w|Spotify}} and {{w|Apple Music}} with the music industry, Pandora begins to stagnate. {{w|Spotify}} outstrips Pandora in total listeners in 2016.<ref name="Pandora launches song replays, more skips for all"/>  
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 2017 || May 8 || || Pandora raises US$150 million in Post-IPO Equity funding round, with {{w|Kohlberg Kravis Roberts}} as lead investors.<ref>{{cite web|title=Post-IPO Equity - Pandora|url=https://www.crunchbase.com/funding_round/pandora-post-ipo-equity--ee42fcf2|website=crunchbase.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref>
+
| 2017 || May 8 || Funding || Pandora raises US$150 million in Post-IPO Equity funding round, with {{w|Kohlberg Kravis Roberts}} as lead investors.<ref>{{cite web|title=Post-IPO Equity - Pandora|url=https://www.crunchbase.com/funding_round/pandora-post-ipo-equity--ee42fcf2|website=crunchbase.com|accessdate=30 October 2017}}</ref>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 2017 || June 9 || Funding || Pandora raises US$480 million in Post-IPO Equity funding round.
+
| 2017 || June 9 || Funding || Pandora raises US$480 million in Post-IPO Equity funding round.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pandora  Funding Rounds|url=https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/pandora/funding_rounds/funding_rounds_list|website=crunchbase.com|accessdate=11 March 2018}}</ref>
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 2017 || November || || Pandora ends its third quarter with 73.7 million active listeners, a decline of more than 7 million listeners from the 81 million it had in the same quarter a year ago.<ref>{{cite web|title=Many listeners tune out Pandora; investors give it a pummeling|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/11/03/listeners-investors-turn-off-pandoras-tunes/|website=mercurynews.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref>
+
| 2017 || November || Growth || Pandora ends its third quarter with 73.7 million active listeners, a decline of more than 7 million listeners from the 81 million it had in the same quarter a year ago.<ref>{{cite web|title=Many listeners tune out Pandora; investors give it a pummeling|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/11/03/listeners-investors-turn-off-pandoras-tunes/|website=mercurynews.com|accessdate=24 December 2017}}</ref>
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
 +
 +
== Visual data ==
 +
 +
=== Google Trends ===
 +
 +
The chart below shows {{w|Google Trends}} data for Pandora and streaming service competitors {{w|Apple Music}}, {{w|Spotify}}, {{w|Amazon Music}} and {{w|Google Play}}, from January 2004 to Month 2021, when the screenshot was taken. Interest is also ranked by country and displayed on world map.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pandora, Apple Music, Spotify, Amazon Music and Google Play |url=https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&q=%2Fm%2F091zgm,%2Fm%2F013d79kn,%2Fm%2F0ryzfx8,%2Fm%2F03hf_vj,%2Fm%2F05n02d2 |website=Google Trends |access-date=3 April 2021}}</ref>
 +
 +
[[File:Pandora, Apple Music, Spotify, Amazon Music and Google Play gt.png|thumb|center|600px]]
 +
 +
=== Google Ngram Viewer ===
 +
 +
The chart below shows {{w|Google Ngram Viewer}} data for Pandora Radio, from 2000 to 2019.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pandora Radio |url=https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=Pandora+Radio&year_start=2000&year_end=2019&corpus=26&smoothing=3&direct_url=t1%3B%2CPandora%20Radio%3B%2Cc0 |website=books.google.com |access-date=3 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
 +
 +
[[File:Pandora Radio ngram.png|thumb|center|700px]]
 +
 +
=== Wikipedia Views ===
 +
 +
The chart below shows pageviews of the English Wikipedia article {{w|Pandora Radio}}, on desktop from December 2007, and on mobile-web, desktop-spider, mobile-web-spider and mobile app, from July 2015; to February 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pandora Radio |url=https://wikipediaviews.org/displayviewsformultiplemonths.php?page=Pandora+Radio&allmonths=allmonths&language=en&drilldown=all |website=wikipediaviews.org |access-date=3 April 2021}}</ref>
 +
 +
[[File:Pandora Radio wv.png|thumb|center|450px]]
  
 
==Meta information on the timeline==
 
==Meta information on the timeline==
Line 129: Line 184:
  
 
===What the timeline is still missing===
 
===What the timeline is still missing===
−
[http://www.labrador.com/new_2006.html]
 
−
[https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/the-history-of-pandora-radio]
 
