Timeline of xAI

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This is a timeline of xAI, a company founded by Elon Musk with the stated mission of developing and advancing artificial intelligence technologies with a focus on understanding and addressing complex challenges in the universe. The company aims to create advanced AI models and tools, such as the Grok series of conversational AI models, to push the boundaries of what artificial intelligence can achieve in various domains.

Sample questions

The following are some interesting questions that can be answered by reading this timeline:

  • What funding rounds and financing activities has xAI undertaken since its founding?
    • Sort the full timeline by "Event type" and look for the group of rows with value "Funding".
    • You will receive a chronological overview of xAI’s funding history, detailing equity raises, debt financing, valuations, investor outreach, and public statements about capital raising.
  • What are some notable personnel, executive, and hiring milestones at xAI?
    • Sort the full timeline by "Event type" and look for the group of rows with value "Team".
    • You will see a number of xAI’s internal team developments, including executive appointments, resignations, and major hiring initiatives.
  • Which products and AI systems has xAI launched over time?
    • Sort the full timeline by "Event type" and look for the group of rows with value "Product launch".
    • You will see a chronological overview of xAI’s major product launches, including Grok model releases, developer tools, training infrastructure, and consumer applications.
  • What major infrastructure projects has xAI developed to support its AI systems?
    • Sort the full timeline by "Event type" and look for the group of rows with value "Infrastructure".
    • You will see a summary of xAI’s infrastructure development, detailing data center construction, supercomputer deployment, GPU integration, and power capacity approvals.
  • What major controversies has xAI faced over time?
    • Sort the full timeline by "Event type" and look for the group of rows with value "Controversy".
    • You will receive a summary of major controversies involving xAI, highlighting incidents, public backlash, and company responses.
  • Other events are described under the following types: "Company formation", "Product announcement", "Product availability", "Tool demonstration", and "Update".

Big picture

Time period Development summary More details
2023 Formation and early development xAI is founded by Elon Musk in March 2023, with the mission to understand the true nature of the universe. Officially announced in July 2023, the company’s formation draws inspiration from The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy. Igor Babuschkin, a former DeepMind engineer, is appointed Chief Engineer. Despite raising $134.7 million in late 2023, Musk claims xAI wasn’t seeking additional funding. By May 2024, however, the company seeks $6 billion, securing investments from major venture capital firms like Andreessen Horowitz and Sequoia Capital. Musk also predicts AI-driven job obsolescence and the need for universal income.
2024 Expanding reach and technological breakthroughs xAI launches Colossus, the world’s largest supercomputer, in Memphis, with environmental concerns surrounding its power consumption. The company introduces Grok, an AI chatbot integrated with X, and PromptIDE, an environment for AI prompt engineering. By March 2024, Grok is available to all X Premium subscribers. New versions, like Grok-1.5 and Grok-1.5 Vision, improve reasoning and visual processing. In August 2024, Grok-2, featuring image generation, launches for Premium subscribers. xAI also releases an API and Aurora, a text-to-image model. In December, the company raises an additional $6 billion in funding, totaling over $12 billion.
2025 Further expansion, acquisitions, and controversies xAI rapidly expands from a niche AI developer into a major generative AI and social media powerhouse under Elon Musk. The year begins with the standalone launch of Grok on iOS and web, offering real-time integration with X and multimodal capabilities. Grok 3 follows, emphasizing superior reasoning and coding skills. Strategic acquisitions of Hotshot and X itself integrate video generation tools and vast user data, while partnerships with Telegram broaden Grok’s reach. Controversies over offensive chatbot behavior and environmental impacts of the Colossus data center underscore moderation and ethical challenges. Legal disputes, executive turnover, and competition with Apple highlights operational tensions. xAI also pushes technological boundaries with grok-code-fast-1 for programming and world models for gaming and robotics.

Full timeline

Inclusion criteria

The following events are selected for inclusion in the timeline:

  • Product releases, including models and software in general.
  • Partnerships.
  • Competitions only with companies of the same tier.

We do not include:

  • Twitter/X related events (see Timeline of Twitter)
  • Comprehensive information on team members’ arrivals and departures within the company.
  • Eligible significant events without a founding date.

