Timeline of Our World in Data

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This is a timeline of Our World in Data (OWID), an online publication that presents empirical research and data on global change, in particular global living conditions.

Big picture

Time period Development summary
2011–2014 Max Roser starts working on OWID, researching on economic history and development economics, and collecting lots of empirical data.[1]
2014 ourworldindata.org launches. Since then, OWID would expand into a small team of researchers and web developers, and their reach and audience would grow.[2]
2015 OWID launches website sdg-tracker.org to track progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals.
2019 OWID becomes part of Y Combinator. About a million people visit ourworldindata.org each month, mainly though organic search traffic.[3]


Full timeline

Year Month and date Event type Details
2011 Prelude Max Roser, a German-born economist at the University of Oxford, starts working on OWID. Later, he would explain his project was the answer to his dissapointment and anger with a media and education that were not informing him and others about fundamental trends that are changing the world.[4][5]
2013 Study release Study analyzing world population growth is published.[6]
2013 Study release Studies focusing on the history of famine and famine mortality over time are published.[7]
2013 Study release Studies analyzing human height[8], extreme poverty[9], happiness and life satisfaction,[10] literacy[11], and ethnographic and archaeological evidence on violent deaths are published.[12]
2013 July Study release Study analyzing terrorism is published.[13]
2013 December Study release Studies analyzing global economic inequality[14], and income inequality are published.[15]
2014 Study release Studies analyzing data and research on international trade patterns,[16] as well as fertility rate are published.[17]
2014 June Website launch Max Roser launches ourworldindata.org.[2][1]
2014 June Study release OWID publishes study analyzing the eradication of infectious diseases.[18]
2014 November Study release OWID publishes studies analyzing data on environmental issues including indoor air pollution[19] and ozone layer.[20] as well as data on health issues like HIV/AIDS.[21]
2014 December Funding The Nuffield Foundation awards a grant to expand OWID over the course of 2015.[1]
2015 Team Lindsay Lee, Mohamed Nagdy and Julia Murphy join OWID research team. Zdenek Hynek becomes the first web developer in the team and builds the initial prototype of OWID-Grapher.[22]
2015 July Study release OWID publishes study analyzing cancer as a cause of death worldwide,[23] as well as vaccination.[24]
2015 August Study release OWID publishes study analyzing suicide.[25]
2015 August 23 Recognition Canadian-American popular science author Steven Pinker places Our World in Data on his list of his personal “cultural highlights”[26] and explains in his article on 'the most interesting recent scientific news' why he considers Our World in Data so very important.[27]
2015 September Website launch The 193 countries of the United Nations General Assembly adopt the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a set of targets for global development to be achieved by 2030. OWID subsequently builds the site sdg-tracker.org to track progress towards them.[28][29]
2015 September 23 Coverage Material from OWID is used for Don’t Panic, How to End Poverty, a documentary film with Hans Rosling and produced by Wingspan Productions for This World on BBC Two.[30]
2015 November Study release OWID publishes study analyzing the burden of malaria worldwide.[31]
2016–2017 Team Jaiden Mispy joins OWID as web developer during this period.[22]
2016 Team Esteban Ortiz-Ospina joins research team.[32]
2016 January Study release OWID publishes study analyzing the global burden of disease.[33]
2016 April 25 Study release OWID publishes data showing decline of malaria deaths by world region.[34]
2016 May 20 Study release OWID publishes study indicating the decline of fertility around the globe.[35]
2016 June 12 Study release OWID publishes study analyzing human rights across the world.[36]
2016 October 10 Study release OWID publishes study analyzing corruption across the world.[37]
2017 Team Hannah Ritchie, Joe Hasell, Diana Beltekian, Marco Molteni, and Sophie Ochmann join OWID research team.[32][22]
2017 April Study release OWID publishes study analyzing ambient outdoor air pollution.[38]
2017 April 21 Coverage Our World in Data is cited in academic paper Ecosystem management as a wicked problem, by Ruth DeFries and Harini Nagendra; published in 'Science.[39]
2017 May Study release OWID publishes study showing CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions across the globe.[40]
2017 June 20 Coverage OWID is cited in academic paper Future of fundamental discovery in US biomedical research by Michael Levitt and Jonathan M. Levitt.[30][41]
2017 August Study release OWID publishes studies analyzing diet composition,[42], micronutrient deficiency[43], and meat and seafood production and consumption,[44]
2017 September 11 Coverage OWID is cited in academic paper The global distribution of economic activity: nature, history, and the role of trade, by J. Vernon Henderson, Tim Squires, Adam Storeygard, and David Weil.[30][45]
2017 November 9 Study release OWID publishes study analyzing the burden of poliomyelitis.[46]
2017 Coverage OWID is cited in An Introduction to Global Health Delivery by Joia S. Mukherje.[30]
2018 Team Daniel Gavrilov joins Our World in Data as web developer and Sonya Bhatt joins as administrative and finance officer.[32]
2018 February 2 Funding Our World in Data receives almost US$ 1.8 million research grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to enhance its work presenting the empirical research and data on global development.[47]
