Timeline of endocrinology

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This is a timeline of endocrinology.

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Year Event type Details Location
1865 " French physiologist Claude Bernard (1813-1878). In 1865 Bernard published his landmark treatise “An Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine” in which he introduced the concept of “milieu interieur” (internal milieu) and the importance of endocrine systems in keeping this constant."[1]
1914 "biochemist Edward C. Kendall isolated thyroxine in crystalline form on Christmas Day, 1914."[1]
1916 Organization The Endocrine Society is founded. It is a professional, international medical organization in the field of endocrinology and metabolism.[2] United States
1917 Literature (journal) Scientific journal Endocrinology is launched by the Endocrine Society.[3] United States
1923 Canadian medical scientist Frederick Banting and John Mcleod are awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for the discovery of insulin.[4]
1923 Organization The American Thyroid Association is founded.[5] It is a non-profit, all-volunteer professional organization with over 1,700 members from 43 countries around the world.[6] United States
1925 "James B. Collip (Society President, 1925-1926) isolated parathyroid hormone and with Leitch used in the treatment of tetany. Collip JB 1925 The extraction of a parathyroid hormone which will prevent or control parathyroid tetany and which regulates the level of blood calcium. Journal of Biological Chemistry 63 395–438."[1]
1926 British chemist Charles Harington successfully synthesizes thyroxine.[1][7][8] United Kingdom
1929 "Walter B. Cannon (Society President, 1921-1922) coins the term "homeostasis" for "same" and "steady". This important concept highlighted the critical role of negative feedback in governing endocrine physiology. "[1]
1929 "C.F. and G.T. Cori proposed the theory of the Cori Cycle. The Cori Cycle refers to the phases in the metabolism of carbohydrates in which muscles convert glycogen to lactic acid, which is carried by the blood to the liver where it is converted to glycogen then broken down to glucose that, in turn, is carried by the blood to muscles, where it is converted to glycogen and used as an energy source for muscular activity."[1]
1929 Scientific development Adolf Butenandt and American biochemist Edward Adelbert Doisy isolate estrone simultaneously but independently.[9][10][11][12] Germany, United States
1931 Scientific development German biochemist Adolf Butenandt isolates the androgenic steroid androsterone.[13] Germany
1933 Scientific development American biologist Oscar Riddle and colleagues identify and isolate the pituitary hormone prolactin.[14][15][16] United States
1935 Dutch biochemist Ernst Laqueur in Amsterdam isolates testosterone, and determines its chemical structure.[17][18][19][13] Netherlands
1937 Scientific development Ruzicka, Butendant and Hanisch synthesize testosterone from cholesterol.[17]
1946 Organization The Society for Endocrinology is founded. It is an international membership organization, supporting scientists, clinicians and nurses who work with hormones throughout their careers.[20] United Kingdom
1950 American chemist Edward Calvin Kendall, Polish-Swiss chemist Tadeus Reichstein and American physician Philip Showalter Hench are awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects."[21]
1965 Organization The European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology (ESPE) is founded in Copenhagen.[22] Denmark
1979 Organization The Max Planck Institute of Experimental Endocrinology is founded.
1980 Organization "BIRDEM, the Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation for Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders" Bangladesh

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References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 "Century of Endocrinology Timeline". endocrine.org. Retrieved 15 January 2019. 
  2. ↑ "History of the Endocrine Society". endocrine.org. Retrieved 5 February 2019. 
  3. ↑ "The Endocrine Society The First Forty Years (1917-1957)". academic.oup.com. Retrieved 5 February 2019. 
  4. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1923". nobelprize.org. Retrieved 5 February 2019. 
  5. ↑ "American Thyroid Association Timeline". thyroid.org. Retrieved 5 February 2019. 
  6. ↑ "American Thyroid Association". touchendocrinology.com. Retrieved 5 February 2019. 
  7. ↑ Science News. 
  8. ↑ Biochemical journal, Volume 129, Issue 3. 
  9. ↑ Laylin, James K. Nobel Laureates in Chemistry, 1901-1992. 
  10. ↑ Huggins, Charles. Experimental Leukemia and Mammary Cancer: Induction, Prevention, Cure. 
  11. ↑ Fox, Daniel M.; Meldrum, Marcia; Rezak, Ira. Nobel Laureates in Medicine or Physiology: A Biographical Dictionary. 
  12. ↑ Siegel Watkins, Elizabeth. The Estrogen Elixir: A History of Hormone Replacement Therapy in America. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Testosterone: From Basic to Clinical Aspects (Alexandre Hohl ed.). 
  14. ↑ Office of the Home Secretary, National Academy of Sciences. 
  15. ↑ Medvei, V.C. A History of Endocrinology. 
  16. ↑ Die Drüsen mit innerer Sekretion: Ihre physiologische und therapeutische Bedeutung. Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry (American Medical Association). 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Taylor, William N. Anabolic Steroids and the Athlete, 2d ed. 
  18. ↑ Testosterone: Action, Deficiency, Substitution (Eberhard Nieschlag, Hermann M. Behre, Susan Nieschlag ed.). 
  19. ↑ Wolf, Michael P.; Koons, Jeremy Randel. The Normative and the Natural. 
  20. ↑ "Society for Endocrinology". endocrinology.org. Retrieved 5 February 2019. 
  21. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1950". nobelprize.org. Retrieved 5 February 2019. 
  22. ↑ "The European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology". eurospe.org. Retrieved 5 February 2019. 
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