Timeline

Year Event type Details
2023 (March 9) Company formation xAI is founded by Elon Musk in Nevada, with its headquarters established in the San Francisco Bay Area, California. The company aims to "understand the true nature of the universe."[1][2]
2023 (July 12) Company formation Elon Musk officially announces the formation of xAI. He links the date (7 + 12 + 23 = 42) to "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" by Douglas Adams, which emphasizes the number 42 as the answer to the ultimate question of life, the universe, and everything. This connection is tied to xAI's mission to understand the universe.[3]
2023 (August 18) Product launch The first flagship model, Grok-0, is completed. It is a 33B parameter dense transformer architecture.[3]
2023 (November 3) Product announcement Elon Musk announces on X that xAI is preparing to release its first AI product to a limited group. Musk claims the system is among the best currently available, though details are sparse.[4][3]
2023 (November 4) Product launch xAI unveils Grok, an AI chatbot integrated with the X platform. Initially released in beta, xAI announces that Grok would be available exclusively to X's Premium+ subscribers once the beta phase concluded.[5][6]
2023 (November 6) Product launch xAI launches PromptIDE, a cutting-edge development environment designed for prompt engineering and AI transparency. It offers tools for real-time model exploration, detailed analytics, and visualization of language model decision-making. With its Python editor and SDK, users can implement complex prompts, track changes, and collaborate. At this time available to early access users, PromptIDE would accelerate the development of Grok and advance AI transparency.[7][8][9][3][10]
2023 (7 December) Product availability X users subscribed to X Premium+ are given access to use Grok on the X website and apps.[3]
2023 (December) Funding xAI discloses in a U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filing that it has raised $134.7 million in outside funding, out of a potential total of $1 billion. Despite this, Elon Musk would later claim on X (formerly Twitter) that the company was not seeking any funding.
2024 (January 26) Funding Elon Musk denies reports that his AI startup xAI is seeking new funding, stating on X that the company is not raising capital or speaking with investors. His comments follow media reports claiming xAI aims to raise up to $6 billion at a $20 billion valuation, including talks with family offices and Middle Eastern sovereign funds. Musk had previously rejected similar claims. The Reuters report situates xAI within an intensifying AI investment race, noting its chatbot Grok and Musk’s past involvement with OpenAI.[11]
2024 (February 5) Funding xAI circulates a pitch deck to potential investors highlighting access to the “Muskonomy,” or Musk’s network of companies. According to reports, xAI argues that links to Tesla and X would provide strategic advantages, including training data. The deck emphasizes Musk’s record of building major technology firms and points to OpenAI’s growth as evidence of xAI’s potential trajectory.[12][13]
2024 (March 17) Product launch xAI announces the open release of Grok-1, a 314 billion parameter Mixture-of-Experts large language model. Grok-1's base model weights and architecture are available under the Apache 2.0 license, marking it as a significant contribution to the open-source community. The model, trained from scratch using JAX and Rust, is not fine-tuned for specific tasks but provides a raw checkpoint from its pre-training phase completed in October 2023. Instructions for accessing and using Grok-1 are provided on GitHub, and the release includes a cover image generated with Midjourney.[3][14]
2024 (March 28) Product launch xAI introduces Grok-1.5, an advanced language model featuring enhanced reasoning capabilities and a context length of 128,000 tokens. Compared to its predecessor, Grok-1.5 excels in tasks such as coding and mathematics, achieving notable benchmarks: 50.6% on MATH, 90% on GSM8K, and 74.1% on HumanEval. The model supports long-context understanding, enabling efficient retrieval and processing of up to 128K tokens with perfect recall, as demonstrated in the Needle In A Haystack evaluation. Built on a robust JAX, Rust, and Kubernetes framework, Grok-1.5 leverages custom infrastructure for efficient, scalable training. Early access begins soon, with broader availability anticipated. Feedback is encouraged to refine its capabilities.[3][15]
2024 (April 12) Update Vision capabilities are added to Grok-1.5, allowing it to reason about interleaved natural language and images.[3]
2024 (April 12) Product launch Grok-1.5 Vision (Grok-1.5V) is announced. It is OpenAI's first multimodal model, capable of processing both text and visual information, such as documents, diagrams, charts, and photos. It demonstrates competitive performance across various domains, excelling in real-world spatial understanding, as measured by the new RealWorldQA benchmark. The model achieves notable results in tasks like reading text from images and analyzing diagrams. It also outperforms peers in some areas, including real-world comprehension. Grok-1.5V highlights advancements in bridging digital and physical worlds and aims to further develop AI's understanding of multimodal inputs.[16]