−
[https://qz.com/1006098/pandoras-p-radio-service-revolutionized-music-but-its-chances-of-surviving-look-shaky-in-an-apple-aapl-and-spotify-world/]
 
  
 
===Timeline update strategy===
 
===Timeline update strategy===
  
 
==See also==
 
==See also==
 +
 +
* [[Timeline of Spotify]]
 +
* [[Timeline of Netflix]]
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==

Latest revision as of 21:46, 25 March 2024

This is a timeline of Pandora Radio, a music streaming and automated music recommendation service. Founded in 2000 as the Music Genome Project, Pandora uses algorithms and user feedback to generate music recommendations for its listeners.[1]

Big picture

Time period Development summary
2000–2004 First period of Pandora, starting as Savage Beast Technologies, with the vision to provide software to help people buy more music in music stores. However, at the turn of the century, it is already a dying business.[2][3]
2004–2008 Pandora Radio is created, after Larry Marcus of Walden Venture Capital recapitalizes the business and scraps the Business-to-business model with the idea of bringing music directly to the consumer through personalized Internet-based radio.[3]
2008< Pandora app period, beginning right after the release of the iPhone App Store. Pandora would grow to be the second most popular iPhone app.[3]

Full timeline

Year Month and date Event type Details
2000 January Foundation Pandora Media Inc. begins as Savage Beast Technologies, and is founded by Will Glaser, Jon Kraft and Tim Westergren.[4][5] with the idea of creating a separate, individualized radio station for each user, with music that the user prefers without music that he or she does not prefer.[3]
2000 March 2 Funding Pandora anounces its first funding round, aising US$ 1.5 million.[6]
2001 Funding Pandora quickly runs through its initial $2 million in funding, running out of money by 2001. Unwilling to give up, Pandora’s founder Tim Westergren convinces his 50 employees to work 2 years without pay.[7]
2004  ? Service Pandora launches as an online radio service.[8]
2004 January 1 Funding Pandora receives US$ 7.8 million in Series B funding round, with Walden Venture Capital, Selby Venture Partners, Robert Kavner, Peter Gotcher, Marcus and Labrador Ventures as investors.[9]
2004 December 15 Funding Pandora receives US$ 7.7 million in funding round, with Walden Venture Capital as lead investor.[10]
2005 November 21 Funding Pandora receives US$ 12 million in Series C funding round, with Walden Venture Capital, Selby Venture Partners, Labrador Ventures, Hearst Ventures and Crosslink Capital as investors.[11][12]
2006 May 3 TechCrunch reports that Pandora Media unveiled its new community influenced playlist feature to its 1.8 million users.[13]
2006 July 1 Funding Pandora announces Series D funding round, with Piper Jaffray Private Capital Group, Hearst Ventures, and Bay Area Equity Fund as investors.[14]
2006 August Recognition Time Magazine selects Pandora as one of its “50 Coolest Websites 2006.”[13][15]
2006 August 10 Recognition Pandora Media is featured in the San Francisco Chronicle as the "best place to discover new music".[13]
2006 November Recognition Fortune Magazine cites Pandora Radio as "the most efficient new-music discovery mechanism".[13]
2007 May Recognition Pandora receives the 2007 "Red Herring 100 North America" award.[16]
2007 May 27 Recognition PC World names Pandora one of "The 100 Best Products of 2007".[16]
2007 June Recognition Pandora wins in the Media category in CNet’s first “Webware 100” awards.[16]
2007 September Wired Magazine's Bog Network reports that Hewlett-Packard's upcoming laptop and desktop computers will ship with the Pandora internet radio service via the Windows start menu or an IE bookmark, allowing buyers of those machines to start enjoying Pandora's free, customizable, artist-based music stations.[16]
2007 November 27–28 Pandora is featured in Doonesbury cartoons.[16]
2007 November AT&T Communications adds Pandora’s personalized Internet radio service to its wireless network, available from select AT&T mobile phones.[16]