2018 February 13 Coverage OWID is cited in Stephen Pinker's Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress.[30]
2018 February Study release OWID publishes study analyzing changes in causes of death across the world, as global population increases, life expectancy rises, and living standards improve.[48]
2018 March Study release OWID publishes study analyzing female labor supply.[49]
2018 March Study release OWID publishes study analyzing gender pay gap.[50]
2018 April Study release OWID publishes studies analyzing alcohol consumption[51], substance use[52], and mental health.[53]
2018 April Coverage OWID is cited in Factfulness: Ten Reasons We're Wrong About the World – and Why Things Are Better Than You Think, by Hans Rosling, Ola Rosling, and Anna Rosling Rönnlund.[30]
2018 April 21 Recognition Bill Gates refers to Max Roser as "one his favorite economists".[54]
2018 June 28 Coverage The online publication SDG-Tracker launches. It presents data across all available indicators, and relies on the Our World in Data database and is also based at the University of Oxford.[29][55][56] The publication has global coverage and tracks whether the world is making progress towards the SDGs.[57] It aims to make the data on the 17 goals available and understandable to a wide audience.[58]
2018 September Study release Our World in Data publishes studies analyzing trend in urbanization[59], as well as plastic pollution in the environment.[60]
2019 January Our World in Data announces they're part of Y Combinator.[2] It is one of only 3 nonprofit organizations in Y Combinator's Winter 2019 cohort.[61]
2019 March 18 Funding Our World in Data raises US$ 150,000 Seed from Y Combinator.[62][63]
2019 April 24 Study release Our World in Data releases study providing an overview of Earth's biomass, how it is distributed between taxonomic group of organisms, and the environments within which they live.[64]
2019 April 26 Study release Our World in Data publishes study on global biomass showing how life spans across the planet's three high-level habitat environments.[65]
2019 April 29 Study release A study on data collected from nine countries is published showing that women are very underrepresented at the top of the income distribution. However, women are at this time better represented in top income groups than they were in 2000. The discussion on economic inequality by gender delves into various aspects of the gender pay gap, its causes, and its implications. It highlights how the gap is measured differently across countries and over time, emphasizing that it captures inequality but not necessarily discrimination. Despite progress, the gap remains substantial in most countries, especially for older workers. Factors contributing to the gap include differences in human capital, job characteristics, discrimination, and societal norms. While education has played a role in narrowing the gap, disparities persist due to job-related factors and societal expectations. The analysis underscores the complexity of the gender pay gap and the need for comprehensive strategies to address it.[66]
2019 May 6 Study release Our World in Data publishes study indicating that the rate of poverty reduction around the world has slowed and that it may even stagnate. The decline in extreme poverty over recent decades is significant, but the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the situation. While progress has been made in some regions, many still live in extreme poverty. Varying definitions of poverty across countries complicate measurement, but a global poverty line of $2.15 per day provides a consistent benchmark.[67][68]
2019 May 23 Study release An article is published discussing the age structure of populations globally, examining historical trends and future projections. It explains the concept of population pyramids and how they depict demographic changes over time. The analysis highlights the shift from young, growing populations to older, stable ones, impacting societies and economies. It discusses the median age variation across countries and how it correlates with income levels and population growth rates. The article also explores the evolution of age structures in different countries, illustrating the aging transition in higher-income nations and the youthful populations in lower-income ones. Lastly, it examines dependency ratios, emphasizing their significance for economic and social stability, and how they vary across the world.[69]
2019 June 11 Study release An article is published discussing historical child mortality rates and the significant progress made in recent decades. Historical data from various regions and time periods indicate that around half of all children died before adulthood, with little variation globally. Despite efforts, no substantial progress was made until recent times, highlighting the challenge of combating early death. High historical mortality rates are supported by evidence of high birth rates and stagnant population growth. However, recent years have seen remarkable improvement, with global child mortality declining from around 50% to 4%.[70]
2019 June Study release Our World in Data publishes study analyzing gender ratio, which reflects the ratio between male and female populations, and fluctuates due to various biological, social, technological, cultural, and economic factors. This ratio impacts society, demographics, and the economy. The disparity in the number of men and women varies globally and over time, influenced by age groups and external forces. While "gender" and "sex" are often distinct, the term "gender ratio" is used interchangeably with "sex ratio" for familiarity and accessibility, although the latter is more precise as it directly reflects the data based on biological sex and is increasingly favored in academic discourse.[71]