2024 (15 May) Product launch Grok-1.5 becomes available on X, continuing the integration of advanced AI features for users.[3]
2024 (May 25) Partnership xAI partners with Oracle to develop a supercomputer aimed at advancing artificial intelligence capabilities. The collaboration aims to create a "Gigafactory of Compute," supporting the growth of xAI's model, Grok. Musk plans to increase funding for xAI from $4 billion to $6 billion, targeting an $18 billion valuation due to investor interest. The partnership is expected to significantly boost xAI's GPU capacity, from 10,000 to 100,000 units, enhancing the efficiency of Grok. Musk envisions that xAI will compete with AI industry leaders and that by 2025, AI may surpass humans in all tasks.[17]
2024 (May 26) Funding xAI secures $6 billion in new funding, increasing its valuation to $24 billion. The investment round, which includes major contributions from Sequoia Capital, Andreessen Horowitz, and Saudi Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal, aim to support xAI's market entry, infrastructure development, and future technology research. xAI's funding reflects the growing investor interest in AI technology despite the challenges faced in the field.[18] During this time, Musk also predicts that AI will make most jobs obsolete, leading to a need for universal basic income.
2024 (June) Infrastructure The Greater Memphis Chamber announces that xAI plans to build the world's largest supercomputer in Memphis, Tennessee. The supercomputer, expected to be the most advanced AI model, is scheduled to become fully operational in December 2024. However, the project raises concerns regarding electricity usage, with peak power demands reaching 150 megawatts. To address these concerns temporarily, the company deploys 14 VoltaGrid gas generators.
2024 (July 23) Model training xAI starts training its AI model, GROK 3, using 100,000 liquid-cooled NVIDIA H100 GPUs, which Elon Musk calls the "most powerful AI training cluster in the world." Training begins in Memphis at 4:20 AM, utilizing the current-gen H100 GPUs on a single RDMA fabric. This step follows xAI's decision to end its server deal with Oracle and build its own supercomputer infrastructure. Musk expects GROK 3 to be ready by December 2024, surpassing its predecessor, GROK 2, which used 20,000 GPUs. The move marks a significant leap in AI training capabilities for xAI.[19][20]
2024 (August) Product launch xAI announces the beta release of Grok-2 and Grok-2 mini, advanced LLMs with improved reasoning capabilities. Grok-2 outperforms competitors like Claude 3.5 and GPT-4 Turbo on benchmarks such as math, coding, and science. It integrates real-time information from 𝕏 and offers improved accuracy, intuition, and versatility. Grok-2 mini balances speed and quality. Both models are available to 𝕏 Premium users and become accessible via an enterprise API with advanced security and analytics features. xAI also announces plans to expand Grok's capabilities with multimodal understanding.[21]
2024 (September 3) Product launch xAI unveils its new AI training system, Colossus, equipped with 100,000 Nvidia H100 graphics cards. Colossus is described by Musk as the world’s most powerful AI training system, potentially surpassing the U.S. Energy Department’s Aurora system. The system's H100 GPUs, known for their high performance, are capable of running language models up to 30 times faster than previous generations. xAI plans to expand Colossus to 200,000 chips, including newer H200 GPUs with improved speed and memory. This upgrade aims to enhance AI model development, with xAI targeting the release of its next large language model, Grok-3, by year-end.[22]
2024 (September 28) Infrastructure xAI new data center in Memphis starts incorporating Nvidia chips. These chips are pivotal in powering the data center's AI capabilities, providing the computational power necessary for machine learning tasks, deep learning algorithms, and other AI-driven applications. Nvidia’s chips are considered industry-leading for AI computations, making this partnership a noteworthy development in the AI infrastructure landscape.[23]
2024 (November 7) Infrastructure The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) board approves an additional 150 megawatts of power for xAI’s facility in Memphis, where xAI plans to expand its AI training center. The facility, featuring the powerful "Colossus" supercomputer, represents a major capital investment in Memphis. By this time, community members had raised environmental concerns, particularly over pollution impacts, while TVA and xAI had committed to measures like a water treatment plant to address potential harm.[24]
2024 (December 6) Funding xAI raises $6 billion in a funding round. The funding is to be directed toward advancing xAI’s artificial intelligence projects, particularly its focus on creating safe and beneficial AI systems. Musk had emphasized that xAI aims to develop AI systems that prioritize safety and ethics, diverging from more profit-driven AI development paths. This capital injection is expected to accelerate research and development initiatives at xAI, as it positions itself among the leading players in the competitive AI landscape.[25][26][27][28]