2007  ? The Copyright Royalty Board rules that performance royalties should rise from US$0.08 cents per song, per listener in 2006 to US$0.19 cents in 2010.[8]
2008 May Partnership A new partnership is reported between Pandora and Clear Channel, the largest operator of terrestrial radio stations in the United States.[17]
2008 July 10 Service A major growth spurt begins when Pandora becomes the first internet radio service (and first free music app) to be included at the launch of the Apple app store.[8]
2008 October Chumby device adds Pandora Radio as an option under the Music menu.[17]
2008 October Pandora services become available on Samsung's Blu-ray DVD Players.[17]
2008 October Growth Pandora user base grows to 16 million.[8]
2008  ? Pandora already pays about 70 percent of its revenue in royalty fees.[18]
2008 December Pandora releases a Windows Mobile client for the HTC Touch and the Motorola Q9c handsets to complement its offering on the iPhone and their J2ME application for standard AT&T and Sprint feature phones.[17]
2008 December Pandora hits 20 million registered users.[19]
2009 March Pandora becomes available on Vudu and represents its first music application.[20]
2009 March Pandora launches on BlackBerry for phones running BlackBerry OS 4.3 or better.[20]
2009 April Growth Pandora is installed by 21% of Apple app users.[8]
2009 May Service Pandora announces the launch of Pandora One, an ad-free, premium version of Pandora’s streaming music service (and for the first time, desktop application) available to listeners for a $36 per year subscription.[20][21]
2009 July 10 Funding Pandora receives US$ 35 million in new VC funding, with Greylock Partners and GGV Capital as investors.[22][23][24][25][26][27]
2009 July Growth Pandora registered users now exceeds 30 million in the United States.[20]
2009 October Recognition Pandora receives accolades from Gizmodo as one of “The Best” applications for the Android (Google mobile) platform.[20][28]
2009 October Service Pandora launches station sharing and gifting via Facebook and Twitter.[20][29]
2009  ? Growth Pandora gets 22 million users. The hours of music listened to on the service reaches 1 billion hours in the fiscal year.[30]
2010 Early Pandora announces the development of an automotive protocol whereby the Pandora app runs on a smartphone but is played through the car stereo system and controlled through the dashboard display or voice-recognition system.[8]
2010 March Growth Pandora passes the 50 million registered user mark and announces newly designed app for iPad.[31]
2010 May Recognition Tim Westergren, Pandora’s founder, is named Time magazine’s 2010 Time 100 list of people who most affect our world.[32][33]
2010 January Growth Pandora adds about 85,000 new users per day–up from about 30,000 before the launch of the iPhone app.[8]
2010 June 2 Funding Pandora raises undisclosed amount of funding in round led by GGV Capital, with additional investment from Allen & Company.[34]
2010  ? Growth Pandora's registered users grow to 46 million. The hours of music listened to on the service reaches 2.1 billion hours in the fiscal year.[30] With the fast growth in Pandora's users, costs from royalties skyrocket as the airtime being streamed increases, potentially outpacing growth in advertising revenue.[8]
2011 Early Partnership Pandora develops relationships with automakers including Toyota, Ford Motor, General Motors, Mercedes–Benz, and MINI (the BMW Group), as well as car stereo manufacturers including Alpine and Pioneer, to integrate Pandora into their automotive multimedia systems.[8]
2011 January Growth Pandora Media has over 80 million registered users, making it the largest internet radio service by a wide margin, with average active sessions of 642,614 against 168,410 for CBS Radio, the next largest service (which includes AOL and Yahoo Radio), and 33,894 for Slacker. Pandora's user base is far larger than other internet–dedicated radio outlets, such as Europe's Spotify (6.5 million active users in 2011), Slacker Radio (15 million in early 2010), or play–on–demand services such as Rhapsody (750,000). Only London–based Last.fm, with about 37 million active users, seem comparable in size. Half of new users sign up through mobile devices, and over half of streamed hours on Pandora in January 11 are to mobile devices. Pandora is the most popular music app on smartphones, used by about 23% of iPhone and Android users and 18% of Blackberry users.[8]