2019 July 3 A guest author shares how she utilizes Our World in Data (OWID) in her medical practice to understand and address complex mental health issues. Through vignettes of patients like Christopher, Margaret, Ian, and Linda, she illustrates the interconnected nature of mental health challenges, including depression, anxiety, loneliness, and substance abuse. Gordon emphasizes the importance of considering broader societal factors, such as climate change discussions and social isolation, in diagnosing and treating patients. By incorporating data and insights from OWID into her practice, she aims to provide more holistic and effective care for her patients.
2019 September Our World in Data publishes an article underscoring the critical importance of clean water access globally, stressing its vital role in public health. Unsafe water remains a significant risk factor, contributing to over a million deaths yearly, predominantly in low-income nations where death rates surpass 50 per 100,000 people. Despite progress, one in four individuals still lacks access to safe drinking water, with Sub-Saharan Africa bearing the brunt. While income levels generally correlate with improved access, disparities persist, influenced by governance and infrastructure. Urban areas typically fare better, highlighting rural infrastructure challenges. Overall, ensuring clean water access is paramount, especially in low-income regions, to address health disparities effectively.[72]
2019 September 20 Our World in Data publishes article highlighting the global progress in maternal health, noting the stark contrast between historical and present-day maternal mortality rates. While significant improvements have been made, inequalities persist worldwide. Comparing scenarios, it's evident that achieving the maternal health standards of the European Union could prevent nearly 300,000 maternal deaths annually. The majority of these deaths occur in low and lower-middle-income countries, emphasizing the need for improved maternal care and healthcare infrastructure. Efforts to bridge these gaps could save hundreds of thousands of lives each year, making maternal deaths as rare as in the healthiest countries.[73]
2020 February 10 Hannah Ritchie publishes analysis highlighting the varying safety and cleanliness of different energy sources. Fossil fuels are identified as the dirtiest and most hazardous, contributing significantly to pollution and health risks. In contrast, nuclear and modern renewable energy sources are deemed considerably safer and cleaner options. The article emphasizes the importance of transitioning away from fossil fuels to mitigate negative impacts on human health and climate change, rather than focusing solely on the choice between nuclear and renewable energy.[74]
2020 December 1 A publication by Max Roser discusses the rapid decrease in renewable energy costs, making them more affordable than fossil fuels in many regions. This shift is attributed to the learning curves of renewable technologies, where prices decline with each doubling of installed capacity. Unlike renewables, fossil fuel prices do not follow this trend. Roser emphasizes the need for substantial investments in scaling up renewable technologies to drive down prices further and ensure a transition to low-carbon electricity. Additionally, he highlights the potential for economic growth, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, through increased access to affordable renewable energy.[75]
2020 December Hannah Ritchie, Max Roser, and Pablo Rosado discuss the growing importance of renewable energy sources in combating climate change. Since the Industrial Revolution, fossil fuels have dominated the global energy mix, leading to significant greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution-related health issues. To address these challenges, the world needs to transition rapidly to low-carbon energy sources, including nuclear and renewables. The article examines the current status and growth of renewable energy technologies worldwide, highlighting their role in decarbonizing energy systems and their promising potential for transforming the global energy mix.[76]
2021 May 10 An article by Hannah Ritchie announces the publication of Our World in Data's COVID-19 vaccination dataset in the academic journal Nature Human Behaviour. The dataset has been tracking global COVID-19 vaccinations since December 2020 and has become a key resource for international organizations, policymakers, and journalists worldwide. It includes various metrics such as doses administered, daily vaccinations, and the breakdown of first and second doses, among others. The dataset was submitted to Nature Human Behaviour along with an accompanying academic paper, detailing its compilation and methodology. The citation for the dataset is provided, and readers are directed to the manuscript for further information. The data is updated daily and freely available for public use on Our World in Data's website and GitHub page.[77]
2021 June 10 A publication by Hannah Ritchie underscores the critical need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from food production to meet global climate targets. Despite the focus on energy emissions, neglecting food emissions would still exceed carbon budgets for 1.5°C or 2°C warming scenarios. Options to reduce food emissions include shifting to plant-based diets, reducing food waste, adopting healthy calorie consumption, and implementing best farming practices. While each option contributes to emissions reduction, combining them is essential for significant impact. Achieving these changes could lead to net negative emissions by 2050, offering a transformative shift towards a more sustainable global food system.[78]