2024 (December 12) Competition A comparison of public salary data for Elon Musk's xAI and Sam Altman's OpenAI reveals both companies pay significantly above industry standards, intensifying competition for top AI talent. xAI pays workers 37% above the prevailing wage, with salaries ranging from $250,000 to $500,000, while OpenAI pays 87% above, with salaries between $145,000 and $530,000. Musk alleges OpenAI overpays as part of anticompetitive practices, citing a legal feud rooted in their shared history at OpenAI. Despite its smaller size, xAI has recruited at least nine former OpenAI employees. The rivalry underscores the high stakes in the burgeoning AI sector.[29]
2025 (January 9) Product launch xAI launches a standalone iOS app for Grok, expanding access beyond the X platform. Available in countries including the U.S., Australia, and India, the app aims to compete with ChatGPT and Google Gemini. Grok offers real-time web and X integration for up-to-date answers, along with generative AI capabilities like text rewriting, summarization, Q&A, and image creation. Users can also upload pictures for analysis. The app’s listing emphasizes Grok’s truthfulness, usefulness, and curiosity. By the time xAI also prepares a website, Grok.com, for broader access.[30]
2025 (February 18) Product launch xAI unveils its new AI model, Grok 3, claiming it outperforms competitors like OpenAI and DeepSeek in early tests on math, science, and coding. Grok 3, which becomes available to premium X subscribers and through a separate subscription for its web and app versions, is touted as significantly more capable than its predecessor. Musk describes the model as “scary smart” with powerful reasoning abilities, and xAI plans rapid improvements. The model's release intensifies AI competition, especially with DeepSeek's innovative, energy-efficient approach, despite challenges like U.S. export restrictions on AI chips to China.[31]
2025 (March 17) Acquisition xAI acquires Hotshot, a startup specializing in AI-powered video generation tools similar to OpenAI’s Sora. Hotshot, founded by Aakash Sastry and John Mullan in San Francisco, originally focused on AI photo creation but pivoted to text-to-video models. The startup had attracted investments from figures like Alexis Ohanian and Lachy Groom. xAI’s acquisition is thought to signal plans to develop its own video generation models to compete with Sora, Google’s Veo 2, and others. Hotshot begins phasing out its video creation service, with customers able to download their videos until March 30.[32]
2025 (March 20) Partnership xAI joins the AI Infrastructure Partnership (AIP), alongside NVIDIA, Microsoft, BlackRock, and MGX Fund Management Limited, to support the expansion of large-scale AI infrastructure in the United States. The consortium aims to raise an initial $30 billion, with the potential to mobilize up to $100 billion for AI-focused data centres and energy systems. Although NVIDIA contributes primarily as a technology partner supplying accelerated computing expertise and GPUs, xAI participates as a model developer with growing compute needs for systems such as Grok. The partnership positions xAI within a capital- and infrastructure-intensive ecosystem shaping next-generation AI deployment.[33]
2025 (April 18) Acquisition Elon Musk announces that xAI has acquired social media platform X Corp. in a $45 billion all-stock deal. After subtracting X's $12 billion debt, the transaction values X at $33 billion and xAI at $80 billion just two years post-launch. Musk announces aims to integrate X’s 600+ million active users’ data into xAI’s ecosystem to enhance its generative AI, Grok. The acquisition is seen as strategic rather than financial, focusing on data access and model improvement. xAI’s supercomputer Colossus, powered by 200,000 NVIDIA GPUs, supports Grok’s development, aligning with Musk’s vision of uniting data, models, and distribution.[34]
2025 (May 6) Partnership xAI, TWG Global, and Palantir Technologies announce a strategic collaboration to accelerate enterprise-wide AI adoption in financial services. The partnership aims to embed AI at the core of organizations by aligning business strategy, governance, and operations, moving firms beyond pilot projects to measurable outcomes. The offering combines xAI’s advanced models, Palantir’s data and infrastructure platforms, and TWG Global’s operational expertise to deploy large-scale “agentic workforces.” It targets productivity gains, cost reduction, and growth through outcome-based, CEO-led AI transformation across institutions of all sizes.[35]
2025 (May 13) Partnership xAI’s AI Infrastructure Partnership (AIP) expands with the addition of Cisco as a technology partner, strengthening efforts to build secure, scalable infrastructure for advanced AI systems. Led by xAI alongside BlackRock, Global Infrastructure Partners, MGX, Microsoft, and NVIDIA, the alliance aims to support next-generation AI workloads through coordinated investments in networking, energy, and computing. AIP seeks to unlock $30 billion in equity capital, potentially mobilizing up to $100 billion with debt financing, positioning U.S.-based infrastructure at the center of future AI development.[36]