2011 April Growth Pandora records its 10 billionth thumb (and it was a thumbs up).[35]
2011 June 15 Funding Funding Round for Pandora in announced, with GGV Capital as investor.[36]
2011 October 31 Growth Pandora grows revenues 187 percent in the first nine months of 2010.[30]
2011  ? Growth Pandora becomes the largest internet radio service by a wide margin. However, royalties to both songwriters and musical performers remain high.[37] The company claims having paid over 50% of its revenues in performance royalties.[38]
2012 June Competition Spotify adds Pandora style free radio service to its iPhone and iPad apps, competing directly with the Pandora radio service and removing the need to have both a Pandora and Spotify account.[39]
2012 September Growth Pandora now works on 600 consumer electronics devices.[40]
2013 March 7 Team Pandora chairman and chief executive officer Joseph J. Kennedy announces that he would leave the company after nine years.[41][42]
2013 June 11 Acquisition Pandora acquires KXMZ –a terrestrial radio station in South Dakota, in an attempt to take advantage of the performance royalty fees available to broadcast radio stations and Internet radio services operated by owners of broadcast radio stations.[43][44][45][46][47]
2013 September 1 Service Pandora removes a 40-hour-per-month limitation for free mobile listening.[48]
2013 December Competition iTunes is described as Pandora's "biggest existential threat".[4]
2013 December Penetration Pandora is noted as accounting for 70 percent of all Internet radio listening in the United States.[4]
2014 Service Pandora announces that the radio service will be interactive so artists can track their songs' popularity.[49]
2015 May 19 Acquisition Pandora acquires Next Big Sound, a six-year-old company that tracks the popularity of songs online and in social networks. The acquisition of the social analytics company is expected to add insight to Pandora's massive trove of data.[50][51][52][53]
2015 October 6 Acquisition Pandora acquires Ticketfly, a ticketmaster-type site, for US$450 million. Ticketfly provides ticketing and marketing software for venues and event promoters, making it easier for fans to find and buy tickets. The acquisition is believed to close the loop for Pandora by creating a one-stop-shop for artist discovery, marketing, and concert ticket sales.[54][55][56][57]
2015 November 16 Acquisition Pandora buys assets from on-demand streaming service Rdio. The $75 million deal is aimed at acquiring Rdio’s technology, intellectual property, and some other capabilites, but crucially, not Rdio’s operating business itself.[58][59][60][61]
2015 Service Car manufacturers offer Pandora's streaming service in 30 percent of the cars in the United States.[49]
2016 June Statistics Pandora has 78.1 million active users as of June.[62]
2016 September 13 Partnership Pandora announces licensing deals with Universal Music, Sony Music, indie record label trade association Merlin, and more than 30 other labels and distributors.[63][64][65][66][67][68]
2016 September 15 Service Pandora launches Pandora Plus, a rebranded and improved version of its $5-a-month Pandora One offering.[69][70][71][62][72][73]
2016  ? Growth Having built its business as an online and mobile version of traditional radio, without allowing users to make selections, plus more modern deals by Spotify and Apple Music with the music industry, Pandora begins to stagnate. Spotify outstrips Pandora in total listeners in 2016.[69]
2017 May 8 Funding Pandora raises US$150 million in Post-IPO Equity funding round, with Kohlberg Kravis Roberts as lead investors.[74]
2017 June 9 Funding Pandora raises US$480 million in Post-IPO Equity funding round.[75]
2017 November Growth Pandora ends its third quarter with 73.7 million active listeners, a decline of more than 7 million listeners from the 81 million it had in the same quarter a year ago.[76]