2022 January 11 In a ourworldindata.org publication, Max Roser discusses the historical perception of poverty and its evolution over the centuries. Contrary to Malthus' assertion of poverty inevitability, economic growth has demonstrated its potential to alleviate widespread poverty. Using Sweden as an example, Roser illustrates how economic progress has lifted many out of deep poverty, highlighting the role of strong growth in achieving this. However, he emphasizes that poverty remains pervasive globally, affecting 85% of the population, with high-income countries being the exception. Roser calculates that a significant increase in global economic output, coupled with reduced inequality, is necessary to substantially reduce poverty. Despite progress, Roser concludes that the fight against poverty is still in its early stages, with much work remaining to be done.[79]
2022 October 20 Our World in Data reports that globally, seasonal influenza causes an average of 400,000 deaths from respiratory disease each year. Although the risk of death from influenza has declined over time due to improved sanitation, healthcare, and vaccination, it remains a significant burden worldwide. Individuals born in 1940 had approximately one-third of the risk of dying from influenza compared to those born in 1900, and those born in 1980 had a risk of half that of those born in 1940. Despite these improvements, factors such as an aging population and limited access to healthcare and sanitation contribute to the continued impact of influenza. The article explores these trends and risk factors, as well as the reasons behind large flu pandemics that have caused millions of deaths in some years.[80]
2023 July 6 An article by Joe Hasell discusses the evolution of income inequality within countries over the past century. While the significant increase in inequality in the United States is well-documented, long-term data on the incomes of the richest individuals reveal diverse trajectories among countries. Thanks to research methods utilizing income tax records, researchers have gained insights into income inequality over extended periods, surpassing the limitations of household surveys. Coordinated efforts by the World Inequality Database have expanded the coverage of countries and periods, providing standardized estimates of income distribution. The analysis reveals that the early and mid-20th century witnessed dramatic declines in income inequality across many nations. However, from the 1980s onwards, inequality began to rise again in numerous high-income countries, forming a 'U-shaped' pattern over the century. For example, the US experienced substantial increases in income inequality, reaching levels similar to a century ago. Conversely, some countries, such as Japan, Sweden, Spain, France, and the Netherlands, have maintained relatively stable levels of inequality since the mid-20th century, displaying an 'L-shaped' trend. These variations underscore the influence of national institutions, politics, and policies in shaping income inequality, challenging the notion that rising inequality is solely determined by global economic forces.[81]
2023 July 11 Study release An article from Our World in Data delves into the crucial topic of population growth, charting humanity's journey from a fraction of today's numbers to over 8 billion individuals. Despite centuries of rapid expansion, experts anticipate a peak in global population by the century's end. The piece offers comprehensive data, charts, and insights on population distribution shifts, exploring trends and forecasts. Notably, population cartograms provide a unique perspective, highlighting where people are concentrated compared to traditional geographical maps. These resources aid in understanding global demographic dynamics and their implications for the future.[82]
2023 July 18 An article introduces Our World in Data's SDG Tracker, which monitors global progress towards achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. It utilizes official statistics from the UN and other international organizations to present data across various indicators. The tracker aims to provide free, open-access information to enable people worldwide to hold their governments accountable for meeting the SDGs. This revised version, launched in 2023, builds upon the original 2018 version, with ongoing updates to ensure the inclusion of the most recent data and developments related to the SDGs until the end of the 2030 Agenda.[83]
2023 July 27 A Max Roser's article emphasizes the limitations of personal experience in understanding the world and underscores the importance of relying on global statistics. Despite the value of personal interactions, Roser highlights the narrow scope they offer compared to the vastness of the world's population. He discusses the fragmented perspective provided by news media and advocates for a statistical understanding to gain a broader view. Roser acknowledges the imperfections of data collection but asserts the necessity of statistical literacy in forming a comprehensive worldview. He concludes by emphasizing Our World in Data's mission to make statistical information accessible and understandable for everyone.[84]
2023 August 31 Hannah Ritchie discusses the stark inequalities in global CO2 emissions, highlighting disparities based on income groups and regions. High-income countries emit over 30 times more CO2 per capita than low-income countries, despite having a smaller population share. Similarly, regions like Asia emit more in total, with China contributing significantly, while Africa emits less. Adjusting for trade doesn't change the picture drastically, with over 80% of emissions originating from high- and upper-middle-income countries. This reveals how richer nations disproportionately contribute to emissions compared to their population share, exacerbating global climate inequality.[85]