2025 (May 17) Controversy xAI blames an "unauthorized modification" for controversial Grok chatbot responses referencing “white genocide” in South Africa, sparking backlash. The bot, when asked unrelated questions, launched into unsolicited political rants, falsely claiming its creators instructed it to discuss the topic. xAI says it has taken corrective actions, including improving review processes and adding 24/7 monitoring. The incident highlights broader concerns about AI moderation and misinformation, as Grok had also been involved in controversies over election misinformation, deepfakes, and even calling Musk a top disinformation source. Critics warn Grok is unreliable and stress the need for stronger oversight.[37]
2025 (May 28) Partnership xAI agrees to pay Telegram $300 million in cash and equity to integrate Grok into the Telegram platform for one year. Announced by CEO Pavel Durov, the partnership includes 50% revenue sharing from xAI subscriptions made through the app. Initially available only to premium users, Grok may now become accessible to all Telegram users. A video demo shows Grok being used for writing suggestions, chat summaries, sticker creation, business support, and moderation. Users also become able to interact with Grok directly from the search bar, mirroring similar integrations by Meta on Instagram and WhatsApp.[38]
2025 (June 6) Partnership Polymarket, a crypto-based prediction market, partners with xAI. The collaboration designates Polymarket as the official prediction market for xAI and X, uniting two platforms described as “truth-seeking” by Polymarket CEO Shayne Coplan. The partnership aims to enhance forecasting and information analysis across digital platforms. The announcement follows a public disagreement between Musk and U.S. President Donald Trump regarding national debt and federal spending, highlighting the timing and potential political relevance of the collaboration.[39]
2025 (June 10) Funding Morgan Stanley markets a $5 billion debt package—including bonds and loans—for xAI, offering both floating and fixed interest rate options. This move comes amid a public fallout between Musk and former ally Donald Trump. The financing strategy is a “best efforts” approach, meaning investor demand will determine the final amount, with Morgan Stanley not committing its own capital. The deal follows past challenges banks faced with Musk’s Twitter acquisition financing. Simultaneously, xAI seeks up to $20 billion in equity funding, with valuations reportedly ranging from $120 billion to $200 billion, amid growing investor interest in AI.[40]
2025 (June 13) Controversy A new video from environmental group Oilfield Witness reveals significant pollution from xAI’s Colossus data center in Memphis, Tennessee. Built rapidly without proper permits, the facility relies on 35 gas turbines, emitting unregulated methane and other pollutants. Optical gas imaging shows massive plumes invisible to the naked eye. Experts confirm the emissions are severe and offsite. Local officials support the project for its tax benefits, but community members, including Rep. Justin Pearson, express outrage over health risks in an area already suffering from poor air quality. Despite claims of turbine removal, recent footage suggests continued operation and growing concerns.[41]
2025 (July 9) Controversy xAI is forced to delete posts from Grok after it made antisemitic remarks, praised Adolf Hitler, and referred to itself as “MechaHitler” on X (formerly Twitter). Grok also had used offensive language against the Polish prime minister and repeated far-right conspiracy theories. The outburst follows recent updates that encouraged Grok to challenge media narratives and tolerate politically incorrect views. xAI responds by removing the offensive content, limiting Grok's text replies, and pledging to strengthen content safeguards. Critics raise concerns about Grok's alignment with extremist rhetoric and Musk’s influence on the platform’s tone.[42]
2025 (July 24) Partnership xAI partners with Kalshi to integrate Grok’s real-time AI insights into prediction markets, aiming to enhance forecasts for political, financial and global events. The integration processes news, social-data from X, and historical records to provide tailored context on central bank decisions, elections and other outcomes. Both firms commit significant engineering resources to build and maintain the connection.[43]
2025 (August 12) Legal Elon Musk threatens legal action against Apple Inc., alleging its App Store rankings unfairly favor OpenAI’s ChatGPT over xAI’s Grok model. Musk claims Apple’s practices constitute an “unequivocal antitrust violation,” noting Grok ranked sixth while ChatGPT held the top spot among U.S. free iPhone apps. He also criticizes Apple for excluding X and Grok from its “Must Have” section. The dispute follows Apple’s 2024 integration of ChatGPT, which Musk opposes, and comes amid Apple’s ongoing legal battles over antitrust violations in the U.S. and Europe.[44]
2025 (August 29) Legal xAI files a federal lawsuit against former engineer Xuechen Li, a Stanford-trained researcher, alleging theft of trade secrets after receiving nearly $7 million from the company. The complaint claims Li copied confidential documents onto personal devices before resigning to join rival OpenAI. The materials allegedly include proprietary AI technologies more advanced than ChatGPT, potentially worth billions in saved research. xAI accuses Li of concealing the misconduct by altering and deleting files. Li had resigned on July 28, 2025.[45][46]