Visual data

Google Trends

The chart below shows Google Trends data for Pandora and streaming service competitors Apple Music, Spotify, Amazon Music and Google Play, from January 2004 to Month 2021, when the screenshot was taken. Interest is also ranked by country and displayed on world map.[77]

Pandora, Apple Music, Spotify, Amazon Music and Google Play gt.png

Google Ngram Viewer

The chart below shows Google Ngram Viewer data for Pandora Radio, from 2000 to 2019.[78]

Pandora Radio ngram.png

Wikipedia Views

The chart below shows pageviews of the English Wikipedia article Pandora Radio, on desktop from December 2007, and on mobile-web, desktop-spider, mobile-web-spider and mobile app, from July 2015; to February 2021.[79]

Pandora Radio wv.png

Meta information on the timeline

How the timeline was built

The initial version of the timeline was written by User:Sebastian.

Funding information for this timeline is available.

What the timeline is still missing

Timeline update strategy

See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ "Pandora files for $100 million IPO". money.cnn.com. Retrieved 1 January 2018. 
  2. ↑ "Is Music Streaming a Sustainable Business?". bbvaopenmind.com. Retrieved 11 March 2018. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "How Pandora Soothed The Savage Beast". fastcompany.com. Retrieved 10 March 2018. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Guglielmo, Connie (December 2, 2013). "Pandora Plays Nice" (paper). Forbes. pp. 46, 48. 
  5. ↑ Clifford, Stephanie (October 1, 2007). "Pandora's Long Strange Trip". inc.com. Retrieved 5 December 2017. 
  6. ↑ "Series A - Pandora". crunchbase.com. Retrieved 31 October 2017. 
  7. ↑ PARR, SAM. "How Pandora's Founder Convinced 50 Early Employees to Work 2 Years Without Pay". thehustle.co. Retrieved 1 January 2018. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 Gopinath, Sumanth; Stanyek, Jason. The Oxford Handbook of Mobile Music Studies, Volume 1. Retrieved 1 January 2018. 
  9. ↑ "Series B - Pandora". crunchbase.com. Retrieved 31 October 2017. 
  10. ↑ "Funding Round - Pandora". crunchbase.com. Retrieved 31 October 2017. 
  11. ↑ "Series C - Pandora". crunchbase.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017. 
  12. ↑ Sanders, Adrienne. "Pandora Media: VC's 18-year-old offered critical advice". bizjournals.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 "Labrador news 2006". labrador.com. Retrieved 5 December 2017. 
  14. ↑ "Series D - Pandora". crunchbase.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017. 
  15. ↑ "TOPIC: TIME MAGAZINE'S 50 COOLEST WEBSITES 2006". ulop.net. Retrieved 5 December 2017. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 "Labrador news 2006". labrador.com. Retrieved 5 December 2017. 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 "Labrador news 2006". labrador.com. Retrieved 5 December 2017. 
  18. ↑ "Giant of Internet Radio Nears Its 'Last Stand'". washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 2 January 2018. 
  19. ↑ "Pandora Hits 20 Million Registered Users (Via Twitter)". techcrunch.com. Retrieved 5 December 2017. 
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 20.5 "Labrador news 2006". labrador.com.  Text "http://www.labrador.com/new_2009.html" ignored (help);
  21. ↑ Siegler, MG. "The Freemium Model And A Desktop App Get The Thumbs Up With Pandora One". techcrunch.com. Retrieved 5 December 2017. 
  22. ↑ "Series D - Pandora". crunchbase.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017. 
  23. ↑ "Pandora Tunes Into $35 Million". pehub.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017. 
  24. ↑ "Pandora Raises $35 Million After Securing Long Term Survival". businessinsider.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017. 
  25. ↑ "Pandora Receives $35 Million Injection: MediaBytes with Shelly Palmer July 13, 2009". huffingtonpost.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017. 
  26. ↑ "Updated: Pandora Raises $35M". gigaom.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017. 
  27. ↑ "Pandora has raised $35 million in new VC funding". musicsupervisor.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017. 
  28. ↑ "The Month's Best Android Apps". gizmodo.com. Retrieved 5 December 2017. 
  29. ↑ Siegler, MG. "Pandora Opens Its Box A Bit More With Twitter, Facebook, And Gifting Integration". techcrunch.com. Retrieved 5 December 2017. 
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 30.2 "With 80 Million Users, Pandora Files To Go Public". techcrunch.com. Retrieved 1 January 2018. 
  31. ↑ Siegler, MG. "With 50 Million Users, Pandora Looks To Make Beautiful Music On The iPad". techcrunch.com. Retrieved 5 December 2017. 
  32. ↑ "Tim Westergren". content.time.com. Retrieved 5 December 2017. 
  33. ↑ "Labrador news 2006". labrador.com. 
  34. ↑ "Series E - Pandora". crunchbase.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017. 
  35. ↑ "Pandora Is Now 10 Billion Thumbs Strong". techcrunch.com. Retrieved 2 January 2018. 
  36. ↑ "Funding Round - Pandora". crunchbase.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017. 
  37. ↑ "Pandora and Music Royalties". bestofneworleans.com. Retrieved 2 January 2018. 
