Timeline of immunology
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This is a timeline of immunology.
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| Time period | Development summary |
|---|
Full timeline
| Year | Event type | Details | Country/region |
|---|---|---|---|
| 430 BC | "Nevertheless, there were intimations as early as 430 B.C. that if one survived a disease, the person thereafter became "immune" to any subsequent exposures."[1] | ||
| 1700 | "Although most historical accounts credit Edward Jenner for the development of the first immunization process, a previous similar procedure had become established in China by 1700. The technique was called variolation. This was derived from the name of the infective agent—the variola virus."[1] | China | |
| 1798 | " Edward Jenner initiates smallpox vaccination."[1][2][3] | ||
| 1840 | German physician Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle proposes a germ theory of disease. | ||
| 1862 | German biologist Ernst Haeckel recognizes phagocytosis.[3] | Germany | |
| 1874 | Moritz Traube and Richard Gscheidlen inject micro-organisms into the blood and find that micro-organisms are rapidly destroyed and bloodstream maintain its sterility.[3] | ||
| 1877 | German Jewish physician Paul Ehrlich first describes mast cells.[4][1][3] | ||
| 1878 | Louis Pasteur confirms and popularizes the germ theory of disease. | ||
| 1883 | Russian zoologist Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov theorizes that cells are involved in the defense of the body.[1][2] | ||
| 1884 | W. Grohmann notes that cell-free serum is capable of killing microorganism in vitro.[3] | ||
| 1888 | French bacteriologists Pierre Paul Émile Roux and Alexandre Yersin discover bacterial toxin, by isolating a toxin secreted by corynebacterium diphtheriae and showing that the toxin—and not the microorganism—gives rise to the symptoms of diphteria.[5][3] | France | |
| 1888 | American-British bacteriologist George Nuttall inoculates defibrinated blood with bacteria and shows that outside the body, serum retains its bactericidal activity.[3] | ||
| 1889 | Hans Buchner first identifies a principle in fresh blood that he terms as "alexin" and is capable of killing bacteria.[3] | ||
| 1889 | German bacteriologist Richard Friedrich Johannes Pfeiffer conducts a series of experiments that allow the understanding of bactericidal action of serum.[3] | Germany | |
| 1891 | Robert Koch discovers delayed type hypersensitivity.[1][2] | ||
| 1900 | Paul Ehrlich theorizes about some of the events taking place in immune cells, postulating that cells interact with toxins via "side chains" that stem from protoplasm. | ||
| 1902 | Charles Richet coins the term anaphylaxis to describe the most dangerous allergic reaction.[2] | ||
| 1906 | Clemens von Pirquet coins the term allergy.[1][2] | ||
| 1907 | Svante Arrhenius coins the term immunochemistry.[2] | ||
| 1910 | Henry Dale identifies histamine, a body chemical responsible for many allergic reactions. | ||
| 1916 | Robert Cook and Albert Vander Veer demonstrate the role of heredity in allergy sufferers. | ||
| 1921 | Carl Prausnitz and Heinz Küstner discover that components in the blood can reproduce food allergy reactions.[2] | ||
| 1926 | Lloyd D. Felton isolates pure antibody preparation. | ||
| 1934 | John Marrack advances the antigen-antibody binding hypothesis. | ||
| 1937 | David Bovet synthesizes the first antihistamine. | ||
| 1938 | "John Marrack formulates antigen-antibody binding hypothesis."[1] | ||
| 1940 | Karl Landsteiner and Alexander S. Weiner identify Rh antigens. | ||
| 1941 | Albert Coons develops immunofluorescence technique. | ||
| 1942 | "Jules Freund and Katherine McDermott research adjuvants."[1] | ||
| 1948 | Astrid Fagraeus demonstrates the production of antibodies in plasma B cells. | ||
| 1949 | " Macfarlane Burnet & Frank Fenner formulate immunological tolerance hypothesis."[1] | ||
| 1950 | Howard Gershon and Koichi S. Kondo discover suppressor T cells. | ||
| 1953 | J.F. Riley and G.B. West discover histamine in mast cells. | ||
| 1957 | British virologist Alick Isaacs and Suiss colleague Jean Lindemann discover interferon.[6][1][7] | ||
| 1958 | Jean Dausset discovers human leukocyte antigens. | ||
| 1959 | Rodney Porter discovers antybody structure. | ||
| 1959 | "Niels Jerne, David Talmage, Macfarlane Burnet develop clonal selection theory."[1] | ||
| 1962 | "Rodney Porter and team discovery the structure of antibodies."[1] | ||
| 1962 | "Jaques Miller and team discover thymus involvement in cellular immunity."[1] | ||
| 1962 | "Noel Warner and team distinguish between cellular and humoral immune responses."[1] | ||
| 1964 | Anthony Davis identifies T and B cell cooperation in immune response. | ||
| 1967 | Teruko and Kimishige Ishizaka identify IgE, the allergy antibody. | ||
| 1968 | " Anthony Davis and team discover T cell and B cell cooperation in immune response."[1] | ||
| 1974 | "Rolf Zinkernagel and Peter Doherty explore major histocompatibility complex restriction."[1] | ||
| 1985 | Susumu Tonegawa and Leroy Hood identify immunoglobulin genes."[1] | ||
| 1985 | Leroy Hood identifies genes for the T. cell receptor. | ||
| 1985 | "Scientists begin the rapid identification of genes for immune cells that continues to the present."[1] | ||
| 1987 | " Leroy Hood and team identify genes for the T cell receptor."[1] | ||
| 1990 | Leroy Hood identifies genes for the T. cell receptor. | ||
| 2000 | FDA approves the first anti-IgE drug, rhu-MAb-E25. |
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References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 "History of immunology". encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Rejaunier, Jeanne; Freund, Lee. The Complete Idiot's Guide to Food Allergies.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 Sinha, J.K.; Bhattacharya, S. A Text Book of Immunology.
- ↑ McCance,, Kathryn L.; Huether, Sue E. Pathophysiology E-Book: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children.
- ↑ "Alexandre Yersin". britannica.com. Retrieved 3 August 2018.
- ↑ Erling, Norrby. Nobel Prizes And Nature's Surprises.
- ↑ "Interferon Discoverer Dies". the-scientist.com. Retrieved 3 August 2018.