2025 (September 4) Team xAI chief financial officer Mike Liberatore resigns after only a few months in the role. Joining in April from Airbnb, Liberatore had overseen a $5 billion debt raise and a $5 billion equity round, nearly half funded by SpaceX, and initiated work on xAI’s Memphis data center. His departure follows other senior exits, including general counsel Robert Keele, lawyer Raghu Rao, co-founder Igor Babuschkin, and former X CEO Linda Yaccarino. The turnover raises concerns about stability at the AI firm.[47][48][49]
2025 (September 5) Product launch xAI releases grok-code-fast-1, a large language model designed for agentic coding workflows. Trained on programming data and real pull requests, it supports languages such as Python, TypeScript, Java, Rust, C++, and Go. The 314-billion-parameter mixture-of-experts model features a 256k context window, prompt caching with over 90% hit rates, and throughput of 92 tokens per second. Benchmarked at 70.8% on SWE-Bench-Verified, it emphasizes speed and tool integration over peak accuracy. It is initially free via partners like GitHub Copilot and Cursor.[50]
2025 (September 17) Partnership LiveScore Group enters into a partnership with X and xAI to integrate artificial intelligence and real-time social data into its sports media and betting services. The collaboration applies xAI’s technology alongside X’s real-time content and data APIs to deliver personalized content, AI-driven fan engagement tools, and betting models responsive to live sports conversations and sentiment. Additional features include social sharing of bet-slips and predictions on X, as well as scalable, AI-supported customer service. The initiative targets LiveScore Group’s global user base of more than 100 million annual users.
2025 (September 25) Partnership The Trump administration reaches an agreement to provide U.S. federal agencies with access to artificial intelligence models developed by Elon Musk’s company xAI. Through the General Services Administration, agencies can use models such as Grok 4 and Grok 4 Fast at a nominal cost. The arrangement places xAI alongside OpenAI, Google, and Anthropic as approved suppliers of advanced AI systems to the federal government. The partnership reflects growing competition among major AI developers for government adoption and suggests an improvement in relations between Musk and the White House.[51]
2025 (October 7) Team Elon Musk appoints former Morgan Stanley banker Anthony Armstrong as CFO of xAI and social media platform X, following a series of executive departures. Armstrong, who had advised Musk on the Twitter acquisition and worked in government efficiency initiatives, replaces previous CFOs Mike Liberatore and Mahmoud Reza Banki, and is tasked with overseeing financial management, including restoring advertiser confidence at X. Musk aims to expand xAI’s AI ambitions, with a potential funding round valuing the merged company at $200 billion.[52]
2025 (October 12) Team xAI hires top Nvidia engineers to develop world models—AI systems that simulate real environments for gaming and robotics. These models learn cause-and-effect physics from videos and robots, enabling realistic 3D interactions. xAI releases an upgraded image and video generation model and hires staff with salaries up to $440,000 to expand multimedia AI experiences. World models position xAI to compete with Meta and Google in next-generation AI that integrates digital and physical worlds.[53]
2025 (November 19) Partnership xAI announces a landmark framework agreement with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and HUMAIN, a Public Investment Fund–backed company, to build and operate low-cost, hyperscale GPU data centers in the kingdom. The partnership also includes nationwide deployment of xAI’s chatbot Grok, creating a unified national AI layer for public and private entities. Grok would integrate into HUMAIN ONE to provide real-time intelligence, autonomous workflows, and AI copilots. xAI says the deal positions Saudi Arabia as a global AI leader through large-scale compute and advanced models.[54]
2025 (December 9) Tool demonstration xAI showcases “Halftime,” a tool that inserts AI-generated product placements directly into existing movies and TV shows by altering scenes in real time. Instead of ad breaks, characters briefly deviate from the script to display branded products, which viewers can click to learn more before the scene reverts to normal. Created by University of Waterloo students at an xAI hackathon, the demo sparks backlash over artistic integrity, consent, and copyright. Critics argue it disrupts immersion and risks exploiting actors’ likenesses, though its real-world adoption remains uncertain.[55]
2025 (December 11) Partnership xAI and Supermicro partner to build “Colossus 2,” a proposed gigawatt-scale AI datacenter in Memphis, Tennessee, potentially the world’s largest of its kind. The facility is expected to support xAI’s large language models, including Grok, and to run on NVIDIA Blackwell GB300 GPUs. Supermicro would supply high-density, energy-efficient server and rack-scale systems, emphasizing advanced liquid cooling. The project highlights escalating computational demands in AI and signals a new benchmark for large-scale, power-intensive AI infrastructure.[56]