2023 October 2 Max Roser and Esteban Ortiz-Ospina announce the appointment of Rachel Glennerster and Sir Andrew Dilnot as new board members of the Global Change Data Lab, the organization behind Our World in Data. Glennerster, formerly the Chief Economist of the UK's Department for International Development, brings expertise in policy, research, and international development. Dilnot, the Warden of Nuffield College Oxford and former chair of the UK Statistics Authority, adds his wealth of experience in statistics and economics. Their addition to the board enhances the organization's efforts in education, health, and data-driven policy discussions.[86]
2023 October 13 A publication discusses the various approaches used by researchers to measure armed conflicts and conflict-related deaths, highlighting the challenges associated with such measurements. It identifies six primary data sources commonly used in this field and explores their methodologies, coverage, and areas of focus. The publication emphasizes the differences between these sources in terms of conflict types covered, thresholds for inclusion, inclusion of civilian deaths, and temporal and geographical coverage. Additionally, it discusses how each source addresses challenges in measuring conflicts and deaths, such as ensuring validity, precision, comparability, and accessibility of data. Finally, it concludes that the choice of data source depends on the specific research questions and interests of the user, and having multiple approaches to measuring conflict deaths is beneficial for understanding global armed conflicts comprehensively.[87]
2023 October 18 An article discusses the redesign of Our World in Data's Grapher tool, which facilitates interactive data visualizations. The redesign aims to enhance user experience and functionality across various aspects of data exploration. Updates include improved view selection, enhanced downloading and sharing options, clearer data source attribution, and enabling full-screen data exploration. The article outlines the changes made, the rationale behind them, and plans for further improvements, such as a new country/entity selector, optimized mobile experience, and support for multiple chart types. Additionally, readers are encouraged to provide feedback for ongoing refinement and optimization of the tool.[88]
2023 December 7 Study release An article from Our World in Data on pandemics underscores the importance of proactive measures to mitigate future outbreaks. While disease outbreaks are inevitable, large-scale pandemics can be prevented through better understanding, resources, and global cooperation. The COVID-19 pandemic, despite warnings, claimed over 27 million lives, highlighting the urgency of preparedness. To mitigate risks, efforts must focus on testing for pathogens, understanding transmission dynamics, and developing effective countermeasures. Historical lessons emphasize the efficacy of vaccines, public health interventions, and medical advancements. Additionally, emerging threats from factors like factory farming, genetic modification, climate change, and antimicrobial resistance require heightened attention and proactive measures. The article provides insights and data to inform strategies for pandemic prevention and response.[89]
2024 February 28 The Our World in Data homepage is redesigned to enhance user experience and provide easier access to a wider range of content. Changes include an increase in featured content to showcase the breadth of data, research, and writing, a clearer structure with prominent search options and topic lists, and a focus on interactive visualizations with the inclusion of the Grapher tool. The redesign maintains popular navigational elements like the search bar and topic dropdown menu while retaining the site's structure and mission. The goal is to make navigating the content smoother for users, whether they prefer browsing, searching, or being guided by featured content.[90]
2024 March 6 "Data Insights" is introduced as a new format presenting bite-sized analyses focused on a single chart. Each insight features a title conveying the key message, accompanied by a chart, concise explanation, link to explore further, and related content. The inaugural insights cover topics such as the decline of extreme poverty in China, the rise of renewable energy, global disparities in life expectancy, and variances in pacemaker adoption. These insights, designed for easy sharing and understanding, aim to communicate important trends succinctly, complementing the platform's existing longer-form content.[91]

Visual data

Google Trends

The comparative chart below shows Google Trends data for Our World in Data (Search term) and Our World in Data (Topic), from January 2011 to March 2021, when the screenshot was taken. Interest is also ranked by country and displayed on world map.[92]

Our World in Data gt.png

Google Ngram Viewer

The chart below shows Google Ngram Viewer data for Our World in Data, from 2011 to 2019.[93]

Our World in Data ngram.png

Wikipedia Views

The chart below shows pageviews of the English Wikipedia article Our World in Data, on desktop, mobile-web, desktop-spider, mobile-web-spider and mobile app, from July 2015 to February 2021.[94]

Our World in Data wv.png

Meta information on the timeline

How the timeline was built

The initial version of the timeline was written by User:Sebastian.

Funding information for this timeline is available.

Feedback and comments

Feedback for the timeline can be provided at the following places:

  • FIXME

What the timeline is still missing

Timeline update strategy

See also

External links

References

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