  38. ↑ Hardy, Phil. Nickels & Dimes: Music Publishing & It's Administration in the Modern Age. Retrieved 2 January 2018. 
  39. ↑ Horsey, Julian. "Spotify Adds Pandora Style Free Radio Service To Its iPhone & iPad Apps". geeky-gadgets.com. Retrieved 1 January 2018. 
  40. ↑ "Pandora now works on 600 different consumer devices". gigaom.com. Retrieved 1 January 2018. 
  41. ↑ "Chief Executive at Pandora Media to Step Down". mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com. Retrieved 5 December 2017. 
  42. ↑ "Pandora CEO announces resignation following record revenue and losses". theverge.com. Retrieved 2 January 2018. 
  43. ↑ "Pandora Buys Terrestrial Radio Station in South Dakota, Aims for Lower ASCAP Royalties". billboard.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  44. ↑ "Pandora Buys Terrestrial Radio Station in Fight Over Royalty Rates". pcmag.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  45. ↑ "Why Pandora bought an FM radio station". thehill.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  46. ↑ "Pandora Buys a Radio Station, Just to Make a Point About Royalties". bloomberg.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  47. ↑ "Pandora acquires terrestrial radio station KXMZ in order to nab RMLC license". slashgear.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  48. ↑ "Pandora will remove its 40 hour per month mobile listening cap on September 1st". thenextweb.com. Retrieved 5 December 2017. 
  49. ↑ 49.0 49.1 Biagi, Shirley. Media/Impact: An Introduction to Mass Media. 
  50. ↑ "Pandora Buys Next Big Sound to Track Popular Music". nytimes.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  51. ↑ "Pandora Acquires Next Big Sound". billboard.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  52. ↑ "Pandora acquires Techstars-backed music analytics company Next Big Sound". venturebeat.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  53. ↑ "Pandora acquires music data company Next Big Sound". latimes.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  54. ↑ Burns, Matt. "Pandora Acquires Ticketfly For $450M To Sell Concert Tickets". techcrunch.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  55. ↑ "Pandora Acquires Ticketfly for $450 Million". inc.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  56. ↑ "Pandora to Buy Ticketfly for $450 Million". wsj.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  57. ↑ "Pandora Acquires Ticket Seller Ticketfly For $450 Million". forbes.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  58. ↑ "Pandora To Buy Rdio Assets For $75M In Cash, Rdio Files Ch.11, Will Shutter Service". techcrunch.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  59. ↑ "Pandora Acquires Rdio Tech And Talent (Look Out, Spotify)". fastcompany.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  60. ↑ "Pandora to Acquire Pieces of Rdio". billboard.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  61. ↑ "Rdio is shutting down and Pandora is buying up the scraps". theverge.com. Retrieved 4 December 2017. 
  62. ↑ 62.0 62.1 "Pandora launches new radio service 'Pandora Plus'". cnbc.com. Retrieved 24 December 2017. 
  63. ↑ "Pandora is taking on Spotify and Apple -- and wants to go global". cnbc.com. Retrieved 24 December 2017. 
  64. ↑ McCormick, Rich. "Amazon and Pandora's $5 streaming music services will reportedly launch in the next few weeks". theverge.com. Retrieved 24 December 2017. 
  65. ↑ "Why a New Songwriter Lawsuit Is Unfair to Pandora and Spotify". fortune.com. Retrieved 24 December 2017. 
  66. ↑ Hall, Parker. "Pandora's upcoming Spotify killer has one major problem". digitaltrends.com. Retrieved 24 December 2017. 
  67. ↑ "Pandora signs new licensing deals, paving way to compete with Spotify". money.cnn.com. Retrieved 24 December 2017. 
  68. ↑ "Amazon and Pandora to Gauge Music's Value in the Internet Age". nytimes.com. Retrieved 24 December 2017. 
  69. ↑ 69.0 69.1 "Pandora launches song replays, more skips for all". cnet.com. Retrieved 24 December 2017. 
  70. ↑ "Pandora launches Pandora Plus, an improved version of its $5 subscription service". theverge.com. Retrieved 24 December 2017. 
  71. ↑ "Pandora has announced its $5 subscription service". recode.net. Retrieved 24 December 2017. 
  72. ↑ "Pandora Rebrands Its $4.99 Digital Radio Subscription as Pandora Plus, Adds Offline Listening". billboard.com. Retrieved 24 December 2017. 
  73. ↑ "Pandora Launches New and Improved Subscription Service 'Pandora Plus'". fortune.com. Retrieved 24 December 2017. 
  74. ↑ "Post-IPO Equity - Pandora". crunchbase.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017. 
  75. ↑ "Pandora Funding Rounds". crunchbase.com. Retrieved 11 March 2018. 
  76. ↑ "Many listeners tune out Pandora; investors give it a pummeling". mercurynews.com. Retrieved 24 December 2017. 
  77. ↑ "Pandora, Apple Music, Spotify, Amazon Music and Google Play". Google Trends. Retrieved 3 April 2021. 
  78. ↑ "Pandora Radio". books.google.com. Retrieved 3 April 2021. 
  79. ↑ "Pandora Radio". wikipediaviews.org. Retrieved 3 April 2021. 
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