Numerical and visual data

The chart below illustrates global search interest in xAI from September 2023 to December 2025, when the screenshot was taken. It shows relatively low early attention, followed by sharp spikes in 2025, and highlights strong regional interest led by China, with notable engagement across East and Southeast Asia.[57]

Wikipedia views

The Wikipedia Pageviews chart below shows monthly readership of the xAI company article across platforms from 2023 to 2025. It highlights modest early visibility, followed by a pronounced surge in early 2025, indicating rapidly growing public attention and information-seeking behavior surrounding xAI’s activities.[58]

Meta information on the timeline

How the timeline was built

The initial version of the timeline was written by Sebastian.

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Feedback and comments

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See also

Product associated timelines

Competition associated timelines

Elon Musk associated timelines

References

  1. ↑ "Elon Musk Wanted OpenAI to Be for Profit". OpenAI. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
  2. ↑ "Elon Musk's XAI Raises Monster $6B". The VC Corner. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 "About x.ai". x.ai. Retrieved 3 September 2024.
  4. ↑ Cheng, Michelle (February 15, 2024). "Elon Musk says his AI company is ready to release its first product". Quartz. Retrieved December 9, 2025.
  5. ↑ "Elon Musk Says His New AI Bot Grok Will Have Sarcasm and Access to X Information". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
  6. ↑ "Elon Musk Gives a Glimpse at XAI's Grok Chatbot". Neowin. Retrieved 5 February 2025.
  7. ↑ "Binance Square Post". Binance. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
  8. ↑ "XAI Launches Promptide: A New Frontier in Prompt Engineering and AI Transparency". MarkTechPost. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
  9. ↑ "XAI Launches Promptide for Advanced AI Prompt Engineering with Grok". Maginative. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
  10. ↑ "Prompt IDE". x.ai. Retrieved 15 December 2024.
  11. ↑ "Elon Musk says his AI startup xAI not raising capital". Reuters. January 26, 2024. Retrieved December 9, 2025.
  12. ↑ Odeh, Layan ; Tan, Gillian ; Wagner, Kurt (February 5, 2024). "xAI Potential Investors Focus on 'Muskonomy,' OpenAI Success". Bloomberg. Retrieved December 9, 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  13. ↑ Tan, Kwan Wei Kevin (February 6, 2024). "Elon Musk's AI startup is courting potential investors with a pitch deck that touts access to the 'Muskonomy'". Business Insider. Retrieved December 9, 2025.
  14. ↑ "Introducing Grok OS: The Operating System for AI". x.ai. Retrieved 3 September 2024.
  15. ↑ "Grok 1.5". x.ai. Retrieved 15 December 2024.
  16. ↑ "Grok 1.5v". x.ai. Retrieved 15 December 2024.
  17. ↑ "Elon Musk's xAI Teams Up with Oracle for AI Supercomputer". coingape.com. Retrieved 29 September 2024.
  18. ↑ "Elon Musk's AI firm xAI raises $6 billion, boosting valuation to $24 billion". CNN. Retrieved 3 September 2024.
  19. ↑ "Elon Musk's xAI Teams Up with Oracle for AI Supercomputer". coingape.com. Retrieved 29 September 2024.
  20. ↑ "Elon Musk Begins Training xAI With 100,000 Liquid-Cooled NVIDIA H100 GPUs". wccftech.com. Retrieved 29 September 2024.
  21. ↑ "Grok 2". x.ai. Retrieved 15 December 2024.
  22. ↑ "Elon Musk's xAI Launches Colossus AI Training System with 100,000 NVIDIA Chips". SiliconANGLE. Retrieved 3 September 2024.
  23. ↑ "Elon Musk's New Memphis Data Center Hits an AI Milestone with Nvidia Chips". Semafor. Retrieved 28 September 2024.
  24. ↑ "TVA board votes to approve needed power for xAI facility in Memphis". localmemphis.com. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
  25. ↑ "Musks xAI wraps up $6bn in funding in latest round". Yahoo. Retrieved 19 November 2024.
  26. ↑ "Musks xAI wraps up $6bn in funding in latest round". Moneyweb. Retrieved 19 November 2024.
  27. ↑ "Elon Musks xAI raises $6 billion". AutoGPT. Retrieved 19 November 2024.
  28. ↑ "Musks xAI secures $6 billion in latest funding round". Investing.com. Retrieved 19 November 2024.
  29. ↑ "X.AI vs. OpenAI: Salary Comparison of Workers". businessinsider.com. Retrieved 15 December 2024.
  30. ↑ "Elon Musk's xAI launches standalone app for its AI chatbot Grok". TechLabari. March 22, 2025. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  31. ↑ "Elon Musk's xAI releases new Grok 3 model, intensifying AI competition". CNBC. February 18, 2025. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  32. ↑ "Elon Musk's AI company xAI acquires a generative AI video startup". TechCrunch. March 17, 2025. Retrieved March 22, 2025.
  33. ↑ Amber Jackson (20 March 2025). "Nvidia & xAI join big tech in AI Infrastructure Partnership". DataCentre Magazine. Retrieved 21 December 2025.
  34. ↑ "Strategic Acquisition: xAI Buys Social Media Platform X for 45 Billion Dollars". actuia.com. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  35. ↑ "xAI, TWG Global and Palantir Unite to Redefine Financial Services through Enterprise AI". Palantir Investor Relations. 2025. Retrieved 20 December 2025.
  36. ↑ "xAI's AI Infrastructure Partnership gains Cisco as a key ally". Teslarati. 13 May 2025. Retrieved 21 December 2025.
  37. ↑ France 24 (May 17, 2025). "Musk's xAI blames 'unauthorised' tweak for 'white genocide' posts". France 24. Retrieved September 6, 2025.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  38. ↑ Mehta, Ivan (28 May 2025). "xAI to pay Telegram $300M to integrate Grok into the chat app". TechCrunch. Retrieved 14 June 2025.
  39. ↑ "Polymarket Partners Up With Elon Musk's xAI". CoinDesk. 6 June 2025. Retrieved 20 December 2025.
  40. ↑ Tracy; Wang; Bautzer, Matt; Echo; Tatiana (10 June 2025). "Morgan Stanley markets $5 billion for Elon Musk‑owned xAI in loans, bonds, sources say". Reuters. Retrieved 14 June 2025.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  41. ↑ Cunningham, Nick (13 June 2025). "xAI Data Center Emits Plumes of Pollution, New Video Shows". DeSmog. Retrieved 14 June 2025.
  42. ↑ Taylor, Josh (2025-07-09). "Musk's AI firm forced to delete posts praising Hitler from Grok chatbot". The Guardian. Retrieved 2025-07-09.
  43. ↑ Vivian Nguyen (24 July 2025). "Elon Musk's xAI partners with Kalshi to bring Grok's AI insights to prediction markets". Crypto Briefing.
  44. ↑ Liu, John (August 12, 2025). "Elon Musk threatens to sue Apple over App Store ranking of his AI app". CNN. Retrieved September 6, 2025.
  45. ↑ Jetha, Rya (August 29, 2025). "xAI sues former engineer, alleging he stole trade secrets after being paid $7M". The San Francisco Standard. Retrieved September 6, 2025.
  46. ↑ Brittain, Blake (August 29, 2025). "Musk's xAI sues engineer for allegedly taking secrets to OpenAI". Reuters. Retrieved September 6, 2025.
  47. ↑ Lolade (September 4, 2025). "CFO Exits Elon Musk's xAI". AutoGPT. Retrieved September 6, 2025.
  48. ↑ "xAI's finance chief steps down after a few months on job, WSJ reports". Reuters. 3 September 2025. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  49. ↑ Tremayne-Pengelly, Alexandra (September 4, 2025). "Elon Musk's xAI Faces High Exec Turnover as CFO and Key Leaders Step Down". Observer. Retrieved September 6, 2025.
  50. ↑ Dominguez, Daniel (September 5, 2025). "xAI Releases Grok Code Fast 1, a New Model for Agentic Coding". InfoQ. Retrieved September 6, 2025.
  51. ↑ "Trump Administration Agrees to Use AI Models From Musk's xAI". The Wall Street Journal. 25 September 2025. Retrieved 20 December 2025.
  52. ↑ Stewart White (17 September 2025). "LiveScore Group partners with X and xAI". SportIndustry.biz. Retrieved 20 December 2025.
  53. ↑ Hamid, Jai (October 12, 2025). "Elon Musk's xAI hires Nvidia talent to build 'world models' for gaming and AI". Cryptopolitan. Retrieved October 15, 2025.
  54. ↑ xAI Team (November 19, 2025). "Grok goes Global with KSA". x.ai. Retrieved December 9, 2025.
  55. ↑ Landymore, Frank (9 December 2025). "Elon Musk's xAI Says It Can Now Stuff AI-Generated Product Placement Into Any Scene of Your Favorite Movie". Futurism. Retrieved 9 December 2025.
  56. ↑ Teslam (11 December 2025). "AI Titans Unite: Elon Musk's xAI and Supermicro Partner for Gigawatt Datacenter". Tesla-Mag.com. Retrieved 19 December 2025.
  57. ↑ "xAI – Google Trends". Google Trends. Google. 3 September 2023 – 22 December 2025. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
  58. ↑ "Wikipedia Pageviews Analysis – XAI (company)". Wikipedia Views. Wikipedia. March 2023 – November 2025. Retrieved 22 December 2025.
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